Polish Ports in 2017 February 2018
Summary and future outlook Summary: Polish port sector with another record-breaking result of cargo handling. Annual cargo turnover amounted 87.3 million tones, what indicated 7.8% increase. All Polish ports had the highest turnover in history. Gdansk broke the barrier of 40 million tonnes (+3.3 mln tonnes), the port of exceeded 25 million tonnes (+1.3 mln tonnes) and also port Gdynia achieved 21 million tonnes (+1.7 mln tonnes). The increase in general cargo handling (+5.0 mln tonnes), as well as increases in liquid fuels (+1.9 mln tonnes) and ore (+0.8 mln tonnes) were crucial for a good result in total cargo turnover. Large drop was registered in grain turnover (-1.6 mln tonnes). General cargo accounted for 50% of total ports turnover (+5.7%). Liquid fuels equalled 21%, coal and coke 11% of cargo turnover in Poland. Very good year on the container handling market (+17.3%). In 2017 nearly 2.4 mln TEU were handled in Polish ports. Over 21% increase in port Gdansk with an annual result about 1.6 mln TEU. Port Gdynia also gained (+10.7%), annual turnover equalled 0.71 mln TEU. Increase was also recorded in port (+3.0%), throughput exceeded 93 thousand TEU. Last year, ports handled 1.88 million passengers (-1.02%) as part of regular ferry services. Most new passengers arrived in Świnoujście (+44 234 people). In 2017, the turnover of freight units in ro-ro technology increased by 9% and reached the level of 675 455 units. 416 440 passenger cars were served in the ferry traffic (-1.32%). New ferries joined the fleet of ro-ro vessels. Polferries added ferry MV Cracovia to operate on Świnoujście Ystad route. Stena Line introduced MV Gute to Gdynia-Karlskrona line and also launched a new connection Gdynia Nynäshamn operated by ro-ro ship MV Elizabeth Russ. Very high increase in cruise traffic in Polish seaports. The number of calls equalled 109. In all major Polish ports 122.7 thousand tourists were served in 2017. The port of Gdynia remained the largest Polish cruise port (88,6 thousand passengers), but port of Gdansk gained the most. The number of calls doubled and also 150% increase in number of visitors was recorded. Operational results of Polish seaports in 2017 Due to nearly 8% increase major Polish seaports recorded 87,263 million tonnes. Positive changes were recorded in all analyzed seaports. Table 1. Turnover in the biggest Polish seaports in years 2012-2017 (thousand of tonnes) 2012 2013 2014 2015 Gdynia 15 809 17 659 19 405 18 198 19 536 21 225 +8.65% 21 267 22 750 23 401 23 174 24 113 25 424 +5.4% Gdańsk 26 897 30 259 32 278 35 914 37 289 40 614 +8.92% Total 63 973 70 668 75 084 77 286 80 938 87 263 +7.81% Above records were influenced by increases in handling of general cargo (+5 mln tonnes) and fuels (+1.9 mln tonnes). The largest decrease was recorded in grain handling (-1.5 mln tonnes). Negative changes were also observed in cole and coke throughput (-0.14 mln tonnes). The predominant transshipment group in main Polish ports was general cargo, which share was at 49.71% level (Figure 1). It is worth mentioning that all ports recorded an increase in turnover in this sector. The highest tempo of growth was demonstrated by the port of Gdansk (+3.5 million tonnes), mainly due to the increased handling of containerized cargo. 2
1.1 Handling structure in 2017 The predominant transshipment group in main Polish ports was general cargo, which share was at 49.71% level (Figure 1). It is worth mentioning that all ports recorded an increase in turnover in this sector. The highest tempo of growth was demonstrated by the port of Gdansk (+3.5 million tonnes), mainly due to the increased handling of containerized cargo. Figure 1. The structure of handling in the main ports in Poland in 2017 18 364,80 9 356,50 Coal and coke Ore 2 590,60 Other bulk Grain 7 599,10 Timber 43 380,50 252,80 5 718,40 General cargo Fuels The group, which share was also significant, were fuels. Most of the fuels were handled in the port of Gdansk, although the largest growth was recorded by the port of -Świnoujście (+1.0 million tonnes). Table 2. Handling structure in ports of Gdańsk, Gdynia and -Świnoujście in 2017 (thousand of tonnes) tonnes) Gdańsk Gdynia -Świnoujście Cargo Thousand of tonnes Thousand of tonnes Thousand of tonnes Coal and coke 5 083 +0.05% 2 134.50 +43.66% 2 139.00-27% Ore 93-54.30% 15.1 +139.7% 2 482.50 +59.4% Other bulk 3 443-1.60% 1 079.30-1.96% 3 076.80 +5.4% Grain 774-32.60% 3 482.70 +17.45% 1 461.70-28.6% Timber 3 0.00% 234 +272.0% 15.8 +119.4% General Cargo 18 050 +24.1% 12 460.40 +8.7% 12 870.10 +4.2% Fuels 13 168 +2.8% 1 819.10 +37.35% 3 377.70 +46.7% Total 40 614 +8.9% 21 225.10 +8.64% 25 423.60 +5.4% The highest tempo of growth (+272%) was recorded in port of Gdynia (+171.10 thousand tonnes) in timber handling. As can be read from the table, also port of -Świnoujście showed an upward trend, however timber still remains a cargo group with a negligible share in the total turnover in major Polish ports. In 2017, all of the analyzed ports reported an increase in container handling. The high increase (+281 135 TEU) in Poland s leading container port, Gdansk, was influenced by the completed construction of the second berth - T2 in the DCT terminal. 3
1.2 Containers In 2017, all of the analyzed ports reported an increase in container handling. The high increase (+281 135 TEU) in Poland s leading container port, Gdansk, was influenced by the completed construction of the second berth T2 in the DCT terminal. Table 3. Container handling in the biggest Polish seaports in years 2012-2017 (TEU) 2012 2013 2014 2015 Gdańsk 928 399 1 177 626 1 212 054 1 091 202 1 299 373 1 580 508 +21.6% Gdynia 676 349 729 518 849 123 684 796 642 195 710 698 +10.67% 52 179 62 307 78 439 87 784 90 869 93 579 +3% Total 1 656 927 1 969 451 2 139 616 1 863 782 2 032 437 2 384 785 +17.34 The year 2017 turned out to be very positive for Baltic container ports. In the 10 largest container ports in the Baltic Sea Region, 7.7 million TEU were handled, what indicated an almost 9% increase. The Port of Gdansk was the second port in the Baltic Sea in terms of the container handling, while the port of Gdynia was right behind it, with an increase of container throughput by 68 503 TEU in comparison to 2016. Also in port of container handling increased (+ 2 710 TEU). 1.3 Ro-ro ferry transport In 2017 leading Polish ports handled 675 455 freight units (+9%). Also 416 440 passenger cars were served in the ferry traffic (-1.32%). Table 4. Ro-ro ferry transport in biggest Polish sea ports in years 2016 and 2017 Cargo Passenger cars Freight units Gdańsk* 37 335 38 434 +2.9% 16 082 18 629 +15.8% Gdynia 124 773 109 151-13% 180 474 191 350 +6% 259 896 268 855 +3.4% 425 850 465 476 +9.3% Total 422 004 416 440-1.32% 622 406 675 455 +9% * as in previous years, this number does not include commercial vehicles 4
1.4 Passenger traffic As part of regular passenger traffic 1.88 mln passengers were served in main Polish ports. Port of recorded highest tempo of growth (+4.43%) and served 44 234 passengers more in regular passenger traffic in comparison to 2016. Table 5. Regular passenger traffic in main Polish ports in years 2012-2017 (passengers) 2012 2013 2014 2015 798 897 789 110 897 870 974 717 1 040 779 1 085 013 +4.3% Gdynia 469 516 509 335 560 040 598 207 750 063 685 553-8.6% Gdańsk 141 835 125 897 122 810 107 540 104 672 105 556 +0.8% Total 1 410 248 1 424 342 1 580 720 1 680 464 1 895 514 1 876 122-1.02% 1.5 Sea cruise traffic The year 2017 brought an increase in the frequency of cruise ships calls to major Polish ports (+24). Despite the fact that the largest number of tourists was served by the port of Gdynia (+6 783), the biggest change in sea cruise traffic took place in the port of Gdansk (+19 224 tourists). Table 6. Sea cruise traffic in Polish ports in 2016 and 2017 Tourists Number of calls Gdańsk 12 566 31 790 +153% 32 64 +32 Gdynia 81 833 88 616 +8.3% 50 41-9 -Świnoujście 1 343 2 358 +75.6% 3 4 +1 Total 95 742 122 764 +28.22% 85 109 +24 Port Gdynia is allowed to serve the largest cruise ships. In spite of slight decrease in number of cruise ships calls, Port Gdynia was leading port in the number of served passengers. 5
Planned investments For the port of Gdynia, core investment is dredging of port basins and port canals and also widening of turning basin. Owing to this investment bigger ships will be allowed to enter the port. The implementation of the investment would be very important, especially for container market. Also, the fairway would be dredged to -17 m. The next stage of works started in November 2017, when the hardening of Gościnne berth was removed. The turning basin should be ready to serve ships in second quarter of 2018. Another key investment is the construction of public ferry terminal what will provide comprehensive passenger service, as well as transport of freight units. The construction works would take 2,5-3 years. The construction of new public ferry terminal is necessary investment for the development of Gdynia Karlskrona motorway of the sea. The Port of Gdansk is planning to expand and modernize Oliwskie Quay, where grain transshipments take place. The end of works is planned for third quarter of 2020. The Port of Gdansk has recently received funding for the construction of the North Quay in the Outer Port. Due to this investment, Port Gdansk will gain new mooring posts for ships. What is more, new sugar terminal will be built in the Port of Gdansk. In November 2017 the Port of Gdansk Authority and Krajowa Spółka Cukrowa signed a lease contract for the construction of new terminal. New facility will be built near Wiślane Berth. The location will allow loading and unloading of vessels with large capacity. In the port of -Świnoujście works will be conducted to modernise the port infrastructure and to enable the development of intermodal operations in ferry terminal. The beginning of works is planned for mid 2018. Also, port -Świnoujście has planned works related to enlarging the LNG terminal with another berth. The completion of works is planned for 2021. What is more, berths in the area of Dębicki Canal and Kaszubski Basin will be modernized and adapted to new depth of Świnoujście fairway. Port Monitor is a series of periodic reports regarding the seaports markets in the Baltic Sea, as well as on European and global scale. This reports has been prepared by the Consulting Department at Actia Forum, specializing in market surveys in transport, tourism and environment as well as European projects and business counselling. Actia Forum sp. z o.o. ul. Pułaskiego 8, 80-368 Gdynia, +48 58 627 24 67, www.actiaforum.pl 6 Authors Monika Rozmarynowska-Mrozek Consulting Projects Leader, Actia Forum +48 608 421 796, monika@actiaforum.pl Dr hab. Maciej Matczak Akademia Morska w Gdyni +48 604 056 280, maciej@actiaforum.pl Ewelina Ziajka Project Assistant, Actia Forum, ewelina@actiaforum.pl