FOREWORD This report gives an overview of the delay situation in the European Civil Aviation Conference Area. This report has been prepared by the Central Office for Delay Analysis (CODA), a service of EUROCONTROL. It is based on the EUROCONTROL CODA database which contains delay data provided directly by airlines. The report consists of an overview of the reporting period, a summary of the main delay effects, and a series of charts and graphics, which illustrate the main characteristics of the reporting period. A glossary of terms and abbreviations used throughout the report is given in Annex 1. Airline data from the CODA database contains real recorded delays provided to CODA by airlines and is based on the difference between scheduled time of departure and actual off block time. This report discusses delays from all causes; for information regarding ATFCM delays see the complementary reports available at www.public.cfmu.eurocontrol.int/pubportal/gateway/spec/index.html Table of Contents FOREWORD... 2 Table of Contents... 2 1. Headlines*... 3 2. All-Causes Departure Delay Summary... 6 3. All-Causes Arrival Delay Summary... 10 4. Summary of Significant Events in Summer 2011.... 12 A. Year-on-Year Trends in All-Causes Delay Indicators... 13 B. Busiest Airport pairs... 14 C. All-causes departure delay by hour... 15 D. Average Delay per Delayed Flight & Percentage of Flights Delayed at Departure Airports... 16 E. Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations... 17 F. Standard IATA Delay Codes... 18 G. Correlation between IATA Delay Codes and the CFMU Reasons for Regulation... 20 2011 European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation (EUROCONTROL) This document is published by EUROCONTROL for information purposes. It may be copied in whole or in part provided that EUROCONTROL is mentioned as the source and to the extent justified by the non-commercial use (not for sale). The information in this document may not be modified without prior written permission from EUROCONTROL. The use of this document is at the user s sole risk and responsibility. EUROCONTROL expressly disclaims any and all warranties with respect to any content within the document, express or implied. * This revised version of the Digest discusses all causes of delay. For more details of the ATFCM delay situation please see the sister publications available at www.public.cfmu.eurocontrol.int/pubportal/gateway/spec/index.html Central Office for Delay Analysis EUROCONTROL 96 Rue de la Fusée B - 1130 Brussels The Central Office for Delay Analysis (CODA) is ISO 9001:2008 certified. Tel: + 32-2 729 47 44 Fax : + 32-2 729 90 04 E-Mail : coda@eurocontrol.int Web Site: http://www.eurocontrol.int/coda Date of publication of this issue: 28/11/2011 EUROCONTROL 2 CODA
1. Headlines* In Summer 2011 (May September inclusive) the average delay per delayed flight (ADD) for departure traffic from all causes of delay was 28 minutes. This was a decrease of 11% compared to Summer 2010. In addition, the percentage of flights delayed (by 5 minutes or more) decreased by 6 percentage points to 40% in comparison with Summer 2010. The percentage of flights delayed by more than 15 minutes decreased from 24% to 19% (see Annex A). The Summer 2011 season saw a significant improvement in delay performance in comparison to the 2010 season, with average delays returning to similar levels to those seen in 2007 and 2008. ATC Industrial action has a lesser effect than last Summer; periods of disruption were observed in France, Greece and Italy, however the length of these disruptions were shorter than those seen last summer. Delays were also prominent in Spain following ATC and airport capacity delays during the peak summer months with Madrid Barajas, Palma and Ibiza being affected (Figure 7). May saw a limited volcanic ash event (23 rd to 25 th ), mainly affecting Scotland and Northern Germany with the main effect being in cancellations and flights having to re-route to avoid affected airspace. * This revised version of the Digest discusses all causes of delay. For more details of the ATFCM delay situation please see the sister publications available at www.public.cfmu.eurocontrol.int/pubportal/gateway/spec/index.html EUROCONTROL 3 CODA
In Summer 2011 airline-related delays were the main contributor to primary departure delay. This proportion saw a 7 point increase in the share of delay minutes although, because total primary delay minutes fell by 19% the number of minutes of airline delay was down. ATFCM delay share fell back from the sharp peak of Summer 2010 (Figure 3) to 30.8%. Figure 1. Primary delay causes, Summer 2011 Figure 2. Primary delay causes, Summer 2010 EUROCONTROL 4 CODA
Figure 3. ATFCM Share of All Causes Primary Delay. Looking further into the history of the ATFCM proportion of the primary delay causes delay, the average en-route share of primary delay was 16.9% in the main summer quarter of 2011. As discussed, this was better than the peak in 2010:Q3, but similar to the share seen in Summer 2008. EUROCONTROL 5 CODA
2. All-Causes Departure Delay Summary 1 The average delay per movement (ADM) from all causes decreased by 23% to 11 minutes in Summer 2011. This brought the average delay close to the record low seen in 2009. The average delay per delayed flight (ADD) for departure traffic from all causes of delay was 28 minutes (see Annex A). Departure punctuality improved with 42% of flights departing within the 5 minute threshold before or after the scheduled departure time, an improvement of 3 percentage points. Flights departing 5-15 minutes ahead of schedule also improved, this category up by 2 points (see Figure 5). Figure 4. Average delay per movement (all causes) for Departures Figure 5. All-causes departure punctuality 2010 vs 2011 1 A flight is considered delayed as from 5 minutes. The analysis was based on airline data provided to CODA, which for Summer 2011 contains details on 63% of IFR GAT flights in Europe. Unless otherwise mentioned, a flight is considered delayed/advanced as from 5 minutes. EUROCONTROL 6 CODA
Figure 6. Primary and reactionary all-cause delay, by IATA code (%) An analysis of delay causes and categories (grouped by IATA code) shows a decrease (in percentage points) in the share of Reactionary delay of 2 points, however there was a sharp decline in the number of delay minutes. Technical and Equipment delay share increased by 2 points, also seeing total delay minutes for this cause fall slightly. ATFM En-route delay share fell (down 4 points) following less en route delays in the Summer. The remaining causes saw their contributions to the average delay per flight fall in the reporting period. The link from these categories to IATA codes is summarised in Figure 14. EUROCONTROL 7 CODA
Figure 7. All-Causes Delay. Top 20 Affected Departure Airports Summer 2011 Rank Departure Airport ICAO Code Average Delay Per Departure Average Delay Per Movement Percentage Change Average Delay Per Delayed Departure Percentage Delayed Departures 1 MADRID BARAJAS LEMD 18.9-19% 31.7 59.5% 2 PALMA DE MALLORCA LEPA 17.3-27% 32.8 52.6% 3 LISBOA LPPT 14.7-27% 29.2 50.3% 4 IBIZA LEIB 14.5-36% 34.5 42.1% 5 PARIS CH DE GAULLE LFPG 14.5-8% 27.4 52.8% 6 ANTALYA LTAI 13.8-23% 33.7 40.8% 7 MANCHESTER EGCC 13.7-25% 33.7 40.7% 8 ROME FIUMICINO LIRF 13.3-24% 25.1 52.9% 9 ALICANTE LEAL 13.2-41% 28.0 47.2% 10 LONDON/LUTON EGGW 13.2-39% 28.6 46.0% 11 BARCELONA LEBL 13.2-31% 29.1 45.2% 12 VENEZIA TESSERA LIPZ 13.1-23% 28.1 46.7% 13 NICE LFMN 13.1-40% 27.0 48.3% 14 MALAGA LEMG 12.9-45% 29.2 44.2% 15 LONDON/GATWICK EGKK 12.4-45% 27.9 44.6% 16 FRANKFURT MAIN EDDF 12.2 0% 22.1 55.4% 17 PARIS ORLY LFPO 12.2-30% 26.6 45.8% 18 FERIHEGY- BUDAPEST LHBP 11.9-33% 27.1 44.0% 19 LONDON/HEATHROW EGLL 11.9-12% 25.0 47.4% 20 WARSZAWA/OKECIE EPWA 11.8-20% 27.1 43.5% Figure 8. Main delay causes at the top 10 affected departure airports When analysing the Top 20 most affected departure airports: Madrid Barajas was the most affected airport, with airline related delays seeing a high proportion of primary delays. Palma de Mallorca ranked second suffering airport and en-route delays, although the average delay per movement (ADM) at these airports fell by 19% and 27% respectively. Manchester and Luton were affected by delays at seasonal leisure destination airports in Spain. Paris CDG saw high proportions of airline related delay during the season. EUROCONTROL 8 CODA
Figure 9. All-causes delay situation for most-affected 20 airport pairs Summer 2011 Rank Departure Airport Arrival Airport Average Delay Per Departure Change since Previous Period Average Delay Per Delayed Departure Percentage Delayed Departures 1 TENERIFE NORTE MADRID BARAJAS 25.9 22% 36.7 70.4% 2 ROME FIUMICINO MADRID BARAJAS 24.6-20% 33.7 73.0% 3 MADRID BARAJAS VALENCIA 23.7 23% 36.3 65.4% 4 PARIS ORLY MADRID BARAJAS 23.7-3% 35.0 67.7% 5 MADRID BARAJAS TENERIFE NORTE 23.6 9% 32.3 73.0% 6 LONDON/HEATHROW MADRID BARAJAS 23.3-20% 35.6 65.4% 7 IBIZA MADRID BARAJAS 23.2-35% 38.8 59.9% 8 LAS PALMAS MADRID BARAJAS 22.8 12% 38.0 60.0% 9 MADRID BARAJAS LAS PALMAS 22.1-6% 34.7 63.8% 10 MADRID BARAJAS IBIZA 21.2-32% 35.2 60.1% 11 MADRID BARAJAS LONDON/HEATHROW 21.1-16% 31.0 68.2% 12 MADRID BARAJAS PARIS ORLY 20.1-4% 30.4 66.0% 13 MADRID BARAJAS ROME FIUMICINO 20.0-10% 32.8 60.8% 14 MADRID BARAJAS VIGO 19.5-5% 31.7 61.5% 15 MADRID BARAJAS PALMA DE MALLORCA 19.3-22% 33.2 58.1% 16 SCHIPHOL AMSTERDAM FRANKFURT MAIN 19.3 21% 29.5 65.5% 17 NEW YORK LONDON/HEATHROW 19.2-9% 38.1 50.2% 18 PALMA DE MALLORCA MADRID BARAJAS 18.8-34% 33.1 56.6% 19 MADRID BARAJAS FRANKFURT MAIN 18.3 3% 30.0 61.1% 20 SANTIAGO MADRID BARAJAS 17.5-22% 34.4 51.1% In contrast with the Top 20 affected departure airports (Figure 7) the percentage changes in the average delay per departure of the Top 20 Affected City Pairs were more varied. When analysing this ranking, Madrid Barajas continues to suffer from airport ATC capacity related delays affecting both arriving and departing flights, domestic city pairs seeing increases in average delays compared with last season. EUROCONTROL 9 CODA
3. All-Causes Arrival Delay Summary 2 The average delay per arrival (ADM) from all causes decreased by 22% to 11 minutes in Summer 2011 when compared to last year, see Figure 10. The average delay per delayed flight (ADD) for arrival traffic from all causes of delay was 29 minutes (see Annex A). In regard to arrival punctuality, 26% of flights arrived within the 5 minute threshold before or after the scheduled arrival time, a 2 percentage point increase. In addition flights arriving 5-15 minutes ahead of schedule increased to 28%. Flights arriving >15 mins early also showed a slight increase. Figure 10. Average delay per movement (all causes) for Arrivals Figure 11. All causes arrival punctuality 2010 vs 2011 2 The analysis was based on airline data provided to CODA, which for Summer 2011 contains details on 63% of IFR GAT flights in Europe. Unless otherwise mentioned, a flight is considered delayed/advanced as from 5 minutes. EUROCONTROL 10 CODA
Figure 12. All-Causes Delay. Top 20 Affected Arrival Airports Summer 2011* Rank Arrival Airport ICAO Code Average Delay Per Arrival Average Delay per Movement Percentage Change Average Delay Per Delayed Arrival Percentage Delayed Arrivals 1 MADRID BARAJAS LEMD 23.7-15% 35.3 67.1% 2 MANCHESTER EGCC 15.1-23% 40.4 37.4% 3 ANTALYA LTAI 14.4-24% 31.1 46.5% 4 BARCELONA LEBL 13.9-27% 30.2 46.0% 5 PALMA DE MALLORCA LEPA 13.8-23% 30.8 44.7% 6 LONDON/GATWICK EGKK 13.5-45% 35.2 38.4% 7 IBIZA LEIB 13.4-36% 30.6 43.7% 8 FRANKFURT MAIN EDDF 13.4 17% 29.3 45.7% 9 LISBOA LPPT 13.0-21% 28.3 46.1% 10 ISTANBUL-ATATURK LTBA 12.4-25% 24.9 49.7% 11 LONDON/LUTON EGGW 12.3-40% 34.8 35.3% 12 ALICANTE LEAL 12.3-39% 28.9 42.5% 13 LONDON/HEATHROW EGLL 11.5-8% 29.4 39.1% 14 FERIHEGY- BUDAPEST LHBP 11.0-27% 30.0 36.8% 15 NICE LFMN 11.0-38% 25.9 42.6% 16 DUBLIN EIDW 11.0-19% 29.4 37.5% 17 MILANO MALPENSA LIMC 10.6-36% 29.6 35.7% 18 BIRMINGHAM EGBB 10.5-22% 32.9 32.0% 19 ATHINAI E. VENIZELOS LGAV 10.5-7% 24.4 43.0% 20 MALAGA LEMG 10.4-42% 27.9 37.3% Figure 13. Main delay causes at the top 10 affected arrival airports When analysing the Top 20 affected arrival airports: Seasonal leisure destinations feature in the Top 20 with these airports seeing high shares in reactionary delays. Frankfurt suffered particularly from weather delays. Further information regarding departure delays can be found on page 7. EUROCONTROL 11 CODA
* For non ECAC airports the statistics only concern flights to ECAC airports. Figure 14. Link between CODA Causes and IATA delay codes. 4. Summary of Significant Events in Summer 2011. High winds, thunderstorms and low visibility affected: Frankfurt Main, Madrid Barajas and London Heathrow (May) ATC industrial action: Italy (6 th May) Greece (11 th May), France (31 st May). Thunderstorms, high winds and rain affected: London Heathrow and Munich (June). Frankfurt Main: New control tower implementation (13 th & 14 th June). ATC Industrial action: Greece (28 th & 29 th June). ATC capacity delays: Barcelona, Madrid and Athens & Marseille. (July) Thunderstorms, high winds and rain affected: London Heathrow and Munich (June). High seasonal weather delays: Amsterdam, Heathrow, Paris, Zurich. Frankfurt particularly from thunderstorms (August) ATC capacity delays: Barcelona, Madrid, Langen and Marseille. (August) ATC industrial action: Italy (22 nd Sep), Greece (6 th Sep) delays experienced in Athens, flight cancellations estimated 1,800. EUROCONTROL 12 CODA
A. Year-on-Year Trends in All-Causes Delay Indicators This annex summarises the year-on-year trends in the main indicators of delay from all causes. A flight is considered delayed from 5 minutes. This is based on CODA data covering 63% of all ECAC flights in Summer 2011. Figure 15. Average all-causes delay/delayed flight (departures left, arrivals right) Figure 16. Percentage of flights delayed for all-causes delay (departures left, arrivals right) Figure 17. Percentage of flights delayed > 15mins for all causes (departures left, arrivals right) EUROCONTROL 13 CODA
B. Busiest Airport pairs Figure 18. Busiest airport pairs for flights in Summer 2011 Rank Between airport and airport Flights/Day MAY11- SEP11 Change since MAY10-SEP10 (%) 1 MADRID BARAJAS BARCELONA 73.1 4% 2 ISTANBUL-ATATURK IZMIR-ADNAN- MENDERES 55.9 19% 3 PALMA DE MALLORCA BARCELONA 50.0 4% 4 TOULOUSE BLAGNAC PARIS ORLY 47.6 0% 5 BERGEN/FLESLAND OSLO/GARDERMOEN 47.1 5% 6 ISTANBUL-ATATURK ANTALYA 46.7 25% 7 NICE PARIS ORLY 45.6 3% 8 ROME FIUMICINO MILANO LINATE 45.1-3% 9 GUERNSEY JERSEY 44.9 4% 10 LAS PALMAS TENERIFE NORTE 44.8 11% 11 TRONDHEIM/VAERNES OSLO/GARDERMOEN 44.5 7% 12 MADRID BARAJAS PALMA DE MALLORCA 42.5-1% 13 CATANIA FONTANAROSSA ROME FIUMICINO 41.4 5% 14 STAVANGER/SOLA OSLO/GARDERMOEN 40.1 4% 15 FUERTEVENTURA LAS PALMAS 40.0 16% 16 MUENCHEN 2 TEGEL-BERLIN 39.6 0% 17 DUESSELDORF MUENCHEN 2 39.3-6% 18 HAMBURG MUENCHEN 2 39.0-2% 19 FRANKFURT MAIN TEGEL-BERLIN 38.2 4% 20 LAS PALMAS ARRECIFE LANZAROTE 38.0-4% There were 2.3% more flights in the EUROCONTROL Statistical Reference Area (ESRA) in Summer 2011 than in 2010, although growth was lifted by the effects of the May 2010 volcanic ash and strike related cancellations. All but one of the Top 10 pairs saw increases in flights. Growth in the Turkish domestic market is still prevalent in Figure 18 with routes to Izmir and Antalya from Istanbul seeing increases in the number of flights of 19% and 25% respectively. EUROCONTROL 14 CODA
C. All-causes departure delay by hour This annex summarises the all-cause delay by hour of the day and major causes. Figure 19. All-causes departure delay by hour of the day. Summer 2011 Figure 20. All-causes departure delay by hour of the day. Summer 2010 EUROCONTROL 15 CODA
D. Average Delay per Delayed Flight & Percentage of Flights Delayed at Departure Airports For airports with an average of more than 80 departures a day, this annex summarises the average delay per delayed flight (ADD) on departure and percentage of flights delayed (PDF) on departure in the month. Figure 21. ADD v PDF Summer 2011 (2011 top 20 airports for average delay/flight are labelled) Figure 22. ADD v PDF Summer 2010 (2011 top 20 airports for average delay/flight are labelled) EUROCONTROL 16 CODA
E. Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations Delay Parameter Abbreviations TTF TRF TDF PRF PDF TDM ADM ADR ADD Total Flights Total Regulated Flights Total Delayed Flights Percentage of Regulated Flights Percentage of Delayed Flights Total Delay in Minutes Average Delay per Movement Average Delay per Regulated Flight Average Delay per Delayed Flight Glossary of Terms ACC AEA ATFM ATFCM ATS CFMU CODA ECAC FDPS FMP IACA IATA ILS Area Control Centre Association of European Airlines Air Traffic Flow Management (used by IATA in the Standard IATA Delay Codes) Air Traffic Flow and Capacity Management (used by CFMU as a more comprehensive reference to the function) Air Traffic Services Central Flow Management Unit Central Office for Delay Analysis European Civil Aviation Conference Flight Data Processing System Flow Management Position International Air Carrier Association International Air Transport Association Instrument Landing System EUROCONTROL 17 CODA
F. Standard IATA Delay Codes Others 00-05 AIRLINE INTERNAL CODES 06 (OA) NO GATE/STAND AVAILABILITY DUE TO OWN AIRLINE ACTIVITY 09 (SG) SCHEDULED GROUND TIME LESS THAN DECLARED MINIMUM GROUND TIME Passenger and Baggage 11 (PD) LATE CHECK-IN, acceptance after deadline 12 (PL) LATE CHECK-IN, congestions in check-in area 13 (PE) CHECK-IN ERROR, passenger and baggage 14 (PO) OVERSALES, booking errors 15 (PH) BOARDING, discrepancies and paging, missing checked-in passenger 16 (PS) COMMERCIAL PUBLICITY/PASSENGER CONVENIENCE, VIP, press, ground meals and missing personal items 17 (PC) CATERING ORDER, late or incorrect order given to supplier 18 (PB) BAGGAGE PROCESSING, sorting etc. 19 (PW) REDUCED MOBILITY, boarding / deboarding of passengers with reduced mobility. Cargo and Mail 21 (CD) DOCUMENTATION, errors etc. 22 (CP) LATE POSITIONING 23 (CC) LATE ACCEPTANCE 24 (CI) INADEQUATE PACKING 25 (CO) OVERSALES, booking errors 26 (CU) LATE PREPARATION IN WAREHOUSE 27 (CE) DOCUMENTATION, PACKING etc (Mail Only) 28 (CL) LATE POSITIONING (Mail Only) 29 (CA) LATE ACCEPTANCE (Mail Only) Aircraft and Ramp Handling 31 (GD) AIRCRAFT DOCUMENTATION LATE/INACCURATE, weight and balance, general declaration, pax manifest, etc. 32 (GL) LOADING/UNLOADING, bulky, special load, cabin load, lack of loading staff 33 (GE) LOADING EQUIPMENT, lack of or breakdown, e.g. container pallet loader, lack of staff 34 (GS) SERVICING EQUIPMENT, lack of or breakdown, lack of staff, e.g. steps 35 (GC) AIRCRAFT CLEANING 36 (GF) FUELLING/DEFUELLING, fuel supplier 37 (GB) CATERING, late delivery or loading 38 (GU) ULD, lack of or serviceability 39 (GT) TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT, lack of or breakdown, lack of staff, e.g. pushback Technical and Aircraft Equipment 41 (TD) AIRCRAFT DEFECTS. 42 (TM) SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE, late release. 43 (TN) NON-SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE, special checks and/or additional works beyond normal maintenance schedule. 44 (TS) SPARES AND MAINTENANCE EQUIPMENT, lack of or breakdown. 45 (TA) AOG SPARES, to be carried to another station. 46 (TC) AIRCRAFT CHANGE, for technical reasons. 47 (TL) STAND-BY AIRCRAFT, lack of planned stand-by aircraft for technical reasons. 48 (TV) SCHEDULED CABIN CONFIGURATION/VERSION ADJUSTMENTS. Damage to Aircraft & EDP/Automated Equipment Failure 51 (DF) DAMAGE DURING FLIGHT OPERATIONS, bird or lightning strike, turbulence, heavy or overweight landing, collision during taxiing 52 (DG) DAMAGE DURING GROUND OPERATIONS, collisions (other than during taxiing), loading/off-loading damage, contamination, towing, extreme weather conditions 55 (ED) DEPARTURE CONTROL 56 (EC) CARGO PREPARATION/DOCUMENTATION 57 (EF) FLIGHT PLANS 58 (EO) OTHER AUTOMATED SYSTEM EUROCONTROL 18 CODA
Flight Operations and Crewing 61 (FP) FLIGHT PLAN, late completion or change of, flight documentation 62 (FF) OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS, fuel, load alteration 63 (FT) LATE CREW BOARDING OR DEPARTURE PROCEDURES, other than connection and standby (flight deck or entire crew) 64 (FS) FLIGHT DECK CREW SHORTAGE, sickness, awaiting standby, flight time limitations, crew meals, valid visa, health documents, etc. 65 (FR) FLIGHT DECK CREW SPECIAL REQUEST, not within operational requirements 66 (FL) LATE CABIN CREW BOARDING OR DEPARTURE PROCEDURES, other than connection and standby 67 (FC) CABIN CREW SHORTAGE, sickness, awaiting standby, flight time limitations, crew meals, valid visa, health documents, etc. 68 (FA) CABIN CREW ERROR OR SPECIAL REQUEST, not within operational requirements 69 (FB) CAPTAIN REQUEST FOR SECURITY CHECK, extraordinary Weather 71 (WO) DEPARTURE STATION 72 (WT) DESTINATION STATION 73 (WR) EN ROUTE OR ALTERNATE 75 (WI) DE-ICING OF AIRCRAFT, removal of ice and/or snow, frost prevention excluding unserviceability of equipment 76 (WS) REMOVAL OF SNOW, ICE, WATER AND SAND FROM AIRPORT 77 (WG) GROUND HANDLING IMPAIRED BY ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS ATFM + AIRPORT + GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITIES AIR TRAFFIC FLOW MANAGEMENT RESTRICTIONS 81 (AT) ATFM due to ATC EN-ROUTE DEMAND/CAPACITY, standard demand/capacity problems 82 (AX) ATFM due to ATC STAFF/EQUIPMENT EN-ROUTE, reduced capacity caused by industrial action or staff shortage, equipment failure, military exercise or extraordinary demand due to capacity reduction in neighbouring area 83 (AE) ATFM due to RESTRICTION AT DESTINATION AIRPORT, airport and/or runway closed due to obstruction, industrial action, staff shortage, political unrest, noise abatement, night curfew, special flights 84 (AW) ATFM due to WEATHER AT DESTINATION AIRPORT AND GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITIES 85 (AS) MANDATORY SECURITY 86 (AG) IMMIGRATION, CUSTOMS, HEALTH 87 (AF) AIRPORT FACILITIES, parking stands, ramp congestion, lighting, buildings, gate limitations, etc. 88 (AD) RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPORT OF DESTINATION, airport and/or runway closed due to obstruction, industrial action, staff shortage, political unrest, noise abatement, night curfew, special flights 89 (AM) RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPORT OF DEPARTURE WITH OR WITHOUT ATFM RESTRICTIONS, including Air Traffic Services, start-up and pushback, airport and/or runway closed due to obstruction or weather 3, industrial action, staff shortage, political unrest, noise abatement, night curfew, special flights Reactionary 91 (RL) LOAD CONNECTION, awaiting load from another flight 92 (RT) THROUGH CHECK-IN ERROR, passenger and baggage 93 (RA) AIRCRAFT ROTATION, late arrival of aircraft from another flight or previous sector 94 (RS) CABIN CREW ROTATION, awaiting cabin crew from another flight 95 (RC) CREW ROTATION, awaiting crew from another flight (flight deck or entire crew) 96 (RO) OPERATIONS CONTROL, re-routing, diversion, consolidation, aircraft change for reasons other than technical Miscellaneous 97 (MI) INDUSTRIAL ACTION WITH OWN AIRLINE 98 (MO) INDUSTRIAL ACTION OUTSIDE OWN AIRLINE, excluding ATS 99 (MX) OTHER REASON, not matching any code above SOURCE: IATA Airport Handling Manual (Chapter AHM 011) 3 Restriction due to weather in case of ATFM regulation only, else refer to code 71 (WO) EUROCONTROL 19 CODA
G. Correlation between IATA Delay Codes and the CFMU Reasons for Regulation Reason for Regulation CORRELATION BETWEEN IATA DELAY CODES AND THE CFMU REASONS FOR REGULATION CFMU IATA CODE Regulation Location Example CODE Delay Cause C D 89 RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPORT OF DEPARTURE ATC capacity C E Demand exceeds the capacity 81 ATFM due to ATC ENROUTE DEMAND/CAPACITY C A 83 ATFM due to RESTRICTION AT DESTINATION AIRPORT I D 89 RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPORT OF DEPARTURE ATC Ind action I E Controller's strike 82 ATFM due to ATC STAFF/EQUIPMENT ENROUTE I A 83 ATFM due to RESTRICTION AT DESTINATION AIRPORT ATC Routeings R E Phasing in of new procedures 81 ATFM due to ATC ENROUTE DEMAND/CAPACITY S D 89 RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPORT OF DEPARTURE ATC Staffing S E Illness, traffic delays on the highway 82 ATFM due to ATC STAFF/EQUIPMENT ENROUTE S A 83 ATFM due to RESTRICTION AT DESTINATION AIRPORT T D 89 RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPORT OF DEPARTURE ATC equipment T E Radar failure, RTF failure 82 ATFM due to ATC STAFF/EQUIPMENT ENROUTE T A 83 ATFM due to RESTRICTION AT DESTINATION AIRPORT Accident / Incident A D RWY23 closed due to accident 89 RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPORT OF DEPARTURE A A 83 ATFM due to RESTRICTION AT DESTINATION AIRPORT Aer odrome capacity G D Lack of parking; taxiway closure; areas closed for maintenance; 87 AIRPORT FACILITIES G A demand exceeds the declared airport capacity 87 AIRPORT FACILITIES De-Icing D D De-icing 89 RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPORT OF DEPARTURE Equipment non- ATC E D Runway or taxiway lighting failure 87 AIRPORT FACILITIES E A 87 AIRPORT FACILITIES Ind Action non-atc Env Military activity Special Event Weather ironmental issues Other N D Firemen's strike 98 INDUSTRIAL ACTION OUTSIDE OWN AIRLINE N A 98 INDUSTRIAL ACTION OUTSIDE OWN AIRLINE M D 89 RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPORT OF DEPARTURE M E Brilliant Invader; ODAX 82 ATFM due to ATC STAFF/EQUIPMENT ENROUTE M A 83 ATFM due to RESTRICTION AT DESTINATION AIRPORT P D European football cup; Heads of Government meetings 89 RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPORT OF DEPARTURE P A 83 ATFM due to RESTRICTION AT DESTINATION AIRPORT W D 89 RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPORT OF DEPARTURE W E Thunderstorm; low visibility; X winds 73 WEATHER EN ROUTE OR ALTERNATE W A 84 ATFM due to WEATHER AT DESTINATION V D Noise 89 RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPORT OF DEPARTURE V A 83 ATFM due to RESTRICTION AT DESTINATION AIRPORT O D 89 RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPORT OF DEPARTURE O E Security alert 81 ATFM due to ATC ENROUTE DEMAND/CAPACITY O A 83 ATFM due to RESTRICTION AT DESTINATION AIRPORT EUROCONTROL 20 CODA