APPROVED CHECK PILOT MANUAL

TP 6533E (06/2017) APPROVED CHECK PILOT MANUAL TENTH EDITION JUNE 2017

Copies of this publication may be obtained by contacting the following: The Order Desk MultiMedia Publishing Services Transport Canada (AARA-MPS) 330 Sparks Street Ottawa ON K1A 0N8 Telephone: 1-888-830-4911 (in North America) 613-991-4071 (other countries) Fax: 613-991-1653 E-Mail: MPS@tc.gc.ca Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Transport, 2016. Permission is granted by the Department of Transport, Canada, to copy and/or reproduce the contents of this publication in whole or in part provided that full acknowledgment is given to the Department of Transport, Canada, and that the material be accurately reproduced. While use of this material has been authorized, the Department of Transport, Canada, shall not be responsible for the manner in which the information is presented, nor for any interpretations thereof. It may become obsolete in whole or in part at any time without notice. TP 6533E (06/2017) TC-1005832 Page 2

F O R E W O R D This manual is referred to as the Company Check Pilot Manual in the Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs) Part VII Standards. It contains the standards, policies, procedures and guidelines that pertain to the approved check pilot (ACP) program. It is published for use by both ACPs and Transport Canada Civil Aviation Safety Inspectors (CASIs). Transport Canada approves ACPs and authorizes them to conduct pilot proficiency checks (PPCs) and/or line checks. When performing their duties, ACPs are acting as agents of the Minister pursuant to subsection 4.3(1) of the Aeronautics Act. It is imperative that the standards, policies, procedures and guidelines specified in this manual are followed. Transport Canada CASIs will abide by the policies and procedures outlined in this manual when issuing ACP approvals as well as when conducting flight checks. Initial ACP accreditation and subsequent renewals are based on the need at a particular location or area within a Transport Canada region. Individuals seeking to obtain an ACP accreditation are required to contact their regional Transport Canada office or National Operations to initiate this determination. All dispensations and exemptions from policies described in this manual should be subjected to a Risk Assessment in accordance with Transport Canada Staff Instruction SI-QUA-008 - Risk Management Process for Aviation Safety Activities. For more information and to submit suggestions for amendment, please contact: Transport Canada Commercial Flight Standards (AARTF) Place de Ville Tower C, 6 th Floor 330 Sparks Street Ottawa, ON K1A 0N8 Ce manuel est aussi disponible en français.

R E C O R D O F A C P B U L L E T I N S (1) Bulletins are issued from time to time to communicate procedural changes that need to be implemented in a timely manner. These bulletins may be found on the Transport Canada Approved Check Pilot / Advanced Qualification Programs website. (2) Paper copies of the Approved Check Pilot Manual must incorporate these bulletins. The table below is provided to assist this process. Bulletin Number Title Effective Date Date Entered Initials Page 4

TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION... 8 1.1 Purpose... 8 1.2 Applicability... 8 1.3 Change Process... 8 2.0 REFERENCES, DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS... 9 2.1 Reference Documents... 9 2.2 Transport Canada ACP/AQP Website... 9 2.3 Cancelled Documents... 9 2.4 Definitions and Abbreviations... 9 3.0 ACP PROGRAM AND SERVICES... 16 3.1 ACP Authorities... 16 3.2 Core Responsibilities... 19 3.3 Conflict of Interest... 19 3.4 Liability... 20 3.5 Authorized Persons (Licensing Agents)... 21 3.6 Sponsorship... 21 3.7 Requesting ACP Services... 22 3.8 Flight Check Notification Requirements... 22 3.9 Training Center Evaluator / Approved Check Pilot (TCE/ACP) Initiative... 23 4.0 APPROVED CHECK PILOT (ACP) ACCREDITATION... 25 4.1 General ACP Requirements... 25 4.2 ACP Pilot Proficiency Check (PPC) Requirements... 27 4.3 ACP Medical Certificate Requirements... 27 4.4 ACP (Simulator-Only)... 27 4.5 Establishing Need... 28 4.6 Initial ACP Accreditation... 28 4.7 Step 1 - Initial ACP Accreditation Request & Candidate Pre-Assessment... 28 4.8 Step 2 ACP (Initial) Course... 29 4.9 Step 3 - Knowledge Assessment... 31 4.10 Step 4 - ACP (Initial) Monitor... 32 4.11 Step 5 - Transport Canada Briefing... 32 4.12 Renewal of an ACP Accreditation... 33 4.13 Step 1 ACP Accreditation Renewal Request... 33 4.14 Step 2 - ACP (Recurrent) Course... 33 4.15 Step 3 - ACP (Recurrent) Monitor... 34 4.16 Letter of ACP Accreditation... 35 4.17 Duration (Validity Period) of an ACP Accreditation... 36 4.18 Revocation of an ACP Accreditation... 36 4.19 Cancellation, Suspension, Refusal to Renew, Refusal to Issue or Amend... 36 4.20 Invalid or Expired ACP Accreditation... 36 4.21 ACP Monitor - Cost Recovery... 37 4.22 Administrative ACP Monitoring... 37 Page 5

4.23 Complaints Concerning an ACP s Conduct... 37 5.0 PRINCIPLES OF EVALUATION... 38 5.1 Evaluation Process... 38 5.2 Stages of Evaluation... 38 5.3 Factors Affecting Evaluations... 38 5.4 Evaluation Errors... 39 5.5 Oral Questioning... 41 5.6 The 4-Point Marking Scale... 42 5.7 The 4-Point Marking Scale Technical and Non-Technical Skill Elements... 42 5.8 Technical Skill Element - Aircraft Handling... 42 5.9 Technical Skill Element - Technical Skills and Knowledge... 42 5.10 Non-Technical Skill Element - Cooperation... 43 5.11 Non-Technical Skill Element - Leadership and Managerial Skills... 44 5.12 Non-Technical Skill Element - Situational Awareness... 44 5.13 Non-Technical Skill Element - Decision Making... 45 5.14 Definition of Undesired Aircraft State (UAS)... 46 5.15 Definitions of Effective, Adequate, Poor and Unacceptable... 46 5.16 Deviations and Errors... 47 5.17 4-Point Marking Scale Grading Matrix... 48 5.18 Observing and Grading Technical Skill Elements... 49 5.19 Observing and Grading Non-Technical Skill Elements... 49 5.20 Related Non-Technical Concepts... 50 5.21 Related Non-Technical Concept - Communication... 50 5.22 Related Non-Technical Concept - Automation... 51 5.23 Related Non-Technical Concept - Threat and Error Management (TEM)... 52 6.0 CONDUCT OF THE FLIGHT CHECK... 55 6.1 Aim of a Flight Check... 55 6.2 Pilot Proficiency Check (PPC)... 55 6.3 Line Check... 56 6.4 Combined Single-Pilot and Multi-Crew PPCs... 56 6.5 Combining PPCs with Other Assessments... 57 6.6 PPC - Simulator... 57 6.7 PPC and Line Check - Aircraft... 59 6.8 PPC Conducted in Both a Simulator and Aircraft... 61 6.9 PPC Seat Substitutes... 61 6.10 PPC Crew Pairing - Simulator... 62 6.11 Flight Crew Jeopardy - PPC... 62 6.12 Repeating a Flight Test Exercise... 63 6.13 Current Publications and FMS Databases... 64 6.14 Aircraft Grouping (Aeroplane) Grouping - PPC... 64 6.15 Creating an Observable Environment (ACP Conduct)... 65 6.16 Participants and Observers... 65 6.17 Note Taking... 65 6.18 Flight Training versus Flight Checking... 66 Page 6

6.19 Maximum Number of Flight Checks... 66 6.20 Prior Training Involvement - PPC... 66 6.21 Knowledge of an Operator s Documentation... 67 6.22 Phases of a Flight Check PPC... 67 6.23 Phases of a Flight Check Line Check... 67 6.24 Introduction and Administration PPC and Line Check... 67 6.25 Establishing Candidate(s) Eligibility - PPC... 68 6.26 Establishing Candidate(s) Eligibility - Line Check... 69 6.27 Flight Check Briefing PPC... 70 6.28 Flight Check Briefing Line Check... 74 6.29 Ground Assessment - PPC... 75 6.30 Ground Assessment Line Check... 76 6.31 Pre-Flight Briefing PPC... 76 6.32 Pre-Flight Briefing Line Check... 77 6.33 Air Assessment PPC... 77 6.34 Air Assessment Line Check... 77 6.35 Post Flight Debrief PPC... 77 6.36 Post Flight Debrief Line Check... 77 6.37 Incomplete Flight Check Attempt... 77 6.38 Unsuccessful Flight Check Attempt... 78 6.39 Downgrading a PPC... 78 6.40 Flight Check Debrief... 78 6.41 The Traditional (Flight Check) Debrief... 79 6.42 The Facilitated (Flight Check) Debrief... 80 6.43 The C-A-L Model... 82 6.44 Debriefing An Unsuccessful Attempt PPC and Line Check... 83 6.45 Training Subsequent to an Unsuccessful Attempt PPC... 84 6.46 Training Subsequent to an Unsuccessful Attempt Line Check... 84 6.47 Flight Check Re-Attempt... 84 7.0 ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURES... 86 7.1 ACP Record Keeping Responsibilities... 86 7.2 Assigning Temporary Privileges Authorized Person Responsibilities... 86 7.3 Individual Type Ratings... 86 7.4 Instrument Ratings... 87 7.5 General Administrative Procedures Successful PPC Attempt... 87 7.6 General Administrative Procedures Unsuccessful PPC Attempt... 87 7.7 Rights of Appeal - PPC... 88 7.8 Flight Test Report - Pilot Proficiency Check form (Form 26-0249 or 26-0279)... 88 7.9 Calculating Valid To Dates for PPCs... 96 7.10 Flight Crew Permit / Licence Application for Endorsement of a Rating form (Form 26-0083)... 97 7.11 Aviation Document Booklet (ADB)... 102 7.12 Temporary Licence (Form 26-0266)... 102 7.13 Certification of Additional Privileges Card (Form 26-0267)... 103 APPENDIX A - SAFE CHECKING PRACTICES... 105 Page 7

1.0 INTRODUCTION (1) The approved check pilot (ACP) program is a service which provides prompt, reliable and objective flight checking. (2) Overall administration of the ACP program, including policy setting and standardization is the responsibility of Transport Canada Commercial Flight Standards (AARTF). ACP selection, on-site assessments, briefings, ACP accreditation and monitoring is the responsibility of Transport Canada s regional offices and National Operations. 1.1 Purpose (1) The purpose of the Approved Check Pilot Manual is to provide policy, direction and guidance for the nomination, training, ACP accreditation and monitoring of ACPs. This manual also provides policy, direction and guidance with respect to flight checking, namely Pilot Proficiency Check (PPCs) and line checks. 1.2 Applicability (1) This document is applicable to all individuals, organizations, and Transport Canada Civil Aviation (TCCA) employees accredited by the Minister as authorized by Part 1, Section 4.3(1) of the Aeronautics Act. 1.3 Change Process (1) Refer to ACP/AQP bulletins on the Transport Canada Approved Check Pilot/Advanced Qualification Program website. Page 8

2.0 REFERENCES, DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS 2.1 Reference Documents (1) The following are to be used in conjunction with this manual: (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (j) Aeronautics Act (R.S., 1985, c. A-2); Part IV, Subpart 401 of the Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs) Personnel Licensing and Training; Part VI, Subpart 604 of the CARs Private Operator and Passenger Transportation; Part VII, Subpart 702 of the CARs Aerial Work Operations; Part VII, Subpart 703 of the CARs Air Taxi Operations; Part VII, Subpart 704 of the CARs Commuter Operations; Part VII, Subpart 705 of the CARs Airline Operations; Transport Canada Publication TP 9685 Aeroplane and Rotorcraft Simulator Manual; TP 14727- Pilot Proficiency Check and Aircraft Type Rating Flight Test Guide (Aeroplane); and TP 14728 - Pilot Proficiency Check and Aircraft Type Rating Flight Test Guide (Helicopter). 2.2 Transport Canada ACP/AQP Website (1) The Transport Canada Approved Check Pilot/Advanced Qualification Program website provides additional information (such as ACP bulletins) to the ACP community. This website is located at: https://www.tc.gc.ca/eng/civilaviation/standards/commerce-operationalstandards-acp-menu- 380.htm 2.3 Cancelled Documents (1) Not applicable. (2) By default, it is understood that the publication of a new edition of a document automatically renders any earlier editions of the same document null and void. 2.4 Definitions and Abbreviations (1) The following definitions are applicable to this document: Accreditation - An official authorization to conduct flight checks which is conditional upon a person s qualifications and the continued need for assistance in carrying out the powers, duties and functions of the Minister. See Delegation (by Minister). ACP (Initial) Course - A course designed for an initial ACP candidate that meets all the competency objectives detailed in the Approved Check Pilot Program Course Training Standard (RDIMS 5154456). ACP (Initial) Monitor - An initial assessment to confirm that an ACP candidate can adequately conduct a PPC and/or a line check and complete the necessary documentation. These assessments are conducted by a Transport Canada Civil Aviation Safety Inspector (CASI). Page 9

(d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (j) (k) (l) (m) (n) (o) (p) (q) (r) (s) (t) (u) (v) ACP (Recurrent) Course - A course designed for a recurrent ACP candidate that meets competency objectives detailed in the Approved Check Pilot Program Course Training Standard (RDIMS 5154456). ACP (Recurrent) Monitor - A recurring assessment to confirm that an ACP candidate can adequately conduct a PPC and complete the necessary documentation. These assessments are conducted by a Transport Canada CASI. ACP (Simulator Only) - An ACP without a medical certificate who is authorized to conduct PPCs in a simulator only. ACP (Type A) - An ACP who is authorized to conduct PPCs and line checks (Subpart 705 of the CARs only). ACP (Type B) - An ACP who is authorized to conduct line checks (Subpart 705 of the CARs only). ACP (VFR Only) - An ACP who is authorized to conduct PPC/VFR flight checks only. Airborne PPC - The airborne portion of a PPC that is conducted in conjunction with the simulator portion of the PPC. This may be as a result of a simulator s level of approval and fidelity, the particulars of an approved training program or the status of the candidate. Aircraft Operating Manual (AOM) - A pilot operating manual, a pilot operating handbook (POH), a flight crew operating manual (FCOM) or a manual established by the operator for the use and guidance of flight crewmembers in the operations of its aircraft. Aircraft PPC - A PPC that is conducted entirely in an aircraft. Approved Check Pilot (ACP) - A person holding an official authorization to conduct flight checks on behalf of the Minister of Transport pursuant to Part 1, Section 4.3(1) of the Aeronautics Act. Authorized Person - A person who is delegated the authority to act as a Licensing Agent for the purpose of issuing temporary privileges (i.e., type ratings and/or instrument ratings) in the candidate s Aviation Document Booklet (ADB) or by signing the additional privileges section on the back of the candidate s temporary license or by completing the certification of an Additional Privileges Card (Form 26-0267). Canadian Aviation Document (CAD) - Subject to subsection (3) of the Aeronautics Act, any licence, permit, accreditation, certificate or other document issued by the Minister under Part I of the Aeronautics Act to or with respect to any person or in respect of any aeronautical product, aerodrome, facility or service. Certificate Certificate means an air operator certificate in this document. Civil Aviation Inspector (CAI) - Predecessor of Civil Aviation Safety Inspector (CASI) Civil Aviation Safety Inspector (CASI) - A Transport Canada inspector who is trained and authorized to conduct flight checks and ACP (initial and recurrent) monitors. Commercial Air Service Standards (CASS) - CARs Standards published under the authority of the Minister that apply in respect of commercial air services operated by air operators. Referred to as the CARs Standard(s) in this manual. Company Check Pilot Manual (TP6533) - Predecessor of the Approved Check Pilot Manual (TP6533). This document is formally referenced in (i.e., enabled by) the CARs and Standards. Company Employee - A person that is employed on a part time basis, full time basis or on contract on a seasonal basis. Competency Check - A check conducted under Subpart 604 or the CARs. See CARs 604.142(4) for ACP applicability. Also, a check applicable to some operators under Page 10

(w) (x) (y) (z) (aa) (bb) (cc) (dd) (ee) (ff) (gg) (hh) Subpart 702 and 703 of the CARs. See CARs 702.66(1) and 703.90(1) for ACP applicability. Conduct - To take an active role in all phases of a flight check, including pre-flight preparation, the briefing, the control and pace of the various sequences, the assessment of the flight check candidate's performance, the debrief and the completion of the required documents including certification of the candidate's licence. Contemporary Crew Resource Management (Contemporary CRM) - The current expression of crew resource management (CRM). Contemporary CRM integrates technical skill development with communications and crew coordination training and operational risk management by applying threat and error management (TEM) concepts. Crew Resource Management (CRM) - The effective utilization of all available resources to achieve safe and efficient operations. The objective of CRM is to enhance communications, human factors and management skills of the crew members concerned. Emphasis is placed on the non-technical aspects of crew performance. Delegation (by Minister) - An approval by the Minister authorizing any person or class of persons to exercise or perform, subject to any restrictions or conditions that the Minister may specify, any of the powers, duties or functions of the Minister under Part 1 of the Aeronautics Act, other than the power to make a regulation, an order, a security measure or an emergency direction. See Accreditation. Deviation A quantifiable measurement of a variation in precision from a specified flight test exercise tolerance. Deviations are incorporated in the aircraft handling skill element of the 4-Point Marking Scale. Error - A qualitative assessment of an action or inaction by a flight crew that leads to a variation from flight crew intentions or expectations. Errors are incorporated in the technical skills and knowledge element of the 4-Point Marking Scale. Flight Check - In this manual, refers to a PPC or line check. Flight Test Exercise - A manoeuvre, task or item listed in the following: (iv) Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs) Standards; Transport Canada Publication TP 14727 - Pilot Proficiency Check and Aircraft Type Rating - Flight Test Guide (Aeroplane); TP 14728 - Pilot Proficiency Check and Aircraft Type Rating - Flight Test Guide (Helicopter); and Transport Canada Form 26-0249 or 26-0279 - Flight Test Report - Pilot Proficiency Check form. Flight Simulation Training Device (FSTD) - A Transport Canada-approved full-flight simulator or flight training device as defined in the Aeroplane and Rotorcraft Simulator Manual (TP9685) and certified in accordance with Section 606.03 of the CARs. Flight Training and Aviation Education (FTAE) - A Transport Canada computer system designed to utilize data compiled from flight test reports and written examination answer sheets. IFR-Related Sequence - A flight test exercise that is associated with instrument flight procedures such as, but not limited to, flight planning, standard instrument departures (SIDs), holds, standard terminal arrival routes (STARs), instrument approaches and missed approaches. Instrument Proficiency Check (IPC) - A recurring event to confirm retention of a level of proficiency that meets the standards of performance required for the issuance of an instrument rating. Refer to Advisory Circular (AC) 401-004. Page 11

(jj) (kk) (ll) (mm) (nn) (oo) (pp) (qq) (rr) (ss) (tt) (uu) (vv) (ww) (xx) (yy) (zz) Licensing Agents - see Authorized Person. Line Check - A flight check conducted in accordance with Paragraph 705.106(1)(d) of the CARs which is undertaken upon completion of line indoctrination. Line Check Pilot - An individual currently employed as a pilot-in-command by a Subpart 705 of the CARs operator who is appointed to conduct line checks under the operator s line check program. These line checks exclude those required for extended twin engine operations (ETOPS), cruise relief pilot (CRP) and RNAV operations. Manager, Simulator Program (MSP) The person responsible (at Transport Canada) for the overall administration and operation of the National Simulator Evaluation Program (NSEP). Missing, Malfunction or Inoperative (MMI) Components Under the FAA, a component of the Flight Simulator Training Device (FSTD) that is required to be present and correctly operate for the satisfactory completion of a manoeuver, procedure, or task. Non-Technical Skill Elements - In this manual, refers to cooperation, leadership and managerial skills, situational awareness and decision making. Non-technical skill elements are incorporated in the 4-point marking scale. Operator - means the holder of an air operator certificate under Part VII of the CARs or the holder of a private operator registration document under Subpart 604 of the CARs. Pilot Flying (PF) - The term pilot flying (PF) refers to the pilot responsible for managing the current and projected flight path of the aircraft in a multi-crew crew cockpit. Pilot-In-Command (PIC) - In relation to an aircraft, the pilot having responsibility and authority for the operation and safety of the aircraft during flight time. Pilot Monitoring (PM) - The term pilot monitoring (PM) replaces pilot not flying (PNF). The PM is responsible for monitoring the current and future projected flight path vector of the aircraft in a multi-crew cockpit. Pilot Not Flying (PNF) Pilot not flying (PNF) has been replaced by pilot monitoring (PM) in this manual. See pilot monitoring (PM) Pilot Proficiency Check (PPC) - A flight check conducted by an approved check pilot (ACP) or Civil Aviation Safety Inspector (CASI) in accordance with the appropriate PPC Schedule specified in Part VII Standards of the CARs. Plan of Action Terminology adopted from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). A plan of action is similar to a scripted PPC, however is less formal. It is a tool for the sole use of the ACP to be used in evaluating the candidate. A plan of action contains a list of all required flight test exercises from the appropriate Part VII Standard of the CARs - PPC Schedule and may also include (as appropriate) one or more scenarios that group several required flight test exercises together. PPC/IFR A pilot proficiency check (PPC) conducted under instrument flight rules (IFR). A PPC/IFR is deemed to meet various requirements of an instrument rating including the initial issuance. PPC/VFR - A pilot proficiency check conducted under visual flight rules (VFR). A PPC/VFR is deemed to meet the requirement for VFR operations only. Principal Operations Inspector (POI) - A designated Transport Canada Civil Aviation Safety Inspector (CASI) assigned to a CARs Part VII operator. Professional Suitability - A demonstrated willingness to work cooperatively with Transport Canada to uphold the principles of aviation safety. Qualified Person - In the case of PPCs conducted in a simulator means: Page 12

(aaa) (bbb) (ccc) (ddd) (eee) (fff) (ggg) a pilot who holds a valid PPC (or foreign equivalent) on the same type of aircraft for which the other candidate is being checked on; a person who has been recommended for a flight check on that aircraft type; or a qualified training pilot on the same type of aircraft for which the candidate is being checked on, and that person is acceptable to both the operator and the PPC candidate. Safety Pilot - In the case of a multi-crew aircraft, a training pilot or a pilot who holds a valid PPC on the same type of aircraft on which the candidate is being checked. Scripted PPC - A document that governs the events presented to candidates during a PPC that is conducted in a simulator. The script provides a detailed plan for the execution of all mandatory flight test exercises (i.e., manoeuvres) in accordance with the Part VII Standard of the CARs PPC Schedule. Additional information such as Air Traffic Control (ATC) communications and simulator device instructions are provided. Second-In-Command (SIC) - In relation to an aircraft, a pilot who reports to the pilot-incommand (PIC) on an aircraft type certificated for, or in operations requiring more than one required pilot flight crewmember. Synonymous with first officer (F/O) in this document. Simulator Component Inoperative Guide (SCIG) Under Transport Canada, a guide providing relief from initial simulator approval requirements. Simulator PPC - A PPC conducted in a full-flight simulator. Special Authorization - The authorizations, conditions and limitations associated with the air operator certificate (AOC) and subject to the conditions in the operations manual. The term special authorization replaces operations specification (Ops Spec). Standard Operating Procedure(s) (SOPs) - procedures established by an operator enabling the crewmembers to operate the aircraft within the limitations specified in the aircraft flight manual (AFM), aircraft operating manual (AOM), and/or company operations manual (COM). (hhh) TCE/ACP - An ACP who gains their qualification on the basis of their FAA (Part 142) training center evaluator (TCE) qualification and experience. (jjj) (kkk) (lll) Technical Skill Elements - In this manual, refers to aircraft handling and technical skills and knowledge. Technical skill elements are incorporated in the 4-Point Marking Scale. Threat and Error Management (TEM) - Threat and error management (TEM) can be considered defensive flying. It equips a pilot with skills and behaviour to recognize and avoid problems which if ignored or left unattended could result in an undesired aircraft state (UAS) and possibly lead to an incident or accident. TEM proposes that threats, errors and even undesired aircraft states (such as an altitude deviation) are everyday occurrences that pilots must manage to maintain safety. TEM is central to contemporary CRM. Training Pilot - A pilot who meets the requirements of the applicable Part VII Standard of the CARs. Transportation Appeal Tribunal of Canada (TATC) - A quasi-judicial body established in 2003 pursuant to the Transportation Appeal Tribunal of Canada Act. The Tribunal replaced the Civil Aviation Tribunal, which was established under Part IV of the Aeronautics Act in 1986. (mmm) Undesired Aircraft State (UAS) - An aircraft position, speed, attitude or configuration that results from a flight crew error, action or omission which clearly reduces safety margins. Page 13

(nnn) (ooo) Upgrade Training - The training undertaken by a second-in-command (SIC) to qualify as a pilot-in-command (PIC). Vital action - An action that must be taken by the flight crew to alleviate a situation that could jeopardize safety of flight, taken in a timely manner consistent with the AOM or SOPs as appropriate. (2) The following abbreviations are applicable to this document: (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (j) (k) (l) (m) (n) (o) (p) (q) (r) (s) (t) (u) (v) (w) (x) (y) (z) (aa) (bb) (cc) (dd) (ee) ACP - Approved Check Pilot; ADO - Associate Director, Operations; AFM - Aircraft Flight Manual; AOM - Aircraft Operating Manual; ATC - Air Traffic Control; ATPL - Airline Transport Pilot Licence, AA Aeroplane; AH Helicopter; CAI - Transport Canada Civil Aviation Inspector. Predecessor of Civil Aviation Safety Inspector (CASI); CARs - Canadian Aviation Regulations; CASI - Civil Aviation Safety Inspector; CASS - Commercial Air Service Standards; COM - Company Operations Manual; CPL - Commercial Pilot Licence (CA Aeroplane or CH Helicopter); CRP - Cruise Relief Pilot; CRM - Cockpit Resource Management; EASA - European Aviation Safety Agency; ETOPS - Extended Twin Engine Operations; FAA - Federal Aviation Administration; FARs - Federal Aviation Regulations; FCOM - Flight Crew Operations Manual; FOM - Flight Operations Manual; FSTD - Flight Simulation Training Device; HFM - Helicopter Flight Manual; IAP - Instrument Approach Procedure; IFR - Instrument Flight Rules; IFT - Instrument Flight Test; MAP - Missed Approach Point; MMI Missing, Malfunction or Inoperative (components) OPI - Office of Primary Interest; PIC - Pilot-in-Command; PLPM - Personnel Licensing Procedures Manual; PORD - Private Operator Registration Document; Page 14

(ff) PPC - Pilot Proficiency Check; (gg) RFM - Rotorcraft Flight Manual; (hh) SCIG - Simulator Component Inoperative Guide SIC - Second-in-Command; (jj) SID - Standard Instrument Procedure; (kk) SOP - Standard Operating Procedure; (ll) STAR - Standard Terminal Arrival; (mm) TATC - Transportation Appeal Tribunal of Canada; (nn) TCC - Transport Canada Centre; (oo) TC AIM - Transport Canada Aeronautical Information Manual (TP 14371); (pp) TEM - Threat and Error Management; (qq) TTL - Technical Team Lead; (rr) UAS - Undesired Aircraft State. Page 15

3.0 ACP PROGRAM AND SERVICES 3.1 ACP Authorities (1) ACP Services to Part VII of the CARs Operators: An ACP may be authorized to conduct flight checks on select aircraft for which they hold an appropriate (blanket or individual) type rating and which are operated under the following Subparts of the CARs: Subpart 702; Subpart 703; Subpart 704; and (iv) Subpart 705. (2) ACP (Type A) and (Type B): ACPs are classified as either Type A or Type B. ACPs (Type A) are authorized to conduct pilot proficiency checks (PPCs) in an approved simulator and/or an aircraft. They may also be authorized to conduct line checks in aircraft operated under Subpart 705 of the CARs. ACPs (Type B) are authorized to conduct line checks only as required under Subpart 705 of the CARs. ACP (Type B) authorizations are granted when an air operator requires checks of the following: enroute area navigation (RNAV) proficiency; cruise relief pilot certification; and/or extended range twin-engine operations (ETOPs) certification. Note: Refer to CARs Subpart 705.106(1)(d), the CARs Standards and AC 705-003 for more information. (d) Below is a summary of possible ACP authorities: ACP Authorities (Type A) (Type B) PPC/IFR PPC/VFR PPC/IFR (Simulator Only) Line Checks (Subpart 705 of the CARs Only) (e) Where an ACP s (Type A) authority becomes invalid due to an expired ACP monitor, the ACP (Type B) authority to conduct line checks will remain in effect. Page 16

(3) Approved Aircraft Types - Aeroplanes Maximum Number An ACP s accreditation will specify a maximum of three (3) aeroplane types. An ACP or ACP candidate may request an additional two types for a maximum of five (5) aeroplane types. In this case, an ACP or ACP candidate will be required to submit information in support of a risk assessment for the fourth and fifth aeroplane types. Other Possible Limitations (iv) Specific Series / Model(s) of Existing Aeroplane Types (A) Specific series / model(s) of existing aeroplane types may carry significant differences from other series and models captured under the same pilot type rating. Automation and Technology (A) Models of aeroplane equipped with integrated avionics suites, FMSs, EFIS, RNAV/GPS systems, or other advanced flight management and guidance technologies require a large amount of specific end-user knowledge from the ACP. Types and Complexity of Flight Operations (A) For complex flight operations, the use of SOPs becomes increasingly important requiring ACPs to have a comprehensive knowledge of procedures used by the crews being evaluated. Any other reason deemed significant by Transport Canada. All non-high performance, single and multi-engine land and (if endorsed) seaplanes for which an individual type rating is not required are to be considered one (blanket) aeroplane type. Approvals to conduct flight checks on an aeroplane within this blanket type rating may be limited based on knowledge, experience and subject to other conditions detailed in this manual. (4) Approved Aircraft Types - Helicopters Maximum Number (iv) The maximum number of helicopter types that an ACP is authorized to conduct PPCs on will depend if the helicopter is a multi-engine or a single-engine. PPCs that include an instrument procedures portion of the Schedule are conducted on a certified IFR helicopter. An ACP s accreditation will specify one of the following: (A) (B) (C) A maximum of three (3) helicopter types, if two (2) helicopters are twinengines and one (1) is single-engine. A maximum of four (4) helicopter types, if one (1) helicopter is twinengines and three (3) are single-engine. A maximum of five (5) helicopter types, if all five (5) are single-engine. The Minister may further limit the maximum number of types based on the complexity of the helicopter. Page 17

(v) An ACP, or ACP candidate, may request an additional type but only if the type requested is similar to one of the types already listed of the ACP accreditation and the ACP will be required to submit information in support of a risk assessment. Other Possible Limitations (iv) Specific Series / Model(s) of Existing Helicopter Types (A) Specific series / model(s) of existing helicopter types may be deemed to carry significant differences from other series and models captured under the same type rating. Automation and Technology (A) Models of helicopter equipped with integrated avionics suites, Flight Management Systems, EFIS, RNAV/GPS systems, or other advanced flight management and guidance technologies require a large amount of specific end-user knowledge from the ACP. Types and Complexity of Flight Operations (A) For complex flight operations, the use of SOPs becomes increasingly important thus requiring ACPs to have a comprehensive knowledge of procedures used by the crews being evaluated. Any other reason deemed significant by Transport Canada. (5) PPCs Conducted for the Sole Purpose of Issuing a Type Rating (d) ACPs (Type A) are permitted to conduct a PPC on personnel not associated with a Canadian operator provided they are authorized to do so by Transport Canada. Under these circumstances, the candidate must have: completed a recognized program of ground and flight training on the aircraft type. This training may have been delivered by an approved Type Rating and Training Organization (TRTO) or FAR Part 142 Training Center; presented a minimum of 250 hours pilot flight time on aircraft; and passed a pilot proficiency check (PPC) conducted in accordance with Part VII of the CARs as they apply to the aircraft type. Upon successful completion of the PPC, the ACP may assign temporary privileges that include an individual type rating and/or an instrument rating provided the requirements of section 401.06 of the CARs are met. Consult Chapter 7 of this Manual Administrative Procedures when completing the Flight Test Report Pilot Proficiency Check form (Form 26-0249 or 26-0279) for special completion requirements. (6) PPCs Conducted for the Sole Purpose of Issuing an Instrument Rating (d) ACPs (Type A) are permitted to conduct a PPC on personnel who are not associated with a Canadian operator, provided they are authorized to do so by Transport Canada. A successful PPC/IFR meets the skill requirements necessary for the issuance of an instrument rating. ACPs (Type A) may be authorized to issue an instrument rating for pilots employed by an operator but who are not required to pass a pilot proficiency check (PPC). This includes operations that permit a competency check. In this instance the ACP conducts a PPC event. Page 18

(e) Consult Chapter 7 Administrative Procedures when completing the Flight Test Report Pilot Proficiency Check form (Form 26-0249 or 26-0279) for special completion requirements. (7) Additional ACP Authorities In addition to the ACP authorities identified in this manual under Part VII of the CARs, ACPs are authorized under different parts of the CARs to conduct the following flight checks: Competency check under Subpart 604 of the CARs; and Instrument proficiency check (IPC) in accordance with Advisory Circular (AC) 401-004. Details of these authorities are not provided in this manual or the letter of ACP authority. (8) Candidates who are ACPs 3.2 Core Responsibilities An ACP may conduct a PPC on an ACP or CASI candidate without special authorization from Transport Canada. (1) An ACP is responsible for all aspects of their ACP accreditation which also includes administrative duties. (2) An ACP may not exercise their accreditation and must notify Transport Canada if they are involved in any of the following situations: (d) (e) an aviation accident or incident; found to be in violation of the Aeronautics Act or in contravention of the CARs; their own flight check is unsuccessful; no longer in possession of a valid medical certificate; or a status change that may create a potential conflict of interest as outlined in this manual. (3) An ACP is to make themselves available to Transport Canada when required for direct communication as it relates to the performance of the ACP s duties. (4) Conduct and Service 3.3 Conflict of Interest ACPs both support and represent the Minister of Transport in delivering service under the ACP program. An ACP is expected to honour appointments unless circumstances warrant cancellation or postponement. It is the ACP s responsibility to reschedule a flight check if the postponement is at the ACP s request. If an ACP cancels a flight check without rescheduling, the ACP should recommend another ACP or at the very least, direct the operator or individual pilot to the appropriate Transport Canada regional office. As agents of the Minister, ACPs are required to be polite and respectful with flight check candidates and the operators they are employed with. At the same time, ACPs are required to exercise a duty of care and comply with the conflict of interest policy. (1) Conflict of interest is defined as any relationship, whether family, financial or otherwise, that might influence an ACP to act, either knowingly or unknowingly, in a manner that does not hold the safety of the flying public as the primary and highest priority. (2) Perceived versus Real Conflict of Interest Page 19

All ACPs are considered to be in a perceived conflict of interest if they are simultaneously employees (regular or contract) of the operator and delegates of the Minister when performing flight check duties. To avoid a real conflict of interest, it is imperative that ACPs strictly adhere to the policy and guidelines contained in this manual. Lack of adherence to these policies and guidelines may result in a suspension or cancellation of an ACP's accreditation. (3) The following are examples of situations that could be considered a conflict of interest: (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) a financial interest in the company; a direct involvement in company ownership; holding an upper management position, such as that of an accountable executive, director of flight operations or chief pilot; owning a substantial number of voting shares of the company; involvement with a pilot union or association; a particular relationship between an ACP and the flight check candidate such as when the candidate is an operations manager, accountable executive, chief pilot, supervisory pilot or another ACP; having family ties with company owners; and any privileges or favours which could bias an ACP's ability to conduct his or her duties. (4) Declaring Potential Conflicts of Interest (d) An interest, financial or otherwise in a company will not automatically disqualify a candidate from being granted ACP authority. Transport Canada will assess each case with consideration to all circumstances involved. To determine whether an ACP candidate s conflict of interest is real or perceived, he or she will declare to Transport Canada any potential conflict of interest of which they have knowledge. ACPs must be prepared to discuss (at any time) a change to their status with respect to a potential conflict of interest. Should any ACP encounter a situation that they feel might constitute a real conflict of interest, a full report of the circumstances must be immediately submitted to Transport Canada. The final authority for deciding whether there is a conflict of interest that might affect the ACP s ability to conduct an impartial flight check rests with Transport Canada. (5) Obligation to Report Attempts to Obstruct or Influence 3.4 Liability An ACP must immediately notify Transport Canada of any effort by any person(s) to obstruct or influence them in the conduct of their ACP duties. Should this occur, Transport Canada will investigate the incident and take appropriate action. (1) In providing services, ACPs are regarded as agents of the Crown to the extent that they act on behalf of the Minister. (2) The Government of Canada, under the provisions of the Crown Liability and Proceedings Act will indemnify ACPs against personal liability incurred by reason of any act or omission within the scope of their duties. (3) The Government of Canada will make no claim against an ACP for damages the Crown has to pay based upon personal liability provided the ACP acted honestly, without malice, within the Page 20

scope of their ACP accreditation and with a standard of care that a reasonable person in their position engaged in the same activity would take. (4) Additional information regarding ACP Liability can be obtained by consulting the document entitled: Liability through the exercise of Delegated Authority (TP11825). 3.5 Authorized Persons (Licensing Agents) (1) The authorized person accreditation allows an individual to act as a licensing agent for Transport Canada for the purpose of issuing temporary privileges and streamlining the licensing process. ACPs (Type A) are normally delegated this privilege with certain restrictions. (2) ACPs (Type A) with an authorized person accreditation may annotate temporary privileges (i.e., a new aircraft type rating and/or new instrument rating) on a pilot s license. This allows a pilot to immediately exercise a new privilege while waiting for formal documentation to be issued by Transport Canada. (3) Scope of Activities (4) Required Knowledge Unless stated otherwise in a letter of ACP accreditation, an ACP s scope of activities as an authorized person is limited to the aircraft types listed in the letter of ACP accreditation. ACPs (Type A) acquire authorized person knowledge on the ACP (initial or recurrent) course. This training includes information on the following: (5) Documentation (6) Validity Period issuing individual type ratings (Aeroplane or Helicopter) as applicable; issuing initial instrument ratings; and completing the Application for Endorsement of a Rating (Form 26-0083). ACP authorized person privileges are issued with the letter of ACP accreditation. Any extension to the validity period of an ACP (initial or recurrent) course automatically extends authorized person accreditation privileges to the same date with a new validity period calculated in the same manner. (7) ACPs exercising authorized person privileges by processing an application for additional privileges must do the following: 3.6 Sponsorship forward applicable documentation to Transport Canada within five (5) working days; and maintain copies of all documentation supporting the issuance of a rating for which temporary privileges have been granted, for a period of not less than two (2) years. (1) With the prior concurrence of Transport Canada, ACPs may be sponsored by an operator they are employed with. Regardless of the relationship between the ACP and their operator, ACPs act on behalf of the Minister when providing flight check services. Ultimately the responsibility of adhering to ACP program policies and guidance rests with the ACP and not the sponsoring organization. (2) Communications Transport Canada will communicate directly with the ACP, the sponsoring organization or both in relation to an ACP s duties or performance. Page 21

(3) Operator Assistance to Transport Canada The operator may assist Transport Canada with the following: establishing the need for ACPs within that organization; facilitating ACP nominations; and providing ACP training. (4) Administrative ACP Support ACPs sponsored by an operator may, with the concurrence of Transport Canada use the operational infrastructure of a third party such as an operator s system of scheduling flight checks, ACP monitors, and record keeping that meets the intent of this manual. (5) Authorization from the Operator Although representing the Minister while providing flight checking services, ACPs also require the authority of an operator to conduct flight checks on its employees. This authority must be formal and a record of such an authority maintained. 3.7 Requesting ACP Services (1) Canadian operators or individual pilots may obtain ACP services by: Assigning an ACP sponsored by an operator (preferred); Contracting an ACP using the Transport Canada Delegations Information System (DIS) Approved Check Pilot Search website; or Contracting an FAA TCE/ACP at a FAR Part 142 Training Center. Note: This option is currently available at select FAR Part 142 Training Centres located in the United States. (2) In the event that an operator or individual pilot is unable to coordinate the services of an ACP, they are encouraged to contact Transport Canada. (3) Information to be Provided When requesting the services of an ACP, an operator or individual pilot must provide the following information to the ACP: (iv) (v) (vi) type of fight check (i.e., PPC or line check); type of PPC (i.e., Initial, Renewal, or Upgrade) as required; pilot s crew status during the flight check (i.e., pilot-in-command or second-incommand); pilot s crew position (left seat or right seat); type rating and/or instrument rating required; Special Authorizations (formerly known as Ops Specs) requirements for the pilot being assessed (i.e., 600 or 1200 RVR, CAT II/III instrument approaches, GPS instrument approaches, minimum crew without second-in-command, etc.) (4) ACPs must maintain the information above regarding a request for flight check services as part of their record keeping responsibilities. 3.8 Flight Check Notification Requirements (1) Transport Canada must be notified in advance of flight checks conducted by ACPs. While seven (7) days is considered a minimum, procedures vary according to the following: Page 22

whether an ACP is sponsored or not, and which Transport Canada region (or National Operations) is responsible for oversight. (2) ACPs sponsored by an operator must follow notification requirements established between their operator and Transport Canada. ACPs not sponsored by an operator must establish notification requirements directly with their Transport Canada ACP representative. (3) As a minimum, an ACP s flight check schedule must be available upon request to Transport Canada as part of its oversight activities. 3.9 Training Center Evaluator / Approved Check Pilot (TCE/ACP) Initiative (1) Many Canadian pilots receive aircraft type training from training centers located in the United States which are certified under Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Part 142 and service US operators under Parts 91, 135 and 121. (2) The training center evaluator/approved check pilot (TCE/ACP) program was developed to improve ACP services to Canadian operators and takes advantage of the knowledge already acquired by Part 142 TCEs with respect to specific aircraft types and flight checking (namely PPCs). This program is currently administered by Transport Canada s Ontario region. (3) Qualification Requirements (4) Training Where Transport Canada considers delegating the conduct of flight checks under the CARs to individuals qualified to perform similar duties (i.e., Training Center Evaluator (TCE)), such applicants are expected to meet the intent of the various licensing, qualification, experience and currency requirements detailed in the ACP program. This is accomplished by holding licenses and qualifications, possessing a similar level of experience and maintaining currency in a form and manner that would be deemed equivalent by Transport Canada. In meeting the requirements of the ACP program, a unique ACP (initial and recurrent) course may be designed to provide transition training between the FAA and Transport Canada programs taking advantage of common knowledge and skills. (5) Administrative Responsibilities Transport Canada authorized person (i.e., licensing agent) training may or may not be provided under the TCE/ACP program. TCE/ACPs not receiving this training and subsequent authorized person accreditation are precluded from issuing temporary licensing privileges. In cases where the TCE/ACP is not an authorized person, the following applies: Flight Test Reports (A) A copy of the Flight Test Report - Pilot Proficiency Check form (Form 26-0249 or 26-0279) is provided to the client/operator for their records. (B) The original Flight Test Report - Pilot Proficiency Check form (Form 26-0249 or 26-0279) is sent to Transport Canada s Ontario region for processing. Application for a Rating (A) The original Flight Crew Permit / Licence - Application for Endorsement of a Rating form (Form 26-0083) is provided to the client/operator who will be required to contact Transport Canada. Page 23

In order to obtain temporary privileges, pilot candidates are required to present the above documentation together with their completed training documents (e.g., record of training reports) to one of the following authorities for: (A) (B) (C) authorized person within the company they are employed with; Transport Canada s Ontario region; or any TCC personnel. In cases where the TCE/ACP is an authorized person, normal administrative procedures including the issuing of temporary privileges detailed in this manual apply. Page 24

4.0 APPROVED CHECK PILOT (ACP) ACCREDITATION 4.1 General ACP Requirements (1) An ACP candidate must possess the following: (d) (e) Pilot Licence A valid Canadian commercial pilot licence or airline transport pilot licence (ATPL) aeroplane or helicopter. Note: ACP candidates seeking authority to conduct PPC/IFRs require an Airline Transport Pilot License (ATPL). Instrument Rating(s) Type Rating(s) An appropriate and valid instrument rating(s) where IFR operations are involved; or hold a valid Group 4 instrument rating (helicopter) where IFR or night VFR helicopter operations are involved. A type rating on each aircraft type requested on the candidate s application form, where that aircraft requires an individual type rating; Pilot Proficiency Check(s) - Aeroplanes A valid pilot-in-command PPC on the most complex type of aeroplane as determined by the issuing authority. Appropriate and valid certifications if evaluating capabilities (e.g., special authorizations) such as RNP and/or RNP AR, RVR 1200/600/300, CAT II/III, heads up display (HUD), enhanced vision systems (EVS), etc., on the most complex type of aeroplane as determined by the issuing authority. On the remaining aeroplane types, the ACP must demonstrate operational experience or recent exposure within the last 24 months. For each type the following will satisfy this requirement: (A) (B) (C) (D) successfully passing a PPC (or foreign equivalency); recurrent ground school; simulator or aircraft training; or checking experience as a FAA TCE or EASA SFE. Pilot Proficiency Check(s) - Helicopters If authorized to conduct PPCs on a multi-engines helicopter, a valid pilot-incommand PPC on one of the multi-engine helicopter listed on the authorization. If no authorization on multi-engine helicopters, a valid pilot-in-command PPC on one of the single-engine helicopters listed on the authorization. For recency requirement on the remaining helicopter types listed on the authorization, the ACP must be able to demonstrate operational experience or recent exposure within the last 12 months. For each type the following will satisfy this requirement: (A) (B) piloting as a crew member; passing a PPC (or foreign equivalency); Page 25