1836: The Republic of Texas - had captured Santa Anna - release him; sign Treaty of Velasco - many in Texas hoped USA would annex, or incorporate Texas into the Union BUT... how would MEXICO react?! 1
1845: United States annexes Texas as the 28th state in the Union - Congress approves 12/29/1845 Mexican - American War 1846-1848 2
Presidential Election Election of 1844: James K. Polk wins - Democrat - North Carolina Presidential Election Election of 1844: James K. Polk wins - Democrat - North Carolina - wants to expand US territories 3
President Polk Provokes War with Mexico - regional views differed on war North: South: A Timeline of Texas 1836: Republic of Texas 1838: Annex us please? - NO! 1845: Texas becomes the 28th State - Mexico FURIOUS! 4
President Polk Provokes War with Mexico 1845: Polk sends John Slidell to Mexico - purchase CA & NM - confirm Rio Grande as TX border 5
President Polk Provokes War with Mexico 1845: Polk sends John Slidell to Mexico - purchase CA & NM - confirm Rio Grande as TX border President Polk Provokes War with Mexico - Polk sends Zachary Taylor & troops to Mexican border 6
The Mexican - American War - 1846-1848 - Manifest Destiny has sent US into war The Mexican - American War - American troops extremely successful - US troops win in Mexico 7
The Mexican - American War 1846: Colonel Stephen Kearny marches west toward California The Mexican - American War 1846: Colonel Stephen Kearny marches west toward California '46: John C. Fremont reaches Sonoma, CA --> Republic of California! 8
The Mexican - American War - many soldiers fighting who would later be involved in the Civil War Robert E. Lee Ulysses S. Grant Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 1848 - treaty signed, ending war - war enlarged US lands by 1/3 - US pays $15 million for Mexican Cession 9
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo - also means: Mexican citizens now American! - treaty gives protections to these new citizens 10
1848 - Zachary Taylor elected President - Whig Candidate & war hero 11
California Gold Rush 1848 - James Marshall discovers gold at Sutter's Mill California Gold Rush 1848 - James Marshall discovers gold at Sutter's Mill 1848: Gold Rush begins 12
California Gold Rush 1848 - James Marshall discovers gold at Sutter's Mill 1848: Gold Rush begins 1848: 400 migrants 1850: 44,000 overland migrants California Gold Rush 1848 - Gold! found in California "forty-niners": people who migrated to CA after gold was discovered in 1848 13
California Gold Rush 1848 - Gold! found in California "forty-niners": people who migrated to CA after gold was discovered in 1848 the whole country "resounds with the sordid cry of gold, GOLD, GOLD! while the field is left halfplowed, the house halfbuilt, and everything neglected but the manufacture of shovels and pickaxes." California Gold Rush 1848 - Gold! found in California "forty-niners": people who migrated to CA after gold was discovered in 1848 - diverse group of peoples in CA - Asia, S. America, Europe, & America 14
California Gold Rush 1850 - San Francisco Harbor 1849 - population over 100,000 15
1849 - population over 100,000 1850 - CA becomes a state! 1849 - population over 100,000 1850 - CA becomes a state! 1849 - state constitution outlawed slavery - CA state bid heated debate in Congress 16
California Gold Rush 1855 - Gold Rush over "Mining, I am sorry to say is not so profitable as it was last year, and a great many emigrants are going home, utterly discouraged..." Gadsden Purchase - 1853 - $10 Million for land South of Gila River 17
Gadsden Purchase - 1853 - $10 Million for land South of Gila River **completion of continental US** Why purchase a small strip of land? Gadsden Purchase - 1853 - $10 Million for land South of Gila River **completion of continental US** Why purchase a small strip of land? Build a RR! 18