Name: Class: Date: 10.1: Greek Test Review Chapter 10 and Chapter 11 1) How did the geographical nature of Greece shape its culture? The city- states were isolated from each other due to the mountainous range. Each city- states governed themselves. 2) Identify the three seas that surround Greece: Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea, and Mediterranean Sea 3) How did the Greeks win the Trojan War? By hiding in a Trojan Horse, that they had made, and the Trojans brought into the city. At night fall, the Greeks came out and destroyed the city. 4) What is an odyssey? A long arduous journey 5) What is a polis? Polis is a city- state 6) Define what an isthmus is: Name the one in Greece where one of the richest city states was located: An isthmus is a narrow strip of land with sea on either side, forming a link between two larger areas of land. Isthmus of Corinth 7) What was a result of the independent spirit of the early Greeks? There were frequent wars between city- states. 8) Why did the Greeks not travel by land? It was difficult through the mountainous ranges.
10.2 1) What is a metic? Foreigners living in Greece 2) The Greeks did not have enough farmland, which resulted in ancient Greeks doing what? Traded to get what they needed. 3) What was the result of Greek colonies trading with Asia Minor? It led to the development of coins. 10.3 1) What was the Athens government like? Athens was a democracy. They had an assembly, where all citizens had a voice. 2) What is one thing from Greek democracy that still exists in American politics today? Juries of citizens 3) Describe the difference between a tyrant and a king? A king inherits power, but a tyrant seizes it. 4) How did direct democracy work in ancient Athens? It worked because the city- state s population was small, and the citizens were committed and were hard workers. 5) What is an oligarchy? A council of aristocrats who govern. 6) Who were the benefactors of an oligarchy government in ancient Greek city- states? The wealthy citizens. 7) What was the difference between Spartan and Athens governments? Sparta s citizens had a smaller voice in their government. Sparta was an oligarchy and Athens was a democracy.
10.4 9) What were the roles of Spartan women? Which one was the most important? How did this compare to other Greek women? They were strong and vigorous. They participated in sports. They had a great deal of freedom and responsibility. The most important was to produce and raise strong boys to become soldiers. 10) What did Sparta use for money? Why might have they used this form of currency? They used heavy iron bars as money, and this discourage trading with other city- states. 11) What was the Spartan government like? Sparta s citizens had a smaller voice in their government. They were an oligarchy. 8) What is a helot? Non free person living in Sparta 11.1 1) What led to the Peloponnesian War? The rivalry between Athens and Sparta 2) Why did Persia attack Greece? Revenge for burning, the Persian city of Sardis 3) Why did the Greeks win the Battle of Salamis? The Greeks were knowledgeable about Greek waterways, and able to surprise the Persian fleet. 4) What was the outcome of the Persian Wars? The Greeks won with fewer men and had less land. 5) Put these battles in order: Battle of Salamis, Battle of Plataea, Battle of Marathon, Ionian Revolt, and Battle of Thermopylae
Ionian Revolt, Battle of Marathon, Battle of Thermopylae, Battle of Salamis, and Battle of Plataea 6) What was the major result of the city- states fighting against each other in the Peloponnesian War? Macedonia was able to conquer Greece 7) After the Persian Wars, what do you think the Greeks saw their relationships as with the other city- states? 11.2 They preserved Greek independence and showed Greece could unite to defeat a common enemy. 1) What territories did Alexander the Great conquer and whose territories were they? Lands that were occupied by Persia or were Persian 2) After Alexander died, what happened to his empire? His empire fell apart. 3) What does it mean to say that Alexander conquered by using kindness? He let towns that surrendered to his army keep their own leaders. 4) What was Alexander s approach to bringing his empire together? He respected the beliefs of many different people 11.3 12) What did the Delphi oracle provide to a Greek person when they visited the Temple of Apollo? A Greek citizen could ask a priestess a question about the future. 13) Where do most Greek gods and goddesses live? Mount Olympus 14) Who was the god of the sea? What importance does this reflect on Greek civilization? Poseidon, the Greeks relied on the sea for travel and trade
5) What is a myth? A story about Greek gods 6) What is a marathon? A long foot race 7) What is herculean? Very difficult 8) What was the name of the classical Greek architectural building that was built for Athena? The Parthenon 11.4 15) Who was Socrates? First great philosopher 16) Who was Hippocrates? Father of medicine 17) Who was Pythagoras? Studied triangles among other things 18) Who was Aristophanes? Wrote plays 19) What field of studies did Pythagoras and Euclid work in? geometry 20) Who is the father of science? Thales
21) Who is the father of history? Herodotus 22) Who was Hipppcrates? He believed diseases have natural causes What is a gorgon? A severely ugly woman What is a titan? A huge and powerful person