ASEAN Framework, Parameters and Approaches on Tourism Responding to Climate Change Eddy Krismeidi Soemawilaga ASEAN Secretariat
ASEAN Framework, Parameters and Approaches on Tourism Responding to Climate Change UNWTO and ASEAN International Conference on Tourism and Climate Change 19-20 May 2014, Legazpi City, Philippines one vision one identity one community 2
Eddy Krismeidi Soemawilaga Infrastructure Division ASEAN Secretariat Email: eddy@asean.org 3
Outline of Presentation 1 An Overview on ASEAN Tourism 2 ASEAN Tourism Strategic Plan 2011-2015 3 Climate Change and Tourism 4 ASEAN Tourism Standards 5 MRA on Tourism Professionals 4
AN OVERVIEW ON ASEAN TOURISM 5
Population of ASEAN and selected Trade Partner Countries/Regions (2011)
ASEAN Economic Performance ASEAN GDP since the adoption of AEC Blueprint 2015
ASEAN INTERNATIONAL VISITOR ARRIVALS 2012-2013 8
ASEAN INTERNATIONAL VISITOR ARRIVALS 1991-2013 100 80 81 74 49 53 56 62 65 66 60 40 20-20 22 23 25 30 31 31 30 34 39 42 44 38 89 99 9 M illions 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012* 2013*
SHARE OF INTERNATIONAL VISITOR ARRIVALS TO ASEAN 2013 AMERICA 4% AFRICA 0% EUROPE 12% OCEANIA 4% OTHER/UNSPECIFIED 2% ASIA (Excl. ASEAN) 32% INTRA ASEAN 46% 10
300 Southeast Asia Total Airlines Seat Capacity 2001-2013 250 200 113 150 100 50-113 144 129 106 110 108 111 110 155 102 122 84 85 90 3 4 4 11 17 24 33 39 47 57 69 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 FSC LCC Source: CAPA Centre for Aviation & OAG FSC: Full-Service Carrier LCC: Low-Cost Carrier 11
Key ASEAN Milestones ASEAN Preferential Trading Arrangement ASEAN Framework Agreement on Services ASEAN Investment Agreement Hanoi Plan of Action Vientiane Plan of Action Roadmap for an ASEAN Community 1967 1977 1992 1995 1997 1998 2003 2004 2007 2008 2009 2011 Birth of ASEAN ASEAN Free Trade Area ASEAN Vision 2020 Bali Concord II (ASEAN Community) AEC Blueprint ASEAN Charter Bali Concord III (RCEP/AFEED) 1 2
ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY STRATEGIC SCHEDULE OF THE AEC BLUEPRINT (2008-2015) Pillar 1 Single Market & Production Base Pillar 2 Competitive Economic Region Pillar 3 Equitable Economic Development Pillar 4 Integration into the Global Economy Free flow of goods Free flow of services Free flow of investment Freer flow of capital Free flow of skilled labor Priority Integration Sectors (tourism) Food, agriculture and forestry Competition policy Consumer protection Intellectual property rights Infrastructure development Taxation E-Commerce SME development Initiative for ASEAN Integration Coherent approach towards external economic relations Enhanced participation in global supply networks HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 1 3
ASEAN Tourism Key Milestones 1976 Formation of Sub-Committee on Tourism under the Committee on Trade and Tourism 1981 ASEAN Tourism Forum (ATF) as annual event 1988-1996 ASEAN Tourism Information Centre 1998 Tourism Ministerial Understanding 2002 ASEAN Tourism Agreement 2004 Tourism as one of Priority Integration Sector (Roadmap for Integration of Tourism Sector) 2011 ASEAN Tourism Strategic Plan 14
Tourism Key Deliverables in 2015 1. MRA on Tourism Professionals based on ASEAN Common Competency Standard for Tourism Professionals (ACCSTP) 2. ASEAN Tourism Standards with a Certification Process covering green hotel, home stay, public toilet, spa services, clean tourist city and community-based 3. ASEAN Tourism Product Packages on nature-based tourism, cultural and heritage tourism, community-based tourism, cruise and river-based tourism and health and wellness tourism
ASEAN TOURISM STRATEGIC PLAN 2011-2015 16
Vision By 2015, ASEAN will provide an increasing number of visitors to the region with authentic and diverse products, enhanced connectivity, a safe and secure environment, increased quality of services, while at the same time ensuring an increased quality of life and opportunities for residents through responsible and sustainable tourism development by working effectively with a wide range of stakeholders. Responsible and Sustainable Tourism Development All strategic directions and actions in the ATSP are guided by responsible and sustainable tourism principles recognizing the significant role that tourism plays in poverty reduction, climate change, gender and minority issues, capacity building, cultural preservation and natural conservation. 1. Develop Experiential Regional Products & Creative Marketing & Investment Strategies 2. Strategically Increase the Quality of Services and Human Resources in the Region 3. Enhance and Accelerate Travel Facilitation and ASEAN Connectivity 1.1 Develop and implement a tourism marketing strategy for the ASEAN region 2.1 Develop a set of ASEAN tourism standards with a certification process 3.1 Advocate for a single visa for the ASEAN region 1.2 Develop Experiential and creative regional/sub regional circuits & packages together with investment strategies 2.2 Implement the MRA on ASEAN Tourism Professionals and its requirements 3.2 Work with other ASEAN bodies to expand connectivity through air, water, rail and ground transportation 1.3 Enhance the external relation policies and procedures of ASEAN tourism 2.3 Provide opportunities for increase knowledge and skill development
ASEAN Tourism Cooperation Organisation Structure
CLIMATE CHANGE AND TOURISM 19
Developing the Policy Framework of ASEAN Tourism Standards in Responding to the Climate Change (2010) Identify a strategic plan/framework to deal with the impact of climate change on the tourism sector and to ensure positive contributions to broader emission reduction targets. The framework would serve as a common reference for ASEAN National Tourism Organisations to regionally contribute to reducing emissions as well as preparing the sector to adapt to current and future conditions. The development of the framework take into account international and ASEAN Member States best practices. Input to the ASEAN Tourism Strategic Plan 2011-2015
ASEAN Tourism Strategic Plan 2011-2015
APPROCHES TO CLIMATE CHALLENGES Mitigation Adaptation Reduce greenhouse gas emissions Reduce vulnerability to climate change Enhance capacities against climate and weather related hazards
Levelling off: Integration Inclusion of CC adaptation and mitigation items in existing ASEAN frameworks and measures in travel and tourism: Tourism Standards MRA on Tourism Professionals Mainstreaming Ensuring that existing elements or indicators in ASEAN frameworks and measures factor in CC mitigation and adaptation indicators
Integrating Climate Change in the ASEAN Tourism Initiative: ASEAN Tourism Standards
Development of ASEAN Tourism Standards The completion of guidelines for certification process and certification bodies for following tourism standards: Green hotel (lead coordinator: Thailand) Homestay (lead coordinator: Malaysia) Spa services (lead coordinator: Thailand) Public toilet (lead coordinator: Brunei Darussalam) Clean tourist city (lead coordinator: Cambodia) Community Based Tourism (lead coordinator: Cambodia)
ASEAN Tourism Standards: Activities in 2014 Pilot testing to further refine and finalise the respective ASEAN Tourism Standards Training for Auditors/Assessors
ASEAN Green Hotel Standard (Major Criteria) 1. Environmental policy and actions for hotel operation 2. Use of Green products 3. Collaboration with the community and local organizations 4. Human resources development 5. Solid waste management 6. Energy efficiency 7. Water efficiency and water quality 8. Air quality management (indoor and outdoor) 9. Noise pollution control 10. Waste water treatment and management 11. Toxic and chemical substance disposal management 27
Integrating Climate Change in the ASEAN Tourism Initiative: MRA on Tourism Professionals
Employment in Travel and Tourism in ASEAN The T&T sector plays an important role in the overall ASEAN economy. It is estimated to account for 4.6 percent of ASEAN GDP and 10.9 percent when taking into account all indirect contributions. It directly employs 9.3 million people, or 3.2 percent of total employment, and indirectly supports some 25 million jobs (Source: The ASEAN Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report 2012)
Recognition and Eligibility The qualification of a Foreign Tourism Professional may be recognised by other ASEAN Member States, and if such qualification is recognised, he/she may be eligible to work in a host country provided that he/she possesses a valid tourism competency certificate in a specific tourism job title as specified in the ACCSTP, issued by the TPCB in an ASEAN Member State. The eligibility to work in a host country will be subjected to prevailing domestic laws and regulations of the host country.
MRA on Tourism Professionals ATPMC NTPB A NTPB B Regional Secretariat ATPRS Country A Assessment Certification TPCB/NTPB Job Seeker Registration Job Opportunities Verification through the ASEAN Tourism Qualifications Equivalence Matrix (ATQEM) Job Interview Work Permit Country B TPCB/NTPB
Benefits of MRA on Tourism Professionals Facilitate mobility of tourism professionals based on the tourism competency qualification/ certificate Enhance conformity of the competency based training/education Skills recognition Improve the quality of tourism human resources (ready to work in the industry) Enhance the quality of tourism services
MRA Tourism Components 6 Divisions 32 Job Titles (ACCSTP) 52 Qualifications 244 Units of Competency 33
Hotel Services Front Office 1. Front Office Manager 2. Front Office Supervisor 3. Receptionist 4. Telephone Operator 5. Bell Boy House Keeping 1. Executive Housekeeper 2. Laundry Manager 3. Floor Supervisor 4. Laundry Attendant 5. Room Attendant 6. Public Area Cleaner Food Production 1. Executive Chef 2. Demi Chef 3. Commis Chef 4. Chef de Partie 5. Commis Pastry 6. Baker 7. Butcher Food and Beverage Service 1. F&B Director 2. F&B Outlet Manager 3. Head Waiter 4. Bartender 5. Waiter
Travel Services Travel Agencies 1. General Manger 2. Assistant General Manager 3. Senior Travel Consultant 4. Travel Consultant Tour Operation 1. Product Manager 2. Sales and Marketing Manager 3. Credit Manager 4. Ticketing Manager 5. Tour Manager
Related Units of Competency (Examples) Develop/monitor ecologically sustainable tourism operations (TA and TO) Develop host community awareness programs (TA and TO) Assess and plan tourism opportunities for local communities (TA and TO) Set up and operate a camp site (TO) Clean public areas, facilities and equipment (HK) Clean and prepare rooms for in-coming guests (HK) Maintain and operate an industrial laundry (HK) Launder linen and guests clothes (HK) 36
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