Southern Peru & Bolivia: Inca Landscapes & Lake Titicaca Plus optional extensions in

Southern Peru & Bolivia: Inca Landscapes & Lake Titicaca Plus optional extensions in The Amazon Rain Forest of Peru and Bolivia: Sucre, Potosi & the Uyuni Salt Flats 2016

Overseas Adventure Travel Southern Peru & Bolivia Handbook Table of Contents 1. TRAVEL DOCUMENTS & ENTRY REQUIREMENTS... 2 YOUR PASSPORT... 2 VISAS REQUIRED... 3 EMERGENCY PHOTOCOPIES... 4 OVERSEAS TAXES AND FEES... 4 AIRPORT TRANSFERS... 4 2. HEALTH... 5 IS THIS ADVENTURE RIGHT FOR YOU?... 5 BEFORE YOUR TRIP... 7 Yellow Fever Vaccination Documentation Required... 7 Medical Checkup... 8 Medications... 8 STAYING HEALTHY ON YOUR TRIP... 9 3. MONEY MATTERS... 11 HOW TO CARRY YOUR MONEY... 11 CURRENCY... 13 TIPPING... 14 SHOPPING IN PERU & BOLIVIA... 15 U.S. Customs Regulations and Shipping Charges... 16 If You Have a Problem with a Purchase... 16 4. CLIMATE: A WORD ABOUT THE WEATHER... 17 5. PACKING JUST WHAT YOU NEED... 20 YOUR LUGGAGE & LOCKS... 20 CLOTHING SUGGESTIONS... 22 TRAVELER S CHECKLISTS... 23 A WORD ABOUT ELECTRICITY... 25 6. LEARN ABOUT YOUR DESTINATIONS... 26 PERU AT A GLANCE... 26 BOLIVIA AT A GLANCE... 28 CULTURE & POINTS TO KNOW... 31 Language Barrier... 31 Taking Photographs... 31 A Word about Regional Flights... 32 First Hotel & Land Only Travelers... 32 SAFETY & SECURITY... 32 COMMUNICATIONS... 33 7. ADDITIONAL RESOURCES... 34 SUGGESTED READINGS... 34 SUGGESTED MOVIES... 37 USEFUL WEB SITES... 38 FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 1

Travel Documents 1. Travel Documents & Entry Requirements Your Passport Please take a moment to confirm that your passport meets all of these requirements: It should be valid for at least 6 months after your scheduled return to the U.S. It should have the recommended number of blank pages (see below for details). The blank pages must be labeled Visas at the top. Pages labeled Amendments and Endorsements are not acceptable. Recommended number of blank pages Know that this recommendation is based on a worst case scenario. When you are on this adventure, you might use fewer pages, depending on the whims of the Immigration official on duty that day. Since the consequence of having too few pages can be severe you could be denied entry into a country we at OAT feel that in this case, safe is better than sorry, and we strongly recommend that you follow these guidelines. Main trip only: If you are taking only the main trip, you will require 3 blank passport pages. Pre-trip extension in the Amazon Rain Forest of Peru: Does not need any additional pages. Post-trip extension to Bolivia: Does not need any additional pages. Both a pre- and a post-trip extension: You will need 3 blank passport pages total. If you need to renew your passport: Contact the National Passport Information Center (NPIC) at 1-877-487-2778, or visit their website at www.travel.state.gov for information on obtaining a new passport or renewing your existing passport. You may also contact our recommended visa service company, PVS International, at 1-800-556-9990 for help with your passport. FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 2

Travel Documents Visas Required We ll be sending you a detailed Visa Packet with instructions, application forms, and fees about 100 days prior to your departure. In the meantime, we re providing the information below as a guideline on what to expect. This info is for U.S. citizens only. All visas and fees are subject to change. Peru (main trip and extension) no visa needed: U.S. citizens do not need a visa for stays of less than 90 days. Bolivia (main trip and extension) visa required. We recommend you obtain it in advance. Although this visa may be obtained upon your arrival, we recommend you obtain it in advance. Entry requirements can change at any time; obtaining your visa in advance decreases the likelihood that you will encounter problems at the border and may protect you if entry requirements subsequently change. Bolivia will also require vaccination documentation for this itinerary; see Yellow Fever Vaccination Documentation Required on page 8 for details. Embassy contact information If you are staying longer in any of these countries, you should check with their embassy for the applicable regulations: Bolivia:(202) 483-4410 Peru: (202) 833-9860 Traveling without a U.S. passport? If you are not a U.S. citizen, or if your passport is from any country other than the U.S., it is your responsibility to check with your local consulate, embassy, or a visa services company about possible visa requirements. For your convenience, we recommend the services of PVS International, a national visa service located in Washington D.C.; they can be reached at 1-800-556-9990 or www.pvsinternational.org. FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 3

Travel Documents Emergency Photocopies The smartest and easiest security precaution you can take is to carry photocopies of key documents: the photo page of your passport plus any applicable visas, your air itinerary, and credit card numbers. Add emergency phone numbers like your credit card company and the number for your travel protection plan. Store copies separate from the originals. This can save you time, money, and bother if your documents are lost during your trip. If you don t feel like taking paper copies, consider going digital. Scan everything and email it to yourself. That way as long as you have access to email, you can access the info you need. Another option is to give copies to a trusted friend or relative at home as a backup that they can email or fax to you if you need it. Overseas Taxes and Fees This tour may have taxes and fees that cannot be included in your airline ticket price because you are required to pay them in person onsite. All taxes are subject to change without notice and can be paid in cash (either U.S. or local currency). If applicable, you will receive a list of these fees with your Final Documents. Airport Transfers Please note: If you plan on booking your own international flights or arranging with our air department to arrive/depart on an earlier/later date than standard for your program, airport transfers will NOT be included in your program price. Transfers must be purchased separately, as an optional add-on, and are subject to availability. To learn more, or purchase airport transfers, please call our Traveler Support team at 1-800-221-0814. FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 4

Health 2. Health Is This Adventure Right For You? We ve worked closely with our local Trip Leaders and regional associates to identify the aspects of this adventure that you should be aware of, from physical requirements to cultural factors. Please carefully review the information below prior to departing on this adventure. We reserve the right for our Trip Leaders to modify participation, or in some circumstances send travelers home, if their condition would adversely affect the health, safety, or enjoyment of themselves or of other travelers. Pacing: Exposure to high altitude (13,000 feet) for 9 consecutive days 6 locations in 14 days with one 1-night stay; early mornings International flights to Peru arrive late in the evening or very early in the morning, and internal flights are scheduled early Several long overland drives, including 1 transfer (up to 9 hours) crossing the border between Peru and Bolivia International flights from Bolivia depart early in the morning Physical requirements: Not appropriate for travelers who have difficulty at high altitudes or who use wheelchairs, walkers, or other mobility aids You must be able to walk 1-2 miles unassisted and participate in 6-8 hours of physical activities each day, including hikes that are made more difficult by high elevation This trip takes you to remote places with no medical facilities nearby. If needed, evacuation may take up to eight hours to transfer to the nearest hospital Climate: Lima is warmest between December and March, with daily highs of 80 F Day and evening temperatures in the Andes range between 35-70 F At high altitudes, the sun can be very strong and we will spend a lot of time outside. Temperatures will sometimes feel 10-15 degrees warmer than they actually are, so layers are the best way to pack. Sunscreen (50 SPF or higher), a sun hat and sunglasses are highly recommended. Terrain: Travel over city streets, rugged paths, and unpaved roads; walk over rough, steep, and sometimes slippery trails without handrails Transportation: Travel by 16-24-passenger minibus and small excursion boat Drives of 2-6 hours; one internal flight of about 1.5 hours; boat excursion of 1.5-2 hours Accommodations & Facilities: Hotel rooms are smaller than U.S. and offer simple amenities All accommodations feature private baths FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 5

Health Altitude: Altitude on this adventure ranges from 7,600 to 16,000 feet. The majority of this itinerary will be spent at elevations above 13,000 feet. Due to the high elevation, altitude sickness is common. Symptoms may include headaches, fatigue, nausea, dizziness, and shortness of breath. How well you adapt to changes in altitude may impact your ability to participate in the scheduled activities. You may wish to bring an altitude sickness medication, to prevent/help with the symptoms mentioned above. Please consult your doctor. Hiking: We will be partaking in several hikes. Due to the high elevation, these hikes will be more rigorous than if done at sea level and you may want to bring a walking stick. Trails can be steep or slippery during hikes. It is important that you only participate if you are able to handle the physical demands of each hike. Bus Rides: There are two long bus rides, one from Arequipa to Colca, and one from Colca to Puno. Each is about 5-6 hours over windy, bumpy roads and at elevations of over 16,000 feet. There are limited options for facilities. Medications: Our hikes will take us to remote locations with no major medical facilities or airports nearby so please make sure you have a sufficient supply of any medications you might need. Food/Water: There will be basic, local cuisine. You should avoid any fruits or vegetables that you don t peel yourself, unless informed otherwise by your Trip Leader. You should not use the tap water to brush your teeth. Bottled water will be provided during the trip. Service: Service will be slower than you are used to in the U.S. and Europe. Please be patient and allow extra time when eating at restaurants. Cultural Differences Be prepared to be confronted with a different standard of living. Please don t let that keep you from experiencing the amazing culture or heritage of Peru and Bolivia. FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 6

Health Before Your Trip Before you leave on your adventure, there are at least four health-related things you should do. We ll outline some of these steps in more detail in the following pages, but for now, here s the short list: Step 1: Check with the CDC for their recommendations for the countries you ll be visiting. You can contact them online at wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel or by phone at 1-800-232-4636. Step 2: Have a medical checkup with your doctor. Step 3: Pick up any necessary medications, both prescription and over-the-counter. Step 4: Have a dental and/or eye checkup. (Recommended, but less important than steps 1-3.) Yellow Fever Vaccination Documentation Required While the CDC offers a wide range of vaccination and medication suggestions, there is one in particular that we d like to draw your attention to the yellow fever vaccine. For some countries, the yellow fever vaccination is a legal entry requirement, like a passport. For other countries, it is a health recommendation to protect you from getting sick. On this adventure, a yellow fever vaccination is a legal entry requirement, but you may be able to get a waiver. Either way if you get the vaccination or get a waiver you must bring documentation. You should discuss the vaccine with your doctor to see if he or she recommends it and if your health allows for it. (He or she can offer a suggestion tailored to your personal medical history.) If you and your doctor decide the vaccination is right for you, then he or she will issue you a Yellow Fever Card (officially called an International Certificate of Vaccination). This is your proof of vaccination; you should bring it with you on the trip. If you and your doctor decide the vaccination isn t right for you, then have your doctor issue an official vaccination waiver. An official waiver is a letter that meets these requirements: It must be on business letterhead paper or on the Yellow Fever Card itself. (Some versions of the card have a space for this purpose.) It must be signed by a doctor. It must be stamped using the same stamp that the doctor uses on a Yellow Fever Card. It must state the reason for the waiver. (For example: patient has compromised immune system or patient is at high risk for severe side effects.) Bring your documentation either your Yellow Fever Card or your waiver with you on the trip. Remember, you may not be asked to show anything at all when you enter Bolivia (it depends on the local official). Our regional office reports that many Bolivian officials have been asking, regardless of where travelers arrive from. Plus, some airlines have begun to ask to see this document before you board the plane to Bolivia. If you are asked, you must be able to produce your documentation or you could be refused entry into Bolivia. If that happens, you will be forced to turn back at your own expense. FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 7

Health Medical Checkup After checking the CDC s recommendations, we strongly recommend that you have a medical checkup with your doctor at least six weeks before your trip. (We suggest you check with the CDC first so that you can have an informed conversation with your doctor about vaccines and such.) Topics to discuss during your checkup are: The CDC recommendations. The CDC makes suggestions based on the destination, but that doesn t mean the suggestions are right for you. Your doctor will be able to advise you on what is best considering your unique medical history. Advice on what medicines (if any) to bring. For our suggestions of what types of medications to ask your doctor about, see the section titled Medications that follows. Remember to get a copy of any prescriptions written as a generic drug name so you can replace your medications if they are lost during the trip. Your fitness for this adventure. This is a must if you have any medical conditions or physical limitations. Use the Is This Adventure Right For You? section on previous pages as a guideline. Make certain to review any medical condition you have, particularly cardiac or respiratory disease or diabetes, and discuss the details of the trip itinerary as it pertains to your health. Remember, your trip may take you into remote areas, with no nearby medical facilities. Please notify us in writing about any medical condition that may require special attention. If your report is normal, you don t need to send it to us. If you send us a medical report, we don t use it to determine if you should take this trip, or if you are likely to enjoy it. Those decisions are up to you and your doctor. Medications Prescription medication suggestions Of course, you ll need to bring an ample supply of any prescription medications you happen to be taking. You ll also want to talk to your doctor about any medications suggested by the CDC. In addition, we suggest you ask about prescriptions for: An antibiotic medication for gastrointestinal illness A pain medication. You might need this in the unlikely event of an injury in a location where medical attention would be delayed. Altitude sickness medication. In the main trip alone we overnight at high elevations: Arequipa is more than 7,000 feet above sea level, Puno is approximately 12,506 feet, and La Paz is over 11,000 feet. Altitudes are equally high or higher on the post-trip extension. At these altitudes, almost everyone feels some of the symptoms of Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS). These symptoms include headache, nausea, loss of appetite, trouble with sleep, and lack of energy. For travelers on the Amazon pre-trip extension: At time of writing, the CDC did recommend discussing anti-malaria medication with your doctor for the Amazon basin. TIP: At time of writing the CDC stated that malaria was not present in the areas that we visit on the main trip or post-trip, but was present in the Amazon basin, which we visit during the pre-trip extension. Antimalarial medication can have strong side effects, so be certain to ask your doctor first. FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 8

Health Over-the-counter medication suggestions When traveling, keep in mind that not every country has approved every medication. Most major brands are OK, but some medications we take for granted are not allowed in other countries. Fortunately, the U.S. State Department offers advice on restricted medications online at http://travel.state.gov/content/passports/english/go/customs.html. (Look under the Criminal Penalties and Special Circumstances sections of each country you ll be visiting. If you don t see anything mentioned, then major U.S. brands should be fine.) TIP: At time of writing, the State Department did not have any special warnings about American overthe-counter medications for Peru or Bolivia but did have the following warning about bringing medicines back to the U.S.: Travelers should be aware that some drugs and other products readily available over the counter or by prescription in Peru are illegal in the United States. The prescription sedative flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) is one such drug; others may come on the market at any time. Although cocaleaf tea is a popular beverage and folk remedy for altitude sickness in Peru, possession of these tea bags, which are sold in most Peruvian supermarkets, is illegal in the United States. (The warning about bringing back coca-leaf tea would also apply to Bolivia.) Traveling with medications To avoid loss and to have them handy, pack medications in your carry-on bag. For quicker security screening at the airport and a better experience if you get stopped by customs while overseas keep medicines in their original, labeled containers. To be prepared for any unforeseen loss of your medications, you should also bring copies of the prescriptions, written using the generic drug name rather than a brand name. Staying Healthy on Your Trip Safe Water Tap water is not safe to drink. Bottled water or treated drinking water is readily available. Inspect each bottle before you buy it to make sure the cap is sealed properly. Carry a bottle in your day bag at all times. Bottled drinks and juices, and hot drinks that have been boiled, are safe to drink. Carry a bandanna to dry the tops of bottled drinks before and after opening. Safe Food We ve carefully chosen the restaurants for your group meals. Your Trip Leader can suggest restaurants for the meals you take on your own. Carry a handkerchief to dry any wet utensils or plates. Be very careful with food sold from vendors on the street, and with uncooked fruit and other foods. Fruit that you peel yourself is usually safe avoid lettuce and other unpeeled produce. Electricity Supply A constant electricity supply cannot be guaranteed during overnight stays. In some places like our jungle lodge during the Amazon extension a generator may supply electricity for a limited period of time each day (for example, from 6pm-10pm), and lighting may not be as bright as you are used to. Travelers dependent on electricity supply (as in the case of those with sleep apnea) should consider a different adventure or ensure their apparatus has back-up battery power. FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 9

Health Altitude Illness During the main trip and on the optional post-trip extension in Bolivia, you will be staying overnight at more than 12,000 feet above sea level. You will probably feel some effects of altitude when you first arrive. Even if you've been to high elevations previously, you could have a different reaction this time. For most people, the symptoms are mild, and will pass in a day or so. You should take it easy, avoid smoking and alcohol, and drink plenty of fluids and electrolytes. Some people take the high altitude medication starting when they arrive or one day before. Don t take sleeping medications, as they suppress respiration. The most common symptoms are lightheadedness, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, sleeplessness, and loss of appetite. If these are bothersome, you should start to take high altitude medication. Even though you may experience a decreased appetite, force yourself to eat soups and other light foods. If these normal altitude symptoms become unmanageable, it is critical that you inform your Trip Leader. Please let him or her know if you experience any of the following: serious difficulty breathing, mental confusion, a severe and unremitting headache, continued difficulty breathing after a period of rest, or poor physical coordination (ataxia). FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 10

Money Matters 3. Money Matters How to Carry Your Money Generally speaking, you ll want to bring a mixture of different payment methods some cash to exchange and a couple of cards so that you ll be prepared for any situation. In this chapter, we offer some tips on each type of payment method. One note: Traveler s checks are not recommended. They can be difficult to exchange and are rarely accepted in shops and restaurants. Cash We recommend that you bring some cash with you on this adventure. Cash has a few advantages over other forms of payment. It is more widely accepted than any other form of payment, and sometimes commands a better exchange rate. Cash is also a better choice for rural or undeveloped areas where ATMs and credit card machines are scarce. So we know that bringing cash is a good idea does that mean U.S. dollars or local currency? There is no need to obtain local currency before your trip. In fact, your U.S. bank may not carry it. You can change money when you arrive at the airport, or at banks, most hotels, and money exchange offices. In some countries you do not even need to exchange money at all you can use U.S. dollars. For more information on what type of currency can be used on this trip, see the Currency section. Torn, dirty, or taped U.S. bills may not be accepted for exchange or payment. In Peru and Bolivia, large U.S. bills (such as $50 or $100) command a better exchange rate, but small bills are more readily accepted for payment. For this reason, we recommend that you bring a mix of denominations in U.S. dollars. ATMs Typically ATMs on the PLUS, Cirrus, and other networks are available in large cities and towns in Peru and Bolivia. But the more rural the location (like the Amazon rainforest or at an Inca ruin), the less likely ATMs become. On the Amazon extension, the ATM at the regional airport might be the only one you see for a few days. For these rural and remote areas, plan to carry enough cash for your expected expenses, plus a small reserve, and then use your credit card as your backup. ATMs are accessible in Lima, Arequipa, and Puno in Peru; and in La Paz and Sucre in Bolivia. So it might be a good idea to obtain a store of cash in those cities to prepare for your travel in more remote areas. Your Trip Leader will advise you on ATM availability and locations during the trip. FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 11

Money Matters Using a local ATM on an international network will allow you to withdraw money from your U.S. account in local currency; your bank at home will calculate the conversion rate and charge you in U.S. dollars. However, many banks charge a fee ranging from $1 to $5 for every time you use a foreign ATM. Others will charge you a percentage of what you withdraw. We recommend that you check with your bank before you depart. You ll also want to notify your bank that you ll be out of the country that way when they see foreign ATM withdrawals, they won t put a fraud alert on your account. Lastly, don t forget to memorize the actual digits of your card s PIN number (many keypads at foreign ATMs do not include letters on their keys they only display numbers.) Credit Cards (and Debit Cards) Credit card use is not as common in Peru and Bolivia as it is in the U.S. a high-end shop, a hotel, or a business that caters to tourists is more likely to take cards than a Mom and Pop store. In Peru, credit cards are more likely to be accepted in Lima than in the countryside. Stores in Peru may charge you up to 8% for the use of a credit card. In Bolivia, payment by credit card is limited to hotels and shops that caters to tourists; other than these exceptions, it is not common practice. Like in Peru, a shop or business in Bolivia may charge you a small percentage of the purchase price as a fee for using your card. Even if you do not plan on using them, we suggest you bring one or two credit or debit cards as a backup or for optional tours. We also suggest that you bring more than one brand of card (Visa, MasterCard, American Express) if possible, because not every shop will take every card. For example, although the Discover card is now accepted in some countries outside the U.S., it is not widely adopted, so other brands will work at a much larger range of stores, restaurants, etc. TIP: Many credit card companies have fraud alert departments that will freeze your card if they see suspicious charges such as charges from another country. To avoid an accidental security block, it is a good idea to notify your credit card company you will be using your cards abroad. You can do this by calling their customer service number a week or two before your departure. You should also double-check what phone number you could call if you have a problem with a card while you are abroad. Don t assume you can use the 1-800 number printed on the back of your card most 1-800 numbers don t work outside of the U.S.! And speaking of credit cards, please keep in mind that optional tours with OAT can only be purchased with a credit or debit card (if it has a credit card logo and allows you to sign for purchases). Because our headquarters are in Boston, charges may appear to be from Boston or might be labeled as "OPT Boston" (depending on your credit card company). FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 12

Money Matters Currency For current exchange rates, please refer to our website www.oattravel.com, your bank, or the financial section of your newspaper. In Bolivia The official currency of Bolivia is the boliviano, which can be divided into 100 subunits called centavos. Banknotes and coin denominations are as follows: Banknotes come in denominations of 10, 20, 50, 100, and 200 bolivianos Coins come in denominations of 1, 2, and 5 bolivianos and 10, 20, and 50 centavos U.S. dollars are accepted almost everywhere in Bolivia; however, using the boliviano is still recommended at some stores as they will be not be able to exchange large dollar bills. Bring bills in very good condition bills that are worn, torn, or even folded might be rejected. In Peru The official currency of Peru is the Nuevo Sol, which is divided into 100 céntimos. Bills come in denominations of 10, 20, 50, 100, and 200 Coins come in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 50 cents, 1, 2, 5 soles U.S. dollars are commonly accepted in Peru, especially for large transactions or at businesses that cater to visitors. However, not every business will want U.S. dollars, and the ones that do accept them will want crisp bills in very good condition bills that are worn, torn, or even folded might be rejected. Large U.S. bills (such as $50 or $100) command a better exchange rate, but small bills are more readily accepted for payment. For this reason, we recommend that you bring a mix of denominations in U.S. dollars. Previous travelers have recommended bringing a lot of $1 bills for tipping (but not for exchanging). When paying in sols, know that it can be difficult for a shop to make change for a 100-sol bill on small purchases. FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 13

Money Matters Tipping Of course, whether you tip, and how much, is always at your own discretion. For those of you who have asked for tipping suggestions, we offer these guidelines. Listed below are our recommendations for the tips that are not included in your tour price. All tips are quoted in U.S. dollars; tips can be converted and paid in local currency or in U.S. dollars. Do not use personal or traveler's checks for tips. OAT Trip Leader: It is customary to express a personal "thank you" to your OAT Trip Leader at the end of your trip, especially if he or she has provided you with individual service. As a guideline, many travelers give $7-$10 per person per day. Housekeeping staff at hotels: $1-2 per room, per night Your tour price includes gratuities on the main trip and optional extensions for local guides, drivers, and luggage porters that may assist you during the scheduled activities on your adventure. FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 14

Money Matters Shopping in Peru & Bolivia It is Overseas Adventure Travel's goal to identify and provide you with shopping opportunities that highlight unique, locally-produced products with good value from reliable vendors. For this reason there may be scheduled visits to local shops during your adventure. There is no requirement to make a purchase during these stops, and any purchase made is a direct transaction with the shop in question, subject to the vendor s terms of purchase. Overseas Adventure Travel cannot be responsible for purchases you make on your trip or for the shipment of your purchases. Crafts & Souvenirs Each country has its own specialties: Peru: Traditional souvenirs available in Lima, Arequipa, and Puno include gold and silver jewelry, old and new weavings, ceramics, woolen clothing, hand-knitted alpaca sweaters, and woven ponchos. A much more limited selection is available in Iquitos. Bolivia: Bolivian handicrafts tend towards Andean-style weavings, pottery, and jewelry. Traditional games often carved from wood or woven baskets make nice handmade souvenirs. Also look for items made from alpaca wool. Bargaining Some shops have fixed prices. In other places, merchants enjoy negotiating prices. If this is your first experience at bargaining, don t worry you ll quickly find your own style. Your opening offer should be well under the asking price. The only rule is that, if you make an offer, you should be prepared to buy at that price, preferably in exact change. And remember, whatever price you pay is okay, as long as the item is worth that price to you. FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 15

Money Matters U.S. Customs Regulations and Shipping Charges For all things related to U.S. Customs, the ultimate authority is the U.S. Bureau of Customs & Border Protection. Their website, www.cbp.gov has the answers to the most frequently asked questions. Or you can call them at 1-877-227-5511. The top three points to know are: At time of writing, your personal duty-free allowance is $800 for items brought with you. Items totaling more than $800 are subject to duty fees. Items shipped home are always subject to duty when received in the U.S. Even when the shop has offered to include shipping and duties in the price, this typically means shipping to the nearest customs facility and payment of the export duties not door-to-door shipping or payment of the import duties. All additional duties or shipping charges would be your responsibility. Unless an item is small enough to send by parcel service (like FedEx), chances are you will need arrange shipping or pick-up once the item is in the U.S. and will need to pay customs duties. It is illegal to import products made from endangered animal species. U.S. Customs & Border Protection will seize these items, as well as most furs, coral, tortoise shell, reptile skins, feathers, plants, and items made from animal skins. If You Have a Problem with a Purchase The best way to address a problem with a purchase is to not have one in the first place! So don t forget to examine merchandise before paying for it, check contracts or agreements before signing, and review your receipt before leaving the shop. For major purchases, don t hesitate to ask in advance about the return policy local practice may vary from U.S. standards, so don t assume that you have a certain number of days after the purchase to speak up. But what if you do discover an issue with an item later on? In that case, your best recourse is to contact the vendor directly. For this reason we recommend that you keep a copy of all your receipts, invoices, or contracts, along with the shop s contact information. Expect that any resolution will take longer than it would in the U.S. due to delays in communication, the complexities of international shipping/customs duties, and even cultural differences in how business is conducted. FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 16

Climate: A Word About the Weather 4. Climate: A Word About the Weather Climate by Location Peru Peru s climate varies considerably by region, although the months of January through March are the wettest. Coastal areas are hot and humid during those months, but are cooled during the rest of the year by the fog from the ocean known as La Garúa. The western slopes of the Andes are clear, warm, and dry most of the year. Up in the mountains, the temperature drops considerably at night. The eastern slopes of the Andes and the Amazon basin get very heavy rainfall during their wet season, which lasts from January through April. Midday temperatures in Lima will be in the low 80s from January through April, cooler the rest of the year. In the rainforests of the Peruvian Amazon, temperatures are consistently warm and it rains about 250 days a year. When exploring Southern Peru, you will travel to high-altitude areas with much cooler climates. For example, on a trip in June or July, you may experience temperatures in the 90s in the Amazon, but near-freezing temperatures at night in Puno. Bolivia Bolivia s altitude keeps its climate fairly temperate, with temperatures in La Paz (the world s highest capital at 11,910 feet above sea level) seldom rising above the 50s. Evenings tend to be quite cold. Most days are bright and sunny here, but from November to March, Bolivia s summer months, rain showers are common in the afternoon. FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 17

Climate: A Word About the Weather Climate Charts The following charts reflect the average climate as opposed to weather conditions. This means they serve only as general indicators of what can reasonably be expected. As your departure approaches you may wish to monitor current weather conditions online. Here is the official data from the weather observation stations closest to our destinations: Average Daily High/Low Temperatures ( F), Humidity & Monthly Rainfall MONTH LIMA, Peru AREQUIPA, Peru Temp. High-Low % Relative Humidity Monthly Rainfall Temp. High-Low % Relative Humidity Monthly Rainfall (inches) (am-pm) (inches) (am-pm) JAN 79-68 89-70 -- 69-51 74-57 1.1 FEB 80-69 91-69 -- 68-51 77-62 1.6 MAR 80-69 91-70 -- 69-51 76-60 0.7 APR 76-66 92-72 -- 70-49 60-46 0.1 MAY 72-63 92-75 -- 70-47 41-35 -- JUN 69-61 89-76 0.1 69-46 35-30 -- JUL 67-60 89-76 0.2 69-46 35-28 -- AUG 66-60 90-77 0.1 69-46 36-27 -- SEP 67-59 90-76 0.1 71-47 40-31 -- OCT 69-61 89-74 0.1 71-48 44-34 -- NOV 72-63 87-72 -- 70-48 51-38 -- DEC 76-66 88-70 -- 70-49 64-47 0.3 MONTH PUNO, Peru COPACABANA, Bolivia Temp. High-Low % Relative Humidity Monthly Rainfall Temp. High-Low % Relative Humidity Monthly Rainfall (inches) (am-pm)* (inches) (avg) JAN 61-39 -- 4.6 61-39 -- 4.6 FEB 61-38 -- 3.2 61-38 -- 3.2 MAR 60-38 -- 2.8 60-38 -- 2.8 APR 62-34 -- 1.4 62-34 -- 1.4 MAY 62-28 -- 0.1 62-28 -- 0.1 JUN 60-24 -- 0.1 57-26 -- 0.1 JUL 60-22 -- -- 60-24 -- -- AUG 61-25 -- 0.4 60-22 -- 0.4 SEP 63-29 -- 0.5 61-25 -- 0.5 OCT 64-34 -- 0.9 63-29 -- 0.9 NOV 63-36 -- 1.8 63-36 -- 1.8 DEC 63-37 -- 2.0 63-37 -- 2.0 * data not available FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 18

Climate: A Word About the Weather MONTH LA PAZ, Bolivia IQUITOS, Peru (optional Amazon extension) Temp. High-Low % Relative Humidity Monthly Rainfall Temp. High-Low % Relative Humidity Monthly Rainfall (inches) (am-pm) (inches) (am-pm) JAN 55-39 92-63 5.1 88-73 96-73 10.5 FEB 56-39 92-60 4.1 87-73 96-73 10 MAR 56-38 92-58 2.8 87-73 96-73 11.8 APR 57-36 89-50 1.4 87-73 96-75 11.9 MAY 57-32 76-35 0.5 86-73 96-75 10.5 JUN 55-28 72-32 0.2 85-72 96-76 8.2 JUL 55-27 71-30 0.3 85-71 96-73 6.4 AUG 56-29 76-33 0.6 87-72 96-72 6.5 SEP 57-32 81-38 1.2 88-72 96-72 7.5 OCT 58-36 84-43 1.6 88-72 95-73 9.1 NOV 59-38 86-45 2.0 88-73 95-74 9.8 DEC 58-38 89-53 3.7 88-73 95-75 10.2 MONTH SUCRE, Bolivia (optional Bolivia extension) % Relative Humidity (am-pm) Temp. High-Low Monthly Rainfall (days of rain) UYUNI, Bolivia (optional Bolivia extension) % Relative Humidity (avg) Temp. High-Low Monthly Rainfall (inches) JAN 67-55 89-60 7 60-38 48 3.9 FEB 66-54 89-61 7 60-37 52 2.9 MAR 67-54 _-58 6 60-35 48 1.7 APR 67-53 89-53 2 62-32 48 0.7 MAY 67-50 _-37 -- 60-28 38 -- JUN 66-47 76-32 -- 58-26 42 -- JUL 66-46 _-31 -- 57-24 35 0.1 AUG 67-49 _-32 1 59-27 34 0.2 SEP 68-51 78-39 2 62-30 31 0.5 OCT 69-54 82-43 4 64-34 30 1.0 NOV 70-55 84-47 5 64-35 35 1.1 DEC 68-55 87-54 6 62-37 39 1.8 Online Forecast Monthly temperature averages for the countries you will be visiting, plus a current 10-day forecast, are available online through the My Account feature of our website www.oattravel.com. FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 19

Packing Just What You Need 5. Packing Just What You Need Your Luggage & Locks Luggage Recommendations Checked luggage One duffle bag or suitcase. Due to space limitations on our motor coaches, you are allowed one piece of checked luggage per person. Look for one with heavy nylon fabric, wrap-around handles, built-in wheels, and a heavy-duty lockable zipper. Please do not bring a rigid (plastic shell) suitcase. TIP: Consider bringing a second, empty, lockable bag folded into your main suitcase, with a luggage tag and small lock. Use this to carry souvenirs home. Also, when traveling with a companion we recommend cross-packing, i.e., pack 2 outfits of your clothing in your companion s luggage and vice-versa, in case one bag is delayed. Carry-on bag You are allowed one carry-on bag per person. We suggest a tote or small backpack that can be used as both a carry-on bag for your flight and to carry your daily necessities water bottle, camera, etc during driving excursions and walking trips. Consider a backpack or waistpack that keeps both hands free and distributes the pack s weight onto your back or hips. Locks To reduce the risk of damage to your luggage, either do not lock your bags when checking in for flights that originate in the U.S. or use TSA-approved locks. (These are locks that TSA screeners can open and relock with a special tool, avoiding damage to your luggage or lock if a physical inspection is required. Look for the words TSA or TSA-approved on the lock s packaging.) Outside of the U.S., we strongly recommend that you lock your luggage as a preventative measure against theft. FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 20

Packing Just What You Need LUGGAGE LIMITATIONS In addition to the international flights, you will also take domestic flights within the region on your main trip. The luggage limits on these flights might be less than the allowance for your international flights. This means that even if your international airline offers a larger weight limit, you will need to pack according to the lower restrictions, as indicated below. Main trip only Pre- and post-trip extensions Number of Pieces One checked bag and one carry-on per person Type of Luggage Duffle bag or softsided suitcase. Please do not bring a hardsided (clamshell) suitcase. Weight Restrictions Checked luggage: 50 lbs total Same Same Same Same Remarks and Suggestions Special Size Restrictions? Standard airline size: checked luggage should not exceed 62 linear inches (length+ width + depth) and carry-on should not exceed 45 linear inches The Dirty Harry luggage rule: The limits in the chart above are based on the airlines published restrictions. The enforcement of luggage limits is a matter of airline corporate policy. It may not be consistent in all situations and may include random spot checks, especially for carry-on luggage. Airline penalties and fines, however, will probably be immediate when and if enforcement occurs. Before you choose to go above the airline s published restrictions, you should first ask: Do I feel lucky? (And if the answer is yes, then you should accept that you might be charged a fee by the airlines.) Luggage storage during the Amazon extension: If you are taking the pre-trip extension, The Amazon Rainforest of Peru, it may be helpful for you to leave your high altitude gear behind at your Lima hotel and just take your rainforest gear on the extension. If you chose to take advantage of this service, please bring an extra bag that can be locked and left behind. You will be able to pick up this left luggage when you return to Lima for the beginning of the main trip. Luggage storage during the Bolivia extension: If you are taking the post-trip extension, Bolivia: Sucre, Potosi & the Uyuni Salt Flats, you will have the option to store luggage at the hotel in La Paz at the end of your main trip. If you chose to take advantage of this service, please bring an extra bag that can be locked and left behind. You will be able to pick up this left luggage when you return to La Paz before returning home. Remember, these limits can change. If the airline(s) notifies us of any changes, we will include an update in your Final Documents booklet. You should also confirm both luggage restrictions and luggage fees directly with your U.S./international airline a week or so before your departure. Doing so will keep you up-to-date on any last-minute changes, new security measures, or new fees. Most airlines are now charging fees for checked luggage, even on some international flights. These fees are not included in your trip price; they are payable directly to the airlines. For your convenience, we maintain a list of the toll-free numbers for the most common airlines on our website under the FAQ section. FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 21

Packing Just What You Need Clothing Suggestions Functional Tips As you will experience a wide range of temperatures and weather conditions, we suggest several layers of clothing. If you like to hand-wash your clothes, look for fabrics that will dry out overnight. You can buy clothing designed especially for travel, with features like wrinkle-resistant fabric or built-in sun protection. You ll want fairly good-quality rain gear for the Amazon jungle visit (if you take the optional Amazon Rain Forest of Peru extension). Camouflage colors: If you are taking the optional Amazon Rain Forest of Peru pre-trip extension, we recommend bringing earth-colored clothing (shades of greens, browns, and grays). These colors will camouflage your presence in the jungle and afford you a better opportunity to spot wildlife. Footwear: You ll be on your feet a lot during the trip, and walking over some rough and slippery surfaces. We recommend you wear sturdy walking shoes or similar supportive sports shoes that offer good traction. If you opt for sandals, choose a pair with a secure ankle strap, such as Tevas. For the Amazon we recommend that you bring mud shoes, a pair of old or very inexpensive sneakers. These are used in the Amazon area for hiking on trails that may be wet, muddy, or submerged. Walking sticks: Many past travelers to Peru and Bolivia have recommended bringing a folding walking stick or folding ski pole. (On the Amazon Rain Forest of Peru pre-trip extension, our Amazon lodge supplies walking sticks for guests to use in the rain forest, but you may want one when exploring other sites.) This is very useful when exploring Inca ruins and trails that don t have handrails. Style Hints Dress on our trip is functional and casual. You might want to bring one slightly dressier outfit for dining on your own at nicer restaurants, but that is totally up to you. FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 22

Packing Just What You Need Traveler s Checklists Did you know that the top two comments travelers have about packing are I wish I had brought less and I wish I had thought to double-check the weather? In an effort to help you bring less, we offer these lists, which have been compiled from suggestions by Trip Leaders and former travelers. The lists are only jumping-off points they offer recommendations based on experience, but not requirements. You might also want to refer to the climate charts in this handbook or online weather forecasts before you pack. And finally, remember the Golden Rule of Packing Light whatever you think you need at first take half the clothes and twice the money. Recommended Clothing Checklist Shirts: A mixture of short and long-sleeved shirts in a breathable fabric, like cotton or cotton-blend. Polo shirts are more versatile than T-shirts. Sleeveless shirts are an option, but they leave your arms exposed to insects, so don t forget the repellent. Previous travelers have suggested quick-drying fabrics for the Amazon extension; with the heat and humidity it takes a while for things to dry. Trousers and/or jeans: Comfortable and loose fitting is best. Walking shorts: Cut long for modesty Shoes and socks: A pair of sturdy walking shoes or supportive sports shoes that offer good traction are key. A pair of sport sandals with secure ankle strap (such as Tevas or Merrell) may be useful. For the Amazon extension, a pair of mud shoes may be useful. For socks, consider bringing a couple heavy pairs for hiking and a couple pairs that can get wet. Light wool or fleece sweater and/or a Polartec fleece jacket Light rain jacket/windbreaker with hood or poncho. Wide-brim sun hat or visor for sun protection Underwear and sleepwear Optional: Swimsuit, especially if you are taking the optional Amazon extension Other Essential Items Daily essentials: toothbrush, toothpaste, floss, hairbrush or comb, shaving items, deodorant, etc. Our hotels will provide the basics like soap and shampoo, but if you are sensitive to fragrances or new products, you may wish to bring your preferred brands. Most hotels do not provide a washcloth, so you may wish to pack one. Spare eyeglasses/contact lenses; sunglasses Sunscreen, SPF 15 or stronger Insect repellent with DEET (30%-35% strength) Light folding umbrella Moisturizer and sun-blocking lip balm Pocket-size tissues Moist towelettes and/or anti-bacterial "water-free" hand cleanser Flashlight, extra batteries/bulb. In some places, electricity is supplied by a generator, so the lighting may not be as bright as you are used to. This is particularly useful on the Amazon extension because not all rain forest lodges have electricity in the room. Cold-water hand-wash laundry soap such as Woolite and plastic hang-up clothespins Folding walking stick: This is highly recommended for this tour, as many ruins do not have handrails. Electrical transformer & plug adapters: see "A Word about Electricity" for details FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 23

Packing Just What You Need Camera gear with extra batteries or battery charger Medicines & First Aid Gear Your own prescription medicines Travel first aid kit: Band-Aids, headache and pain relief, laxatives and anti-diarrhea tablets, something for upset stomach. Maybe a cold remedy, moleskin foot pads, antibiotic cream, or allergy medication. An antibiotic medication for gastrointestinal illness Optional: A strong prescription pain medication for rare emergency purposes Optional: Altitude sickness medication Optional for travelers on the pre-trip extension to the Amazon: Anti-malarial medication discuss with your doctor first Optional Gear (These are items that other travelers have suggested might be useful, depending on your needs. The extra spaces at the end are for you to add whatever you don t want to forget.) Travel alarm or travel watch with alarm Lightweight binoculars (essential if birding) Hanging toiletry bag (with hook to hang on doorknob and pockets to organize items) Basic sewing kit Hand-wash laundry soap such as Woolite and plastic hang-up clothespins Hair dryer Travel journal/note pad and pens Reading materials Home address book Photos or postcards from home, small gift for home-hosted visit Phrase book Pocket-size calculator for exchange rates Inflatable seat cushion for bumpy roads FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 24

Packing Just What You Need A Word about Electricity When traveling overseas, there are a few differences to keep in mind about electricity. First, the voltage is usually different. Second, the plugs might not be the same shape. Lastly, the availability of power can vary. Voltage Electricity in Peru and Bolivia is 220 volts. Most of the things a traveler will want to plug in battery chargers, MP3 players, tablets or computers can run off both 110 and 220. But you should check the item or the owner s guide first to confirm this before you plug it in. If you have something that needs 110 volts like a shaver or a hairdryer you can bring a transformer to change the current. (But transformers tend to burn out, so it might be better to leave whatever it is at home.) Plugs The shape of plugs will vary from country to country, and sometimes even within a country depending on when that building was built. Different plug shapes are named by letters of the alphabet Type A, Type B, and so on. Standard U.S. plugs are Type A and Type B. Here is the list of plugs for the countries on this trip: Overall, A, B, and C are by far the most common plugs in this region. Peru: A, B, or C Bolivia: A, B, or C To plug something from the U.S. into a C socket you ll need an adapter that fits between the plug and the socket. Even though you ll only need a Type C plug adapter on this trip, it may be a good idea to invest in an all-in-one, universal adapter/converter combo. Versatile and lightweight, this item will ensure that you are prepared for your current trip as well as future adventures. You can usually find them at your local electronics goods or hardware stores. Sometimes you can buy them at large retailers too, like Target or Walmart. If you forget to bring an adapter, you might also find them for sale at the airport when you arrive at your destination. Availability A constant electricity supply cannot be guaranteed during overnight stays. In some places like our jungle lodge during the Amazon extension a generator may supply electricity for a limited period of time each day (for example, from 6pm-10pm), and lighting may not be as bright as you are used to. Travelers dependent on electricity supply (as in the case of those with sleep apnea) should consider a different adventure or ensure their apparatus has back-up battery power.. FWA.FWZ 16 08/04/15 Page 25