HANG GLIDING FEDERATION of AUSTRALIA SUPERVISED PILOT TRAINING WORKBOOK Hang Gliding Issued - May, 1997 Revised - January, 2000; August, 2011; May 2012
TRAINEE PILOT DETAILS Name: Home Address:...... Telephone: Instructor/s:...... This workbook outlines the training requirements to be completed prior to issue of a HGFA Supervised Hang Gliding Pilot Certificate. All phases of this workbook must be completed by the student. This training program is divided into two parts theory and practical. The theory phases must be completed by the student, in conjunction with the Instructor during the pilot certificate course. Some phases may be completed as home study. In either instance, the Instructor is required to check the notes taken by the student for accuracy and discuss each theory question to ensure that the student gains a full understanding of all theory aspects of the program. On completion of the Theory Phases of the Workbook, the Student Pilot is required to sit (and pass to the required standard) the HGFA Supervised Pilot Certificate Theory Examination. Each practical phase must be completed by the Student and each day s flying logged by the student. The Instructor is to countersign each day s Log and complete the Student Skill Assessment column. Once the Instructor is satisfied that all theory and practical requirements for Certificate issue have been completed, the Supervised Certificate Application Form and Instructor Declaration (last page) are to be completed, detached from the Workbook and forwarded to the HGFA Head Office. Theory References: Hang Gliding for Beginner Pilots, 3 rd Edition by Peter Cheney HGFA Operations Manual (Referred to as Cheney) (Referred to as Ops Man.)
This Workbook must be retained by the Student Pilot for future reference and must be provided to the HGFA Operations Manager on request. Failure to provide a completed Workbook may lead to Pilot Certificate suspension until an appropriately completed Workbook can be provided. PILOT TRAINING COURSE OVERVIEW Theory Phases Practical Phases as per Ops Man. 8.3 1. The Wing & Why It Works 1. Glider Set-up / Break down 2. Flight Skills to Beginner Level 2. Preparation for Flight 3. Meteorology / Flying Conditions 3. Ground Handling 4. Flight Planning 4. Launching the Glider 5. Emergencies (1) 5. Level and Straight Flight 6. Aerodynamics & Speeds to Fly 6. Approach and Landing 7. Soaring Strategies 7. Turning 8. Differing Launch Environments 8. Stalling 9. Flight Rules (1) 9. Flight Planning 10. Emergencies (2) 10. General Operations 11. Flight Rules (2) 12. Observation 13. Equipment Selection and Maintenance
1. The Wing & Why It Works 1.1 How does a wing make lift? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 2) 1.2 What is air speed? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 2) 1.3 What is ground speed? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 2) 1.4 What is wind speed? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 2) 1.5 What is the relationship between wind speed, air speed & ground speed (Refer: Cheney Chapter 2) 1.6 What is a stall? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 2) 1.7 When does a stall occur? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 2) 1.8 How do you recognise a stall? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 2) 1.9 How can we avoid a stall? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 2)
1.10 How and why does a hang glider recover from a stall? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 2) 1.11 How does a pilot achieve trim speed in a hang glider? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 4) 1.12 What should trim speed be in relation to stall speed? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 4) 1.13 What devices on a hang glider ensure dive recovery? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 7) 1 Date Commenced: Date Completed: Signed by Student: Checked & signed by Instructor:
2. Flight Skills to Beginner Level 2.1 The final checklist before the launch run is: (Refer: Cheney Chapter 3 & Instructor) H P B C.......... 2.2 What steps can be taken to remedy these common launch problems: (Refer: Cheney Chapter 3 & Instructor) (a) Nose too high... (b) Nose too low... (c) Wings not level... (d) Jumping into the glider... 2.3 What technique is used to make a gentle course correction? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 3 and Instructor) 2.4 What technique is used to make a large / rapid course correction? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 3 and Instructor) 2.5 What should you do if your glider does not seem to be responding to your roll inputs?
2.6 What steps can be taken to remedy these course correction problems? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 3 and Instructor) (a) Flying too slow... (b) Cross controlling... (c) Over controlling.. (d) Under controlling.. 2.7 How do we make a hang glider go faster? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 3 and Instructor) 2.8 How do we make a hang glider go slower? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 3 and Instructor) 2.9 Draw and label the basic phases of a landing. Indicate what percentage above stall speed is held and where it is reduced: (Refer: Cheney Chapter 3 and Instructor) 2.10 What air speed is maintained on landing approach until round out? Why? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 3 & Instructor)
2.11 What steps can be taken to remedy these landing problems? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 3 & Instructor) (a) Landing on knees or wheels... (b) Ballooning... (c) Dropping a wing tip... (d) Landing in a turn.. (e) Landing too fast.. 2.12 Why do we land into the wind with wings level? 2 Date Commenced: Date Completed: Signed by Student: Checked & signed by Instructor:
3 Meteorology / Flying Conditions 3.1 During sunny weather, what is often the predominant wind flow on the coast: (Refer: Cheney Chapter 5) (a) during the afternoon?... (b) during the early morning?.. 3.2 Complete the following diagrams of various shaped hills and ridges by denoting areas of lift; areas of sink and areas where turbulence would be present. Also draw lines to demonstrate wind flow. Arrows denote wind direction.
3.3 Wind direction/strength can be different at the launch area compared to the landing area, list three possible causes: (Refer: Cheney Chapter 5 and Instructor) 3.4 What is turbulence? List three likely causes. (Refer: Cheney Chapters 5 & 9 and Instructor) 3.5 What two factors contribute to terrain induced turbulence? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 5 & Instructor) 3.6 Why does turbulence increase with stronger winds? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 5 & Instructor) 3.7 We fly at best L/D (pulled in from trim) in turbulence for control and safety. Why is this the best speed? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 9) 3.8 What do we look at to judge wind strength and direction? (Refer: Cheney Chapters 5 & 8) (a) Whilst in flight:... (b) Whilst on the ground:.... 3.9 What is wind gradient? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 5)
3.10 When does wind gradient affect us? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 5) 3.11 How do we cope with wind gradient? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 5) 3.12 What meteorological conditions must be considered before deciding to fly? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 5 & Instructor) 3 Date Commenced: Date Completed: Signed by Student: Checked & signed by Instructor:
4 Flight Planning 4.1 Why should pilots always plan their flight before launch? (Refer: Instructor) 4.2 What techniques can be utilized to ensure that you are flying at an appropriate airspeed? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 8 & Instructor) 4.3 (a) Why should the landing field be inspected prior to first flying from a site? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 8 & Instructor) (b) Why should you have a back-up landing zone plan in mind? 4.4 What factors must be considered when choosing a landing area from the air? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 8 & Instructor) W W S S S............................ 4.5 What should you do if you are unsure of clearing a power line or other obstacle to reach your preferred landing field? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 8 & Instructor) 4.6 Why is it important to hold on extra speed and look ahead on landing approach? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 8 & Instructor)
4.7 In which situations would you: (Refer: Cheney Chapters 7 & 8 and Instructor) (a) Fly a little faster than trim (pulled in for extra airspeed), which gives best L/D? (b) Fly slower than trim, but not stalled which gives you minimum sink rate? When is it not safe to fly this slow? (c) Fly at faster than best L/D speed (holding in firmly)?.. 4.8 Why does the hang glider sink more quickly with greater bank angle? (Refer: Cheney Chapters 8 & 9) 4.9 Why is it unsafe to turn steeply when close to the ground? (Refer: Cheney Chapters 5 & 8 and Instructor) 4.10 Why must we deliberately increase airspeed from the downwind leg of the landing approach?
4.11 The two most common landing approaches used in hang gliding are the standard aircraft landing approach and the figure eight approach. Complete the following diagram by drawing a line to represent the two different approach paths. 4.12 When would you use each approach? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each? 4.13 How would you vary these approaches to land in a cross-wind?. 4 Date Commenced: Date Completed: Signed by Student: Checked & signed by Instructor:
5 Emergencies (1) 5.1 In flight how do we recognize: (Refer: Cheney Chapter 3 & Instructor) (a) An impending stall?... (b) A full stall?. 5.2 What is the recovery procedure from the following situations? (Refer: Cheney Chapters 3 & 10 and Instructor) (a) Stall from straight flight... (b) Stall in a turn... 5.3 You have slowed too early and find yourself at 10 ft from the ground with little air speed. What should you do to make the softest possible landing? 5.4 You are travelling downwind, glider facing hill and you have slowed to stall, landing on hillside is unavoidable. What do you do to make the softest possible landing? 5.5 What do you do if you are about to overshoot the beach and may land in the surf? (Refer: Instructor) 5 Date Commenced: Date Completed: Signed by Student: Checked & signed by Instructor:
6 Aerodynamics and Speeds to Fly 6.1 Define the following terms: (Refer: Cheney Chapters 2, 7 & 8 and Instructor) (a) Relative airflow.. (b) Angle of attack... (c) Lift. (d) Parasitic (or profile) drag. (e) Induced drag... 6.2 What happens to lift and induced drag as the angle of attack increases? (Refer: Cheney Chapters 2 & 7) 6.3 Draw lines to demonstrate airflow over these wing profiles:
6.4 How do the following affect stall speed: (Refer: Cheney Chapters 4 & 7) (a) Pilot weight?... (b) Angle of bank?... 6.5 At a constant airspeed what influence does flying into a head wind have on ground speed: (Refer: Cheney Chapter 7 and Instructor) 6.6 When flying into a head wind of 15 kts should you fly faster or slower than best L/D to maximize distance over the ground? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 7 and Instructor) 6.7 At a constant airspeed what influence does flying with a tail wind have on ground speed? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 7 and Instructor) 6.8 When flying with a tail wind should you fly faster or slower than best L/D to maximize distance over the ground? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 7 and Instructor) 6.9 At a constant airspeed what influence does flying in sinking air have on distance over the ground? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 7 and Instructor) 6.10 To maximize distance whilst flying in sinking air is best to fly faster or slower than best L/D? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 7 and Instructor) 6.11 At a constant airspeed what influence does flying in lifting air have on distance over the ground? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 7 and Instructor) 6.12 To maximize climb rate and distance over the ground whilst flying in lifting air, should you fly faster or slower than best L/D? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 7 and Instructor) 6 Date Commenced: Date Completed: Signed by Student: Checked & signed by Instructor:
7 Soaring Strategies 7.1 What meteorological conditions are needed for your first few soaring flights? Why? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 9 and Instructor) 7.2 In relation to the ridge, in which direction should all turns be made when first attempting ridge soaring? What important check must be made before initiating a turn? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 9 and Instructor) 7.3 How does glider airspeed affect sink rate? How can this influence soaring? (Refer: Cheney Chapters 7 & 9 and Instructor) 7.4 How does the degree of bank angle affect glider sink rate? How can this influence soaring? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 9)
7.5 You have been ridge soaring for a short while when the wind strength drops to a point where you begin to sink below launch height. What should you do? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 9 and Instructor) 7.6 You have been ridge soaring for a short while when the wind strength increases to a point where you have very little ground speed. What should you do? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 9 and Instructor) Thermal Soaring Skills 7.7 Whilst you are ridge soaring you encounter a thermal and wish to circle in it to gain more height. What is the danger in this? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 9 and Instructor) 7.8 Why can there be turbulence around a thermal? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 9 and Instructor) 7.9 What instrument is used to assist in determining glider sink rate? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 9) 7.10 When should you get into a prone flying position? (Refer: Instructor)
7.11 Draw a (side view) diagram of a typical thermal with arrows indicating lift and sink. (Refer: Cheney Chapter 9 and Instructor) 7 Date Commenced: Date Completed: Signed by Student: Checked & signed by Instructor:
8 Differing Launch Environments 8.1 What factors must be considered and what techniques must be adopted when: (Refer: Cheney Chapters 3 & 8 and Instructor) (a) Launching from a ramp in light wind? (b) Launching from a limited length run to a steep drop in light wind? (c) Launching from a passage cut out of a treed ridge in a light crosswind? (d) Launching from a passage cut out of a treed ridge in an 8 knot plus crosswind?... (e) Launching from a cleared run above a treed ridge in a strong headwind? (f) Launching from a high altitude site on a very hot and humid day? (g) Launching in strong wind on the coast?
(h) Launching in a strong wind inland? (i) Launching in a light wind on the coast? (j) Launching in a light wind inland? 8 Date Commenced: Date Completed: Signed by Student: Checked & signed by Instructor:
9 Flight Rules (1) - Rules of the Air (Refer: Cheney Chapter 9, Ops Man. 6.7 and Instructor) 9.1 What are the rules of the air in the following circumstances: (a) When two gliders approach head-on in clear air at similar altitudes? (b) When two gliders approach head-on along a ridge at similar altitudes?.... (c) When a faster glider overtakes another? (d) When joining a thermal?. (e) When flying in a crowded sky?. (f) When a hang glider climbs up to another?. (g) When entering a thermal below a sailplane?... (h) When two gliders approach at right angles at a similar altitude?... 9.2 What are a pilot s responsibilities in regard to right of way?. 9.3 What are a pilot s responsibilities in regard to collision avoidance?... 9 Date Commenced: Date Completed: Signed by Student: Checked & signed by Instructor:
10 Emergencies (2) 10.1 What are the dangers of flying near or in cloud? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 10 & Instructor) 10.2 What do you do in the following situations? (Refer: Cheney Chapters 3 & 10 and Instructor) (a) You cannot avoid landing in trees... (b) You have made an error in judgement and find yourself on final approach at twenty feet above ground height with a tailwind in excess of 8 knots 10.3 You have dropped out of the lift and your landing choices are: trees, rocks, surf, water, tailwind on the beach. List in order of priority and explain your decisions. (Refer: Cheney Chapters 3 & 10 and Instructor) 10.4 What should you do if your glider does not seem to be responding to your roll inputs? 10.5 When must we report an accident or incident and what is the reporting procedure? (Refer: Ops Man. 5.5) 10 Date Commenced: Date Completed: Signed by Student: Checked & signed by Instructor:
11 Flight Rules (2) Flight Rules & Procedures 11.1 When may a person act as pilot-in-command of a hang glider? (Refer: Ops Man. 3.5 & 6.1.1) 11.2 Where would you find the Civil Aviation Order which applies to hang gliding? (Refer: Ops Man. 3.5) 11.3 What is the purpose of the HGFA Operations Manual? What does it contain? (Refer: Ops Man. 1.2) 11.4 Define the following terms, and give their significance: (Refer: Ops Man. 4, 6.5.1 and 6.8) (a) The abbreviation CAO.. (b) The abbreviation CAR.. (c) The altimetry term AMSL... (d) The altimetry term AGL. (e) The abbreviation CTA.. (f) OCTA / Class G airspace. 11.5 What are the VMC criteria below 10,000 amsl? (Refer: Ops Man. 6.5.1)
11.6 What additional equipment is mandatory when flying above 300 agl? (Refer: Ops Man. 6.4.1) 11.7 What are the height limits and legal requirements when operating a hang glider: (a) Inside CTA, whilst outside the exclusion zone? (Refer: Ops Man. 6.5.11)... (b) OCTA or in Class G airspace? (Refer: Ops Man. 6.5.11). (c) Within 10NM of registered, certified or military non-towered aerodromes? (Refer: Instructor) (e) Over any city, town or populous area? (Refer: Ops Man. 6.5.8). (f) In the vicinity of spectators? (Refer: Ops Man. 6.5.8).. 11.8 What is the HGFA recommended time between parachute repacks? (Refer: Ops Man. 9.1.5 and 9.4.2) 11.9 What are the responsibilities of a Supervised Pilot in regard to: (Refer: Ops Man. 6.1.5 & 7.3.2.4 and Instructor) (a) Flight restrictions... (b) Advice... (c) Supervision... (d) Identification... 11.10 Why are these responsibilities imposed upon a Supervised Pilot?. 11.11 Which rule of hang gliding differs from those of sailplanes?. 11 Date Commenced: Date Completed: Signed by Student: Checked & signed by Instructor:
12 Observation 12.1 Whilst flying, how would you notice and what would be the effect of the following change in conditions when ridge soaring? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 5 and Instructor) (a) Increasing wind strength..... (b) Reducing wind strength. (c) Change in wind direction... (d) Approach of squall or storm whilst ridge soaring.. (e) Approach of squall or storm whilst thermalling... 12.3 If you fly behind another aircraft you will find turbulence, what causes this?... 12 Date Commenced: Date Completed: Signed by Student: Checked & signed by Instructor:
13 Equipment Selection and Maintenance 13.1 What qualities and rating should you find in a glider suited to a supervised pilot? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 6 and Instructor) 13.2 Intermediate and advanced (high performance) hang gliders are not suited to supervised pilots. Why? (Refer: Ops Man. 7.3.2.4) 13.3 Why is it important to fly a glider of appropriate size for pilot weight? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 6 and Instructor) 13.4 Where would you find out what maintenance is required to be carried out on a glider? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 6 and Ops Man. 9.4.3) 13.5 What extra equipment should be fitted to the glider to minimise injury in the event of a hard landing? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 6 and Instructor) 13.6 What extra equipment may be useful on the pilot? (Refer: Cheney Chapter 6 and Instructor) 13.7 Why is it important to have an unfamiliar (or new) glider inspected, test flown and correctly trimmed by an instructor or a glider manufacturer? 13 Date Commenced: Date Completed: Signed by Student: Checked & signed by Instructor:
Practical Phases as detailed in Ops Man. 8.3 The following syllabus specifies the minimum standards of ability required for issue of a Supervised Hang Gliding Pilot Certificate. The percentage values are used to indicate the minimum degree of ability required for each individual item within a particular subject as follows:- % skill 50% Assisted by the instructor to perform the activity correctly (eg wire/keel assisted launch; constant radio direction for soaring) 75% Ability to perform the activity correctly without assistance, but under carefully supervised conditions (eg high glides without radio instructions; soaring without radio instructions but with complete debrief and flight analysis) 100% Ability to perform the skill sequence correctly and adjusts actions automatically to cope with emergencies or environmental fluctuations, without instructional supervision or assistance. Note: The percentages indicated define the minimum acceptable standards, for issue of the Supervised Hang Gliding Pilot Certificate, to be achieved prior to undergoing a flight test. Flight Training Syllabus Hang Gliding Skill Ab Initio Flights > 200ft AGL Supervised Certificate 1. Aircraft Set-up 100% 100% 100% 2. Preparation for Flight Pre-flight inspection 100% 100% 100% Harness / helmet check 100% 100% 100% Attachment / hang check 100% 100% 100% 3. Ground Handling Assessment of conditions 50% 75% 100% Establishment / attitude 75% 75% 100% Pre take off check 75% 100% 100% 4. Launch Phase Smooth acceleration 75% 100% 100% Control of pitch & roll throughout take off 75% 75% 100% Smooth transition to flight 75% 75% 100% Nil wind take off 50% 100% 100% Light moderate wind take off 75% 100% 100% Slight cross wind take off 50% 75% 100% Moderate wind take off N/A N/A 75% Wire assisted take off N/A N/A 50% 5. Level and Straight Flight Control of pitch, attitude & airspeed 75% 100% 100% Control of roll & yaw 75% 75% 100% Maintenance of heading 75% 100% 100% Airspeed accuracy at trim speed, best glide, minimum sink 50% 75% 100% for conditions & situation Prone or harness entry N/A 50% 100%
Skill Ab Initio Flights > 200ft AGL 6. Approach and Landing Final approach, wings level, accuracy of airspeed, glide adjustment and body position Supervised Certificate 75% 100% Final flare with appropriate timing & power for conditions 50% 75% 100% Approach planning 75% 100% Adaption of approach for changed conditions or 50% 100% emergency Height loss manoeuvring N/A N/A 50% Moderate cross wind final approach leg N/A N/A 50% Post landing glider control 75% 100% 100% 7. Turning Shallow bank / heading maintenance 75% 100% 100% Look out & traffic separation 50% 100% Efficient turns for height conservation 50% 100% Descending turns & control of slip 50% 75% Turns in lifting air 50% 100% 360º turns, shallow & steep N/A 50% 100% Control close to hill 50% 8. Stalling Recognition of approach of stall 50% 100% 100% The stall 75% 100% Recovery from straight & level stall 75% 100% Recovery when wing drops 75% 100% 9. Flight Planning Observation & interpretation of conditions 75% 100% Crosswind drift allowances & crabbing flight 50% 100% Ridge soaring strategies 50% 100% Airspace limitations & restrictions 50% 75% Emergency procedures 50% 100% Forecast interpretation 50% 10. General Operations Flight log keeping 75% 100% Flight rules & procedures 75% 100% Site regulations & Safety Officer / Duty Officer system 75% 100% Mixed operations 50%
SAMPLE PILOT LOG Subsequent logs to be completed by student DATE May 10 th, 2012 AIRCRAFT Airbone F2 LANDINGS 6 WEATHER SE 0-5 knots, smooth in morning, thermal gusts later FLIGHT DETAILS LAUNCH AIRFIELD New World Airpark Six training slope flights in afternoon must maintain smooth pitch angle when changing grip during launch run by keeping constant holding in pressure from start to lift off. Look ahead & use big steps for smoothest & straightest acceleration. Relax elbows & grip to find trim, make sure trim is found before flaring. Flare with open hands for most effective flare in light winds. Keep feet together for stability in flight. Got too gusty so did theory phases 1, 2 & 3. DISTANCE LANDING DESTINATION New World Airpark PILOT Billy Bloggs INSTRUCTOR Ju stly Do- Right FLIGHT DURATION DUAL 10 min. TOTAL AIRTIME DUAL 10 min DAY 1 DATE AIRCRAFT LANDINGS WEATHER LAUNCH AIRFIELD FLIGHT DETAILS DISTANCE LANDING DESTINATION PILOT INSTRUCTOR FLIGHT DURATION DUAL TOTAL AIRTIME DUAL Instructor comments:-
DAY 2 DATE AIRCRAFT LANDINGS WEATHER LAUNCH AIRFIELD FLIGHT DETAILS DISTANCE LANDING DESTINATION PILOT INSTRUCTOR FLIGHT DURATION DUAL TOTAL AIRTIME DUAL Instructor comments:- DAY 3 DATE AIRCRAFT LANDINGS WEATHER LAUNCH AIRFIELD FLIGHT DETAILS DISTANCE LANDING DESTINATION PILOT INSTRUCTOR FLIGHT DURATION DUAL TOTAL AIRTIME DUAL Instructor comments:
DAY 4 DATE AIRCRAFT LANDINGS WEATHER LAUNCH AIRFIELD FLIGHT DETAILS DISTANCE LANDING DESTINATION PILOT INSTRUCTOR FLIGHT DURATION DUAL TOTAL AIRTIME DUAL Instructor comments:- DAY 5 DATE AIRCRAFT LANDINGS WEATHER LAUNCH AIRFIELD FLIGHT DETAILS DISTANCE PILOT FLIGHT DURATION Instructor comments:- LANDING DESTINATION INSTRUCTOR TOTAL AIRTIME
DAY 6 DATE AIRCRAFT LANDINGS WEATHER LAUNCH AIRFIELD FLIGHT DETAILS DISTANCE LANDING DESTINATION PILOT INSTRUCTOR FLIGHT DURATION DUAL TOTAL AIRTIME DUAL Instructor comments:- DAY 7 DATE AIRCRAFT LANDINGS WEATHER LAUNCH AIRFIELD FLIGHT DETAILS DISTANCE PILOT FLIGHT DURATION Instructor comments:- LANDING DESTINATION INSTRUCTOR TOTAL AIRTIME
DAY 8 DATE AIRCRAFT LANDINGS WEATHER LAUNCH AIRFIELD FLIGHT DETAILS DISTANCE LANDING DESTINATION PILOT INSTRUCTOR FLIGHT DURATION DUAL TOTAL AIRTIME DUAL Instructor comments:- DAY 9 DATE AIRCRAFT LANDINGS WEATHER LAUNCH AIRFIELD FLIGHT DETAILS DISTANCE PILOT FLIGHT DURATION Instructor comments:- LANDING DESTINATION INSTRUCTOR TOTAL AIRTIME
DAY 10 DATE AIRCRAFT LANDINGS WEATHER LAUNCH AIRFIELD FLIGHT DETAILS DISTANCE LANDING DESTINATION PILOT INSTRUCTOR FLIGHT DURATION DUAL TOTAL AIRTIME DUAL Instructor comments:- DAY 11 DATE AIRCRAFT LANDINGS WEATHER LAUNCH AIRFIELD FLIGHT DETAILS DISTANCE PILOT FLIGHT DURATION Instructor comments:- LANDING DESTINATION INSTRUCTOR TOTAL AIRTIME