Republic of Iraq Ministry of Transport Iraq Civil Aviation Authority REGULATIONS (20) OPERATIONS

Republic of Iraq Ministry of Transport Iraq Civil Aviation Authority REGULATIONS (20) OPERATIONS

Amendments Location Date Description II

Location Date Description III

Location Date Description IV

INTRODUCTION Regulations No. 20 "Operations" presents the regulatory requirements for the operation of civil aircraft in commercial air transport. This document contains regulations, schedules and implementing standards. The regulations are the regulatory requirements which must be complied with as applicable; the schedules are guidelines for specific regulations, while implementing standards presents a supplement to some regulations. The Director General may amend these regulations whenever it is determined that the aviation safety requires such amendment. V

Table of Contents Item Contents Page Title Page I Amendments II Introduction V Table of Contents VI Iraq Civil Aviation Regulations No. 20 Operations 1 20.1 Citation 1 20.2 Definitions and Abbreviations 1 20.3 Applicability of Regulations 9 Part I: General Operations Requirements 10 20.4 Registration Markings 10 20.5 General Operations of Aircraft 10 20.6 Special Flight Permit 10 20.7 Aircraft Instrument and Equipment 10 20.8 Inoperative Instruments and Equipment 10 20.9 Aircraft Flight Manual and Aircraft Operating Manual 11 20.10 Aircraft and Equipment Inspections 12 20.11 Documents Required on Board an Aircraft 13 20.12 Transport of Dangerous Goods 14 20.13 Safe Transport of Goods 15 20.14 Forbidden Goods 15 20.15 Classification of Dangerous Goods 15 20.16 Packing of Dangerous Goods 16 20.17 Labeling and Marking of Dangerous Goods 16 20.18 Dangerous Goods Transport Document 16 20.19 Acceptance of Dangerous Goods by Operator or Handling Agent 16 20.20 Damage, Leaking or Contamination by Dangerous Goods 17 20.21 Removal of Contamination by Dangerous Goods 17 20.22 Loading of Dangerous Goods 18 20.23 Information on Dangerous Goods 18 20.24 Dangerous Goods Training Programmes 19 20.25 Reporting of Dangerous Goods Incident or Accident 19 Part II: Aircraft Maintenance Requirements 20 20.26 Applicability 20 20.27 General Aircraft Requirements 20 20.28 Operator Requirements for Aircraft 21 20.29 Inspection of Aircraft 21 20.30 Amendment to Aircraft Inspection Programme 25 20.31 Maintenance Records of Aircraft 25 20.32 Maintenance Records Retention 26 20.33 Transfer of Maintenance Records 27 Part III: Flight Crew Requirements 28 20.34 Composition of Flight Crew 28 20.35 Qualification for Flight Crew 30 20.36 Requirements for Flight Crew 30 VI

Item Contents Page 20.37 Commercial Air Transport Services Requirements 31 20.38 Requirements for Instrument Flight Rules Operations 31 20.39 Category II or Category III Operations 31 20.40 Pilot Log Book Requirements 32 20.41 Pilot in Command Recency Requirements 32 20.42 Instrument Flight Rules for Instrument Metrological Conditions 32 Requirements 20.43 Co-pilot Recency Requirements 33 20.44 General Aviation Pilot Proficiency Requirements 33 20.45 Privileges and Limitations of Pilots 34 Part IV: Crew Member Duties and Responsibilities 35 20.46 Crew Responsibilities 35 20.47 Pilot in Command Authority 37 20.48 Compliance with Regulations of a Territory 37 20.49 Negligent or Reckless Operations of Aircraft 38 20.50 Fitness of Flight Crew 38 20.50A Crew Member use of Narcotics, Drugs or Intoxicating Liquor 38 20.51 Crew Member Seat Belts an Shoulder Harnesses 39 20.52 Duty Station Requirements for Flight Crew 39 20.53 Emergency duties of Flight Crew 40 20.54 Required Equipment for Crew 40 20.55 Checklist Procedures Compliance 40 20.56 Search and Rescue Information 40 20.57 Aircraft and Flight Documentation 40 20.58 Cockpit Compartment Security for Commercial Air Transport Operations 41 20.59 General Admission to Cockpit 41 20.60 Admission to Cockpit by Inspector 41 20.61 In-flight Fuel Management Requirements 42 20.62 Flight Crew Duties During Critical Phases of Flight 42 20.63 Manipulation of the Controls in Commercial Air Transport Operations 42 20.64 Simulated Abnormal Situations 42 20.65 Technical logbook 43 20.66 Reporting Mechanical Irregularities 43 20.67 General Reporting Procedures for Occurrences 43 20.68 Reporting procedures for Accidents and Serious Incidents 44 20.69 Air Traffic Incidents Reporting Procedures 44 20.70 Airborne Collision Avoidance System 45 20.71 Bird Hazards and Bird Strikes 45 20.72 In-flight Emergency Reporting 45 20.73 Unlawful Interference Reporting Procedures 45 20.74 Potentially Hazardous Conditions Reporting Procedures 46 20.75 Cockpit Voice Recorder and Flight Data Recorder 46 20.76 Minimum Supply and use of Oxygen 46 20.77 Portable Electronic Devices 47 Part V: Flight Planning and Supervision 48 20.78 Flight Plans 48 20.79 Commercial Air Transport Operations Air Traffic Control Flight Plan 48 20.80 Flight Plan Requirements 48 20.81 Planned Re-clearance Requirements 49 VII

Item Contents Page 20.82 Changes to Flight Plan 49 20.83 Closing a Flight Plan 50 20.84 Aircraft Airworthiness and Safety Precautions Requirements 51 20.85 Adequacy of Operating Facilities 52 20.86 Meteorological Information Requirement 52 20.87 Visual Flight Rules Weather Limitations 52 20.88 Destination aerodromes Instrument Flight Rules Requirements 52 20.89 Destination Alternate Instrument Flight Rules Requirement 53 20.90 Alternate Aerodrome Selection Criteria for Instrument Flight Rules 54 20.91 Off-Shore Alternates for Helicopter Operations Requirements 54 20.92 Take-Off Alternate Aerodromes Requirements for Commercial Air 55 Transport Operations 20.93 Distance Requirement for Two-Engine Aeroplanes 56 20.94 Extended Range Operations with two-engine aeroplane 57 20.95 En Route Alternate Aerodromes for extended range operations 58 Requirements 20.96 Fuel, Oil and Oxygen Planning and Contingency Factors 58 20.97 Minimum fuel supply for Visual Flight Rules Flights 59 20.98 Minimum fuel supply for Instrument Flight Rules Flight 60 20.99 Commercial Air Transport Flight Planning Document Distribution and 60 Retention 20.100 Aircraft Loading, Mass and Balance Requirements 61 20.101 Maximum Allowable Weights to be Considered on All Load Manifests 62 20.102 Commercial Air Transport Operations Flight Release Requirements 63 20.103 Commercial Air Transport Operations Operational Flight Plan 63 Requirements 20.104 Commercial Air Transport Records of Emergency and Survival Equipment Requirement 64 Part VI: Aircraft Operating and Performance Limitations 65 20.105 Applicability 65 20.106 General Requirements for Aircraft 65 20.107 Aircraft Performance Data 65 20.108 General Weight and Obstruction Clearance Limitations 65 20.109 Applicability of Regulations 110 to 118 66 20.110 General Requirements For Aircraft Performance In Commercial Air 66 Transport 20.111 Performance Prohibitions For The Use Of Single-Engine Aircraft 66 20.112 Mass Limitations 67 20.113 Aircraft Performance Calculations 68 20.114 Take-off Limitations 69 20.115 En Route Limitations with all Engines Operating 71 20.116 En Route Limitations with One Engine In-operative 71 20.117 En Route Limitations with Two Engines Inoperative 72 20.118 Aircraft Landing Performance Limitations 73 Part VII: FLIGHT RULES 76 20.119 Applicability 76 20.120 General Flight Rules Requirements 76 20.121 Operation of Aircraft on the Ground 76 20.122 Take-off Conditions 77 VIII

Item Contents Page 20.123 Flight Into Known or Expected Icing Conditions 77 20.124 Cruising Levels with Altimeter Settings 78 20.125 General Minimum Safe Altitudes 78 20.126 Commercial Air Transport Operations Minimum Safe Visual Flight 80 Rules Altitudes 20.127 Aerodrome Operating Minima 80 20.128 Threshold Crossing Height for Precision Approaches 81 20.129 Required Instrument Approach Operating Minima 81 20.130 General Operating Rules for Category II and III Operations 82 20.131 Category II and Category III Manual 84 20.132 Diversion Decision Procedures 84 20.133 Operation Near Other Aircraft 85 20.134 General Right-of-Way Rules 85 20.135 Right-of-Way Rules for Water Operations 87 20.136 Requirements for the Use of Aircraft Lights 88 20.137 Simulated Instrument Flight Requirements 88 20.138 In-flight Simulation of Abnormal Situations 89 20.139 Requirements for Dropping, Spraying, Towing 89 20.140 Requirements for Participation in Aerobatic Flight 89 20.141 Restriction on location of Flight Test 90 20.142 Restriction on use of Aircraft in Prohibited Areas and Restricted Areas 90 20.143 Operations in Minimum Navigation Performance Specification or 90 Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum Airspace 20.144 Operations on or in the Vicinity of an Uncontrolled Aerodrome 90 20.145 Aerodrome Traffic Pattern Altitudes: Turbojet, turbofan, or Large Aircraft 91 20.146 Compliance with Visual and Electronic Glide Slopes 91 20.147 Commercial Air Transport Operations Restriction or Suspension of 91 Operations 20.148 Continuation of Flight in Commercial Air Transport Operations when 91 Destination Aerodrome is Temporarily Restricted 20.149 Interception of Civil Aircraft 91 20.150 Air Traffic Control Clearance 91 20.151 Adherence to Air Traffic Control Clearances 92 20.152 Communication Requirements 93 20.153 Route To Be Flown 93 20.154 Inadvertent Changes to Route 94 20.155 Intended Changes for Air Traffic Control Clearance 94 20.156 Position Reports 95 20.157 Operations on or in the Vicinity of a Controlled Aerodrome 95 20.158 Unlawful Interference 96 20.159 Time Checks 96 20.160 Universal Signals 97 20.161 Visual Flight Rules Flight Rules and Navigation 97 20.162 Visual Meteorological Conditions 97 20.163 Visual Flight Rules Weather Minima for Take-off and Landing 97 20.164 Special Visual Flight Rules Operations 98 20.165 Visual Flight Rules Cruising Altitudes 98 20.166 Air Traffic Control Clearances for Visual Flight Rules Flights 99 20.167 Visual Flight Rules Flights Requiring Air Traffic Control Authorization 99 20.168 Weather Deterioration Below Visual Meteorological Conditions 99 20.169 Changing from Visual Flight Rules to Instrument Flight Rules 100 IX

Item Contents Page 20.170 Two-way Radio Communication Failure in Visual Flight Rules 100 20.171 Instrument Flight Rules Flights in Controlled Airspace 100 20.172 Instrument Flight Rules Flights Outside Controlled Airspace 100 20.173 Instrument Flight Rules Take-off Minima for Commercial Air Transport 101 Operations 20.174 Minimum Altitudes for Instrument Flight Rules Operations 101 20.175 Minimum Altitudes for Use of an Autopilot 102 20.176 Instrument Flight Rules Cruising Altitude or Flight Level in Controlled 102 Airspace 20.177 Instrument Flight Rules Cruising Altitude or Flight Level in Uncontrolled 103 Airspace 20.178 Instument Flight Rules Radio Communications 103 20.179 Malfunction Reports for Operation Under Instrument Flight Rules in 103 Controlled Airspace 20.180 Continuation of Instrument Flight Rules Flight Toward a Destination 104 20.181 Instrument Approach Procedures and Instrument Flight Rules Landing 104 Minima 20.182 Commencing an Instrument Approach 104 20.183 Instrument Approaches to Civil Aerodromes 105 20.184 Operation Below Decision Height or Minimum Decent Altitude 105 20.185 Landing During Instrument Meteorological Conditions 106 20.186 Execution of a Missed Approach Procedure 106 20.187 Change from Instrument Flight Rules Flight to Visual Flight Rules Flight 107 20.188 Two-Way Radio Communications Failure in Instrument Flight Rules 107 Part VIII: Passengers and Passenger Handling 109 20.189 Unacceptable Conduct of Passengers 109 20.190 Refueling or Refueling with Passengers Embarking, on Board or 109 Disembarking 20.191 Passenger Seats, Safety Belts and Shoulder Harnesses 110 20.192 Passenger Briefing 111 20.193 In-flight Emergency Instruction 112 20.194 Minimum Supply and Use of Passenger Oxygen 112 20.195 Passenger Medication 113 20.196 Passenger Access 113 20.197 Commercial Air Transport Passenger Carrying Operations 113 20.198 Passenger Compliance with Instructions 113 20.199 Denial of Transportation of certain categories of passengers 113 20.200 Carriage of Persons without Compliance with certain Passenger-Carrying 114 Requirements 20.201 Cabin Crew at Duty Stations 114 20.202 Evacuation Capability 115 20.203 Arming of Automatic Emergency Exits 115 20.204 Accessibility of Emergency Exits and Equipment 115 20.205 Stops Where Passengers Remain on Board 115 20.206 Carriage of Persons with Reduced Mobility 116 20.207 Carriage of Inadmissible Passengers, Deportees or Persons in Custody 116 20.208 Exit Row Seating 116 20.209 Carriage of Weapons 116 20.210 Oxygen for Medical Use by Passengers 116 20.211 Carry-on Baggage 117 X

Item Contents Page 20.212 Carriage of Cargo in Passenger Compartments 117 20.213 Smoking on board Prohibition 117 20.214 Passenger Briefings 117 20.215 Passenger Briefing for Extended Over water Operations 118 20.216 Passenger Seat Belts and Information Signs 118 20.217 Passenger Seat Backs 119 20.218 Stowage of Food, Beverage and Passenger Service 119 20.219 Securing of Items of Mass in Passenger Compartment 119 Part IX: Crew Member And Flight Operations Officer Qualifications For Commercial 120 Air Transport 20.220 Applicability 120 20.221 Age and Special Medical Certificate 120 20.222 Licence Requirements for Turbojet, Turbofan or Large Aircraft 120 20.223 Licence Requirements for Non-Turbojet or Turbofan Small Aircraft 121 20.224 Experience Requirements for Pilot in command in respect of Small Aeroplane 121 20.225 Co-pilot Licence Requirements 121 20.226 Flight Engineer Licence Requirements 121 20.227 Alternate to Perform Flight Engineer Functions 122 20.228 Persons Qualified to Flight Release 122 20.229 Company Procedures Indoctrination 122 20.230 Initial Dangerous Goods Training 122 20.231 Initial Security Training 122 20.232 Initial Crew Resource Management Training 122 20.233 Initial Emergency Equipment Drills 123 20.234 Initial Aircraft Ground Training 123 20.235 Initial Aircraft Flight Training 124 20.236 Initial Specialized Operations Training 125 20.237 Difference and Familiarization Training 125 20.238 Use of Flight Simulators 126 20.239 Conversion Training and Checking 126 20.240 Aircraft Equipment and Instrument Proficiency Checks 128 20.241 Nomination as Pilot in Command 129 20.242 Qualifications to Operate in Either Pilot s Seat 129 20.243 Re-establishing Recency of Experience by a Pilot 129 20.244 Operations on More than One Type or Variant of Aircraft 130 20.245 Operation of Helicopters and Aeroplanes 131 20.246 Training Records 131 20.247 Pairing Of Low Experience Crew Members 131 20.248 Flight Engineer Proficiency Checks 132 20.249 Competency Checks For Cabin Crew 132 20.250 Competency Checks for Flight Operations Officers 133 20.251 Supervised Line Flying for Pilots 133 20.252 Supervised Line Flying for Flight Engineers 133 20.253 Supervised Line Experience For Cabin Crew 134 20.254 Cabin Crew Familiarization 134 20.255 Line Observations for Flight Operations Officers 134 20.256 Route and Airport Qualification for Pilot in Command 134 20.257 Route and Area Checks for Pilot Qualification 136 20.258 Pilot in Command Low Minima Authorization 136 XI

Item Contents Page 20.259 Pilot in Command Qualification for Designated Special Aerodromes and 137 Heliports 20.260 Flight Crew Members Recurrent Training and Checking 137 20.261 Recurrent Training for Cabin Crew 140 20.262 Restablishing Recency of Experience for Cabin Crew 140 20.263 Recurrent Training for Flight Operations Officers 141 20.264 Flight Instructor Training 141 20.265 Flight Instructor Qualifications 142 20.266 Check Airman 143 20.267 Check Airman Approval 143 20.268 Check Airman Qualifications 143 20.269 Check Airman Limitations 143 20.270 Substitution of Simulator Experience 144 20.271 Line Qualification for Check Airman and Instructor 144 20.272 Termination of a Proficiency, Competency or Line Check 144 20.273 Recording of Crewmember Qualifications 144 20.274 Monitoring of Training and Checking Activities 145 20.275 Reductions in Requirements 145 20.275A Records of Cosmic Radiation 145 Part X: Rest Periods, Duty, And Flight Time: Commercial Air Transport 146 20.276 Applicability 146 20.277 Duty and Rest Periods 146 20.278 Duty Aloft 147 20.279 Maximum Number of Flight Time Hours 147 20.280 Compliance with Scheduling Requirements 148 20.281 Special Flight Duty Schemes 148 20.282 Flight Time, Duty and Rest Period Records 148 20.283 Reserved 149 20.284 Reserved 149 20.285 Reserved 149 20.286 Reserved 149 20.287 Reserved 149 20.288 Reserved 149 20.290 Reserved 149 Part XI: Commercial Air Transport Flight Release 150 20.291 Applicability 150 20.292 Qualified Persons Required for Operational Control Functions 150 20.293 Flight Operations Officer 150 20.294 Functions and Duties of Operational Control 151 20.295 Contents of a Flight Release or Operational Flight Plan 152 20.296 Aircraft Requirements for Flight Release 153 20.297 Facilities and Notices to Airmen for Flight Release 153 20.298 Weather Reports and Forecasts required for Flight Release 154 20.299 Flight Release in Icing Conditions 154 20.300 Flight Release under Visual Flight Rules or Instrument Flight Rules 154 20.301 Minimum Fuel for Flight Release 154 20.302 Aircraft Loading and Aircraft Performance Requirement for Flight 155 Release 20.303 Amendment or Re-release En Route Requirement for Flight Release 155 XII

Item Contents Page 20.304 Flight Release with Airborne Weather Radar Equipment 155 20.305 Implementing Standards 155 20.306 Authority to Amend the Schedules 156 20.207 Transition 156 Schedules 157 Schedule 1 Inspections of Aircraft (Regulations 29) 157 Schedule 2 En Route Alternate Aerodromes for extended range operations 158 Requirements (Regulations 95) Schedule 3 Aircraft Loading, Mass and Balance Requirements (Regulations 100(6)) 159 Schedule 4 Commercial Air Transport Operations Operational Flight Plan Requirements (Regulations 103) 160 Schedule 4A Cruising Levels with Altimeter Settings (Regulations 124) 163 Schedule 5 Category II and Category III Manual (Regulations 131) 164 Schedule 6 Interception of Civil Aircraft (Regulations 149) 165 Schedule 7 Universal Signals (Regulations 160) 167 Schedule 8 Malfunction Reports for Operation Under Instrument Flight Rules in 179 Controlled Airspace (Regulations 162) Schedule 9 Training 180 Part A Company Procedures Indoctrination (Regulations 229) 180 Part B Initial Crew Resource Management Training (Regulations 232) 181 Part C Initial Emergency Equipment Drills (Regulations 233) 182 Part D Initial Aircraft Ground Training (Regulations 234) 186 Part E Initial Aircraft Flight Training (Regulations 235) 195 Part F Initial Specialized Operations Training (Regulations 236) 198 Part G Conversion Training and Checking (Regulations 239) 199 Part H Aircraft Equipment and Instrument Proficiency Checks (Regulations 240) 202 Part I Qualifications to Operate in Either Pilot s Seat (Regulations 242) 204 Part J Flight Engineer Proficiency Checks (Regulations 248) 205 Part K Competency Checks for Cabin Crew (Regulations 249) 206 Part L Competency Checks for Flight Operations Officers (Regulations 250) 208 Part M Supervised Line Experience for Cabin Crew (Regulations 253) 209 Part N Flight Crew Members Recurrent Training and Checking (Regulations 211 260) Part O Recurrent Training for Cabin Crew (Regulations 261) 215 Part P Flight Instructor Training (Regulations 264) 217 Part Q Initial Training Check Airman (Regulations 266) 219 Schedule 10 Reserved 220 Schedule 11 Flight Release in Icing Conditions (Regulations 299) 221 Schedule 12 Implementing Standards (Regulations 305) 224 IS: 20.8 Application for Iraq Air Operator Certificate 224 IS: 20.12 Transport of Dangerous goods 225 IS: 20.13 Safe Transport of Goods 226 IS: 20.15 Classification of Dangerous Goods 226 IS: 20.16 Packing of Dangerous Goods 226 IS: 20.17 Labeling and Marking of Dangerous Goods 226 IS: 20.18 Dangerous Goods Transport Document 226 IS: 20.19 Acceptance of Dangerous Goods by Operator or Handling Agent 226 IS: 20.20 Damage, Leakage or Contamination by Dangerous Goods 227 IS: 20.21 Removal of Contamination by Dangerous Goods 227 IS: 20.22 Loading of Dangerous Goods 227 XIII

Item Contents Page IS: 20.23 Information on Dangerous Goods 227 IS: 20.24 Dangerous Goods Training Programmes 227 IS: 20.25 Reporting of Dangerous Goods Incident or Accident 229 IS: 20.30 Amendment to Aircraft Inspection Programme 230 IS: 20.32 Maintenance Records Retention 230 IS: 20.33 Transfer of Maintenance Records 230 IS: 20.50 Fitness of Flight Crew 230 IS: 20.52 Duty Station Requirements for Flight Crew 230 IS: 20.61 In-flight Fuel Management Requirements 231 IS: 20.62 Flight Crew Duties During Critical Phases of Flight 231 IS: 20.66 Reporting Mechanical Irregularities 232 IS: 20.77 Portable Electronic Devices 232 IS: 20.94 Extended Range Operations With Two-Engine Aeroplane 233 IS: 20.95 En Route Alternate Aerodromes for Extended Range Operations 233 Requirements IS: 20.100 Aircraft Loading, Mass and Balance Requirements 233 IS: 20.104 Commercial Air Transport Records of Emergency and Survival 233 Equipment Requirement IS: 20.106 General Requirements for Aircraft 234 IS: 20.118 Aircraft Landing Performance Limitations 234 IS: 20.130 General Operating Rules for Category II and III Operations 234 IS: 20.136 Requirements for the Use of Aircraft Lights 234 IS: 20.189 Unacceptable Conduct of Passengers 234 IS: 20.190 Refueling or Refueling with Passengers Embarking, on Board or 235 Disembarking IS: 20.191 Passenger Seats, Safety Belts and Shoulder Harnesses 236 IS: 20.192 Passenger Briefing 236 IS: 20.194 Minimum Supply and Use of Passenger Oxygen 237 IS: 20.199 Denial of Transportation of Certain Categories of Passengers 238 IS: 20.200 Carriage of Persons without Compliance with certain Passenger-Carrying 238 Requirements IS: 20.201 Cabin Crew at Duty Stations 240 IS: 20.208 Exit Row Seating 240 IS: 20.210 Oxygen for Medical Use by Passengers 242 IS: 20.211 Carry-on Baggage 243 IS: 20.212 Carriage of Cargo in Passenger Compartments 245 IS: 20.214 Passenger Briefings 247 IS: 20.215 Passenger Briefing for Extended Over water Operations 248 IS: 20.216 Passenger Seat Belts and Information Signs 249 IS: 20.219 Securing of Items of Mass in Passenger Compartment 249 IS: 20.270 Substitution of Simulator Experience 249 IS: 20.297-251 Facilities and Notices to Airmen for Flight Release 298 IS: 20.299 Flight Release in Icing Conditions 251 XIV

REPUBLIC OF IRAQ REGULATIONS Made by the Authority with the approval of the Director General of Iraqi Civil Aviation Authority under Act 148 of 1974 The Civil Aviation Act, Article 115 and Article 208. REGULATIONS (NO. 20) OPERATIONS Citation Citation 1. These Regulations may be cited as Regulations No. 20 (Operations). Definitions and Abbreviations Definitions and Abbreviations 2. In these Regulations: accident means an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all persons have disembarked, in which: (a) a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of: (i) being in the aircraft; (ii) direct contact with any part of the aircraft, including parts which have become detached from the aircraft; or, (iii) direct exposure to jet blast, except when the injuries are from natural causes, self-inflicted or inflicted by other persons, or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew; or (b) the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which adversely affects the structural strength, performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft; (c) the aircraft would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component; except for engine failure or damage, when the damage is limited to the engine, its cowlings or accessories; or for damage limited to propellers, wing tips, antennas, tyres, brakes, fairings, small dents or puncture holes in the aircraft skin; or Regulations No. 20 "OPERATIONS"

(d) the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible. advisory airspace means airspace of defined dimensions or designated routes, within which air traffic advisory services are available; aerial work means an aircraft operation in which an aircraft is used for specialized services including agriculture, construction, photography, surveying, observation and patrol, search and rescue aerial advertisement; aerobatic flight means manoeuvres intentionally performed by an aircraft involving an abrupt change in its altitude, an abnormal attitude or an abnormal variation in speed; aircraft means any machine that can derive support in the atmospheres from the reaction of the air on surfaces other than the reaction of the air on the surface of the earth; Aircraft Flight Manual means an approved Aeroplane Flight Manual or an approved Rotorcraft Flight Manual as applicable; air operator means any person, organisation or enterprise who undertakes to engage in domestic commercial air transport in international commercial air transport, whether directly or indirectly or by a lease in any other arrangement; air navigation facility means any facility used available for use or designed for use in aid of air navigation, including aerodromes, landing areas, lights, any apparatus or equipment for disseminating weather information, for signaling, for radio directional finding or for radio or other electrical communication and any other structure or mechanism having a similar purpose for guiding or controlling flight in the air or the landing and take-off of aircraft; airworthiness directives means a document issued or adopted by the Authority which mandates actions to be performed to restore an acceptable level of safety for an aircraft when evidence shows that the safety level may otherwise be compromised; airworthy means an aircraft or aeronautical product is in a fit and safe state for flight and is in conformity with its type design; cabin crew means a person employed to facilitate the safety of passengers, whose duties are detailed by the air operator or the pilot in command; check airman means a person who is qualified and permitted, to Regulations No. 20 "OPERATIONS" 2

conduct an evaluation in an aircraft, flight simulator, or a flight training device for a particular type aircraft or flight simulator, for a particular air operator; day means the period of elapsed time, using Coordinated Universal Time or local time that begins at midnight and ends twenty-four hours later at the next midnight; controlled flight means any flight which is subject to an air traffic control clearance; crew means any member of the flight crew or cabin crew; critical engine means the engine of an aircraft, the failure of which would most adversely affect the performance or handling qualities of an aircraft; critical phases of flight means those portions of operations involving taxiing, take-off and landing and all flight operations below 10,000 feet, except cruise flight; dangerous goods means articles or substances which are capable of posing significant risks to health, safety or property when transported by air; dangerous goods accident means an occurrence associated with and related to the transport of dangerous goods which results in fatal or serious injury to a person or major property damage; dangerous goods incident means an occurrence, other than a dangerous goods accident, associated with and related to the transport of dangerous goods, not necessarily occurring on board an aircraft, which results in injury to a person, property damage, fire, breakage, spillage, leakage of fluid or radiation or other evidence that the integrity of the packaging has not been maintained or any occurrence relating to the transport of dangerous goods, which seriously jeopardises the aircraft or its occupants; dangerous goods transport document means a document specified by the Technical Instructions that bears a signed declaration indicating that the dangerous goods are fully and accurately described by their proper shipping names and the four-digit number assigned by the United Nations Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods to identify a substance or a particular group of substances, where assigned, and that they are correctly classified, packed, marked, labeled and in a proper condition for transport.; deadhead transportation means all time spent by the crew Regulations No. 20 "OPERATIONS" 3

member transiting between the place of rest and the place of reporting for duty and does not count as duty time; defined point after take-off, means the point, within the take-off and initial climb phase, before which the ability of a Performance Class 2 helicopter to continue the flight safely, with one engine inoperative, is not assured and a forced landing may be required; defined point before landing means the point, within the approach and landing phase, of an aircraft after which a forced landing may be required; duty means any continuous period during which a crew member is required to carry out any task associated with the business of an air operator; effective length of the runway means the distance for landing from the point at which the obstruction clearance plane associated with the approach end of the runway intersects the centerline of the runway to the far end; extended over water operation means: (a) In the case of a single engine land plane a distance of more than one hundred nautical miles from land suitable for making an emergency landing; or (b) In the case of a multi-engine land plane, a distance of more than two hundred nautical miles from land suitable for making an emergency landing with the capability of continuing flight with one engine inoperative; freight container means an article of transport equipment for radioactive materials, designed to facilitate the transport of such materials, either packaged or unpackaged, by one or more modes of transport; flight crew means those members of the crew of an aircraft who act as a pilot in command, co-pilot or flight engineer; flight duty period means any time during which a person operates in an aircraft as a member of its crew and begins when the crew member is required by the air operator to report for a flight duty and finishes at the end of flight time on the final sector; Flight Examiner means a person designated by the Authority, to conduct an evaluation in an aircraft, in a flight simulator or in a flight training device for a particular type aircraft, for a Regulations No. 20 "OPERATIONS" 4

particular air operator or approved Aviation Training Organization; flight means one or more sectors and defined by a flight number; flight plan means specified information provided to Air Traffic Services units, relative to an intended flight or portion of a flight of an aircraft, and may mean variously, full information on all items comprised in the flight plan description, covering the whole route of a flight or limited information required when the purpose is to obtain a clearance for a minor portion of a flight such as to cross an airway, to take-off from or to land at a controlled aerodrome; flight time means the total time from the moment an aeroplane first moves under its own power for the purpose of taking off until the moment it finally comes to rest at the end of the flight; flight time (helicopter) means the total time from the moment a helicopter s rotor blade starts turning for the purpose of lift-off until the moment the helicopter finally comes to rest at the end of the flight, and the rotor blades are stopped; general aviation operation means an aircraft operation other than a commercial air transport operation or an aerial work operation; handling agent. Means an agency which performs on behalf of the operator some or all of the latter's functions including receiving, loading, unloading, transferring or other processing of passengers or cargo; helideck means a heliport located on a floating or fixed offshore structure; heliport means an aerodrome or defined area on a structure intended to be used wholly or in part for the arrival, departure, and surface movement of helicopters; incident means an occurrence, other than an accident, associated with the operation of an aircraft which affects or could affect the safety of operation. journey log means a form signed by the pilot in command of each flight that records the registration of the aircraft, crew member names and duty assignments, the type of flight, and the date, place, and time of arrival and departure;. landing decision point means the point used in determining Regulations No. 20 "OPERATIONS" 5

landing performance where should an engine failure occur, the landing may be safely continued or a balked landing initiated; line operating flight time means flight time recorded by the pilot in command or co-pilot while conducting commercial operations for an air operator; master minimum equipment list means a list of equipment established by a manufacturer of an aircraft for a particular aircraft type with the approval of the State of manufacture containing items, one or more of which is permitted to be unserviceable at the commencement of a flight, it may be associated with special operating conditions, limitations or procedures and provides the basis for development, review, and approval by the Authority of the Minimum Equipment List of an individual operator; national air operator means a person, organization or enterprise who has been issued an Iraq air operator certificate in accordance with the Regulations No. 3 (Air Operators Certification and Administration); obstruction clearance plane means a plane sloping upward, from the runway at a slope of 1:20 to the horizontal, and tangent to or clearing all obstructions within a specified area surrounding the runway as shown in a profile view of the area. In the plane view, the centerline of the specified area coincides with the centerline of the runway, beginning at the point where the obstruction clearance plane intersects the centerline of the runway and proceeding to a point at least 1,500 feet from the beginning point. Thereafter, the centerline coincides with the takeoff path over the ground for the runway (in the case of takeoffs) or with the instrument approach counterpart (for landings), or where the applicable one of these paths has not been established, it proceeds consistent with turns of at least 4,000 foot radius until a point is reached beyond which the obstruction clearance plane clears all obstructions. This area extends laterally 200 feet on each side of the centreline at the point where the obstruction clearance plane intersects the runway and continues at this width to the end of the runway; then it increases uniformly to 500 feet on each side of the centreline at a point 1,500 feet from the intersection of the obstruction clearance plane with the runway; thereafter, it extends laterally 500 feet on each side of the centreline. occurrence includes an incident, serious incident or accident; operator means: (a) a person, organization or enterprise engaged in or Regulations No. 20 "OPERATIONS" 6

offering to engage in, aircraft operations and any person who causes or authorizes the operation of an aircraft, in the capacity of owner, lessee, or otherwise whether with or without the control of the aircraft; (b) who or which is deemed to be engaged in the operation of aircraft within the meaning of the Civil Aviation Law No. 148 of 1974; operational flight plan means the plan of an operator for the safe conduct of flight based on considerations of aircraft performance, other operating limitations, and relevant expected conditions on the route to be followed and at the aerodromes or heliports concerned; package means the complete product of the packing operation consisting of the packaging and its contents prepared for transport; packaging means receptacles and any other components or materials necessary for the receptacle to perform its containment function and to ensure compliance with the packing requirements; passenger exit seats means those seats from which a passenger can proceed directly to the exit without entering an aisle or passing around an obstruction and those seats in a row of seats through which passengers would have to pass to gain access to an exit, from the first seat inboard of the exit to the first aisle inboard of the exit; proper shipping name means the name to be used to describe a particular article or substance in all shipping documents and notifications and, where appropriate, on packaging; positioning, means the practice of transferring crews from place to place as passengers in surface or air transport on behalf of the air operator; reporting time means the time at which a crew member is required by the air operator to report for duty; reserve duty, means a period during which the air operator requires a crew member who would otherwise be off duty to be available for flight duty; rest period means a period of time before starting a flying duty period that is designed to give crew members adequate opportunity to rest before a flight; Regulations No. 20 "OPERATIONS" 7

rostered duty means a planned duty period, or series of duty periods, with stipulated start and finish times, notified by the air operator to crews in advance; rostering period means a period of consecutive days which the air operator shall roster duty and rest periods notified by the air operator in advance; scheduled duty means the allocation of specific flights or other duties to a crew member within the pre-notified rostered series of duty periods; sector means the time between an aircraft moving under its own power until it next comes to rest after landing, at the designated parking position; serious incident means an incident involving circumstances indicating that an accident nearly occurred; serious injury means an injury which is sustained by a person in an accident and which: (a) requires hospitalisation for more than 48 (b) hours, commencing within seven days from the date the injury was received; (c) Results in a fracture of any bone (except simple fractures of fingers, toes or nose); (d) involves lacerations which cause severe haemorrhage, nerve, muscle or tendon damage; (e) Involves injury to any internal organ; (f) involves second or third degree burns, or any burns affecting more than 5% of the body surface; or (g) involves verified exposure to infectious substances or injurious radiation. short haul operation means flights where the origins and destinations are less than three hours time change apart; Simulator Flight Examiner means a person designated by the Authority to conduct an evaluation, in flight simulator or approved flight training device for a particular type of aircraft, for a particular air operator or approved Aviation Training Organization; Special Flight Permit means a permit issued by the Authority in accordance with Regulations No. 5 (Airworthiness) in respect of an aircraft that is capable of safe flight, but unable to meet applicable airworthiness requirements; split duty means a flying duty period which consists of two or more sectors separated by less than a minimum rest period; Regulations No. 20 "OPERATIONS" 8

State of Origin means the State in which dangerous goods were first loaded on an aircraft; suitable accommodation means a furnished bedroom which is subject to minimum noise, is well ventilated and has the facility to control the levels of light and temperature; take-off decision point means the point used in determining takeoff performance of a Performance Class 1 helicopter from which, an engine failure occurring at that point, either a rejected take-off may be made or a take-off safely continued; Technical Instructions means the International Civil Aviation Organisation, Technical instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air; Iraq aircraft means all civil aircraft registered in Iraq; unit load device means any type of aircraft container for baggage or freight, aircraft pallet with a net, or aircraft pallet with a net over an igloo; and VHF Omni Range means a ground based radio navigation equipment capable of giving visual indications in the cockpit bearings by means of signals received from very high frequency omni-directional radio ranges. Applicability of Regulations Applicability of Regulations 3. (1) These Regulations prescribe the requirements for- (a) operations conducted on Iraq aircraft by airmen and operator certified by the Authority (b) (c) the use of foreign registered aircraft by national air operators; operations of aircraft within Iraq by airmen or air operators of a foreign state. (2) National air operators and flight crew licenced in Iraq, operating outside of Iraq, shall comply with the requirements under these Regulations unless such compliance would violate any law of the foreign state in which the operation is conducted. Regulations No. 20 "OPERATIONS" 9

PART I GENERAL OPERATIONS REQUIREMENTS Registration Markings Requirement for registration markings Restrictions on the operation of aircraft 4. A person shall not operate an aircraft, unless such aircraft displays the proper markings prescribed under Regulations No. 1 (Aircraft Registration) and in the case of a foreign registered aircraft, markings approved by the State of Registry. General Operations of Aircraft 5. (1) A person shall not operate an aircraft in Iraq unless it is in an airworthy condition. (2) Prior to initiating flight, a pilot in command shall determine whether an aircraft is in a condition for safe flight. (3) The pilot in command shall discontinue a flight as soon as practicable when a mechanical, electrical or structural condition occurs that would render the aircraft no longer airworthy. Special Flight Permit operational restrictions Required aircraft instruments and equipment Restrictions on the use of inoperative instruments and equipment Special Flight Permit 6. Where an Iraq aircraft is issued a Special Flight Permit in accordance with Regulations No. 5 (Airworthiness) a person shall operate such aircraft in accordance with the limitations issued with such Special Flight Permit. Aircraft Instruments and Equipment 7. A person shall not operate an Iraq aircraft unless it is equipped with the required instruments and navigation equipment appropriate to the type of flight operations conducted and the route being flown, as prescribed under the relevant regulations. Inoperative Instruments and Equipment 8.(1) A person shall not take-off an aircraft with inoperative instruments or equipment installed, except as authorized by the Authority. (2) A person shall not operate an aircraft in commercial air transport with inoperative instruments and equipment installed unless the following conditions are met: (a) An approved Minimum Equipment List exists for that aircraft. (b) The authority has issued the person specific operating provisions authorizing operations in accordance with an approved Minimum Equipment List. The flight Regulations No. 20 "OPERATIONS" 10

crew shall have direct access at all times prior to flight to all of the information contained in the approved Minimum Equipment List through printed or other means approved by the Authority in the person s specific operating provisions. An approved Minimum Equipment List, as authorised by the specific operating provisions, constitutes an approved change to the type design without requiring recertification. (c) The approved Minimum Equipment List must: (i) Be prepared in accordance with the limitations specified in paragraph (3) of this section. (ii) Provide for the operation of the aircraft with certain instruments and equipment in an inoperative condition. (d) Records identifying the inoperative instruments and equipment and the information required by paragraph (2)(c)(ii) of this section must be available to the pilot. (e) The aircraft is operated under all applicable conditions and limitations contained in the Minimum Equipment List and the specific operating provisions authorizing use of the Minimum Equipment List. (3) The following instruments and equipment may not be included in the Minimum Equipment List: (a) (b) (c) Instruments and equipment that are either specifically or otherwise required by the airworthiness requirements under which the aircraft is type certificated and which are essential for safe operations under all operating conditions. Instruments and equipment required by an airworthiness directive to be in operable condition unless the airworthiness directive provides otherwise. Instruments and equipment required for specific operations under the relevant Iraqi regulations. (4) Notwithstanding paragraphs (3)(a) and (3)(c) of this section, an aircraft with inoperative instruments or equipment may be operated under a special flight permit. Required Aircraft Flight Manual, Marking and Placard Requirements Aircraft Flight Manual and Aircraft Operating Manual 9. (1) A person shall not operate a Iraq aircraft unless there is available in such aircraft: (a) (b) a current, Aircraft Flight Manual; and an Aircraft Operating Manual approved by the Authority Regulations No. 20 "OPERATIONS" 11

for the air operator. (2) Where an Aircraft Flight Manual required by subregulation (1)(a), does not exist, another: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) manual; document; instruction; necessary information; markings and placards; or any combination thereof; that is approved or accepted by the Authority and which provides the pilot in command with the necessary limitations for safe operation shall be on board such aircraft. (3) A person shall not operate an aircraft within or over Iraq without complying with the operating limitations specified: (a) in the Aircraft Flight Manual; (b) on the markings of the aircraft; (c) on placards in the aircraft; or (d) by the certifying authority for the State of registry of the aircraft. (4) An operator shall display in his aircraft all placards, listings, instrument markings or combination thereof, containing those operating limitations prescribed by the certifying authority for the State of Registry of the aircraft. Aircraft and Equipment Inspections Required aircraft and equipment inspections 10. (1) Unless otherwise authorised by the Authority, a person shall not operate a Iraq aircraft unless it has had the following inspections: (a) an annual inspection within the past twelve months; (b) a one hundred hour inspection, where the aircraft is used in commercial operations; (c) an altimeter and pitot-static system inspection in the past twenty-four months where the aircraft is being operated under Instrument Flight Rules; (d) a transponder check within the past twelve months, for transponder equipped aircraft; and Regulations No. 20 "OPERATIONS" 12

(e) an emergency locating transmitter check within the past twelve months, for emergency locating transmitter equipped aircraft. (2) An aircraft maintained under an alternate maintenance and inspection programme approved by the Authority, may not have current annual or one hundred hour inspections in its maintenance records. (3) An alternate maintenance and inspection programme under subregulation (2), may include a recommended programme of the manufacturer, instructions for continued airworthiness or a programme designed by the operator and approved by the Authority. (4) The requirements for inspections under this regulation shall be prescribed under the Act or Regulations made thereunder. Documents required on board an aircraft Documents to be carried on aircraft for all operations 11. (1) Except as provided in regulation 9, a person shall not operate an aircraft unless such aircraft has on board, the following current documents in respect of such aircraft: (a) Aircraft Registration Certificate issued to the owner; (b) Airworthiness Certificate; (c) aircraft journey log; (d) Aircraft Radio Licence; (e) list of passenger names and points of embarkation and destination where the person is an air operator; (f) cargo manifest including special loads information;. (g) for an air operator, an aircraft technical log and an air operator certificate; (h) Noise Certificate issued by the manufacturer; (i) (j) Aircraft Flight Manual; for an air operator, the part of the Operations Manual relevant to operation being conducted; (k) for an air operator, minimum equipment list; (l) Operational Flight Plan; (m) filed Air Traffic Control flight plan; Regulations No. 20 "OPERATIONS" 13

(n) (o) (p) Notices to Airmen briefing documentation; meteorological information; mass and balance documentation otherwise referred to as load sheet ; (q) listing of special situation passengers; (r) (s) (t) procedures and signals for intercepted aircraft; current and suitable maps and charts for routes of proposed flight or possibly diverted flights; forms for complying with the reporting requirements of the Authority and the air operator; (u) for international flights, a general declaration for customs; (v) (w) (x) any documentation which may be required by the Authority or State concerned with the proposed flight; Certificate of Insurance for the aircraft; and Category II and Category III Manuals for general aviation operations. (2) The Authority may permit the information required under subregulation (1) to be presented in a form other than printed paper where accepted by the Authority. (3) The Noise Certificate under subregulation (1)(h), shall state the standards in Annex 16, Volume 1 of the Chicago Convention, and may be contained in any other document under subregulation (1), approved by the Authority. (4) The operator of an aircraft shall ensure that an acceptable standard of accessibility, usability and reliability in respect of the operational flight plan under subregulation (1)(l). (5) In this regulation "special situation passengers" includes armed security personnel, deportees, persons in custody, and persons with special medical needs. Approval to transport dangerous goods Transport of Dangerous goods 12. (1) An operator shall not transport dangerous goods unless approved to do so by the Authority. (2) Where an operator wishes to transport dangerous goods he shall apply to the Authority for approval to do so. Regulations No. 20 "OPERATIONS" 14