Topics Review Mexican-American War 1846-1848 War of the Reforma French Intervention & the 2 nd Mexican Empire Porfiriato 1876-1910 Exam 2 Nov. 5 Thursday 1
Mexican Politics during the 19 th Century Overall instability Military dominated politics: 1821-1860 (50 presidents) 1821 Iturbide Empire: Constitutional Monarchy 1824-1835 Federalist Republic: Constitution 1835-1846 Centralist Republic: new Constitution called Siete Leyes 1846-1863 Federalist Republic 1863-1867 2 nd Empire 1867-1876 Restored Republic Foreign Invasions 2
Topics Mexican-American War 1846-1848 3
The Texas Republic Lone Star Republic 1836-1845 Admitted as a state of the United States in 1845 as a slave state Rio Grande as border 4
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American Progress 1872 The Removal of the Native Americans to the West, 1820 1840 6
California Hide-Tallow Trade Mexican Economy U.S. Economy New Mexico Santa Fe Trade Texas Austin Colony 7
Causes of Mexican-American War Texas border dispute Annexation of Texas U.S. Expansionist policy Thornton Affair (immediate cause) 8
Events leading to the war with Mexico 1844 Election of James Polk 1845 November Slidell Mission 1845 December Texas enters the Union Thornton Affair 1846 May Polk informs Congress that Mexico has shed American blood on American soil. Congress declares war 9
Mexican-American War 1846-1848 10
Battle of Old Woman s Gun (Oct. 1846) Capitulation of Cahuenga January 13, 1847 11
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Saint Patrick s Battalion in Mexican Army John O Reilly Made up of Irish and other Europeans http://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=n5kh6vb8 dfi 13
Battle of Los Niños Heroes Juan Escutia Story is popularized in the early 20 th Century Chapultepec 14
Battle of Chapultepec Sept.13, 1847 15
Revolt of Los Polkos Mexico City Feb.26-Mar 23, 1847 govt. legislation was to take $15 million pesos of church property Santa Anna sends troops to Mexico City to crush revolt & later goes to Mexico City 16
1848 Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo Peace treaty signed February 2, 1848 in the Guadalupe Hidalgo Ended the Mexican-American War. Recognizes Rio Grande as the border with Texas Mexico ceded 55% of its territory for $15 million and 3.25 million claims of U.S. citizens. 2 Views of Treaty Economic subordination Treaty of Recovery 17
Caste War in Yucatan 1847-1901 Govt. change to centralist Increase taxation Mayas called to end discrimination Race war British support 18
Santa Anna in office 1853-1855 Conservative Jesuits Return Banishes liberal governors 1853 National Anthem Gadsden Purchase or La Venta de la Mesilla 19
William Walker Nicaragua foreign intervention
Plan de Ayutla 1854 Liberal revolt The end of the Age of Santa Anna Benito Juarez Melchor Ocampo 21
Liberalism 1850-1860 political struggle Supporters Moderados: work with Church Puros: anti-clerical Conservatism Supporters 22
Period of the Reforma (1855-1861) Ley Ocampo: prohibits clergy from voting Ley Juarez: abolishes fueros Ley Lerdo: prohibits the church from owning property & ejidos Ley Iglesias (Church): ban on fees 1857 Constitution EXAMPLES Family Search.org https://familysearch.org/search/collection/location/1928710?region=mexico 23
War of the Reforma (1855-1861) 24
1861 Juarez Administration 2 year moratorium on Mexico s foreign debt Convention of London English, Spanish, French agreement to take over custom house in Veracruz Louis Napoleon Bonaparte (III) 25
French Intervention 1861-1867 26
May 5 1862, Battle of Puebla 4000 troops Ignacio Zaragoza Porfirio Diaz 6000 troops Charles Latrille http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5e1pou5fhv8 27
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French Intervention 1861-1867 French 30,000 29
2 nd Mexican Empire 1864-1867 Emperor Maximilian Von Hapsburg Marie Charlotte Archbishop Pelagio Antonio de Labastida Juan Almonte (Morelos son) Plebiscite Convention of Miramar: increases Mexico s debt 30
Emperor Maximilian Von Hapsburg Marie Charlotte Carlota Liberal political views 1865 Maximilian signs decree of death for captured Juaristas 31
1867 Execution of Maximilian cerro de las campanas, Querétaro http://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=8oimklecl Rw&feature=related 32
Adiós Mamá Carlota - Intervención Francesa Adiós Mamá Carlota - Intervención Francesa - Segundo Imperio Mexicano.htm http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ta_fnqab8zy&feature=related Banda music https://mexicanbanda.wordpress.com/ Banda Jerez https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ojcivex40oo 33
Late 19 th century Mexican Society French influence on Mexican Culture Culinary: pan frances, bolillo Language: French language of the elite, mariachi? Camión Mexico City, Calzada de la Emperatirz, Paseo de la Reforma, imposing boulevard 34
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Benito Juarez 1806-1872 Among individuals, as among nations, peace is the respect of others rights. President 1867-1872 Economy Education Marcha de Zaragoza http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gkbb33optag 36
Gabino Barreda Introduced positivism to Mexico 1867 speech coined Mexico slogan Liberty, Order, and Progress 1868 Escuela Nacional Preparatoria 37