Travel and Tourism in Russia to 2018

Travel and Tourism in Russia to 2018 Report Code: TT0174MR Publication Date: November2014 www.tourism-ic.com John Carpenter House 7 Carmelite Street London EC4Y 0BS United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0)20 7936 6400 Fax: +44 (0)20 7336 6813 Travel and Tourism in Russia to 2018 Page 1

SUMMARY 1 SUMMARY The Travel and Tourism sector in Russia is still in the initial stages of development, especially for leisure purposes. Due to the high cost of tours in the country, many Russians prefer outbound trips over domestic ones. This is also a key reason behind the small size of the inbound tourism market, with a total of XX.XX million trips in 2013. Both the inbound and outbound tourism markets are largely dependent on neighboring countries such as Ukraine and Kazakhstan. As these countries are well connected to Russia through roads, land is the preferred mode of transport for tourists. The number of domestic trips increased from XX.XX million in 2009 to XX.XX million in 2013, at a CAGR of XX.XX %. This growth is attributed to the increase in disposable income due to economic growth; leisure trips accounted for XX.XX % of the total domestic trips in 2013. Currently, the inbound tourism market is largely driven by visiting friends and relatives (VFR) along with a growing role for business trips. VFR accounted for XX.XX of the inbound trips in 2013, while business trips represented XX.XX %. The Ukrainian crisis had a significant adverse impact on the inbound and outbound tourism markets in Russia, which is expected to remain throughout the forecast period. Inbound trips are estimated to decline at a rate of XX.XX % in 2014 while outbound trips will fall by XX.XX %, from XX.XX million in 2013 to XX.XX in 2014. The decline in outbound trips is expected to encourage the growth of domestic tourism over the forecast period; domestic trips are expected to increase from an estimated XX.XX million in 2014 to XX.XX million in 2018. 2 SYNOPSIS The report provides detailed market analysis, information and insights, including: Historic and forecast tourist volumes covering the entire Russian travel and tourism sector Detailed analysis of tourist spending patterns in Russia for various categories in the travel and tourism sector, such as accommodation, sightseeing and entertainment, foodservice, transportation, retail, travel intermediaries and others Detailed market classification across each category, with analysis using similar metrics Detailed analysis of the airline, hotel, car rental and travel intermediaries industries 3 REASONS TO BUY Take strategic business decisions using historic and forecast market data related to Russian travel and tourism sector Understand the demand-side dynamics within Russian travel and tourism sector, along with key market trends and growth opportunities Travel and Tourism in Russia to 2018 Page 2

TOURISM FLOWS 4 TOURISM FLOWS 4.1 The Market 4.1.1 Domestic tourism The Russian domestic tourism market is significantly smaller in comparison to other European countries such as France, the UK, Germany, and Spain. Despite a decline in 2009 due to the global financial crisis, the market has demonstrated healthy growth on the whole during the historic period both in terms of tourist volume and expenditure. Figure 1: Russia Domestic Tourism Expenditure (RUB Million), 2009 2018 Accommodation Entertainment and sightseeing Foodservice Retail Transportation Travel intermediation 1,600,000 1,400,000 1,200,000 1,000,000 800,000 600,000 400,000 200,000 0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Source: Travel and Tourism IC analysis, Company information, UNWTO, National statistics Travel and Tourism Intelligence Center Travel and Tourism in Russia to 2018 Page 3

TOURISM FLOWS 4.1.2 Inbound tourism Russia s inbound tourism market registered strong growth during the historic period. Tourist volume increased at a CAGR of XX.XX%, from XX.XX million in 2009 to XX.XX million in 2013, while inbound tourist expenditure expanded at a CAGR of XX.XX % from RUB XX.XX billion (US$ XX.XX billion) in 2009 to RUB XX.XX billion (US$ XX.XX billion) in 2013. Figure 2: Russia International Arrivals by Mode of Transport (%), 2009 and 2013 19.2% 28.9% 28.2% 23.8% Air 5.0% Land 6.2% Sea 41.1% Rail 47.7% Inner circle 2009 Outer circle 2013 Source: Travel and Tourism IC analysis, Company information, Federal Agency for Tourism, Ministry of Culture, Trade Press, UNWTO Travel and Tourism Intelligence Center Travel and Tourism in Russia to 2018 Page 4

TOURISM FLOWS Ukraine was the country s leading source of tourists, accounting for XX.XX % of the total international arrivals in 2013, followed by Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan with shares of XX.XX % and XX.XX % respectively. According to a publication from Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, an estimated XX.XX million Russians lived overseas in neighboring countries of former Soviet States in 2013 such as Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and in Eastern and Northern EU countries such as Poland and Finland. These people largely visit Russia on VFR purposes and constitute a significant portion of inbound tourists. Table 1: Russia Tourist Arrivals from Top 10 Countries (Thousand), 2009 2018 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Source: Travel and Tourism IC analysis, Company information, Federal Agency for Tourism, Ministry of Culture, Trade Press, UNWTO Travel and Tourism Intelligence Center Figure 3: Visa Policy Source: Travel and Tourism IC analysis Travel and Tourism Intelligence Center Travel and Tourism in Russia to 2018 Page 5

TOURISM FLOWS 4.1.3 Outbound tourism The Russian outbound tourism market registered significant growth during the historic period. Outbound tourist volume increased from XX.XX million in 2009 to XX.XX million in 2013, at a CAGR of XX.XX %, while expenditure grew at a CAGR of XX.XX %, from RUB XX.XX billion (US$ XX.XX billion) in 2009 to RUB XX.XX trillion (US$ XX.XX billion) in 2013. Figure 4: Russia International Departures by Purpose of Visit (Thousands), 2009 2018 21,000 Business Leisure VFR Other Personal 18,000 15,000 12,000 9,000 6,000 3,000 0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Source: Travel and Tourism IC analysis, Company information, Federal Agency for Tourism, Ministry of Culture, Trade Press, UNWTO Travel and Tourism Intelligence Center Travel and Tourism in Russia to 2018 Page 6

TOURISM FLOWS Table 2: Russia Tourist Departures to Top10 Countries (Thousand), 2009 2018 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Source: Travel and Tourism IC analysis, Company information, Federal Agency for Tourism, Ministry of Culture, Trade Press, UNWTO Travel and Tourism Intelligence Center Figure 5: Visa Requirements for Russian Citizens Source: Travel and Tourism IC analysis Travel and Tourism Intelligence Center Travel and Tourism in Russia to 2018 Page 7

METHODOLOGY 4.2 Methodology TTIC s dedicated research and analysis teams consist of experienced professionals with industry backgrounds in marketing, market research, consulting, and advanced statistical expertise. TTIC adheres to the Codes of Practice of the Market Research Society (www.mrs.org.uk) and the Society of Competitive Intelligence Professionals (www.scip.org). All TTIC databases are continuously updated and revised. All Travel and Tourism reports are created by following a comprehensive, four-stage methodology. This includes market study, research, analysis, and quality control. 1) Market Study 2) Research A. Standardization Definitions are specified using recognized industry classifications. The same definition is used for every country. Annual average currency exchange rates are used for the latest completed year. These are then applied across both historical and forecast data to remove exchange rate fluctuations. B. Internal Audit Review of in-house databases to gather existing data: o Historic market databases and reports o Company database C. Trend monitoring Review of the latest Travel and Tourism companies, and industry trends A. Sources Collection of the latest market-specific data from a wide variety of industry sources: o Government statistics o Industry associations o Company filings o International organizations o Travel and tourism agencies B. Expert opinion Collation of opinions taken from leading Travel and Tourism industry experts Analysis of third-party opinion and forecasts: o Broker reports o Media o Official government sources C. Data consolidation and verification Consolidation of data and opinions to create historical datasets Creation of models to benchmark data across categories and geographies Travel and Tourism in Russia to 2018 Page 8

METHODOLOGY 3) Analysis A. Market forecasts Feeding forecast data in to market models: o Macroeconomic indicators o Industry-specific drivers Analysis of Travel and Tourism industry database to identify trends: o Latest Travel and Tourism trends o Key drivers of the Travel and Tourism industry B. Report writing Analysis of market data Discussion of company and industry trends and issues Review of financial deals, and Travel and Tourism trends 4) Quality Control A. Templates Detailed process manuals Standardized report templates and accompanying style guides Complex forecasting tools to ensure that forecast methodologies are applied consistently Quality-control checklists B. Quality control process Peer review Senior-level QC Random spot checks on data integrity Benchmark checks across databases Market data cross-checked for consistency with accumulated data from: o Company filings o Government sources Travel and Tourism in Russia to 2018 Page 9

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TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Executive Summary... 2 1.1 Key Trends and Issues...2 1.1.1 Bankruptcies of tour operators... 2 1.1.2 New reforms to increase low-cost carriers (LCCs) penetration... 2 2 The Travel and Tourism Sector in Context... 14 2.1 Tourist attractions... 15 3 Country Fact Sheet... 16 4 Tourism Flows... 17 4.1 The Market... 17 4.1.1 Domestic tourism... 17 4.1.2 Inbound tourism... 18 4.1.3 Outbound tourism... 20 4.2 Key Developments... 22 4.2.1 Moscow International Travel & Tourism Exhibition... 22 4.2.2 Russia unveils logo to strengthen tourism... 22 4.2.3 Sports events... 22 4.2.4 Domestic tourism promotion... 22 4.2.5 Casinos and gaming... 23 4.2.6 Other countries promotions in Russia... 23 4.2.7 Key challenges... 23 4.2.8 MICE tourism... 24 4.3 Travel and Tourism IC View... 25 4.3.1 Domestic tourism... 25 4.3.2 Inbound tourism... 25 4.3.3 Outbound tourism... 26 5 Airlines... 27 5.1 The Market... 27 5.2 Key Developments... 28 5.2.1 Aeroflot launches low-cost carrier... 28 5.2.2 Malaysian Airlines enters Russian market... 28 5.2.3 Russia to relax rules to encourage LCCs participation... 28 5.2.4 Failure of LCCs... 28 5.2.5 Dwindling revenues... 28 5.2.6 Airport infrastructure development... 29 5.3 Competitive Landscape... 30 5.4 Travel and Tourism IC View... 31 6 Hotels... 32 6.1 The Market... 32 6.2 Key Developments... 33 6.2.1 Expanding international hotel chains... 33 6.2.2 Hotel industry expanding beyond Moscow and St. Petersburg... 33 6.2.3 Hotel development pipeline... 33 6.3 Competitive Landscape... 34 6.4 Travel and Tourism IC View... 35 7 Car Rental... 36 7.1 The Market... 36 7.2 Key Developments... 37 7.2.1 Poor road infrastructure and long distances... 37 Travel and Tourism in Russia to 2018 Page 11

TABLE OF CONTENTS 7.2.2 Bureaucracy and red tape... 37 7.3 Competitive Landscape... 37 7.4 Travel and Tourism IC View... 38 8 Travel Intermediaries... 39 8.1 The Market... 39 8.2 Key Developments... 40 8.2.1 Bankruptcies of tour operators... 40 8.2.2 Highly competitive market... 40 8.2.3 New measures to regulate the travel market... 40 8.3 Travel and Tourism IC View... 41 9 Tourism Board Profile... 42 9.1 Tourist Board Description... 42 9.2 Target Market... 42 10 Airport Profiles... 43 10.1 Russia Airports... 43 10.1.1 Overview... 43 10.1.2 Operator profile... 45 10.1.3 Routes... 45 11 Company Profiles Airlines... 46 11.1 Company Profile: Aeroflot OAO... 46 11.1.1 Aeroflot OAO company overview... 46 11.1.2 Aeroflot OAO business description... 46 11.1.3 Aeroflot OAO main services... 47 11.1.4 Aeroflot OAO history... 47 11.1.5 Aeroflot OAO SWOT analysis... 48 11.1.6 Aeroflot OAO strengths... 49 11.1.7 Aeroflot OAO weaknesses... 49 11.1.8 Aeroflot OAO opportunities... 49 11.1.9 Aeroflot OAO threats... 50 11.1.10 Aeroflot OAO key employees... 51 11.2 Company Profile: UTair Aviakompaniya OAO... 52 11.2.1 UTair Aviakompaniya OAO company overview... 52 11.2.2 UTair Aviakompaniya OAO business description... 52 11.2.3 UTair Aviakompaniya OAO main services... 53 11.2.4 UTair Aviakompaniya OAO history... 53 11.2.5 UTair Aviakompaniya OAO SWOT analysis... 55 11.2.6 UTair Aviakompaniya OAO strengths... 55 11.2.7 UTair Aviakompaniya OAO weaknesses... 56 11.2.8 UTair Aviakompaniya OAO opportunities... 56 11.2.9 UTair Aviakompaniya OAO threats... 57 11.2.10 UTair Aviakompaniya OAO key employees... 58 11.3 Company Profile: JSC S7 Airlines... 59 11.3.1 JSC S7 Airlines company overview... 59 11.3.2 JSC S7 Airlines main services... 59 11.3.3 JSC S7 Airlines key employees... 59 11.4 Company Profile: Ural Airlines JSC... 60 11.4.1 Ural Airlines JSC company overview... 60 11.4.2 Ural Airlines JSC main services... 60 11.4.3 Ural Airlines JSC key employees... 60 11.5 Company Profile: Transaero Airlines OJSC... 61 11.5.1 Transaero Airlines OJSC company overview... 61 Travel and Tourism in Russia to 2018 Page 12

TABLE OF CONTENTS 11.5.2 Transaero Airlines OJSC main services... 61 11.5.3 Transaero Airlines OJSC key employees... 62 12 Company Profiles Hotels... 63 12.1 Company Profile: AMAKS Hotels & Resorts... 63 12.1.1 AMAKS Hotels & Resorts company overview... 63 12.1.2 AMAKS Hotels & Resorts main services... 63 12.1.3 AMAKS Hotels & Resorts key employees... 64 12.2 Company Profile: Rezidor Hotel Group Russia... 65 12.2.1 Rezidor Hotel Group Russia company overview... 65 12.2.2 Rezidor Hotel Group Russia main services... 65 12.2.3 Rezidor Hotel Group Russia key employees... 65 12.3 Company Profile: Intourist Hotel Group Management Company... 66 12.3.1 Intourist Hotel Group Management Company company overview... 66 12.3.2 Intourist Hotel Group Management Company main services and brands... 66 12.3.3 Intourist Hotel Group Management Company key employees... 66 12.4 Company Profile: AZIMUT Hotels Company... 67 12.4.1 AZIMUT Hotels Company company overview... 67 12.4.2 AZIMUT Hotels Company main services and brands... 67 12.4.3 AZIMUT Hotels Company key employees... 67 12.5 Company Profile: Marriott Hotels Russia... 68 12.5.1 Marriott Hotels Russia company overview... 68 12.5.2 Marriott Hotels Russia main services and brands... 68 12.5.3 Marriott Hotels Russia key employees... 68 13 Company Profiles Car Rental... 69 13.1 Company Profile: Europcar Russia... 69 13.1.1 Europcar Russia company overview... 69 13.1.2 Europcar Russia main services... 69 13.1.3 Europcar Russia key employees... 69 13.2 Company Profile: Hertz Russia... 70 13.2.1 Hertz Russia company overview... 70 13.2.2 Hertz Russia main services and brands... 70 13.2.3 Hertz Russia key employees... 70 13.3 Company Profile: Avis Car Rental Russia... 71 13.3.1 Avis Car Rental Russia company overview... 71 13.3.2 Avis Car Rental Russia main services and brands... 71 13.3.3 Avis Car Rental Russia key employees... 71 13.4 Company Profile: National Car Rental Russia... 72 13.4.1 National Car Rental Russia company overview... 72 13.4.2 National Car Rental Russia main services and brands... 72 13.4.3 National Car Rental Russia key employees... 72 13.5 Company Profile: Sixt Rent a Car Russia... 73 13.5.1 Sixt Rent a Car Russia company overview... 73 13.5.2 Sixt Rent a Car Russia main services and brands... 73 13.5.3 Sixt Rent a Car Russia key employees... 73 14 Company Profiles Travel Intermediaries... 74 14.1 Company Profile: Intourist VAO OAO... 74 14.1.1 Intourist VAO OAO company overview... 74 14.1.2 Intourist VAO OAO main services and brands... 74 14.1.3 Intourist VAO OAO key employees... 74 14.2 Company Profile: PEGAS Touristik OOO... 75 14.2.1 PEGAS Touristik OOO company overview... 75 14.2.2 PEGAS Touristik OOO main services and brands... 75 Travel and Tourism in Russia to 2018 Page 13

TABLE OF CONTENTS 14.2.3 PEGAS Touristik OOO key employees... 75 14.3 Company Profile: Real Russia... 76 14.3.1 Real Russia company overview... 76 14.3.2 Real Russia main services and brands... 76 14.3.3 Real Russia key employees... 76 14.4 Company Profile: Go Travel Un Limited... 77 14.4.1 Go Travel Un Limited company overview... 77 14.4.2 Go Travel Un Limited main services and brands... 77 14.4.3 Go Travel Un Limited key employees... 77 14.5 Company Profile: Oktogo.ru... 78 14.5.1 Oktogo.ru company overview... 78 14.5.2 Oktogo.ru main services and brands... 78 14.5.3 Oktogo.ru key employees... 78 15 Market Data Analysis... 79 15.1 Tourism Output... 79 15.1.1 Total tourism output... 79 15.1.2 Direct tourism output... 80 15.1.3 Indirect tourism output... 81 15.1.4 Tourism output per employee... 82 15.1.5 Direct tourism output per employee... 83 15.1.6 Indirect tourism output per employee... 84 15.2 Tourism Employment... 85 15.2.1 Total tourism employment... 85 15.2.2 Direct tourism employment... 86 15.2.3 Indirect tourism employment... 87 15.2.4 Tourism employee compensation... 88 15.2.5 Total gross income generated by total tourism employment... 89 15.3 Domestic Tourism... 90 15.3.1 Domestic trips by purpose of visit... 90 15.3.2 Number of overnight stays domestic trips... 91 15.3.3 Total domestic tourist expenditure... 92 15.3.4 Average expenditure per domestic tourist by category... 93 15.4 Inbound Tourism... 94 15.4.1 International arrivals by region... 94 15.4.2 International arrivals by purpose of visit... 95 15.4.3 International arrivals by mode of transport... 96 15.4.4 Number of overnight stays inbound trips... 97 15.4.5 Total inbound tourism expenditure by category... 98 15.4.6 Average international tourist expenditure by category... 99 15.5 Outbound Tourism Flows... 100 15.5.1 International departures by region... 100 15.5.2 International departures by purpose of visit... 101 15.5.3 International departures by mode of transport... 102 15.5.4 Number of overnight stays international trips... 103 15.5.5 Total outbound tourism expenditure by category... 104 15.5.6 Average outbound expenditure per resident by category... 105 15.6 Airlines... 106 15.6.1 Seats available... 106 15.6.2 Seats sold by carrier type business travel... 107 15.6.3 Seats sold by carrier type leisure travel... 108 15.6.4 Load factor by carrier type... 109 15.6.5 Passenger kilometers available by carrier type... 110 Travel and Tourism in Russia to 2018 Page 14

TABLE OF CONTENTS 15.6.6 Revenue-generating passenger kilometers by carrier type... 111 15.6.7 Revenue per passenger by carrier type... 112 15.6.8 Total revenue by carrier type... 113 15.7 Hotels... 114 15.7.1 Establishments by hotel category... 114 15.7.2 Available rooms by hotel category... 115 15.7.3 Room occupancy rate by hotel category... 116 15.7.4 Room nights available by hotel category... 117 15.7.5 Room nights occupied by hotel category... 118 15.7.6 Average revenue per available room by hotel category... 119 15.7.7 Revenue per occupied room by hotel category... 120 15.7.8 Total revenue per available room by hotel category... 121 15.7.9 Total revenue by hotel category and customer type... 122 15.7.10 Guests by hotel category and customer type... 123 15.8 Car Rentals... 124 15.8.1 Market value by customer type and rental location... 124 15.8.2 Fleet size... 125 15.8.3 Rental occasions and days... 126 15.8.4 Rental length... 127 15.8.5 Average rental length... 127 15.8.6 Utilization rate... 128 15.8.7 Average revenue per day... 129 15.9 Travel Intermediaries... 130 15.9.1 Market value by product type... 130 15.9.2 Online revenues by type of intermediary or provider... 131 15.9.3 Online revenues by type of tourist... 132 15.9.4 In-store revenues by type of intermediary... 133 15.9.5 In-store revenues by type of tourist... 134 15.9.6 Travel agent revenues from domestic tourism by sales channel... 135 15.9.7 Travel agent revenues from international tourism by sales channel... 136 15.9.8 Tour operator revenues from domestic tourism, by sales channel... 137 15.9.9 Tour operator revenues from international tourism, by sales channel... 138 15.9.10 Other intermediaries revenues from domestic tourism, by sales channel... 139 15.9.11 Other intermediaries revenues from international tourism by sales channel... 140 16 Appendix... 141 16.1 What is this Report About?... 141 16.2 Definitions... 141 16.3 Methodology... 147 16.4 Contact Travel & Tourism Intelligence Center... 149 16.5 About Travel & Tourism Intelligence Center... 149 16.6 Travel & Tourism Intelligence Center Services... 149 16.7 Disclaimer... 150 Travel and Tourism in Russia to 2018 Page 15

LIST OF TABLES LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Russia Tourist Arrivals from Top 10 Countries (Thousand), 2009 2018... 19 Table 2: Russia Tourist Departures to Top10 Countries (Thousand), 2009 2018... 21 Table 3: Russia Top 10 Hotels (Volume), 2014... 34 Table 4: Federal Agency for Tourism (Rosturizm) Key Facts and Locations... 42 Table 5: Domodedovo International Airport Overview... 43 Table 6: Sheremetyevo International Airport Overview... 43 Table 7: Pulkovo Airport Overview... 43 Table 8: Vnukovo International Airport Overview... 44 Table 9: Koltsovo Airport Overview... 44 Table 10: Aeroflot OAO, Key Facts... 46 Table 11: Aeroflot OAO, Main Services and Brands... 47 Table 12: Aeroflot OAO, History... 47 Table 13: Aeroflot OAO, Key Employees... 51 Table 14: UTair Aviakompaniya OAO, Key Facts... 52 Table 15: UTair Aviakompaniya OAO, Main Services... 53 Table 16: UTair Aviakompaniya OAO, History... 53 Table 17: UTair Aviakompaniya OAO, Key Employees... 58 Table 18: JSC S7 Airlines, Key Facts... 59 Table 19: JSC S7 Airlines, Main Services... 59 Table 20: JSC S7 Airlines, Key Employees... 59 Table 21: Ural Airlines JSC, Key Facts... 60 Table 22: Ural Airlines JSC, Main Services... 60 Table 23: Ural Airlines JSC, Key Employees... 60 Table 24: Transaero Airlines OJSC, Key Facts... 61 Table 25: Transaero Airlines OJSC, Main Services... 61 Table 26: Transaero Airlines OJSC, Key Employees... 62 Table 27: AMAKS Hotels & Resorts, Key Facts... 63 Table 28: AMAKS Hotels & Resorts, Main Services... 63 Table 29: AMAKS Hotels & Resorts, Key Employees... 64 Table 30: Rezidor Hotel Group Russia, Key Facts... 65 Table 31: Rezidor Hotel Group Russia, Main Services... 65 Table 32: Rezidor Hotel Group Russia, Key Employees... 65 Table 33: Intourist Hotel Group Management Company, Key Facts... 66 Table 34: Intourist Hotel Group Management Company, Main Services and Brands... 66 Table 35: Intourist Hotel Group Management Company, Key Employees... 66 Table 36: AZIMUT Hotels Company, Key Facts... 67 Table 37: AZIMUT Hotels Company, Main Services and Brands... 67 Table 38: AZIMUT Hotels Company, Key Employees... 67 Table 39: Marriott Hotels Russia, Key Facts... 68 Table 40: Marriott Hotels Russia, Main Services and Brands... 68 Table 41: Marriott Hotels Russia, Key Employees... 68 Table 42: Europcar Russia, Key Facts... 69 Table 43: Europcar Russia, Main Services... 69 Table 44: Europcar Russia, Key Employees... 69 Table 45: Hertz Russia, Key Facts... 70 Table 46: Hertz Russia, Main Services And Brands... 70 Table 47: Hertz Russia, Key Employees... 70 Table 48: Avis Car Rental Russia, Key Facts... 71 Table 49: Avis Car Rental Russia, Main Services And Brands... 71 Table 50: Avis Car Rental Russia, Key Employees... 71 Table 51: National Car Rental Russia, Key Facts... 72 Table 52: National Car Rental Russia, Main Services And Brands... 72 Table 53: National Car Rental Russia, Key Employees... 72 Table 54: Sixt Rent a Car Russia, Key Facts... 73 Table 55: Sixt Rent a Car Russia, Main Services And Brands... 73 Table 56: Sixt Rent a Car Russia, Key Employees... 73 Table 57: Intourist VAO OAO, Key Facts... 74 Table 58: Intourist VAO OAO, Main Services and Brands... 74 Table 59: Intourist VAO OAO, Key Employees... 74 Table 60: PEGAS Touristik OOO, Key Facts... 75 Table 61: PEGAS Touristik OOO, Main Services and Brands... 75 Table 62: PEGAS Touristik OOO, Key Employees... 75 Table 63: Real Russia, Key Facts... 76 Table 64: Real Russia, Main Services and Brands... 76 Table 65: Real Russia, Key Employees... 76 Table 66: Go Travel Un Limited, Key Facts... 77 Travel and Tourism in Russia to 2018 Page 16

LIST OF TABLES Table 67: Go Travel Un Limited, Main Services and Brands... 77 Table 68: Go Travel Un Limited, Key Employees... 77 Table 69: Oktogo.ru, Key Facts... 78 Table 70: Oktogo.ru, Main Services and Brands... 78 Table 71: Oktogo.ru, Key Employees... 78 Table 72: Russia Total Tourism Output by Category (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 79 Table 73: Russia Direct Tourism Output by Category (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 80 Table 74: Russia Indirect Tourism Output by Category (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 81 Table 75: Russia Total Tourism Output Generated per Employee by Category (RUB Thousand), 2009 2018... 82 Table 76: Russia Direct Tourism Output Generated per Employee by Category (RUB Thousand), 2009 2018... 83 Table 77: Russia Indirect Tourism Output Generated per Employee by Category (RUB Thousand), 2009 2018... 84 Table 78: Russia Total Tourism Employment by Category (Thousand), 2009 2018... 85 Table 79: Russia Total Tourism Employment as a Percentage of Total Employment by Category (%), 2009 2018... 85 Table 80: Russia Direct Tourism Employment by Category (Thousand), 2009 2018... 86 Table 81: Russia Direct Tourism Employment as a Percentage of Total Employment by Category (%), 2009 2018... 86 Table 82: Russia Indirect Tourism Employment by Category (Thousand), 2009 2018... 87 Table 83: Russia Indirect Tourism Employment as a Percentage of Total Employment by Category (%), 2009 2018... 87 Table 84: Russia Average Salary per Employee by Category (RUB), 2009 2018... 88 Table 85: Russia Total Gross Income Generated by Total Tourism Employment by Category (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 89 Table 86: Russia Number of Trips by Purpose (Million), 2009 2018... 90 Table 87: Russia Overnight Stays (Million), 2009 2018... 91 Table 88: Russia Total Domestic Tourism Expenditure by Category (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 92 Table 89: Russia Average Expenditure per Domestic Tourist by Category (RUB), 2009 2018... 93 Table 90: Russia International Arrivals by Region (Thousand), 2009 2018... 94 Table 91: Russia International Arrivals by Purpose of Visit (Thousand), 2009 2018... 95 Table 92: Russia International Arrivals by Mode of Transport (Thousand), 2009 2018... 96 Table 93: Russia Overnight Stays (Million), 2009 2018... 97 Table 94: Russia Total Inbound Tourism Expenditure by Category (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 98 Table 95: Russia Average Expenditure per Inbound Tourist by Category (RUB), 2009 2018... 99 Table 96: Russia International Departures by Region (Thousand), 2009 2018... 100 Table 97: Russia International Departures by Purpose of Visit (Thousand), 2009 2018... 101 Table 98: Russia International Departures by Mode of Transport (Thousand), 2009 2018... 102 Table 99: Russia Overnight Stays (Million), 2009 2018... 103 Table 100: Russia Total Outbound Tourism Expenditure by Category (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 104 Table 101: Russia Average Outbound Expenditure per Resident by Category (RUB), 2009 2018... 105 Table 102: Russia Seats Available by Carrier Type (Thousand), 2009 2018... 106 Table 103: Russia Seats Sold by Carrier Type Business Travel (Thousand), 2009 2018... 107 Table 104: Russia Seats Sold by Carrier Type Leisure Travel (Thousand), 2009 2018... 108 Table 105: Russia Load Factor by Carrier Type (%), 2009 2018... 109 Table 106: Russia Passenger Kilometers Available by Carrier Type (Million), 2009 2018... 110 Table 107: Russia Revenue Generating Passenger Kilometers by Carrier Type (Million), 2009 2018... 111 Table 108: Russia Revenue per Passenger by Carrier Type (RUB), 2009 2018... 112 Table 109: Russia Total Revenue by Carrier Type (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 113 Table 110: Russia Establishments by Category (Actual), 2009 2018... 114 Table 111: Russia Available Hotel Rooms by Hotel Category (Thousand), 2009 2018... 115 Table 112: Russia Room Occupancy Rate by Hotel Category (%), 2009 2018... 116 Table 113: Russia Room Nights Available by Hotel Category (Million), 2009 2018... 117 Table 114: Russia Room Nights Occupied by Hotel Category (Million), 2009 2018... 118 Table 115: Russia Average Revenue per Available Room by Hotel Category (RUB), 2009 2018... 119 Table 116: Russia Revenue per Occupied Room by Hotel Category (RUB), 2009 2018... 120 Table 117: Russia Total Revenue Per Available Room by Hotel Category (RUB), 2009 2018... 121 Table 118: Russia Total Revenue by Hotel Category and Customer Type (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 122 Table 119: Russia Guests by Hotel Category and Customer Type (Thousand), 2009 2018... 123 Table 120: Russia Market Value by Customer Type and Rental Location (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 124 Table 121: Russia Fleet Size (Actual), 2009 2018... 125 Table 122: Russia Rental Occasions (Thousands), 2009 2018... 126 Table 123: Russia Rental Days (Million), 2009 2018... 127 Table 124: Russia Average Rental Length (Days), 2009 2018... 127 Table 125: Russia Market Utilization Rate (%), 2009 2018... 128 Table 126: Russia Car Rental Average Revenue per Day (RUB), 2009 2018... 129 Table 127: Russia Travel Intermediaries Market Value by Product Type (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 130 Table 128: Russia Travel Intermediaries Online Revenues by Provider (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 131 Table 129: Russia Travel Intermediaries Online Revenues by Type of Tourist (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 132 Table 130: Russia Travel Intermediaries In-Store Revenues by Provider (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 133 Table 131: Russia Travel Intermediaries In-Store Revenues by Type of Tourist (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 134 Table 132: Russia Travel Agent Revenues from Domestic Tourism by Sales Channel (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 135 Table 133: Russia Travel Agent Revenues from International Tourism by Sales Channel (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 136 Table 134: Russia Tour Operator Revenues from Domestic Tourism by Sales Channel (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 137 Table 135: Russia Tour Operator Revenues from International Tourism by Sales Channel (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 138 Travel and Tourism in Russia to 2018 Page 17

LIST OF TABLES Table 136: Russia Other Intermediaries Revenues from Domestic Tourism by Sales Channel (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 139 Table 137: Russia Other Intermediaries Revenues from International Tourism by Sales Channel (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 140 Table 138: Travel &Tourism IC Travel and Tourism Sector Definitions... 141 Travel and Tourism in Russia to 2018 Page 18

LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Russia Tourism Expenditure (US$ Million), 2009 2018... 3 Figure 2: Russia Key Ratios(%), 2009 2018... 3 Figure 3: Russia Domestic Tourism Expenditure (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 17 Figure 4: Russia International Arrivals by Mode of Transport (%), 2009 and 2013... 18 Figure 5: Visa Policy... 19 Figure 6: Russia International Departures by Purpose of Visit (Thousands), 2009 2018... 20 Figure 7: Visa Requirements for Russian Citizens... 21 Figure 8: Russia Number of Trips by Purpose (Thousand), 2009 2018... 25 Figure 9: Russia International Departures by Mode of Transport (%),2018... 26 Figure 10: Russia Seats Available by Carrier Type (Thousand), 2009 2018... 27 Figure 11: Russia Passenger Airlines: Company Market Share by Volume (%), 2012 and 2013... 30 Figure 12: Russia Seats Sold vs Seats Available (Thousand), 2009 2018... 31 Figure 13: Russia Average Revenue per Room(US$), 2013... 32 Figure 14: Russia Total Hotel Revenue (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 35 Figure 15: Russia Car Rental Value by Location (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 36 Figure 16: Russia Average Revenue per Day (RUB), 2009 2018... 38 Figure 17: Russia Travel Intermediaries Market Value by Channel (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 39 Figure 18: Russia Travel Intermediaries Market Value by Product Type (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 41 Figure 19: Russia Total Tourism Output by Category (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 79 Figure 20: Russia Direct Tourism Output by Category (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 80 Figure 21: Russia Indirect Tourism Output by Category (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 81 Figure 22: Russia Total Tourism Output Generated per Employee by Category (RUB Thousand), 2009 2018... 82 Figure 23: Russia Direct Tourism Output Generated per Employee by Category (RUB Thousand), 2009 2018... 83 Figure 24: Russia Indirect Tourism Output Generated per Employee by Category (RUB Thousand), 2009 2018... 84 Figure 25: Russia Total Tourism Employment by Category (Thousand), 2009 2018... 85 Figure 26: Russia Direct Tourism Employment by Category (Thousand), 2009 2018... 86 Figure 27: Russia Indirect Tourism Employment by Category (Thousand), 2009 2018... 87 Figure 28: Russia Average Salary per Employee by Category (RUB), 2009 2018... 88 Figure 29: Russia Total Gross Income Generated by Total Tourism Employment by Category (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 89 Figure 30: Russia Number of Trips by Purpose (Million), 2009 2018... 90 Figure 31: Russia Overnight Stays (Million), 2009 2018... 91 Figure 32: Russia Total Domestic Tourism Expenditure by Category (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 92 Figure 33: Russia Average Expenditure per Domestic Tourist by Category (RUB), 2009 2018... 93 Figure 34: Russia International Arrivals by Region (Thousand), 2009 2018... 94 Figure 35: Russia International Arrivals by Purpose of Visit (Thousand), 2009 2018... 95 Figure 36: Russia International Arrivals by Mode of Visit (Thousand), 2009 2018... 96 Figure 37: Russia Overnight Stays (Million), 2009 2018... 97 Figure 38: Russia Total Inbound Tourism Expenditure by Category (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 98 Figure 39: Russia Average Expenditure per Inbound Tourist by Category (RUB), 2009 2018... 99 Figure 40: Russia International Departures by Region (Thousand), 2009 2018... 100 Figure 41: Russia International Departures by Purpose of Visit (Thousand), 2009 2018... 101 Figure 42: Russia International Departures by Mode of Visit (Thousand), 2009 2018... 102 Figure 43: Russia Overnight Stays (Million), 2009 2018... 103 Figure 44: Russia Total Outbound Tourism Expenditure by Category (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 104 Figure 45: Russia Average Outbound Expenditure per Resident by Category (RUB), 2009 2018... 105 Figure 46: Russia Seats Available by Carrier Type (Thousand), 2009 2018... 106 Figure 47: Russia Seats Sold by Carrier Type Business Travel (Thousand), 2009 2018... 107 Figure 48: Russia Seats Sold by Carrier Type Leisure Travel (Thousand), 2009 2018... 108 Figure 49: Russia Load Factor by Carrier Type (%), 2009 2018... 109 Figure 50: Russia Passenger Kilometers Available by Carrier Type (Million), 2009 2018... 110 Figure 51: Russia Revenue Generating Passenger Kilometers by Carrier Type (Million), 2009 2018... 111 Figure 52: Russia Revenue per Passenger by Carrier Type (RUB), 2009 2018... 112 Figure 53: Russia Total Revenue by Carrier Type (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 113 Figure 54: Russia Establishments by Category (Actual), 2009 2018... 114 Figure 55: Russia Available Hotel Rooms by Hotel Category (Thousand), 2009 2018... 115 Figure 56: Russia Room Occupancy Rate by Hotel Category (%), 2009 2018... 116 Figure 57: Russia Room Nights Available by Hotel Category (Million), 2009 2018... 117 Figure 58: Russia Room Nights Occupied by Hotel Category (Million), 2009 2018... 118 Figure 59: Russia Average Revenue per Available Room by Hotel Category (RUB), 2009 2018... 119 Figure 60: Russia Revenue per Occupied Room (RUB), 2009 2018... 120 Figure 61: Russia Total Revenue per Available Room (RUB), 2009 2018... 121 Figure 62: Russia Total Revenue by Hotel Category (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 122 Figure 63: Russia Guests by Hotel Category (Thousand), 2009 2018... 123 Figure 64: Russia Market Value by Customer Type and Rental Location (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 124 Figure 65: Russia Fleet Size (Actual), 2009 2018... 125 Travel and Tourism in Russia to 2018 Page 19

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 66: Russia Rental Occasions (Thousands), 2009 2018... 126 Figure 67: Russia Rental Days (Million), vs Average Rental Length (Days), 2009 2018... 127 Figure 68: Russia Market Utilization Rate (%), 2009 2018... 128 Figure 69: Russia Car Rental Average Revenue per Day (RUB), 2009 2018... 129 Figure 70: Russia Travel Intermediaries Market Value by Product Type (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 130 Figure 71: Russia Travel Intermediaries Online Revenues by Provider (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 131 Figure 72: Russia Travel Intermediaries Online Revenues by Type of Tourist (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 132 Figure 73: Russia Travel Intermediaries In-Store Revenues by Provider (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 133 Figure 74: Russia Travel Intermediaries In-Store Revenues by Type of Tourist (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 134 Figure 75: Russia Travel Agent Revenues from Domestic Tourism by Sales Channel (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 135 Figure 76: Russia Travel Agent Revenues from International Tourism by Sales Channel (RUB Billion), 2009 2018... 136 Figure 77: Russia Tour Operator Revenues from Domestic Tourism by Sales Channel (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 137 Figure 78: Russia Tour Operator Revenues from International Tourism by Sales Channel (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 138 Figure 79: Russia Other Intermediaries Revenues from Domestic Tourism by Sales Channel (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 139 Figure 80: Russia Other Intermediaries Revenues from International Tourism by Sales Channel (RUB Million), 2009 2018... 140 Travel and Tourism in Russia to 2018 Page 20