AirportInfo Aeronautical Revenue November 2014
Aeronautical Revenue Airline rents, usage fees and charges are the primary source of the aeronautical, or airside, revenue. Each airline pays the airport for the use and maintenance of its facilities. Most airports create a contract with airlines wishing to use its facilities, typically known as a Use and Lease agreement. This contract frames the relationship between the airport and the airline. One of the most important elements of any Use and Lease Agreement is the definition of the compensation the airline pays to the airport for use and maintenance of its facilities, including: Terminal rents Based on the amount of space an airline uses inside the terminal. Landing fees A per plane charge, usually based on the weight of the aircraft. Other charges Specific fees for extra airport services (e.g. use of a jet bridge). An airline does not have to have a signed contract to use an airport. However, an airline with a contract, typically called a signatory airline, enjoys special benefits such as lower rates. At some airports these contracts give an airline a voice in the management and longterm planning of the airport. 2
Billions of U.S. Dollars % Change YoY U.S. Airports Have Navigated Tough Market Conditions Since 2009 and Are Beginning to Show Signs of Recovery 12 10% 10 5% 8 0% 6-5% 4-10% 2-15% 0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013-20% Aeronautical Operating Revenue Aeronautical Percentage Change from Previous Year Note: 2013 is the latest full fiscal year data available in FAA CATS database. Nonaeronautical Operating Revenue Nonaeronautical Percentage Change from Previous Year 3
Terminal Rents and Landing Fees are the Two Main Sources of Aeronautical Revenue Total Operating Revenues $18,221 Million 2013 ($ Millions) Terminal area apron charges/tiedown, $153, 2% Federal Inspection Fees, $207, 2% Other passenger aeronautical fees, $250, 2% Total Non- Aeronautical Revenue, $8,221, 45% Total Aeronautical Revenue, $10,000, 55% Terminal arrival fees, rents, and utilities, $4,515, 45% Non-Passenger Aeronautical Revenue, $1,875, 19% Passenger airline landing fees, $3,000, 30% Aeronautical Revenues $10,000 Million Notes: 2013 is the latest full fiscal year data available in FAA CATS database. Non-Passenger Aeronautical Revenue includes aeronautical revenues not associated with the direct transport of passengers. 4
Passenger Airlines Contribute Less Than Half of Total U.S. Airports Operating Revenue For All Hub Sizes Median Passenger Airline Revenue as a Percent of Total Airport Operating Revenue by Hub Size (%) Large Medium Small Non 55% 50% 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 The contribution of passenger airlines to U.S. airports operating revenue varies by hub size. Large and Medium hubs generate higher passenger-related revenue due to strong commercial air service representing 88% of total US enplanements. Conversely, Small and Non hubs with lower levels of commercial service, primarily source their revenue from rental car, ground transportation and parking facilities, as well as general aviation and military activities. Notes: 2013 is the latest full fiscal year data available in FAA CATS database. Figures used are median for each FAA hub category. 5
U.S. Airport Charges Increased Moderately Median Passenger Airline Revenue per Enplanement by Hub Size ($) $11 Large Medium Small Non $10 $9 $8 $7 $6 $5 $4 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 As airlines continue to shift capacity to Large Hub airports, more complex infrastructure is needed requiring more capital investment and a higher recovery cost. Medium and Smaller U.S. airports have been particularly affected by airline capacity shifts causing the need to compensate for high fixed cost for slower enplanement growth. Notes: Note: 2013 is the latest full fiscal year data available in FAA CATS database. Figures used are median for each FAA hub category. 6
Landing Fees For Medium and Small Hubs Have Been on the Rise To Compensate For Declining Airline Capacity Median Airport Landing Fee Rate by Hub Size ($/1,000LB) $3.5 Large Medium Small Non $3.0 $2.5 $2.0 $1.5 $1.0 $0.5 $0.0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Notes: 2013 is the latest full fiscal year data available in FAA CATS database. Figures used are median for each FAA hub category. Only includes landing fees for signatory airlines. 7
Airport Costs Continue to Be a Minor Expense for Airlines Airport Cost as a Percent of Airline Operating Expenses (%) 6% Landing Fees Airport Rents* 5% 4% 3% 2.9% 3.0% 3.1% 3.2% 3.0% 2.9% 3.0% 2.7% 2.5% 2.9% 2.6% 2.4% 2.4% 2.4% 2% 1% 1.7% 1.8% 2.1% 2.1% 2.1% 2.0% 1.9% 1.8% 1.7% 2.1% 1.9% 1.7% 1.7% 1.6% 0% 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Landing fees and terminal rents accounted for just 4% of airline operating expenses in 2013. Source: Diio Mi Note: * Includes all airline rental fees (i.e. real estate, off airport property) excluding flying operation rentals (i.e. aircraft rentals) 8
AirportInfo November 2014 Contact: Economic Affairs and Research Tel: 202-293-8500 Email: EconomicAffairs@aci-na.org www.aci-na.org