Tourism in Brazil Environment, management and segments Edited by Gui Lohmann and Dianne Dredge S3 Routledge jj! % Taylor & Francis Group LONDON AND NEW YORK
Contents List of illustrations ' xiii List of contributors ' xv Preface xxi Acknowledgements xxv 1 Introduction 1 GUI LOHMANN AND DIANNE DREDGE Brazil: a land of contrasts 1 People 2 Culture 5 Social development 6 Government and democracy 8 Nature and natural resources 8 Economic growth 9 Regional development 11 Tourism demand 12 References 15 2 Tourism development, policy and planning in Brazil 17 LINDEMBERG MEDEIROS DE ARAUJO AND DIANNE DREDGE Introduction 17 Background 18 Shifting approaches to tourism planning and policy 19 Federal tourism policies in Brazil 21 Advances and drawbacks in tourism development and planning 23 Discussion 24 Conclusions 27 References 28
x Tourism in Brazil 3 Community-based tourism: sustainability as a matter of results management 30 EDUARDO JORGE COSTA MIELKE Introduction 30 The unsustainability of CBT projects 31 Research approach and methods \33 Key sustainability issues 35 - CBT project monitoring and assessment 39 Conclusion 41 References 42 f 4 Tourism transport issues in Brazil. 44 GUI LOHMANN AND JAKOB TRISCHLER Introduction 44 Tourism transport in Brazil 44 Modes of tourism transport in Brazil 47 River tourism transport in the Amazon 49 Conclusions 57 References 58 5 Sustainability dilemmas for Brazil in hosting mega-sport events 60 ARIANNE CARVALHEDO REIS AND LAMARTINE PEREIRA DACOSTA Introduction 60 Sustainability and mega-sport events 61 Research approach 62 The 2007 Rio de Janeiro Pan American Games and the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympic Games lessons to be learned 64 The 2014 FIFA World Cup and challenges for Brazil 67 Conclusions 71 References 72 6 Challenges and opportunities for small businesses in and around Brazilian protected areas 77 PAULO JORDAO DE O. C. FORTES AND JOSE ANTONIO PUPPIM DE OLIVEIRA Introduction 77 Tourism, protected areas and small enterprises 78 Case study background 78 Research rationale and methodology 81 Findings: the process of upgrading the SCC 82 Conclusions 88 References 89
Contents xi 7 Tourism development and distribution channels in Brotas: Brazilian adventure capital 91 SANDRO CARNICELLI-FILHO "AND GUI LOHMANN Introduction 91 ' Adventure tourism: development and distribution channels 92 Adventure tourism in Brazil 94\ Methods 95 \ Findings 96 Discussion and conclusion 104 References 106 8 Protecting sea turtles via ecotourism: the case of the TAMAR project in Praia do Forte, Bahia ; 108 FERNANDA DE VASCONCELLOS PEGAS Introduction 108 Background: sea turtles and ecotourism 109 The TAMAR project and sea turtle conservation in Brazil 110 Methodology 112 Results 114 Discussion 116 Conclusion 118 References 120 ' 9 Backpacker tourism in the Brazilian Amazon: challenges and opportunities 123 CRISTINA RODRIGUES AND BRUCE PRIDEAUX Introduction 123 Conceptualizing backpacker tourism 123 The Brazilian tourism industry 126 Methodology 127 Findings 128 Conclusion 138 References 139 > 10 Sensual tourism in Brazil: the off-season carnival (micareta) experience 141 MIGUEL MOITAL AND JOSE GANDARA Introduction 141 Background 143 Motivation 144 Sensuality in tourism 145 Methodology 146
xii Tourism in Brazil Findings 149 Discussion and conclusions 152 References 155 11 Staged indigeneity and the Patax6 158 RODRIGO DE AZEREDO GRUNEWALD \ y Introduction 158 ; Theory, field and method 159 Indigeneity tourism 161 The Pataxo case 162 Conclusion 168 References 171 12 Tourism education and research in Brazil 173 SERGIO RODRIGUES LEAL, ALEXANDRE PANOSSO NETTO AND LUIZ GONZAGA GODOI TRIGO Introduction 173 The Brazilian education system 173 Tourism education in Brazil in the international context 174 Development of tourism education and research in Brazil 177 Postgraduate tourism education in Brazil 184 Conclusions 184 References 187 13 Conclusions 189 DIANNE DREDGE AND GUI LOHMANN Significance and contributions 190 Key issues and insights 193 Future directions 194 References 195 Index 197