From Greece to Rome
Find Out Questions Find Out Questions (FOQs) are the main ideas that guide us through the unit. They will also be the questions used for unit exams. There are 3 FOQs for Unit 2: 1. In what ways did the Greeks express themselves creatively? Did their art have special meanings? 2. In what way did the idea of democracy develop in ancient Greece? 3. In what ways did the Romans use Greek ideas and beliefs?
Textbook Gooood! Our textbook has tons of stuff that will help us understand European history. The textbook is like a smart friend who doesn t talk much. For this unit, we will use parts of chapters 5 and 6 to help us understand the FOQs.
What Does Greece Look Like?
Greeks Are Connected to the Sea
The Greek Mainland is Mountainous and Isolated
Modern Greece has Grown Next to Ancient Greece Why do you think modern Athens has built up around ancient Athens?
Activity #1 Let s start using our textbook. Read Setting the Scene together on page 105. Then in pairs, read the description of Greece on the rest of page 105. Next, in your pairs, look at the box called Skills Assessment on page 106. With your partner identify the items in #1. Finally, answer #2 and #3 in writing and in you notes. For this in class assignment, it s ok to work together with your partner to get the answers.
What does this picture tell you about Greece?
Economically, what might be good about being close to the sea?
FOQ#1 In what ways did the Greeks express themselves creatively? Did their art have special meanings? Greek creativity came in many forms. Architecture Sculpture Mosaics Theatre Literature Sports
Greek Architecture
Sculpture
Mosaics
Theatre
Literature
Sports
FOQ#1 While beautiful in many ways, Greek creative expression served 2 special purposes: It honored their many gods (polytheism) It taught Greek citizens morality and ideals Honor Courage Intelligence through learning Faithfulness Leadership
Activity#2 Directions: Working in pairs, create a concept web based on The Glory That Was Greece on pages 115-119. Choose 1 of 3 examples of Greek creative achievements: Greek Philosophers, Architecture and Art, and Poetry and Drama. Build your concept web using the example provided. Again, it s ok to work with a partner now and share ideas. Later on, you ll work individually. Be as detailed as possible.
Concept Web Example Interviewed witnesses Herodotus: The Persian Wars Questioned his sources The Writing of History His writing reflected his own point-ofview
Architecture Concept Web Columns were major building parts Greek Architecture Parthenon On the Acropolis Temple for Athena
FOQ#2 In what ways did the idea of democracy develop in ancient Greece? Greek civilization was divided into isolated societies who built cities that ruled themselves. A self-ruling city was called a polis. Earliest Greek city-states were led by individual kings. Two social groups made up most of the population of many cities-states the middle class and the aristocracy (upper class).
Middle Class vs. Aristocracy Read Governing the City-States on page 106 to find information to answer the question below. Who were the middle class in Greece and who were the aristocracy? Work with a partner and describe both social classes in your Day 3 notes.
FOQ#2 As the kings went away, the middle class began to resent the aristocracy s rise to political power. They demanded more equality. In Athens, as well as in other city-states, the aristocracy agreed to reforms (positive changes) to give more power and benefits to the middle class. Greece, especially Athens, became a place for positive political change.
Homework #1 Directions: Read Athens: A limited Democracy on page 107. Write a list of examples of ways that the middle class won greater political power. Also, notice who was left out of these democratic reforms. Put all of your answers in your Day #3 notes.
A Long Time Ago in Greece A long time ago in Greece, the people were ruled by kings and lived in citystates. A citystate was called a polis.
Later, Things changed Later, kings lost power to groups of rich land owning Greeks called Patricians. Along with Patricians was another group of Greek citizens called the middle class. They were successful commoners.
Change Positive Change! The middle class thought it was unfair that the Patricians were so powerful. They wanted to share political power in Greek city-states. Especially in Athens. Patricians agreed to the demands and shared political power with the middle class.
What Did They Get? In Athens, the patricians agreed to many changes: The middle class could elect representatives to serve in government. Democracy! Patricians agreed to write down the laws of Greece so that everyone could see and know them. A Constitution!
Who Was Left Out? Greek Women Slaves
The Greek Wars The Greeks fought many wars. The first was against a rival civilization called Persia. The Greeks won! Next, Greeks fought against each other. These were called the Peloponnesian Wars. After those wars, Greece was weakened so much that a civilization called the Macedonians invaded and conquered Greece.
FOQ#3 In what ways did the Romans use Greek ideas and beliefs? Early in their history, Rome was a republic. A republic is a government ruled by elected officials from the upper class (patricians). The lower class (plebeians) thought it unfair and demanded reforms. Plebeians were allowed to elect representatives who would speak for them in government. They were called tribunes. Plebeians also demanded that the laws of Rome be physically written down so that all citizens would be treated fairly. This was the beginning of a constitution.
Why might you want to build something on this location?
FOQ#3 Romans worshiped many gods similar to the Greek gods. Many wealthy Romans also used Greek tutors as the former respected the latter and wanted their children to benefit from Greek knowledge. Roman architecture was also inspired by Greece. Lastly, the Roman military used citizen-soldiers. They fought extremely well and personified high morals like the Greeks.
Roman Architecture
More Roman Architecture How is Roman architecture similar to Greek? How is it different?
Roman Citizen-Soldiers
Democracy is Born!