INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE "The Alpine Convention and the Carpathian Convention: sharing the experiences. The Apennines a European mountain range" Sarnano (MC) 23-24 aprile 2014
Sustainable mobility and tourism as a challenge in mountain regions ROMAIN MOLITOR, DI Dr. Komobile Gmunden, Vienna; Austria Luxembourg, Luxembourg
Mountainous Areas in Europe Source: EEA
Challenges
Mountainous areas are sensitive areas Impact of transport in mountainous areas: Effects of air pollution have a higher impact due to specific meteorological conditions and due to topography Noise spread is intensified due to specific topographic conditions Climate change may cause dramatic impacts changes ( cryosphere) As a driver among other: Concentration of traffic flows on a limited number of trunk links (road and rail)
Traffic flows on trunk roads crossing the Alps Vehicle/day Source: BMVIT 2004
Noise spread in mountainous areas compared to lowland Source: BMVIT
Climate change Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and since the 1950s, many of the observed changes are unprecedented over decades to millenia Human influence on the climate system is clear. ( ) It is extremely likely that human influence has been the dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century Source: IPCC (2013)
Consequences of global warming Average temperature during 2003-2012 has increased by 0,78 C compared to 1850-1900 Increase of extreme weathers and natural disasters (i.e. heat waves, extreme rainfall) Rising sea levels Snow cover extent declines in the northern hemisphere Arctic sea ice decline Source: IPCC 2013 Quelle: IPCC (2013)
Climate change: consequences in winter tourism Source: OECD 2008
Why sustainable tourism and mobility? Global tourism emissions (CO 2 ) in 2005 Air transport: 522 MT CO 2 40% Car transport: 418 MT CO 2 32% Other transport: 39 MT CO 2 3% Accomodation: 274 MT CO 2 21% Activities: 32 MT CO 2 4% 75% of CO 2 emissions of tourism caused by transport approx. 5% of global CO 2 emissions caused by tourism Source: UNWTO/Gössling 2008/2010
Modal choice in OD-destination trips in tourism in Europe Source: Eurostat (2008)
Tourism and Transport in the Alps and the Carpathians
Different intensities The Alps (Alpine Convention) 14 million residents 95 million long-stay visitors p.a. 60 million same-day visitors p.a. Source: Al penzustandsbericht 2008, Atlas of the Ca rpethian Macroregion The Carpathians 18 million residents 31 million guests a year
Tourism intensity in the area of the Alpine Convention Tourism intensity = Number of tourist beds per resident population Source: Alpenzustandsbericht 2008
Arrivals tourists in the Alps (2007) Source: Molitor et al. 2008
Modal Split in tourism arrivals to the Alps Source: Molitor et al. 2008
Measures for a more sustainable mobility in tourism o o o o Reduction of the environmental impacts, especially CO 2 -Emissionen caused by transport during leisure and holiday activities Creation of attractive environmental-friendly offers for guests for the journey to and within the destination Motivation of using public and alternative means of transportations Shifting of leisure and tourism trips to less climate harmful ways of transport
Good Practice
Alpine Pearls Soft mobility guarantee Car-free areas Wide range of alternative mobility offers www.alpine-pearls.com www.alpsmobility.net Sources: Alpine Pearls
Alpine Pearls Soft mobility guarantee Car-free areas Wide range of alternative mobility offers www.alpine-pearls.com www.alpsmobility.net Sources: Alpine Pearls
Neukirchen/Bramberg, AT arrivals: 120.400 inhabitants: 6.440 Guest card = Mobility card: Free use of the regional railway and busses Discounted use of hikingbusses Discounted rental fee for (e-) Bike Involvement of offers at arrival and departure with the Pinzgaubahn Three new hiking bus-routes Integration of (e-)bike rental Marketing and PR-activities TVB Neukirchen Usage of the regional railway were above expectations
klima:aktiv mobil program in Austria
Measures in klima:aktiv mobil Public transport: Improving the accessibility by public transport, insatlöation of shuttle services, buses for special purposes (ski, hiking ) etc. Cycling: Investments in infrastructure (cycling paths and lanes), installation of rental services for bikes etc. Touristic products: All inclusive cards; tickets including all transport servicves and the entrance etc. Marketing: Infortmation of sustainabel transport offers, awareness raising programs etc.
Switzerland Mobility Mobility platform incl. Multimodal Interactive maps Free mobile app Redirects to tourism booking platforms www.schweizmobil.ch/en/schweiz mobil.html
South Tyrol Venosta (Vinschgau) railway State-of-the-art and barrierfreee infrastructure and rolling stock Bike rentals in and around our train stations Travel with pt and rent a bike with only one bikemobil Card Source: Otfried Knoll www.vinschgauerbahn.it/en/ Source: STA
Thank you for your attention! Questions? komobile w7 Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Romain Molitor A- 1070 Vienna Schottenfeldgasse 51/17 t: +43 1 89 00 681 f: +43 1 89 00 681 10 romain.molitor@komobile.at www.komobile.at