Topics Review The Fall of the PRI & Fox Elections 2006 and Calderon & the Drug War Return of the PRI 2012 1
Vicente Fox 2000-2006 1999 Promised to solve the issue of Zapatistas in 15 minutes 1999 waves the banner of the Virgin de Guadalupe 2
July 2, 2000 Elections PRI Francisco Labastida 36.11% PRD Cuauhtémoc Cardenas 16.64% PAN Vicente Fox 42.52% The end of the PRI s 71-year control of government Smooth peaceful transition 3
Fox (Sexenio 2000-2006) PRI and PRD controlled-congress Zapatour Zapatistas addressed Congress & Indian rights bill 2001 September 11 Concerns with border security put the immigration reform on the back burner Drug War New Policy 2001 Chapo Guzman escapes from prison 4
Los Tigres Del Norte - La Granja http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ff3c-kyv8wi 5
Fox War on Drugs 2001 El Chapo Guzman, leader of Sinaloa Cartel, escapes from prison 2004-2005 turf war between cartels in Nuevo Laredo Why Laredo? Gulf Cartel Zetas: paramilitary group April 2006 Decapitation of 2 Acapulco policemen (Middle East?) Fox puts Nuevo Laredo under federal control 6
July 2, 2006 Elections PAN Felipe Calderon wins by less than 1% (233,832 votes) 35.89% PRD Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador 35.31% PRI Roberto Madrazo 22.26% Accusations of Fraud PRD protests the result and camp out in the Zocalo 2006 September PRD take over congressional session http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cftzioqfeiq 7
Presidential Election State Results 2006 8
Felipe Calderon 2006-2012 Policy against cartels Militarization of Mexico Calderon has 45,000 troops in 18 states Merida Initiative Aim to combat drug trafficking Domestic policy Universal health care Growth of schools & hospitals ATF Fast & Furious Operation U.S. guns sold to cartels in Mexico (1,725 weapons) 9
2009 PRI Comeback 10
2009 April: H1N1 Virus (Swine Flu) Dec: Mexico City legalizes gay marriage Summer Olympics 2012 Gold Medal 11
Huichol Struggle for Land 21 st Century Wirikuta, place where the sun was born. 22 mining concessions Issue unresolved? http://www.youtube.com/wat ch?v=nlaqx1nw-zu 12
Is Mexico a failed state or a narco-state? Failed state Failed statea weak state where social a nd political structures have collapsed to the point where the government has l ittle or no control. U.S. ambassadors Carlos Pascual Earl Anthony Wayne Narco state narco-state - an area that has been taken over and is controlled and corrupted by drug cartels and where law enforcement is effectively nonexistent. Clinton: Colombianization of Mexico 13
14
Calderon s Legacy 2006-2012 Michoacán Declares war on cartels Cartels seek to replace Government More than 55,000 deaths since Jan. 2007 15
16
cartoons referencing history 17
What is a Cartel? A cartel is a group of businesses that agree to fix prices so they all will make more money. 18
How Cartels work? 19
Mexican Drug Cartels The Sinaloa Cartel The Juarez Cartel The Tijuana Cartel The Gulf Cartel Los Zetas La Familia http://www.forbes.com/lists/2010/10/billionaires-2010_joaquin- Guzman-Loera_FS0Y.html 20
21
Marijuana Cultivation Cocaine Trade 22
Opium Cultivation 23
Cartels and Pop-Culture Narco-novelas: La Reina del Sur Banning of Narco-corridos Los Tucanes de Tijuana Laura Zuniga, Miss Sinaloa, arrested. Shooting of soccer star Salvador Cabanas Jan 2010 Aug. 2011 soccer game Morelia v. Santos in Torreon Coahuila suspended due to narco-violence 24
Cartels in American Pop Culture Chicago declares el chapo Guzman public enemy #1 25
The Ballad of Heisenberg Narco Cultura documentary 2013 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lxxiuev9loe The War On Drugs In Mexico 23 mins documentary http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mn8heovyfyu http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kz7okjlr0wg BBC Mexico Drug Cartel War http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xp6f06bbvbo 59 mins 26
Mexico s Economy (13 th ) 1. Oil (7 th production of oil) $80 billion 2. Remittances $21 billion 3. Drugs $17 billion? 4. Tourism $11.3 billion 27
Mexican Immigration to the U.S. at a standstill 2012 28
29
Elections of July 2012 PRI Enrique Peña Nieto PRD Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador Nueva Alianza Gabriel Quadri de Torre PAN Josefina Vasquez Mota 30
Controversies during the Campaign 2012 31
Elections of 2012 PRI Enrique Pena Nieto 39.1% PRD Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador 32.43% PAN Josefina Vasquez Mota 26.04% Accusations of Fraud Gift cards for votes 32
Presidential Elections 1998 Carlos Salinas de Gortari 50.48% 1994 Ernest Zedillo 48.69% 2000 PRI Candidate Francisco Labastida 36.11% 2006 PRI Candidate 2012 Roberto Madrazo 35.31% Enrique Pena Nieto 39.1% 33
Yo Soy 132 Student Movement Mexican Spring Protest movement against Pena Nieto. Students protesting an event by Pena Nieto Against Televisa & TV Azteca favorable coverage for the PRI http://www.youtube.com/w atch?v=ivvpa0zvo2g 34
Elections of 2012 Senate Chamber of Deputies 35
Gubernatorial Elections 36
Dec.1 2012 The return of the PRI to Los Pinos, presidency. 37
Enrique Peña Nieto 2013 Drug War policy "national gendarmerie Colombian advisors Reduction of violence instead of attacking the cartels Energy policy foreign investment? 38
39
40
Estela de Luz Tower 2011 Bicentennial Tower Mexico City Baktun 1 st Mayan language telenovela http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hpb3xpiyvq4 41
Mayan Calendar Dec. 21, 2012 42
Tijuana s club Xolos Champions 2012 43
Major News in 2013 coke tax & junk food tax 44
Mexico qualifies to the World Cup 2014 on Nov.19, 2013 45
El Chapo captured Feb. 22, 2014 46
2014 Discussion Questions Which historical events are compared to the disappearance of the 43 students? Who do the protestors in Mexico City blame? Why did this happen? Which political party governs Iguala? What are the article s main points? 47