Encontro Técnico-Profissional Academia da Força Aérea Granja do Marques, Sintra, Portugal 15 Outubro 2013 Civil RPAS: The European Approach Peter van Blyenburgh President - UVS International, The Netherlands Member - ICAO UAS Study Group Member - EC s European RPAS Steering Group Advisor - EUROCAE WG93 on Light RPAS On recommendation of ICAO, the terms Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) & Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) are used in this presentation [instead of Unmanned Aircraft (UA) & Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) & Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) & drone]. RPA & RPAS are invariant Singular = Plural. UVS International Page: 1/20
Presentation Outline 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 What are we NOT talking about? What we ARE talking about Aerial Operations Regulatory Responsibility EU National Aviation Authorities Current Regulatory Status RPAS Civil Operations Survey European RPAS Roadmap Community Actions Recommendations UVS International Page: 2/20
We are NOT Talking About Flying objects used for RECREATIONAL purposes Toys Model Aircraft (<20-25 kg & >20/25 & <150kg) Interactive Toy Concepts, China Vamp Flying Bat ProxFlyer Norway Bladerunner Very Large Model Aircraft (> 150 kg) Parrot, France - AR Drone 2 UVS International Page: 3/20
What we ARE talking about Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) The key word: Aircraft RPAS RPA & Payload Pilot Station Data Link (Launcher) RPA Types RPA OPA (Optionally Piloted A/C) CPA (Converted Piloted A/C Airframe Types Fixed Wing Rotary Wing Parafoil Wing Light-than-Air Multi Rotor Tilt Rotor/Wing Flapping Wing ++++ Take-off Mass 17 gr - 14.630 kg (incl. fuel) (currently operational RPA) Flight Control Manual Automatic Manual & Automatic VFR IFR Command & VLOS E-VLOS VLL BVLOS (alt. <500 ft) RLOS BRLOS Control alt. <500 ft alt. <500 ft BVLOS (alt. >500 ft) (Relay & Satellite) Affordable Flight Hour Cost = Viable Business Case Societal Benefits Job Creation UVS International Page: 4/20
CPA Fixed Wing RPA MTOM > 150 kg EADS Deutschland, Germany Talarion Sagem, France - Patroller SIRPA Thales, UK (U-TACS) Watchkeeper Selex ES, Italy - Sky X & Sky Y EADS DS, France & IAI-Malat, Israel Harfung Neuron Consortium, Europe neuron RUAG, Switzerland & IAI-Malat, Israel ADS-Ranger UVS International EuroHawk, Germany EuroHawk (Northrop Grumman & EADS Deutschland) Page: 5/20
Fixed Wing RPA MTOM > 150 kg General Atomics ASI, USA Predator General Atomics ASI, USA Reaper Boeing, USA Phantom Eye OPA Aurora Flight Sciences, USA Centaur Israel Aerospace Industries, Israel Heron TP OPA Boeing, USA Phantom Ray Northrop Grumman, USA FireBird Northrop Grumman, USA Global Hawk UVS International Page: 6/20
Rotary Wing RPA MTOM > 150 kg Saab, Sweden Skeldar LuxCopter, Luxembourg LuxCopter Schiebel, Austria Camcopter S-100 Northrop Grumman, USA Fire X Boeing, USA A160 Hummingbird EADS Cassidian, France Tanan KARI, South Korea SmartUAV Indra Sistemas, Spain Pelicano UVS International Page: 7/20
Rotary Wing RPA MTOM < 150 kg SurveyCopter, France Copter 4 Swiss UAV, Switzerland - Koax X240 Delft Dynamics, Netherlands RH2 Stern Flying-Cam, Belgium Sarah CybAero, Sweden - APID HighEye, Netherlands Chanachopper Yamaha Motor, Japan R-Max Infotron, France - IT 180 UVS International Page: 8/20
Various Airframe Types All but one < 25 kg AeroVironment, USA Raven Flying Robots, Switzerland Swan Gatewing, Belgium X100 Novadem (for COFICE), France - Helicofice Insitu, Inc, USA ScanEagle Skive Aviation, Switzerland ADS-12 SmartPlanes, Sweden SmartPlane UVS International Page: 9/20
Multi-Rotor RPA MTOM < 5 kg IAI-Malat, Israel - Ghost AeroVironment, USA Qube Draganfly, Canada Draganflyer X6 Microdrones, Germany MD4-200 AirRobot, Germany AR120 Aeryon, Canada - Scout Aermatica, Italy Anteos Mikrokopter, Germany - Oktocopter UVS International Page: 10/20
Astounding Technological Achievements Small IS Beautiful AAI Corp., USA Aerosonde (crossed the Atlantic on 5 kg of fuel) Clear Flight Solutions, Netherlands Robird (developed for scaring birds away from airports) AeroVironment, USA Hummingbird (proof-of-concept demonstrator) TU Delft, Netherlands Delfly (proof-of-concept demonstrator) ProxDynamics, Norway Black Hornet (17 gr. - In service with UK forces in Afghanistan) UAVFactory, Latvia Penguin B (54 hours flight endurance) UVS International Page: 11/20
AERIAL OPERATIONS u Indicates RPAS Operations Governmental Military u M U T U A L I Z A T I O N Non-Military State Flights Police u Security-related Customs u Border Guard u Coast Guard u Not State Flights Civil Protection Fire Fighters u Incl. Safety-related National Mapping Agencies u Non-Governmental Public European Union Flights on behalf of a public EU u agency (no national oversight) Commercial Air Transport (Transport of persons & freight) General Aviation Scheduled Air Service Non-scheduled Revenue Ops. Non-revenue Operations Corporate Operations Flight Training/Instruction Pleasure Aerial Work / Specialised Ops Aerial Advertising u Aerial Observation u Commercial & Aerial Patrol u Non-Commercial & Aerial Survey & Mapping u Corporate Agriculture u Corporate Operations u Fire Fighting u Logging / Forestry u Photography u Search & Rescue u Other u N O N M I L I T A R Y R P A S O P E R A T I O N S Initially Mainly VLOS & E-VLOS OPS UVS International Page: 12/20
EU Regulatory Responsibility Aircraft MTOM < 150 kg > 150 kg Initial Law National rules EASA (Policy 2009 Part 21) RPAS National rules EASA (not yet available ) Operator Certificate National rules EASA (not yet available) Remote Pilot Certificate National rules EASA (not yet available) Nat. Flight Authorisation National rules National rules Internat. Flight Author. t Amendment 43 t Amendment 43 t State Missions National rules National rules Public EC Missions National rules? EASA? t = Transporting an RPAS in a car from one EU country to another to operate it there, is an international flight Not Harmonised t = To Chicago Convention Annex 2 Applicable since 12 Nov 2012 (incl. Portugal) Basis for EASA s NPA 2013-10 UVS International Page: 13/20
National Aviation Authorities Civil RPAS-related Responsibilities NAAs of the 28 EU member states are responsible for the rulemaking, certification & operational approval of civil RPAS with a MTOM <150 kg, RPAS flight crews (pilots) and RPAS operators (persons, organizations or enterprises engaged in or offering to engage in an RPAS operation) in their country. Civil RPAS-related Regulations In place: In preparation: None: None: Adaption UK regulation Czech Rep.t, France t, Ireland t, Sweden t, Switzerland t, UK t Germany t (at Länder level not harmonized >5 kg - no reciprocity between Länder) Austria t, Belgium t, Denmark t, Italy t, Netherlands t, Norway t, Spain t (flight authorisations are granted on exception/experimental basis) Finland t, Latvia, Portugal, Slovenia (flight authorisations are granted on exception/experimental basis) Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyrpus, Estonia, Greece t, Hungary, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta t, Poland, Romania, Slovak Rep. None of these countries have harmonized their regulations. Adaption Swedish regulation NAAs of many of these countries are member of JARUS (see t) & working on harmonisation. National Qualified Entity In place: UK (2) UK method used: Netherlands Quantity of NAA Approved RPAS Operators - 657 CZ: 15 FR: 300 + IE: 12 NL: 10 (50 in the pipeline) SE: 120 + UK: 150 + DE: 50 (estimated) UVS International Page: 14/20
MA IC Regulation in Place (VLOS only) Regulation in Place & BVLOS Possible Regulation in Preparation and/or VLOS Operations Facilitated Regulation in preparation and VLOS & BVLOS Facilitated No Regulation Unknown 15 Oct. 2013 PT ES IE Current Civil Regulatory Status UK DZ FR BE LU NL CH TN NO DK GE IT SE CZ AT SI HR MT BA PL SK HU RU ME AL FI LT RS EE LV MK GR RO BY BG MD UA RU TU CY UVS International Outside of Europe Regulations in Place - Australia t (56 operators) - Canada t - Israel (only Mil airspace) t - Japan (+/- 14.000 pilots) Upcoming Regulations - Brazil t - S. Africa t - Turkey t - USA t No Regulations - Other African Countries - China - India JARUS Members t). SY GE AM KZ AZ IQ IR LB JO IL Page: 15/20
Survey on Civil RPAS Ops Objective: Identify current operator community & Understand aspects of current RPAS operations Operator Qualification Remote Pilot Qualification Pilot & Payload Operator Manual Maintenance Manual Mission Category Type Overflown Territory Flight Occurance (day/night/both) Deployment Time (set-up, operation, pack-up) Operational Flight Altitude Operational Parameters (speed, endurance, radius) Flight Approval Type of aircraft Propulsion Dimensions & Mass Payload Capacity Command & Control Frequencies Navigation Payloads Used Payload Downlink C2 Frequencies Used Insurance To contribute complete the survey form available online at www.uvs-info.com UVS International Page: 16/20
EC Hearing on L-RPAS Oct 09 Survey on L-RPAS Oct 09 EC High Level Conference Jul 10 Final Report Final Report Presentations European RPAS Roadmap EC UAS Panel Jun 11 Feb 12 4 Workshops Final Report Euro RPAS Steering Group Jul 12 Jun 13 Co-chaired by DG ENTR & DG MOVE DG Connect, DG Research, EASA, ECAC, EUROCONTROL, EDA, SESAR JU, JARUS, EUROCAE, ASD, ECA, EREA, UVS International Foster the development of civil RPAS operations by planning & coordinating all activities necessary to achieve the safe & incremental integration of non-military RPAS into the European air traffic system, aiming at initial RPAS integration by 2016. All related documents, presentations, reports & European RPAS Roadmap are available on www.uvs-info.com See «European Matters» tab European RPAS Roadmap Jun 13 1 Regulatory Approach 2 Strategic Research Plan 3 Societal Impact UVS International Defintion Phase Implementation Early 2014 2016 Initial RPAS Integration RPAS CivOps Survey Page: 17/20
Community Actions General ICAO UAS Study Group EASA & EASA s NPA 2012-10 EUROCONTROL SESAR Joint Undertaking UVS International International RPAS Coordination Council AU, BE, BR, CA, CZ, DE, DK, ES, FR, IT, JP, NL, NO, RU, UK Survey on Civil RPAS Operations SG01 - Responsibility, Liability, Insurance JARUS = 17 EU countries National Aviation Authorities EUROCAE WG73 on UAS SG02 - RPAS Flight Demonstrations SG03 - RPSys-related Knowledge Centre SG04 - RPAS Operators & Operations EUROCAE WG93 on L-RPAS RPAS-related Study Consortia SG05 - Gvmt Non-military RPAS Operators RPAS Operators Community ASD & ECA & ECAC & EDA General Stakeholder Advocacy EREA European RPAS Roadmap UVS International Member or Implicated Web site hosting Page: 18/20
Recommendations CAA PT Invited to Become a Member of See www.jarus-rpas.org JARUS Use Correct Terminology ICAO Terms & Definitions RPAS Civil Ops Categories RPAS Glossary See «Terminology & Classification» tab on www.uvs-info.com Participate In & Contribute To RPAS-Related Study Groups Call for Participation & Reply Forms See «Study Groups» tab on www.uvs-info.com Become a Member of UVS International See «About» tab on www.uvs-info.com Become a Member of Eurocae WG93 on Light RPAS See «Standards» tab on www.uvs-info.com Participate In & Contribute To RPAS Operations Survey See «European Matters» tab on www.uvs-info.com UVS International Page: 19/20
UVS International 86 rue Michel Ange 75016 Paris, France Tel.: 33-1-46.51.88.65 - Fax: 33-1-46.51.05.22 pvb@uvs-international.org - pvb@uvs-info.com www.uvs-international.org - www.uvs-info.com - www.uas-patents.org UVS Tech 2013 Moscow, Russian Fed. 22-25 Oct. 2013 www.uvs-tech.org RPAS Civil Operators Forum Brussels, Belgium 9-11 Dec. 2013 www.rpas-civilops.org RPAS 2014 Brussels, Belgium 23-26 June 2014 www.rpas-2014.org RPAS Latin America 2013 San José d. C., Brazil 29-31 Oct. 2013 www.rpas-latin-america.org ICAUV 2014 Bangalore, India 21 & 22 Feb. 2014 www.icauv-2014.org ICAO RPAS Symposium Montreal, Canada 17-19 Nov. 2014 www.icao.int RPAS Civil Operators Forum Brussels, Belgium 2-4 Dec. 2014 www.rpas-civilops.org UVS International Page: 20/20