NEW DATASETS: SOUTH AMERICA Dr. Ruben L. Boroschek University of Chile Honorary Professor Univ San Antonio Abad Cusco, Peru Rose School, Italy 2016 COSMOS Annual Meeting and Technical Session Program Moving Toward Site-Specific Ground-Motion Hazard
SEISMIC SOURCES rborosch@ing.uchile.cl Univ Chile FROM ARANGO ET AL 2011
SEISMICITY Mw > 7.0 USGS:~220 events rborosch@ing.uchile.cl Univ Chile
Looking at magnitude 8+ earthquakes in the last 100 years we found, according to the USGS, 92 events, of which 22 (24%) occurred in LAC (16 affected the Chile-Peru area) rborosch@ing.uchile.cl Univ Chile Foto: C. Chon
CHILE A HISTORY OF LARGE EQ Modified from Comte DATE MAGNITUDE APROX LOCATION 1570 Feb.8 8-8 1/2 Concepcion 1575 Dec. 16 8 1/2 Valdivia 1604 Nov.24 8 1/2 North de Arica 1647 May. 13 8 1/2 Valparaiso 1657 Mar. 15 8 Concepcion 1730 Jul. 8 8.8 Valparaiso 1737 Dec. 24 7 1/2-8 Valdivia 1751 May. 25 8 1/2 Concepcion 1796 Mar. 30 7 1/2-8 Copiapo 1819 Apr. 3-11 8.3 Copiapo (3 EQ} 1822 Nov. 19 8 1/2 Valparaiso 1835 Feb.20 8-8 1/2 Concepcion 1837 Nov.7 8 Valdivia 1868 Aug.13 8 1/2 Arica 1877 May.9 8 lquique 1880 Aug. 15 7 1/2-8 Illapel 1906 Aug.16 7.9 Valparaiso 1922 Nov.10 8.4 Vallenar 1928 Dec. 1 8.4 Talca 1939 Jan.24 8-8.3 Chillan 1943 Abr. 6 8.3 Illapel 1950 Dec. 9 8 Calama 1960 May. 22 9.5 Sur de Chile 1966 Dec. 28 8.1 Taltal 1985 Mar. 3 7.8 Zona Central 1995 Jul. 30 8 Antofagasta 2001 Jun.23 8.4 South Peru 2005 Jun.13 7.8 Tarapaca 2010 Feb.27 8.8 Center-South 2014 Apr. 1 8.2 Iquique 2015 Sep. 16 8.3 Canela Baja rborosch@ing.uchile.cl Univ Chile
The Subduction Zone between Nazca and South American plates is the largest of the world rborosch@ing.uchile.cl Univ Chile SEISMIC SOURCES Nuñez, Boroschek, Comte 2014 Long Duration High Frequencies Low Velocities
HIGH SEISMICITY rborosch@ing.uchile.cl Univ Chile ~70 Clearly perceptible events per year
HISTORY Strong Motion recording started in Latin- American countries in the 1930 s, with the installation in 1934 of a C&GS accelerograph in Balboa Heights Administration Building, Panama Due to reduce budged and small research community networks development in Latin- American countries had a slow start with relative few and sparsely located instruments CUREE
BY 1963 THERE WERE 72 ACCELEROGRAPH LOCATED IN THE AMERICAS, OF THOSE 7 (9.7%) WERE LOCATED IN LAC. BY 1974 THERE WERE 21 ACCELEROGRAPH IN CENTRAL AMERICA AND 81 IN SOUTH AMERICA Cloud and Perez 1969
2016-NUMBER OF STRONG MOTION INSTRUMENTS Map: Business Insider Country Approximate Number of Instruments (Public Data) Argentina 113 Chile 430 Colombia 111 Costa Rica 120 Ecuador 82 El Salvador 66 Guatemala 12 ** Mexico 400 Nicaragua 25 Panama 61 Peru 198 Venezuela 128 Source A. Giuliano R. Boroschek H. García V. Schmidt JC Singaucho Torres Climent et al 2007 L. Alcantara Ineter Web E. Camacho H. Tavera F. Lazares H. Rendon rborosch@ing.uchile.cl Univ Chile
META DATA QUALITY Event Data Station: Type. Free field, 1 story, multistory Soil, basic classification, Vs30, baserock Conditions after EQ Equipment, sensor, parameters Data processing
ARGENTINA Manager: INPRES First Instrument: 1970 Instruments: 113 Main Events: i. Mw=6.0, Mendoza 1985 ii. La Rioja 2002 Mw=6.0 iii. Catamarca 2004 Mw=6.4 iv. Salta 2010 Mw=6.3. rborosch@ing.uchile.cl Univ Chile Foto: Taringa
CHILE Manager: UNIV CHILE/DIC-CSN First Instrument: 1944 Instruments: 430 Main Events: i. 1985 Mw 7.8 ii. 2001 Mw 8.4 South of Peru iii. 2010 Mw 8.8 iv. 2014 Mw 8.2 v. 2015 Mw 8.3 rborosch@ing.uchile.cl Univ Chile
PERU Manager: IGP- CISMID First Instrument: 1944 Instruments: 198 Main Events: i. 1966, Ms=7.5 ii. 1974 Ms=7.6 iii. 2001 Mw=8.4 iv. 2007 Mw=8.0 Tavera et Tavera al IGP (2005) 2007
ECUADOR Manager: RENAC First Instrument: 1945 Instruments: 82 Main Events: i. 2016 Mw=7.8 Map: JC Singaucho
rborosch@ing.uchile.cl Univ Chile
rborosch@ing.uchile.cl Univ Chile
Maximum Amplitudes and Duration Arias Duration (sec) Bracket Duration (sec) Station Max A (g) Vmax [High P: 0.02] ACHN-ns 0.37 25.70 30.81 71.86 36.77 ACHN-ew 0.33 31.89 40.77 60.82 59.37 ACHN-ud 0.18 34.44 29.80 21.20 17.12 AES2-ns 0.11 77.90 57.62 21.73 12.06 AES2-ew 0.15 70.03 56.45 34.33 18.10 AES2-ud 0.04 87.46 0.00 10.47 6.53 AMNT-ns 0.52 16.25 22.71 39.59 36.57 AMNT-ew 0.40 17.40 30.32 56.41 31.26 AMNT-ud 0.17 21.43 15.42 24.13 25.33 APO1-ns 0.38 19.98 26.70 48.17 50.10 APO1-ew 0.32 20.74 22.65 40.62 30.15 APO1-ud 0.10 58.63 13.07 17.22 22.43 ASDO-ns 0.11 46.00 33.04 8.67 3.00 ASDO-ew 0.21 36.70 41.91 14.19 3.98 ASDO-ud 0.05 41.83 0.01 3.33 2.53 APED-ns 0.83 29.71 58.37 53.17 13.83 APED-ew 1.41 28.73 59.15 86.77 27.45 APED-ud 0.74 27.98 45.43 22.35 12.73 Dmax [High P: 0.02]
COLOMBIA Manager: RENAC First Instrument: 1945 Instruments: 111 Main Events: i.??? Solopaisas
VENEZUELA Manager: FUNVISIS First Instrument: 1967 Instruments: 128 Main Events: i. 2009 Mw 6.2 DICIPREP rborosch@ing.uchile.cl Univ Chile
PANAMA Manager: U Tec Panama-U de Panama and A Canal Panama First Instrument: 1934 Instruments: 61 Main Events: i. 2009 Mw 6.5 Tvn-2 NOTE: Mandatory instrumentation of buildings taller than 15 stories (top/basement) 100+ buildings Panama City rborosch@ing.uchile.cl Univ Chile
COSTA RICA Manager: LIS /ICE First Instrument: 1940 Instruments: 120+31 Main Events: i. 1990 Mw=6.0 Piedras Negras, ii. Limon 22 of April 1991 Mw=7.1 iii. Parrita 20 of November 2004, Mw 6.2, Chinchona 9 January 2009 Mw 6.2 iv. 5 September 2012 Mw 7.6 Samara. rborosch@ing.uchile.cl Univ Chile
NICARAGUA Manager: INITER First Instrument: 1966 Instruments: 25 Main Events: i. 1972 Mw=6.2 ii.? rborosch@ing.uchile.cl Univ Chile
EL SALVADOR Manager: MARN / UCA / Rio Lempa Hydro First Instrument: 1964 Instruments: 42+~10+~14 Main Events: i. 2001 Mw=7.7 VDC COSMOS
GUATEMALA/HONDURAS
MEXICO Partial Map Manager: IINGEN/SSN_IGEOF/CI RES/CICESE/ First Instrument: 1964 Instruments: ~400 Main Events: i. 1985 September, 19 (Mw=8.1) and 21 (Mw=7.6). ii. Manzanillo Colima 19951009 (M=8) iii. Puerto Escondido Oaxaca 19990930 (M=7.5) iv. Tehuacán Puebla 19990615(M=7) v. Mexicali Baja California 20100404 (M=7.2).
Despite this development no strong motion records on close proximity exist of the earthquakes in Chile 1960 Mw=9.5, Alaska 1964 Mw=9.2 and Sumatra Earthquake of 2004 Mw=9.1. The earthquake with Magnitude larger than 9.0, ever recorded by a strong motion instruments at areas of larges demands, was the 2011 Tohoku Mw=9.0, follow by the 2010 Chile earthquake Mw=8.8. rborosch@ing.uchile.cl Univ Chile www.boroschek.com