SOUTHWESTERN CHRISTIAN SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY STUDY GUIDE # 7 : ANCIENT EGYPT 3,000 BC 200 BC LEARNING OBJECTIVES STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY THE MAJOR GEOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF EGYPT AND THE SURROUNDING REGION STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO EXPLAIN THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF EGYPT S GEOGRAPHY TO ITS ANCIENT CULTURE STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY AND EXPLAIN THE CONTRIBUTIONS ANCIENT EGYPT S CULTURE MADE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF WESTERN CIVILIZATION STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO EXPLAIN THE SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ANCIENT EGYPT S CULTURE AND OTHER ANCIENT CULTURES GEOGRAPHY OF ANCIENT EGYPT THE FOUR MOST IMPORTANT GEOGRAPHIC FEATURES : NILE RIVER - DELTA CATARACTS - SHORT SUBJECT VIDEO > SAHARA DESERT THE SAHARA IS EQUAL IN SIZE TO THE AND SPREADS OVER DIFFERENT COUNTRIES ONLY PERCENT OF THE SAHARA DESERT IS SAND THE SAHARA IS THE BIGGEST EXPANSE OF LAND ON EARTH 1
WAS THE SAHARA A DESERT THOUSANDS OF YEAR AGO? 5. RAINFALL IN THE SAHARA AVERAGES INCHES PER YEAR 6. MORE PEOPLE DIE FROM IN DESERTS THAN DEHYDRATION 7. GROUND TEMPERATURES IN THE SAHARA REACH OVER DEGREES 8. PEOPLE CROSS THE DESERT USING THE SHIP OF THE DESERT WHICH IS THE > FACTS : HAS TWO CONNECTED BY SKIN THAT KEEPS IT FROM SINKING INTO THE SAND IT CAN CLOSE ITS ITS HUMP IS MADE OF THAT CAN BE CONVERTED TO IT CAN LIVE WITHOUT WATER UP TO TIMES LONGER THAN MAN 5. IT CAN DRINK GALLONS OF WATER IN TEN MINUTES THE THREE BENEFITS OF THE GEOGRAPHY : PAPYRUS - 2
TWO REGIONS PLAYED A BIG ROLE : SHORT SUBJECT VIDEO > THE NILE THE NILE RIVER FLOWS FOR THOUSAND MILES THROUGH EGYPT WHEN IT FLOODS, IT DEPOSITS FINE SOIL CALLED ANCIENT EGYPT IS MADE UP OF TWO REGIONS, THE UPPER IN THE, AND THE LOWER IN THE THE NILE HELPED MAKE EGYPT THE FIRST UNIFIED 5. THE INVENTION OF THE SHADU HELPED THE PEOPLE OF EGYPT BE ABLE TO THE LAND 6. WITH THE RIVER REED EGYPTIANS MADE THE FIRST 7. THE PYRAMIDS AT GIZA ARE THE STONE STRUCTURES EVER BUILT GOVERNMENTS OF ANCIENT EGYPT THE THREE ANCIENT KINGDOMS : THE OLD KINGDOM - 2700 B.C. > 4 CHARACTERISTICS : PHARAOHS - DYNASTIES - VIZIER - JOSEPH 3
PYRAMIDS - SHORT SUBJECT VIDEO > THE PYRAMIDS AT GIZA OF ALL THE CIVILIZATIONS THAT BUILT PYRAMIDS, THE EGYPTIANS WERE THE ONES THAT BUILT THEM WITH LINES THE EGYPTIANS POSITIONED THE PYRAMIDS SIDES PERFECTLY WITH THE FOUR CARDINAL DIRECTIONS ( NORTH, SOUTH, EAST, AND WEST ) SO THAT THE KING / PHARAOH COULD BE POSITIONED FACING THE FOR THE RISING THE TALLEST PYRAMID AT GIZA IS THE TALLEST ON EARTH BEING STORIES TALL KUFU S GREAT PYRAMID IS THE OF THE ANCIENT WONDERS OF THE WORLD STILL STANDING AND HAS BEEN THE MAN MADE STRUCTURE FOR OF HISTORY THE MIDDLE KINGDOM - 2050 B. C. > 4 CHARACTERISTICS : THE NEW KINGDOM - 1550 B. C. > 2 CHARACTERISTICS : MOSES 4
EGYPTIAN CULTURE RELIGION DOMINATES > FOUR IMPORTANT POINTS : MUMMIFICATION - SHORT SUBJECT VIDEO > ANCIENT EGYPTIAN RELIGION IN ANCIENT EGYPT, THE HEAD OF THE GOVERNMENT WAS CALLED THE EGYPTIANS BELIEVED THAT THE WAS THE CHILD OF THE GOD OF THE AS A LIVING GOD, THE WAS ALSO THE LEADER OF EGYPT THE SUN GOD WAS THE MAIN GOD OF EGYPT 5. THE ANCIENT EGYPTIANS WORSHIPED MANY DIFFERENT GODS AND GODDESSES AND EACH ONE HAD ITS OWN SPECIAL SUPERNATURAL POWERS : HORUS THE FALCON WAS THE GOD OF ISIS WAS THE GOD OF OSIRIS WAS THE GOD OF AND HATHOR WAS THE GOD OF 6. AT ONE TIME NEARLY OF THE LAND IN EGYPT BELONGED TO THE TEMPLES 7. TEMPLES WERE BELIEVED TO BE SACRED PALACES WHERE A GOD S LIVED 5
SHORT SUBJECT VIDEO > TOMBS AND MUMMIES PYRAMIDS ARE ROYAL PYRAMIDS WERE GUARDED BY STATUES LIKE THE WERE ALSO PLACED NEAR ROYAL TOMBS ANCIENT EGYPTIANS BELIEVED THAT A PERSON S KA, OR COULD SURVIVE INSIDE THE TOMB BY PRESERVING THE BODY AS A 5. STEPS IN THE MUMMIFICATION PROCESS : WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ORGANS WERE REMOVED FROM THE BODY? CHECK ALL THAT WERE REMOVED : HEART BRAIN LIVER LUNGS INTESTINES STOMACH SKIN THE REMOVED ORGANS WERE COVERED WITH TO DRY OUT AFTER 1 ½ TO 2 MONTHS OF DRYING, THE BODY CAVITY IS FILLED WITH FRESH AND THE BODY IS THEN RUBBED WITH CEDAR AND THE ORGANS ARE PLACED IN 5. THE BODY WAS THEN WRAPPED IN AND PLACED IN A, AND THEN BROUGHT TO THE TOMB 6. AT THE TOMB, PRIESTS PERFORMED A CEREMONY FOR 2 PURPOSES : TO BRING THE BACK BRING THE ON THE WALLS OF THE TOMBS TO LIFE 7. IT WAS BELIEVED THAT THE PERSON S SPIRIT WAS BROUGHT TO THE HALL OF WHERE, USING THE SCALES OF 6
THE PERSON S FATE WOULD BE DETERMINED 8. IF THE PERSON S HEART WEIGHED MORE THAN THE FEATHER OF MA AT, THE GOD OSIRIS WOULD TURN THE PERSON INTO A THE FIRST VISIBLE CLASS SYSTEM : WHAT WAS UNIQUE ABOUT EGYPTIAN ANCIENT CULTURE FROM A SOCIAL STATUS STANDPOINT? ADVANCED SCIENCE, ARTS, AND LITERATURE : HIEROGLYPHICS - DEMOTIC WRITING - ROSETTA STONE - 5. 6. SHORT SUBJECT VIDEO > ARCHITECTURE - HOW THE PYRAMIDS WERE BUILT WHAT DID THE EGYPTIANS RELY ON TO BUILD THE GREAT PYRAMIDS? IT IS ESTIMATED THAT MILLION TONS OF STONE WERE USED TO BUILD THE GREAT PYRAMIDS IT IS ESTIMATED THAT IT TOOK ABOUT MEN WORKING IN THE QUARRY ALL THE TIME TO CUT THE STONE USED FOR CHISELS / WEDGES, WAS THE HARDEST METAL KNOWN TO THE EGYPTIANS 7
5. EACH OF THE STONES USED TO BUILD THE PYRAMIDS WEIGHED AN AVERAGE OF TONS, AND TO MOVE THEM TO THE PYRAMID SITE THEY USED ON THE GROUND TO SLIDE THEM 6. AN WAS USED TO GET THE STONES UP THE SIDES OF THE PYRAMID 7. AN ALLOWS A FORCE TO BE APPLIED OVER A DISTANCE 8. THE TOP HALF OF THE PYRAMID COULD NOT BE REACHED WITH ONE INCLINED PLANE, SO THE EGYPTIANS CREATED A RAMP BASED ON THE INCLINED PLANE 7. SHORT SUBJECT VIDEO > PAPER, WRITING, AND MATH TEMPLES WERE BOTH PLACES OF WORSHIP AND THE EGYPTIAN CIVILIZATION WAS SUCCESSFUL BECAUSE IT PRODUCED PEOPLE EGYPTIANS MADE PAPER FROM ANCIENT EGYPTIAN WRITING IS CALLED WHICH HAD SYMBOLS TO REPRESENT CERTAIN SOUNDS AND AN ALPHABET OF LETTERS 5. THE EGYPTIAN S USE OF NUMBER ALLOWED THEM TO DEVELOP CERTAIN KINDS OF TO BE USED IN BUILDING THE PYRAMIDS 8. SARCOPHAGUS - 8
CHAPTER READING > ARCHAEOLOGY - PAGE # 21, AND GOD S JUDGMENT OF EGYPT - PAGE # 28 ARCHAEOLOGY : WHAT IS IT NECESSARY FOR ARCHAEOLOGIST TO DO? WHAT INTERESTING RESULT HAS COME FROM ARCHAEOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES ABOUT ANCIENT PEOPLE? GOD S JUDGMENT OF EGYPT : WHO WAS MOSES? WHAT DID GOD DO TO TRY AND CONVINCE THE PHARAOH TO LET THE ISRAELITES GO? WHAT WAS THE LAST THING THAT GOD DID TO ALLOW THE ISRAELITES TO ESCAPE THE EGYPTIANS? 9