Civil Aviation Administration of China Flight Standards Oversight System JIANG RUI Assistant Director of Transportation Division Flight Standards Department CAAC
BACK GROUND Challenge from the Development of Chinese civil aviation industry Airlines 55 air operators by the end of June, 2011 Increasing year by year Airplanes owned by airlines 1825 transport airplanes by the end of 20112500. Other relevant data Total air transport turnover reached 57.74bn ton-km in 2011. 2014-74.2 亿吨公里 /20151/2 月 64.5 The average annual growth of air transport turnover of China was 15.6% during the 11 th five-year plan. China has become the world's second largest aviation market.
Main Contributions for the challenge Potential Challenge : Inspection resources (work load)can t catch up with the development of the aviation industry. Quantity increasing Traffic increase:increasing of airlines, fleet, total operating time, etc. Routine work is becoming more and more complicated Airlines organizational structure(merges, alliance, foreign employees, etc.), route structures, More category operations of airline (complexity of inspection task) New technologies in use (EFB/RNP/ADSB/HUD/EFVS/SVS); Workload brought by the amendments and revisions from regulations, such as ICAO English Language Proficiency requirements, SMS implementation, new ETOPS policies, Advanced Qualification Program (AQP), Flight Operational Quality Assurance (FOQA), Fatigue Risk Management (FRM), etc. Infrared fictitious view
WHAT IS FSOP FSOP 是什么 WHY FSOP 为什么建立 FSOP CAAC working platform 局方工作平台 SMS IMPLEMENTATION TOOL SMS 实施工具
What is FSOP----a house with a complete structure Performance Analysis FSOP Decision Certification Oversight System Aircraft Certification Operation Specs Pilots Certificate Medical Certificate Service Maintenance Management SDR Dispatcher License Inspectors E-Regulations Basic Info Civil Aviation E-government work Application Support Platform Tech Support CCAR121 CCAR135 CCAR67 CCAR65 CCAR91 CCAR61 CCAR145 Regulations
SOLUTION: REFORM and INNOVATION Efficiency Improvement FSOP IS IT(Internetwork) TOOLS for Inspectors Routine Job, New Oversight Concept for CAA (FSOP 是基于网络的工作平台, 使用全新的监管理念为监察员日常工作服务,)
GETTING GRIPS WITH SAFETY 把握安全 SAFETY recruit tool RESOURSE Weight 砝码 basic law Balance the efficiency and quality of oversight! Pivot 支点 (change the moment Balance the development and safety of industry! by improving efficiency smarter ) 通过提高效率来改变力矩
System Building Certification & Oversight System mainly for certification and routine oversight of large air carrier Scientific tools change the oversight pattern See what couldn t be seen before; Know what couldn t be known before; Info sharing Analysis and decision-making Business Collaboration Oversight and Control
Info sharing & Collaboration Management of operation 1 Other business Continu ous Safety 5 2 Collaboration Decision Making 4 3 Analysis &Assessment TEAM WORK and RELATION COORDINATION, PROBLEMSHOOTING by COMMUNICATION The blind men feel an elephant -- to take a part for the whole. Complementary by FSOP( break the geographical/time limitation)
System Building Work Style Reform Oversight Plan posted online Oversight worksheet posted online Specific oversight task designation Oversight record posted online plan in entirety Flight Standards Oversight System Input the Airline safety performance Input the CAAC oversight performance fringe benefit
系统建设 System Building Decision Based on Data, Risk Prevention FindingStatistics Rate of the oftop the Four Findings Air Carriers 中国南方航空股份有限公司 中国东方航空股份有限公司 Control Policy 海南航空股份有限公司 Human resource Tools Others Process measure Expected result Interface Technical material 中国国际航空股份有限公司 检查次数 17387 13817 5704 10049 发现问题次数 206 145 47 80 比例 1.18% 1.05% 0.82% 0.80%
Oversight with Concept of SMS
FLIGHT STANDARD OVERSIGHT PROGRAMME (FSOP) FSOP implementation with the SMS safety assurance pillar FSOP support the following CAAC tasks: Certification Surveillance Resolution of safety issues
http://sas.faa.gov Create Model Create Model Edit Model Edit Model Save Model Save Model Create Profile Create Profile Save Profile Save Profile More More Certificate & Op Specs Applicable Regulations Airworthiness Directives Advisory Circulars Handbook References CONFIGURATION Manage Repair Station Operations Manage Maintenance Sec. 145.155 Subpart D--Personnel Sec. 145.155 Perform Quality Audits Perform Inspection Inspection personnel requirements. FLY-BY-NIGHT AVIATION REPAIR INC 3701 AVIATION ROAD East Jibippy, NE 68524 (123) 456-7890 Perform Maintenance Perform Repair Part 145 REPAIR STATIONS Train & Develop Personnel Perform Test & Evaluation [(a) A certificated repair station must ensure that persons performing inspectionsunder the repair station certificate and operations specifications are-- (1) Thoroughly familiar with the applicable regulations in this chapter and with the inspection methods, techniques, practices, aids, equipment, and tools used to determine the airworthiness of the article on which maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations are being performed; and (2) Proficient in using the various types of inspection equipment and visual inspection aids appropriate for the article being inspected; and (b) A certificated repair station must ensure its inspectors understand, read, and write English.] PLANNING RESOURCE MANAGEMENT DATA COLLECTION Class: Small (1-9 Employees) Class: Small (1-9 Employees) Provide Repair Station Resources Provide Maintenance Resources ANALYSIS ASSESS, ACTION Manage Safety Underlying Concepts Safety Oversight CFR Parts Certificate Holder Operating Systems (Fly, Fix, Train) National Organizational DA S R M FAA SRM(Σ) PA SA S SMS A FAA SA(Σ) Certificate Holder Operations FAA Industry Public Users SMS Safety Management CFR Parts SMS Aviation Industry FAA CFR Parts Individual FAA SA Airmen Education & Awareness of Risk (GA) FAA Safety Promotion SMS By Level SMS Pillars Risk Management System Model Safety Assurance Model Risk Management Certificate Holder Safety Management System Select Function Select Certificate Select Certificate Edit Profile Edit Profile Prepare Reports Prepare Reports Data Collection Resource Management Click Box to Select System/Subsystem System Level Subsystem Level System Model Analysis Assessment Action Design Assessment Configuration Analysis Assessment Action Performance Assessment Data Collection Resource Management Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5 SMS Capability/Maturity Planning Planning Safety Assurance Model
SMS FSOP Certificate Holder SMS Enhance shrink Enhance Certificate Holder Operational Systems (Fly, maintenance, Training) CCAR Parts The integration of resources
Improving the efficiency of safety oversight by SMS Relief the work load of CAA With FSOP, the resource allocation of inspection can be optimized and thus the efficiency of oversight can be improved They wouldn t make the same mistakes before since they could get enough Information and share experience at anytime/anywhere by internet.
IMPLEMENTATION of SMS CONCEPT System / Subsystem passivity/ HINDSIGHT Aircraft Configuration Manuals Flight Operations Personnel Training and Qualifications Route Structures Flight, Rest and Duty Time Administration Aircraft Manual Management Programs and Procedures Maintenance Personnel Approved Routes and Areas Airman and Crewmember Limitations Key Personnel Records and Reporting Systems Dispatch and Release Training Program Maintenance Personnel Other Programs Maintenance Organization Crewmember and Dispatch Qualifications Mechanics and Maintenance Personnel Qualifications CASE90%X90%X90%X90%X90%=59% product
closed-loop management 4 PHASES, 8 STEPS For Safety Assurance SMS FOR AUTHORITY
SOUL OF SMS System Configuration. Regulations and policy define the acceptable level of safety. System description begins with the Air Carrier Oversight Profile. Identify areas where conditions in the system or operating environment may be creating hazards. Plan, report, and review data collection in those areas. Analysis and Assessment Analyze data to identify hazards Analysis and Assessment Take action to control the effects of the hazard and/or mitigate unacceptable levels of risk.
A clearly identifiable, qualified, and knowledgeable person who has the authority to set up and change a process. SOUL OF SMS Procedures Ways Checks toand complete restraints a procedure designed and intomake a process it a document. to ensure a desired result. Authority Responsibility System Safety Attributes Controls Process Measures Used to validate a process and identify problems or potential problems in order to correct them. Interfaces A clearly identifiable, qualified, and knowledgeable person who is accountable for the quality of a process. Interactions between processes that must be managed in order to ensure desired outcomes.
Risk Management Risk Management SMS should identify any hazard in the air carrier s operating environment or systems, focuses on Systemic hazards rather than isolated incidents, significant changes in the operating environment and any other peculiar elements, and initiate RMP when it is necessary. These cases may not constitute regulatory noncompliance, but may be attributed to the design of safety attributes or deficiency of performance (missing attributes, patterns of repeated noncompliance with procedures, etc.). ASK WHY?
System Building Evaluating system safety from both inside and outside Breakthrough Point: An item is added to every checklist to evaluate the safety of airlines system Objective: Task: Items to be checked 1.1 1.1.1 2.2 Checklist 2.2.1: Yes No Yes No Checklist Part I:Procedures Part II:Control Part III:Process Measurement Part IV:Interface Law Compliance Controllability Continued improvement Correlation Link Surface Layer Mechanism 6 elements combined
Protection SMS (Safety Management System) and CAA OP ( Oversight Programs) FSOP (Flight Standards Oversight Programs) procedures Authority Responsibility Controls Process Measures Airline Operations Interface SMS (Safety Management System) CAAC SMS
大数据时代的飞行标准监督管理 Big Data: Flight Standards Oversight
FINDINGS of the TOP10 FOREIGN OPERATORS YEAR 2014 Operators Eastar Jet Co. Ltd/ 韩国易斯达航空 Hawaiian Airlines,Inc./ 夏威夷航空公司 Jin Air Co. Ltd./ 韩国真航空股份有限公司 FINDINGS Rate of findings Quantity of inspections 35 6.93% 505 13 30.95% 42 10 7.30% 137 Air Busan/ 釜山航空股份有限公司 8 2.35% 341 EASA SAFA FAA IASDEX ICAO JUST CULTURE Dynamic Airways/Dynamic Airways 8 9.52% 84 Turkish Airlines Inc/ 土耳其航空公司 Korean Airlines Co., Ltd./ 大韩航空 Asiana Airlines Inc./ 韩亚航空公司 Jeju Air,Co., Ltd/ 韩国济州航空 7 3.06% 229 7 0.66% 1067 6 0.80% 746 5 6.85% 73 Aeromexico/ 墨西哥航空公司 5 4.59% 109
700 600 2014 年 **FSOP data statistic of findings 3.00% 2.50% 500 2.00% 400 300 1.50% 200 1.00% 100 0.50% 0 华东局 中南局 西南局 华北局 新疆局 东北局 西北局 2014 年发现问题数量 663 602 450 305 236 219 163 2013 年发现问题数量 406 344 333 162 11 108 223 2014 年发现问题率 1.15% 0.74% 1.25% 0.96% 2.46% 0.90% 1.44% 2013 年发现问题率 0.80% 0.80% 1.00% 0.55% 1.33% 0.68% 2.14% 0.00%
The Essence of SMS is cooperation All industry involved, That s including: Operators(CCAR121+CCAR135)+Training Centers(CCAR142)+ maintenance organizations(ccar145)+ (FLIGHT STANDARDS) Manufacturers + Airports+ ATC+ Planning Dpt.+ Finance Dpt.+Authourity ICAO/COSCAP? STAKEHOLDER
Future Prospect Flight Standards Oversight System (Secondary Phase ) 大型商业承运人监管 通用航空运营人监管 小型运营人监管 外航监管 运行规范 Inspectors Certificate Manageme nt Pilots Certificate Manageme nt Aircraft Dispatcher Manageme nt 维修人员资质管理 委任代表与委任单位代表 机场航务管理 飞行签派员训练机构 驾驶员学校监管 飞行训练中心监管 维修单位监管 体检合格证管理 电子规章 飞行模拟训练设备管理 航空器评审 Service Difficulty Report Manageme nt 基础信息
Future Prospect Small and GA air operator oversight system Oversight plan posted online Oversight worksheet posted online Specific oversight task designation Small air operator Large air operator oversight Oversight record posted online entry into the system of Oversight Performance GA operator Expanding the applicability of oversight system from large air operator to small air operator and GA operator. Further standardizing and strengthening certification (administrative permit issuance) to establish a user-friendly and standard online certification platform
Future Prospect New oversight tools Remove time and space barrier Know the world by touching a screen Develop a full-service electronic oversight package Portable Take持续监督 photographic evidence Location tracking
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What is FSOP----a house with a complete structure Performance Analysis FSOP Decision 审定监察系统 FSOP is a system focusing on transport airlines certification and continuous surveillance, supporting pilot certificate, maintenance management, e- regulation and medical certificate management, Pilots and Certificate Aircraft Certification integrating 12 sub-systems. Electronic Regulations Operation Specs Inspectors Basic Info Maintenance Management E-Regulation CCAR91 Inspector Info Certification Oversight System Operation Specs SDR Maintenance Management License Basic Info 航空器评审 Pilots Certificate Dispatcher License User difficulty Report Medical Certificate CCAR121 CCAR135 CCAR67 CCAR65 Certification Performance Analysis CCAR61Oversight System CCAR145 System Service Civil Aviation E-government work Application Support Platform Medical Certificate Dispatcher Tech Support Performance Analysis System Regulations