South America pg. 520 (5 th) pg. 523 (6 th )
Venezuela Rich in Oil Lake Maracaibo Called Little Venice pg. 572 (5 th) pg. 574 (6 th )
Caracas 8 miles Inland 3000 pg. 572 (5 th) pg. 574 (6 th )
Caracas
Guiana Highlands Flat Topped Mtns Tepuis pg. 525 (5 th) pg. 528 (6 th )
Tepuis of the Guiana Highlands
Tepuis Islands in the Sky Unique Species
Tall Waterfalls Angel Falls 3200
pg. 572 (5 th) pg. 574 (6 th )
Guianas Guyana British Suriname Dutch French Guiana pg. 572 (5 th) pg. 574 (6 th ) pg. 532 (5 th) pg. 533 (6 th )
Colombia Andes Mtns Bogotá Capital 8000 Always cool temp. pg. 525 (5 th) pg. 528 (6 th )
Bogotá Main Product? Flowers for
Colombia Medellin 5000 Top Legal Crop Other Crops? Marijuana Coca pg. 575 (5 th) pg. 576 (6 th )
Colombia Tropical Rainforests Pacific Coast Southeast Amazon Rainforest pg. 526 (5 th) pg. 529 (6 th )
Ecuador 4 Regions 1. Coastal Lowland 2. Andes 3. Eastern Lowland 4. Galapagos Islands pg. 525 (5 th) pg. 528 (6 th )
Ecuador Coastal Lowland Guayaquil Main Crop? pg. 577 (5 th) pg. 578 (6 th )
Bananas
Andes Volcanoes Quito, capital 9000
Quito Mitad Del Mundo pg. 577 (5 th) pg. 578 (6 th )
Andes Mainly Indigenous Pop.
Ecuador Eastern Lowland Amazon Rainforest Oil pg. 526 (5 th) pg. 529 (6 th )
Galapagos Islands Dry, Volcanic
Unique Animals Galapagos = Tortoises Charles Darwin, 1830s Origin of Species
Penguins Blue-Footed Booby
Marine Iguana
Peru 3 Regions 1. Dry Coastal Lowland 2. Andes 3. Eastern Rainforest pg. 525 (5 th) pg. 528 (6 th )
pg. 577 (5 th) pg. 578 (6 th ) Coastal Lowland Cool, Foggy Desert Due to Peru Ocean Current Cold Water from Ocean Cools the Air Fog, but no clouds Lima ½ Rain/Yr
Lima
Peru Ocean Current Commercial Fishing - Xlnt Anchovies Livestock Feed Sea Birds Guano» Fertilizer
pg. 577 (5 th) pg. 578 (6 th ) Peru Current El Niño Every 4-6 yrs Warm Water from Effects: Climate Fishing
Andes of Peru Inca Empire (1200-1535) pg. 530 (5 th) pg. 533 (6 th )
Andes of Peru Inca Capital = Cusco Near Cusco pg. 577 (5 th) pg. 578 (6 th )
Machu Picchu Abandoned, Unconquered Inca City Tourism now
Machu Picchu
Inca Agriculture Potatoes Livestock? Llamas & Alpacas
Indigenous Pop. Quechua Language
LAKE TITICACA On Border of Peru/Bolivia 12,500 pg. 577 (5 th) pg. 578 (6 th )
Lake Titicaca
Peru s Eastern Lowland Amazon Rainforest Oil pg. 526 (5 th) pg. 529 (6 th )
Eastern Peru Iquitos On Amazon River Largest city
Bolivia 55% Indigenous Highest % in Lat. Am.
Bolivia
Bolivia pg. 525 (5 th) pg. 528 (6 th ) Andes in the West
La Paz 12,000 Highest Capital City 45-55F in daytime pg. 577 (5 th) pg. 578 (6 th )
Coca Leaves Chewed Stimulant Coca Cocaine
Brazil Language
Brazilians 40% African ancestry
Brazilians Mostly European
Brazilians 0.2% Indigenous Mostly in Amazon
Northeast Brazil 1 st European Settlers Salvador Colonial Capital Focus of Slave Trade pg. 581 (5 th) pg. 582 (6 th )
Salvador
Brazil s Coast Tropical Rainforest 95% Cut Down For Sugar Cane Plantations Ethanol pg. 525 (5 th) pg. 529 (6 th )
Rio de Janeiro Brazil s #2 City 2014 2016 Carnival pg. 581 (5 th) pg. 582 (6 th )
Carnival Festival in (Mardi Gras)
Rio De Janeiro One of the World s Most Beautiful Cities
Brazilian Highlands São Paulo Brasilia Iguaçu Falls pg. 525 (5 th) pg. 528 (6 th )
São Paulo pg. 581 (5 th) pg. 582 (6 th ) 2500 Largest City Economic Center Agriculture Coffee Japanese
Brasilia Capital Since 1960
Iguaçu Falls Border of Bra/Arg
Iguaçu Falls
Amazon Rainforest Wild Rubber, 1800s Manaus 15-20% Deforested Cattle Ranching
ARGENTINA High Standard of Living 85% White Many Italian immigrants
ARGENTINA Pampa Region Flat, Grassland Also Uru & So. Bra. Xlnt Soil & Ag. Buenos Aires in center pg. 589 (5 th) pg. 590 (6 th )
Pampa Major Food Exports Wheat, Beef Cowboy Gaucho
Andes Along Arg/Chi border X Tall Aconcagua 22,800 pg. 589 (5 th) pg. 590 (6 th )
Aconcagua Highest Mtn
Patagonia pg. 589 (5 th) pg. 590 (6 th ) So. Arg. Cold Desert Leeward Side pg. 19 (5 th) pg. 24 (6 th )
Patagonian Andes
Tierra del Fuego Divided Chile/Arg Access to pg. 589 (5 th) pg. 590 (6 th )
ANTARCTICA
ANTARCTIC PENGUINS
Chile Latitudes like Baja CA Alaska Desert in North Mediterranean Env. In Middle Forests in South Glaciers in Southern Mtns. pg. 526 (5 th) pg. 529 (6 th )
Northern Chile Atacama Desert Cool, Foggy Rain Mining Copper Top Producer in World Accident/Rescue in 2010 pg. 589 (5 th) pg. 590 (6 th )
Middle Chile Mediterranean Climate Santiago 34 o S Latitude (LA = 34 o N) Inland Mtns (Andes) Warm, dry summer (Dec-Mar) pg. 589 (5 th) pg. 590 (6 th )
Middle Chile Xlnt Farming Like Calif. Fruits/Veg Grapes Exported to USA in
Southern Chile South of Puerto Montt Fjorded Coastline Like Norway pg. 589 (5 th) pg. 590 (6 th )
So. Chile Cool & Rainy Forests
Punta Arenas On Strait of Magellan Separates S. Am. and Tierra del Fuego pg. 589 (5 th) pg. 590 (6 th )
Strait of Magellan Punta Arenas
Punta Arenas Tourism to
Torres del Paine Nat l Park Magnificent Nature*** Jagged Mtns.
Torres del Paine Wildlife Andean Condor
Torres del Paine Wildlife Rhea bird
Guanacos
Torres del Paine Waterfalls
Torres del Paine N.P. Glaciers