Seasonal correlation of indoor radon concentration in towns of Northern Greece Stelios Xanthos 1, Fokion Vosniakos 1. Department of Automation Engineering, Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki. President of Environmental Committee of Alexander Technological Institute of Thessaloniki and President of Balkan Environmental Association (BENA)
E-perm (Long term measurements) Radon Measurements
Radon Measurements
Radon Measurements in Thessaloniki Radon concentration for winter period (Dec14-March 15) in Thessaloniki (Bq/m 3 ) Radon concentration for summer period (June 15-August 15) in Thessaloniki (Bq/m 3 ) No of Measurements 21 Geometric mean (Bq/m 3 ): 142 Arithmetic Mean (Bq/m 3 ): 150±47 Max (Bq/m 3 ): 258 Min (Bq/m 3 ): 91 Radon concentration for autumn period (Oct. 15-Dec. 15) in Thessaloniki (Bq/m 3 ) No of Measurements 17 Geometric mean (Bq/m 3 ): 97 Arithmetic Mean (Bq/m 3 ): 111±70 Max (Bq/m 3 ): 280 Min (Bq/m 3 ): 48 No of Measurements 15 Geometric mean (Bq/m 3 ): 85 Arithmetic Mean (Bq/m 3 ): 89±28 Max (Bq/m 3 ): 161 Min (Bq/m 3 ): 52 Radon concentration for winter period (Jan. 16-Feb. 16) in Thessaloniki (Bq/m 3 ) No of Measurements 17 Geometric mean (Bq/m 3 ): 78 Arithmetic Mean (Bq/m 3 ): 81±21 Max (Bq/m 3 ): 121 Min (Bq/m 3 ): 41
Frequency distribution (%) 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Radon Measurements in Thessaloniki 0-40 40-80 80-120 120-160 160-200 200-240 240-280 280-320 Radon Concentration winter and summer period 2015 (Bq/m 3 )
Radon Concentration (Bq/m 3 ) 300 250 Radon Measurements in Thessaloniki Seasonal correlation June-Aug. 15 Oct.-Dec. 15 Jan.-Feb. 16 200 150 100 50 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Serial Number of Measurement
Radon Concentration (Bq/m 3 ) 250 200 150 Radon Measurements in 2 storey-house Thessaloniki Basement Ground Floor 1st Floor average 100 50 0 Jan. 15 Mar-Apr 15 Oct. 15 Nov. 15 Dec. 15 Jan-Feb 16 Date of Measurement
Radon Measurements in Serres Radon concentration for summer period (June 15-July 15) in Serres (Bq/m 3 ) Radon concentration for winter period (Dec14-March 15) in Serres (Bq/m 3 ) No of Measurements 14 Geometric mean (Bq/m 3 ): 75 Arithmetic Mean (Bq/m 3 ): 88±44 Max (Bq/m 3 ): 165 Min (Bq/m 3 ): 21 No of Measurements 22 Geometric mean (Bq/m 3 ): 81 Arithmetic Mean (Bq/m 3 ): 97±55 Max (Bq/m 3 ): 231 Min (Bq/m 3 ): 21
Frequency distribution (%) 40 Radon Measurements in Serres 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0-40 40-80 80-120 120-160 160-200 200-240 240-280 Radon Concentration in winter period 2015 (Bq/m 3 )
Radon Concentration (Bq/m 3 ) 250 200 Radon Measurements in Serres Seasonal correlation summer June-July 15 winter Feb-March 15 150 100 50 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Serial Number of Measurement
Radon Measurements in Drama Radon concentration for summer period (July-August 2014) in Drama (Bq/m 3 ) Radon concentration for winter period (Nov-Dec 2014) in Drama (Bq/m 3 ) No of Measurements 14 Geometric mean (Bq/m 3 ): 140 Arithmetic Mean (Bq/m 3 ): 152±48 Max (Bq/m 3 ): 333 Min (Bq/m 3 ): 68 No of Measurements 13 Geometric mean (Bq/m 3 ): 157 Arithmetic Mean (Bq/m 3 ): 169±59 Max (Bq/m 3 ): 263 Min (Bq/m 3 ): 58
Frequency distribution (%) 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Radon Measurements in Drama 50-100 100-150 150-200 200-250 250-300 300-350 Radon Concentration in summer period 2015 (Bq/m 3 )
Radon Concentration (Bq/m 3 ) 350 300 250 Radon Measurements in Drama Seasonal correlation summer July-Aug 14 winter Nov-Dec 14 200 150 100 50 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Serial Number of Measurement
Radon Measurements in Arnea (Chalkidiki) Radon concentration for summer period (July 15-August 15) in Arnea (Bq/m 3 ) No of Measurements 6 Radon concentration for autumn period (Sept. 15-Nov. 15) in Arnea (Bq/m 3 ) Geometric mean (Bq/m 3 ): 105 Arithmetic Mean (Bq/m 3 ): 117±74 Max (Bq/m 3 ): 267 Min (Bq/m 3 ): 75 Radon concentration for winter period (Jan 16-Feb. 16) in Arnea (Bq/m 3 ) No of Measurements 9 Geometric mean (Bq/m 3 ): 172 Arithmetic Mean (Bq/m 3 ): 184±77 Max (Bq/m 3 ): 338 Min (Bq/m 3 ): 117 No of Measurements 10 Geometric mean (Bq/m 3 ): 167 Arithmetic Mean (Bq/m 3 ): 176±67 Max (Bq/m 3 ): 341 Min (Bq/m 3 ): 107
Frequency distribution (%) Radon Measurements in Arnea (Chalkidiki) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0-60 60-120 120-180 180-240 240-300 300-360 360-420 420-480 Radon Concentration winter period 2016 (Bq/m 3 )
Radon Concentration (Bq/m 3 ) Radon Measurements in Arnea (Chalkidiki) 400 350 300 July-Aug. 15 Sept.-Nov. 15 Jan.-Feb. 16 250 200 150 100 50 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Serial Number of Measurement
Conclusions Radon measuring technique used EIC (Electret Ion Chambers) Measurements in Thessaloniki (>30 dwellings) : arithmetic mean : 150±47 for winter period 2015, 89±28 for summer period 2015, 111±70 for autumn period 2015, 81±21 for winter period 2016 Measurements in Serres (>20 dwellings) : arithmetic mean: 97±55 for winter period 2015, 88±44 for summer period 2015 Measurements in Drama (14 dwellings) : arithmetic mean 169±59 for winter period 2014, 152±68 for summer period 2014 Measurements in Arnea (Chalkidiki) (12 dwellings) : arithmetic mean: 117±74 for summer period 2015, 184±77 for autumn period 2015, 176±67 for winter period 2016
Conclusions Max values > 200 Βq/m 3, but only two houses above 300 Βq/m 3, COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 2013/59/EURATOM Article 74 The reference levels for the annual average activity concentration in air shall not be higher than 300 Bq m 3 Correlation of results is being observed depending on seasonal variations of radon. In winter period, radon concentrations are higher than in summer one House ventilation conditions play significant role in radon concentration
Acknowledgment (Financial support) Chemical and Radiological Risk in the Indoor Environment (CHeRRIE) SUBSIDY CONTRACT No. B3.13.03