Ramp Inspection Manual Rev 0, ruary, Approved by the Director General of Civil Aviation. Directorate General of Civil Aviation, India.
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Table of contents Sl Page Sl Page Particulars Rev, Date Particulars No. No. No. No. Rev, Date 1 Preamble 5 0, 9 Feb 16 Flight Crew 2 Guidelines to complete the ramp inspection 7 0, 9 Feb 16 2 A19 FLASH LIGHT 75 0, 9 Feb 16 checklist (Appendix 5 to ) List of abbreviations used in this Annexure 9 0, 9 Feb 16 24 A20 FLIGHT CREW LICENCE 78 0, 9 Feb 16 4 Assessment guidelines and immediate actions 11 0, 9 Feb 16 25 A21 JOURNEY LOG BOOK OR EQUIVALENT 99 0, 9 Feb 16 to be taken by the inspection team Flight Deck 26 A22 MAINTENANCE RELEASE 102 0, 9 Feb 16 5 A01 GENERAL CONDITION 1 0, 9 Feb 16 27 A2 DEFECT NOTIFICATION AND 10 0, 9 Feb 16 RECTIFICATION (Incl. TECH LOG) 6 A02 EMERGENCY EXIT 18 0, 9 Feb 16 28 A24 PRE FLIGHT INSPECTION 110 0, 9 Feb 16 7 A0 EQUIPMENT 21 0, 9 Feb 16 Safety / Cabin 8 A4 MANUALS 26 0, 9 Feb 16 29 B01 GENERAL INTERNAL CONDITION 111 0, 9 Feb 16 9 A5 CHECKLISTS 29 0, 9 Feb 16 0 B02 CABIN ATTENDANTS STATION AND 116 0, 9 Feb 16 CREW REST AREA 10 A6 RADIO NAVIGATION CHARTS 2 0, 9 Feb 16 1 B0 FIRST AID KIT/ EMERGENCY MEDICAL 119 0, 9 Feb 16 11 A7 MINIMUM EQUIPMENT LIST 5 0, 9 Feb 16 2 B04 HAND FIRE EXTINGUISHER 122 0, 9 Feb 16 12 A8 CERTIFICATE OF REGISTRATION 7 0, 9 Feb 16 B05 LIFE JACKETS / FLOTATION DEVICES 125 0, 9 Feb 16 1 A9 NOISE CERTIFICATE (WHERE 9 0, 9 Feb 16 4 B06 SEAT BELT AND SEAT CONDITION 129 0, 9 Feb 16 APPLICABLE) 14 A10 AOC OR EQUIVALENT 41 0, 9 Feb 16 5 B07 EMERGENCY EXIT, LIGHTING AND 12 0, 9 Feb 16 MARKING, TORCHES. 15 A11 RADIO LICENCE 45 0, 9 Feb 16 6 B08 SLIDES / LIFE-RAFTS (AS REQUIRED), 141 0, 9 Feb 16 ELT 16 A12 CERTIFICATE OF AIRWORTHINESS 47 0, 9 Feb 16 7 B09 OXYGEN SUPPLY (CABIN CREW AND 144 0, 9 Feb 16 PASSENGERS) Flight Data 8 B10 SAFETY INSTRUCTION 150 0, 9 Feb 16 17 A1 FLIGHT PREPERATION 50 0, 9 Feb 16 9 B11 CABIN CREW MEMBERS 154 0, 9 Feb 16 18 A14 WEIGHT AND BALANCE SHEET 58 0, 9 Feb 16 40 B12 ACCESS TO EMERGENCY EXITS 156 0, 9 Feb 16 19 A15 HAND FIRE EXTINGUISHERS 6 0, 9 Feb 16 41 B1 SAFETY OR PASSENGER BAGGAGE 161 0, 9 Feb 16 20 A16 LIFE JACKETS / FLOTATION DEVICES 67 0, 9 Feb 16 42 B14 SEAT CAPACITY 162 0, 9 Feb 16 21 A17 HARNESS 69 0, 9 Feb 16 KITs Goto: Table of contents Page
22 A18 OXYGEN EQUIPMENT 71 0, 9 Feb 16 Sl No. Particulars Page No. Rev, Date Aircraft condition 4 C01 GENERAL EXTERNAL CONDITION 16 0, 9 Feb 16 44 CO2 DOORS AND HATCHES 167 0, 9 Feb 16 45 CO FLIGHT CONTROLS 168 0, 9 Feb 16 46 C04 WHEELS, TYRES AND BRAKES. 169 0, 9 Feb 16 47 CO5 UNDERCARRIAGE, SKIDS / FLOATS. 171 0, 9 Feb 16 48 C06 WHEEL WELL 17 0, 9 Feb 16 49 C07 POWERPLANT AND PYLON 174 0, 9 Feb 16 50 C08 FAN BLADES 176 0, 9 Feb 16 51 C09 PROPELLERS, ROTORS (MAIN/ TAIL) 177 0, 9 Feb 16 52 C10 OBVIOUS REPAIRS 178 0, 9 Feb 16 5 C11 OBVIOUS UNREPAIRED DAMAGE 179 0, 9 Feb 16 54 C12 LEAKAGE 180 0, 9 Feb 16 Cargo 55 D01 GENERAL CONDITION OF CARGO 181 0, 9 Feb 16 COMPARTMENT 56 D02 DANGEROUS GOODS 185 0, 9 Feb 16 57 D0 SAFETY OF CARGO ON BOARD 191 0, 9 Feb 16 General 58 E01 ADDITIONAL REMARK 19 0, 9 Feb 16 59 E02 REFUELING 194 0, 9 Feb 16 60 E0 LANGUAGE FOR COMMUNICATION 195 0, 9 Feb 16 Goto: Table of contents Page 4
Preamble DGCA has been conducting surveillance of foreign operators under the SOFA programme. Ramp inspections of domestic operators were being conducted in accordance to the Annual Surveillance Plan. Both these programmes are consolidated and are now conducted in accordance with Ramp Inspection Procedures. The complete details of this programme are provided in CAP 8500. Ramp Inspection Procedures cover both foreign operators and domestic operators. Surveillance of foreign operators are carried out in accordance to Aeronautical Information Circular 5 of 2009 which has been issued under rule 1 A of the Aircraft Rules, 197. The objective of Ramp Inspection Procedures is to enhance safety by continuous monitoring of aviation activities. Operators are checked for compliance with applicable international safety standards (issued by the ICAO), which are also detailed in the Indian Civil Aviation regulations. As a rule, all operators shall comply with the standard, the local regulations or the provisions of their operations manual whichever is most stringent. This Annexure lists common findings under the Common Finding Template (CFT) column. It also provides guidelines to categorise such common findings. The list of findings are indicative and not exhaustive. Findings relating to situations / practices that are undesirable but do not directly affect safety should be listed under G category. G category findings are in the nature of observations to operators. The inspection is generally carried out by a team comprising of Flight Operations Inspectors, Airworthiness Inspectors and Cabin Safety Inspectors. The Inspectors may check the licences, safety equipment in cockpit & cabin, cargo carried in the aircraft, technical condition of the aircraft, procedures, manuals and compliance with standards / regulations / manuals. All operators and crew shall assist in completion of such checks and shall render all possible co-operation towards the same. Refusal to undergo check or non-cooperation shall be viewed seriously and may result in a Category finding. Goto: Table of contents Page 5
It is the DGCAs policy not to delay an aircraft except for safety reasons. Consequentially all items appearing on the checklist may not be checked depending on time available for inspection. A snap shot of the AOC or equivalent document is required to record the contact details of the operator and/ or the state regulatory authority. In case this document does not contain the email ID of the responsible person, the information may be requested from the PIC or any other (operators) representative. Observations may be supplemented by short videos, photographs, statements and copies of documents. The crew / personnel shall be informed in case the inspection team wishes to take evidence in the form of photographs / videos / documents. The checklist ( Appendix 5) is completed in 2 copies. 1 copy retained by Flight Standards Directorate (Ramp Inspection Cell),and a copy shall be handed over to the PIC or the operators representative under acknowledgement. Soft copies will be retained in the Regional Office. Closure reports relating to domestic operators shall also be forwarded by the DDG region (by email) to the Ramp Cell Hq. for record. The inspection team shall complete the initial actions as indicated in this document. Such actions include completing the checklist, and serving a copy of the same to the PIC / operators representative / regulatory authority. The Inspecting team is also responsible for the follow up and closure of Class 2 and Class actions in co-ordination with the DDG Region and CFOI where required. The initial actions are complete after the operator has complied with the directives / restrictions imposed (if any). The Regional office is responsible for subsequent communications, follow-up and closure of findings relating to domestic operators. The Ramp cell at DGCA Hq. is responsible for follow-up and closure relating to inspections conducted on foreign aircrafts. For any clarifications, contact the CFOI. Goto: Table of contents Page 6
Guidelines to complete the ramp inspection checklist (Appendix 5 to ) To be entered by the ramp cell of the region / HQ in YYYY DDD 0000 SS format., where; Report No. Date Time Place Operator State AOC No: Route From: Flight Number (incoming) Route To: Flight Number (outgoing) Flight Type: YYYY is the 4 digit year (e.g., ) DDD is the character DGCA regional office code (e.g., DEL / BOM / CCU / MAA / BLR etc) 0000 is the four digit sequence number start with 0001 for each region. (Reset at the beginning of the year to 0000) SS is the two character indicator (NA for National aircraft, FA for foreign aircaft) Example of a Report Number of the first ramp inspection that is conducted at Delhi on an Air France aircraft will be : DEL 0001 FA Indicate the date on which the inspection is conducted (started) in DD / MM / YYYY format. Indicate the LOCAL time at which the inspection is started. E.g., 170 hrs. Indicate the 4 character ICAO aerodrome code at which the inspection is conducted. E.g., VOBL Name of the operator Enter the digit ICAO code or the operators full name. e.g., AFR or AIR FRANCE. For operators who have not been allotted a code or general aviation aircrafts enter YYY. Indicate the state name.e.g., FRANCE. Indicate the AOC Number which is found on the Air Operator Certificate. Indicate the 4 character ICAO code of the airport from which the aircraft has arrived from. E.g., LFPG - Charls de gaulle Indicate the incoming flight number as indicated in the Flight Plan e.g., AFR 291 (For Air France flight 291). Indicate he 4 character ICAO code of the airport to which the aircraft is proceeding to Indicate the outgoing flight number as indicated in the Flight Plan e.g., AFR 292 (For Air France 292). Indicate the flight type [one of the following]: Domestic Scheduled Passenger, Domestic Scheduled Cargo, Domestic Scheduled Regional, Domestic Non- Scheduled, Domestic-General Aviation, International- Scheduled, International-Cargo, International Non- Scheduled, International General-Aviation, Domestic-Charter, International-Charter. Goto: Table of contents Page 7
Flight Crew Licencing, 2 nd State of Licencing. Aircraft Type Aircraft Model Registration No: Indicate the state(s) that has issued the flight crew licenses to each flight crew member. E.g., For a crew comprising of Indian captain flying for Air France with a French validation (FATA) and a French co-pilot flying Air France write P1- INDIA with DGAC-FRANCE VALIDATION, P2- FRANCE. (A pilot who does not hold a licence issued by the state of registry shall possess a validation.) Indicate the type of aircraft as seen in the certificate of registration / airworthiness. E.g., B777 Indicate the model as seen in the certificate of airworthiness. E.g., 777-28 ER Indicate the registration number as seen in the certificate of registration. E.g., F-GSQI Construction No: Indicate the construction number or MSN as seen in the certificate of registration / airworthiness. E.g., 2725 Check Check the box to indicate that item has been inspected and hyphen (dash) to indicate that it has not been inspected Remark Action Taken Check the box if there is a non-compliance/finding. Check the appropriate box. In case of grounding / Corrective action before flight /or/if Restrictions are imposed on the aircraft, handover the copy of the checklist to the PIC or the operators representative and obtain an acknowledgement for the same. Inform the ATC of the situation (a applicable) by handing over the copy of the checklist to the aerodromes ATS Unit Item Indicate the CFT Serial number of the items for which findings were established. E.g., C08-01 Clearly indicate the details of non-compliance. E.g., against Item C08 write - No. 2 engine fan blade was found cracked beyond AMM limits. The remark should Remarks give the complete details of the non-compliance observed. It should be backed up by images / video footage. Note: Write C08-99 to indicate a non compliance that is different from the listed CFTs. Inspectors Signature Affix the name and signature of the FOI(s), AWI(s), CSI(s) who were a part of the inspection team. Acknowledgement of Handover a copy of the checklist and obtain acknowledgement from the PIC or the representative of the operator. receipt Goto: Table of contents Page 8
List of abbreviations used in this Annexure 1 (M) MEL maintenance procedures 26 ELP English Language Proficiency 2 (O) MEL operational procedures 27 Eng Engine A* ICAO Annex [e.g. A9 = Annex 9] 28 Eqpt Equipment 4 ACAS Airborne collision avoidance system (TCAS) 29 FDTL Flight and duty time limitation (part of OM) 5 ACM Additional Crew Member 0 FOB Fuel on Board 6 AFP ATC Flight Plan 1 FOI DGCA Flight Operations Inspector 7 AMM Aircraft Maintenance Manual 2 FOO Flight operations officer / dispatcher 8 AOM Aerodrome Operating Minima (part of OM) GA Go around 9 AOP/C Air Operator Permit / Certificate 4 HFE Hand Fire Extinguisher 10 ARC Airworthiness Review Certificate 5 hpa Hecto-pascals 11 AUW Aircraft All Up Weight 6 ICAO International Civil Aviation Organisation 12 AWI DGCA Airworthiness Inspector 7 IFR Instrument Flight Rules 1 c Item to be checked by the CSI 8 IMC Instrument Meteorological Conditions 14 C/L Checklist 9 Info Information 15 CAO Cargo Aircraft Only (DG related) 40 JDG Joint Director General of Civil Aviation, 16 CFOI Chief Flight Operations Inspector 41 JLB Journey Logbook 17 Co(pilot) Pilot or Co-Pilot 42 L&T Load & Trim / Mass & Balance 18 COA Certificate of Airworthiness 4 LVO Low Visibility Operations 19 COR Certificate of Registration 44 m Item to be checked by the AWI 20 CSI DGCA Cabin Safety Inspector 45 MEL Approved Minimum Equipment List 21 CVR Cockpit Voice Recorder 46 MLW Maximum Landing Weight 22 DG Dangerous Goods 47 MMEL Master minimum equipment list 2 DGCA Directorate General of Civil Aviation, India 48 MSN Manufacturer Serial Number Goto: Table of contents Page 9
24 DG (CA) Director General of Civil Aviation, India 49 MTOW Maximum Takeoff Weight 25 EDTO Extended diversion time operations 50 N/A Not available / Not installed 51 NOTOC Notice to Captain (DG related) 62 RVSM Reduced vertical separation minima 52 o Item to be checked by the Inspector 6 S/N Aircraft Serial Number 5 OFP Operational Flight Plan 64 TO Takeoff 54 OM Approved Operations Manual 65 UPK Universal Precaution Kit 55 Op Spec Operations Specifications (part of AOP/AOC) 66 U/S Unserviceable outside MEL limits 56 Pax Passenger 67 VFR Visual Flight Rules 57 PBE Protective (Portable) breathing equipment 68 VMC Visual Meteorological Conditions 58 PIC Pilot in Command 69 Wx Weather 59 QDM Quick donning (oxygen) mask 70 CFT Common finding template 60 R/T Radio Telephony 71 Std Ref ICAO Standard reference 61 RNAV Area Navigation Goto: Table of contents Page 10
Assessment guidelines and immediate actions to be taken by the inspection team In case non-compliance is noticed, it shall be categorised as per the following table and appropriate action as indicated shall be taken; Category of findings Cat 1. Nature of Noncompliance Class of Actions CLASS 1 CLASS 2 CLASS Information to Captain (POI) Information to the responsible Regulatory Authority and the Operators home base Restrictions imposed / Corrective actions before flight Minor Yes No No Cat 2 Significant Yes Cat Major Yes Yes. Written communication to operator and the regulatory authority and copy to operator s home base (findings of several inspections may be summarised in one communication) Yes Note: Written communication to the operator and to the regulatory authority. In case of aircraft damage affecting airworthiness a direct communication with the responsible regulatory authority should be established. The regulatory authority in the State of registry decides about conditions regarding return to flight status. Confirmation afterwards with written communication to the regulatory authority and copy to operator s home base. No Yes Note: the specific actions consisting of operational restrictions, corrective actions before flight or at maintenance base, grounding and / or entry permit repercussions have to be reported. Goto: Table of contents Page 11
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A01 GENERAL CONDITION INSPECTING INSTRUCTIONS Check general condition. Check the stowage of interior equipment, suitcases, navigation chart cases etc. Note: inspectors should make sure that manuals, flight cases etc. were indeed not appropriately stored during the incoming flight. In some cases it can be proven (or at least reasonably assumed) that the manuals were not stored during flight since e.g. there is no suitable storage area. However, in those cases where it cannot be excluded that the crew indeed stores the manuals during flight, no finding should be raised. Such manuals and cases may have indeed been used by the crew during taxi and the turn-around before the inspector enters the flight deck. If a flight crew compartment door is installed, check the door locking/unlocking mechanism. On passenger carrying aeroplanes with MTOW > 45.500 kg (or with a passenger seating capacity more than 60 pax) check for installation and serviceability of the reinforced cockpit door. Check the means to monitor the door area from either pilots seat. Some means will fully satisfy the requirements, such as CCTV systems. However, means such as the spy-hole do not enable the crew to monitor the door area from their seat and lead to a cat. 2 finding. The visual monitoring of the door area from the cockpit is of paramount importance, therefore alternative procedures such as an audio signalling code in addition to a spy-hole are also considered to be not in compliance as they do not provide for an actual visual monitoring; therefore, a cat. 2 finding should be raised in such a situation as well. However, when this has been compensated during critical phases of the flight, for instance by the use of an additional crew member to monitor the area on behalf of the flight crew, or by denying access to the flight deck during these phases, it still constitutes a finding, but with a lesser impact on safety (hence the cat. 1 should be used). The presence in the cockpit of an additional crew member during all phases of the flight is considered to fully meet ICAO requirements. Check the condition of the flight deck windows (e.g. windshield cracks, possible delamination etc) Check if the crew composition meets the minimum crew requirements (available in the AFM) Check that no equipment is installed such that it obviously does not meet the systems design features and emergency landing provisions in Annex 8 Part IIIA/B, Chapter 4 (e.g. when equipment installed on the glare shield significantly impairs the pilots vision). Check the presence and serviceability of the windshield wipers (if required for the flight). Check if any electrical cables/wires are unintentionally exposed. Check the serviceability of the warning panel lights. When circumstances dictate (e.g. aircraft undergoes significant delay), check whether the crew members are in compliance with the flight and duty time rules contained within the Operations Manual. Goto: Table of contents Page 1
CFT No. A01-01 A01-02 A01-0 A01-04 A01-05 Std. Ref. Standard s Text Common Finding Template CAT A6-I-1.2.2 A6-I-1.2.1 A6-I-1.2. A6-I-1.2. A6-I-1.2. From 1 November 200, all passenger-carrying aeroplanes of a maximum certificated take-off mass in excess of 45 500 kg or with a passenger seating capacity greater than 60 shall be equipped with an approved flight crew compartment door that is designed to resist penetration by small arms fire and grenade shrapnel, and to resist forcible intrusions by unauthorized persons. This door shall be capable of being locked and unlocked from either pilot's station. In all aeroplanes which are equipped with a flight crew compartment door, this door shall be capable of being locked, and means shall be provided by which cabin crew can discreetly notify the flight crew in the event of suspicious activity or security breaches in the cabin. In all aeroplanes which are equipped with a flight crew compartment door in accordance with 1.2.2: b) means shall be provided for monitoring from either pilot s station the entire door area outside the flight crew compartment to identify persons requesting entry and to detect suspicious behavior or potential threat. In all aeroplanes which are equipped with a flight crew compartment door in accordance with 1.2.2: b) means shall be provided for monitoring from either pilot s station the entire door area outside the flight crew compartment to identify persons requesting entry and to detect suspicious behavior or potential threat. In all aeroplanes which are equipped with a flight crew compartment door in accordance with 1.2.2: b) means shall be provided for monitoring from either pilot s station the entire door area outside the flight crew compartment to identify persons requesting entry and to detect suspicious behavior or potential threat. Door (un)locking mechanism at (Co)Pilot station N/A or U/S. No means provided for crew notification 2 Means to monitor the door area not available from either pilot s station (but alternative operational procedures established for the critical phases of flight) Means to monitor the door area not available from either pilot s station (and no alternative operational procedures established.) Means to monitor door area N/A or U/S (outside MEL limits) 1 1 2 Goto: Table of contents Page 14
A01-06 A01-07 A01-08 A01-09 A01-10 A6-I-1.2.1 AMM A6-I-9.1.1 A6-I-2.2.10.2 A8-IIIA- 4.1.7.1 A8-IIIB-4.6.1 A8-IIIA-4.1.6(c) A8-IIIB-4.2(c) In all aeroplanes which are equipped with a flight crew compartment door, this door shall be capable of being locked, and means shall be provided by which cabin crew can discreetly notify the flight crew in the event of suspicious activity or security breaches in the cabin. AMM The number and composition of the flight crew shall not be less than that specified in the operations manual. The flight crews shall include flight crew members in addition to the minimum numbers specified in the flight manual or other documents associated with the certificate of airworthiness, when necessitated by considerations related to the type of aeroplane used, the type of operation involved and the duration of flight between points where flight crews are changed. An operator shall formulate rules to limit flight time and flight duty periods and for the provision of adequate rest periods for all its crewmembers. These rules shall be in accordance with the regulations established by the State of the Operator, or approved by that State, and included in the operations manual. Provisions shall be made in the design of the aeroplane to protect the occupants, in the event of an emergency landing, from fire and from the direct effects of deceleration forces as well as from injuries arising from the effect of deceleration forces on the aeroplane s interior equipment. Crew environment. The design of the flight crew compartment shall be such as to minimize the possibility of incorrect or restricted operation of the controls by the crew, due to fatigue, confusion or interference Cockpit door lock N/A or U/S (outside MEL limits) Damages to flight deck windows outside AMM Limits Insufficient number of flight crew members Flight Crew member not in compliance with the flight and duty time rules Interior equipment and/or other object(s) not correctly secured or stowed during flight Goto: Table of contents Page 15
A01-11 A01-12 A01-1 A01-14 A6-I-1.2.2 MEL A8-IIIA- 4.1.6d, A8-IIIB-4.2d A8-IIIA- 4.1.6d, From 1 November 200, all passenger-carrying aeroplanes of a maximum certificated take-off mass in excess of 45 500 kg or with a passenger seating capacity greater than 60 shall be equipped with an approved flight crew compartment door that is designed to resist penetration by small arms fire and grenade shrapnel, and to resist forcible intrusions by unauthorized persons. This door shall be capable of being locked and unlocked from either pilot's station. MEL Pilot vision. The arrangement of the pilot compartment shall be such as to afford a sufficiently extensive, clear and undistorted field of vision for the safe operation of the aeroplane, and to prevent glare and reflections that would interfere with the pilot s vision. The design features of the pilot windshield shall permit, under precipitation conditions, sufficient vision for the normal conduct of flight and for the execution of approaches and landings. Features of the pilot windshield shall permit, under precipitation conditions, sufficient vision for the normal conduct of flight and for the execution of approaches and landings. Pilot vision. The arrangement of the pilot compartment shall be such as to afford a sufficiently extensive, clear and undistorted field of vision for the safe operation of the aeroplane, and to prevent glare and reflections that would interfere with the pilot s vision. The design features of the pilot windshield shall permit, under precipitation conditions, sufficient vision for the normal conduct of flight and for the execution of approaches and landings. Reinforced cockpit door not installed (on passenger flights) Lights U/S in warning panel (outside MEL limits) Cockpit installations significantly decreasing pilots vision 2 Windshield wipers/cleaning/drying system not installed or U/S and their usage required due to precipitation (outside MEL limits) A01-15 A8-IIIA-1.4, 1. Under all anticipated operating conditions, the aeroplane shall not possess any feature or characteristic that renders it unsafe. Equipment/ installations obviously not in compliance with Annex 8, Part III A/B. Chapter 4 Goto: Table of contents Page 16
A01-16 A01-17 A01-18 A8-IIIA-1.5, A8- IIIB-1.4 A8-IIIA-9.1 A8-IIIB-7.1 A8-IIIA-1.4 A8- IIIB-1. AMM Compliance with the appropriate airworthiness requirements shall be based on evidence either from tests, calculations, or calculations based on tests, provided that in each case the accuracy achieved will ensure a level of airworthiness equal to that which would be achieved were direct tests conducted. The tests of 1.5.1 shall be such as to provide reasonable assurance that the aeroplane, its components and equipment are reliable and function correctly under the anticipated operating conditions. The operating limitations within which compliance with the Standards of this Annex is determined, together with any other information necessary to the safe operation of the aeroplane, shall be made available by means of an aeroplane flight manual, markings and placards, and such other means as may effectively accomplish the purpose. The limitations and information shall include at least those prescribed in 9.2, 9. and 9.4. The operating limitations within which compliance with the Standards of this Annex is determined, together with any other information necessary to the safe operation of the aeroplane, shall be made available by means of a flight manual, markings and placards, and such other means as may effectively accomplish the purpose. The limitations and information shall include at least those prescribed in this sub-part. Unsafe features and characteristics Under all anticipated operating conditions, the aeroplane shall not possess any feature or characteristic that renders it unsafe. AMM Operational flight deck markings and/or placards missing or incorrect Inadvertently exposed electrical cables/wires in the cockpit Windshield delamination outside AMM limits 2 2 Goto: Table of contents Page 17
A02 EMERGENCY EXIT INSPECTING INSTRUCTIONS Check serviceability of exits and, when ropes are installed, check that they are secured. Check whether access to emergency exits is restricted or impeded. Note: Inspectors should be aware that equipment/luggage may be placed temporarily in an unsecured condition during flight preparation. In such cases the inspectors should seek confirmation that the equipment/luggage will be securely stowed before flight. If the crew is unable to confirm this, a finding may be appropriate. CFT No. A02-01 A02-02 Std. Ref. Standard s Text Common Finding Template CAT A8-IIIA-4.1.7. A8-IIIA-4.1.7.2 The interior layout of the cabin and the position and number of emergency exits, including the means of locating and illuminating the escape paths and exits shall be such as to facilitate rapid evacuation of the aeroplane in conditions likely to occur following an emergency landing. Facilities shall be provided for the rapid evacuation of the aeroplane in conditions likely to occur following an emergency landing. Such facilities shall be related to the passenger and crew capacity of the aeroplane Access to emergency exit impeded Emergency exits or part U/S Goto: Table of contents Page 18
A8-IIIA-8. Prescribed safety and survival equipment that the crew or passengers are expected to use or operate at the time of an emergency shall be reliable, readily accessible and easily identified, and its method of operation shall be plainly marked. A8-IIIB-4.6.2 Facilities shall be provided for the rapid evacuation of the aeroplane in conditions likely to occur following an emergency landing. Such facilities shall be related to the passenger and crew capacity of the aeroplane and shall be shown to be suitable for their intended purpose. A8-IIIB-4.6.4 On aeroplanes certificated for ditching conditions, provisions shall be made in the design to give maximum practicable assurance that safe evacuation from the aeroplane of passengers and crew can be executed in case of ditching. A8-IIIB-6. Safety and survival equipment. Prescribed safety and survival equipment that the crew or passengers are expected to use or operate at the time of an emergency shall be reliable, readily accessible and easily identified, and its method of operation shall be plainly marked. A8-V-6. Safety and survival equipment. Prescribed safety and survival equipment that the crew or passengers are expected to use or operate at the time of an emergency shall be reliable, readily accessible and easily identified, and its method of operation shall be plainly marked. A02-0 A8-IIIA-4.1.7.2 Facilities shall be provided for the rapid evacuation of the aeroplane in conditions likely to occur following an emergency landing. Such facilities shall be related to the passenger and crew capacity of the aeroplane If applicable, flight deck escape facilities (ropes, hatches, harnesses) N/A or U/S (outside MEL) Goto: Table of contents Page 19
A8-IIIA-8. A8-IIIB-4.6.2 A8-IIIB-4.6.4 A8-IIIB-6. A8-V-6. Prescribed safety and survival equipment that the crew or passengers are expected to use or operate at the time of an emergency shall be reliable, readily accessible and easily identified, and its method of operation shall be plainly marked. Facilities shall be provided for the rapid evacuation of the aeroplane in conditions likely to occur following an emergency landing. Such facilities shall be related to the passenger and crew capacity of the aeroplane and shall be shown to be suitable for their intended purpose. On aeroplanes certificated for ditching conditions, provisions shall be made in the design to give maximum practicable assurance that safe evacuation from the aeroplane of passengers and crew can be executed in case of ditching. Safety and survival equipment. Prescribed safety and survival equipment that the crew or passengers are expected to use or operate at the time of an emergency shall be reliable, readily accessible and easily identified, and its method of operation shall be plainly marked. Safety and survival equipment. Prescribed safety and survival equipment that the crew or passengers are expected to use or operate at the time of an emergency shall be reliable, readily accessible and easily identified, and its method of operation shall be plainly marked. Goto: Table of contents Page 20
A0 EQUIPMENT All Flights: INSPECTING INSTRUCTIONS a) TAWS (E-GPWS) Check if installed and serviceable. If unserviceable check if properly deferred (reported in the ATLB/JLB) and check if still within MEL dispatch limits. Verify that the installed GPWS has a forward looking terrain avoidance function. If the terrain database is found to be expired, verify against the MEL the dispatch conditions. When an operational test can be performed by the pilot, it should be requested Note: On certain aircraft such a test cannot be performed by the pilots but only by maintenance personnel: this does not constitute a finding. Note: some CIS-built aircraft are equipped with GPWS systems like the SSOS or SPPZ (SPBZ) that do not fulfil the ICAO requirements regarding the E- GPWS. Only the 7-channel (SRPBZ) with forward looking terrain avoidance function meets the ICAO requirements. In the case where an aircraft is found not to have TAWS (E-GPWS) installed then the competent authority should consider imposing an immediate operating ban on that aircraft. The aircraft should be allowed to depart only on a non-revenue flight. b) ACAS II (TCAS) Check if installed and serviceable. If unserviceable check if properly deferred (reported in the ATLB/JLB) and check if still within MEL dispatch limits. When an operational test can be performed by the pilot, it should be requested. Note: On certain aircraft such a test cannot be performed by the pilots but only by maintenance personnel: this does not constitute a finding. In the case where an aircraft is found not to be fitted with a compliant TCAS/ACAS II system then the competent authority should consider imposing an immediate operating ban on that aircraft. The aircraft should be allowed to depart only on a non-revenue flight. For aircraft with their first COA issued on or after 1 Jan 2014, check if ACAS II, software version 7.1 is installed. This can be done by performing a test of aural warnings; version 7.1 will have the extra resolution advisory Level off, level off (this requirement is only applicable in some territories. For exisitng installations, complaince date is 1 Jan 2017. TCAS is also mandatory for operation in Indian RVSM airspace. c) Cockpit Voice Recorder When an operational test can be performed by the pilot, it should be requested. Note: On certain aircraft such a test cannot be performed by the pilots but only by maintenance personnel: this does not constitute a finding. Goto: Table of contents Page 21
Flights in designated airspace: a) RVSM Check whether the equipment unserviceability (if any) renders the aircraft non-rvsm capable (check with Doc 9614). Area of applicability (ICAO Doc 700): RVSM shall be applicable in that volume of airspace between FL 290 and FL 410 inclusive in the following flight information regions/upper flight information regions RVSM shall be applicable in either all, or part of, that volume of airspace between FL 290 and FL 410 inclusive b) RNAV Check that the aircraft is equipped with RNAV equipment. For operations in airspace designated as RNAV/RNP 10, RNAV 5, RNAV 2, RNAV 1, RNAV APCH, RNP 4, RNP 2, RNP APCH etc., check if the aircraft meets the Required Navigation Performance (RNP) requirements. c) MNPS Check whether the equipment unserviceability (if any) renders the aircraft non-mnps capable. Area of applicability (ICAO Doc 700): The MNPS shall be applicable in that volume of airspace between FL 285 and FL 420 within the Oceanic Control Areas of Santa Maria, Shanwick, Reykjavik, Gander Oceanic and New York, excluding the area west of 60 W and south of 8 0'N. NAT HLA will be applicable from 04 Feb, with the addition of BODO oceanic area. d) 8. khz channel spacing Check that radio equipment is 8. khz channel spacing capable. This can be checked by requesting to select an 8. khz channel, for example, 12.055 khz on the radio control panel. The panel should normally show 6 digits however some radio control panels may omit the leading 1 and display only 5 digits, e.g. 2.055. Area of applicability: The carriage of 8. khz channel spacing capable radio equipment is mandatory for operations in the specified regions. Check the frequencies in use at the airport and route planned to ascertain the requirement. Note: Inspectors, while checking this inspection item, should also assess whether the required equipment is obviously not being used, e.g. if an equipment is found to be covered and therefore rendered unusable, this should result in a cat. finding. If equipment is found to be obstructed (e.g. by a manual) during flight preparation phase, this should not lead to a finding. Goto: Table of contents Page 22
CFT No. A0-01 A0-02 A0-0 Std. Ref. Standard s Text Common Finding Template CAT A6-I-6.1.1 A6-I-6.18.2 A2-2..1 A2-2..1 A6-I-6.18. A10-IV-Ch4-4..5..1 In addition to the minimum equipment necessary for the issuance of a certificate of airworthiness, the instruments, equipment and flight documents prescribed in the following paragraphs shall be installed or carried, as appropriate, in aeroplanes according to the aeroplane used and to the circumstances under which the flight is to be conducted. The prescribed instruments and equipment, including their installation, shall be approved or accepted by the State of Registry. From 1 January 2005, all turbine-engined aeroplanes of a maximum certificated take-off mass in excess of 5 700 kg or authorized to carry more than 19 passengers shall be equipped with an airborne collision avoidance system (ACAS II). 2..1 Responsibility of pilot-in-command - The PIC of an aircraft shall, whether manipulating the controls or not, be responsible for the operation of aircraft in accordance with the rules of the air, except that the PIC may depart from these rules in circumstances that render such departure absolutely necessary in the interests of safety. 2..1 Responsibility of pilot-in-command - The PIC of an aircraft shall, whether manipulating the controls or not, be responsible for the operation of aircraft in accordance with the rules of the air, except that the PIC may depart from these rules in circumstances that render such departure absolutely necessary in the interests of safety. An airborne collision avoidance system shall operate in accordance with the relevant provisions of Annex 10, Volume IV. New ACAS installations after 1 January 2014 shall monitor own aircraft s vertical rate to verify compliancewith the RA sense. If non-compliance is detected, ACAS shall stop assuming compliance, and instead shall assume the observed vertical rate. Required equipment installed but clearly not used during operation by crew. ACAS II N/A or U/S (outside MEL limits) Aircraft that with first CoA issued on or after 1 Jan 2014not equipped with ACAS II, software version 7.1 2 Goto: Table of contents Page 2
Note. Compliance with this requirement can be achieved through the implementation of traffic alert and collision avoidance system (TCAS) Version 7.1 as specified in RTCA/DO- 185B or EUROCAE/ED-14. A flight shall not be commenced until flight preparation forms have been completed certifying that the pilot-in command is satisfied that: b) the instruments and equipment prescribed in Chapter 6, for the particular type of operation to be undertaken, are installed and are sufficient for the flight. From 1 January 2007, all turbine-engined aeroplanes of a maximum certificated take-off mass in excess of 5 700 kg or authorized to carry more than nine passengers shall be equipped with a ground proximity warning system which has a forward looking terrain avoidance function. From 1 January 2007, all piston-engined aeroplanes of a maximum certificated take-off mass in excess of 5 700 kg or authorized to carry more than nine passengers shall be equipped with a ground proximity warning system which provides the warnings in 6.15.8 a) and c), warning of unsafe terrain clearance and a forward looking terrain avoidance function. A ground proximity warning system shall provide, unless otherwise specified herein, warnings of the following circumstances: - (a) excessive descent rate; (b) excessive terrain closure rate (c ) excessive altitude loss after take off or go-around; (d) unsafe terrain clearance while not in landing configuration [1. gear not locked down.2. flaps not in a landing position;] and (e) excessive descent below the instrument glide path. A flight shall not be commenced until flight preparation forms have been completed certifying that the pilot-in command is satisfied that: b) the instruments and equipment prescribed in Chapter 6, for the particular type of operation to be undertaken, are installed and are sufficient for the flight. A0-04 A0-05 A6-I-6.4..1(b) A6-I-6.15.4 A6-I-6.15.6 A6-I-6.15.8 A6-I-6.4..1(b) GPWS with forward looking terrain avoidance function not installed or U/S (outside MEL limits) Radio channel spacing does not meet the airspace requirements for the filed flight plan Goto: Table of contents Page 24
A0-06 A0-07 A6-I-6.4..1 A6-I-7.2.1 A6-I-6..2.1. A6-I-6..2.1.4 A6-I-6..2.1.5 A flight shall not be commenced until flight preparation forms have been completed certifying that the pilot-in command is satisfied that: b) the instruments and equipment prescribed in Chapter 6, for the particular type of operation to be undertaken, are installed and are sufficient for the flight. An aeroplane shall be provided with navigation equipment which will enable it to proceed: (a) in accordance with the flight plan; and (b) in accordance with the requirements of air traffic services; except when, if not so precluded by the appropriate authority, navigation for flights under the visual flight rules is accomplished by visual reference to landmarks. All aeroplanes of MTOW of over 5700 Kg for which individual certificate of airworthiness is first issued on or after 1st January 200 shall be equipped with a CVR capable of retaining information recorded during at least the last two hours of its operation. All aeroplanes of a maximum certificated take-off mass of over 5 700 kg for which the individual certificate of airworthiness is first issued on or after 1 January 1987 shall be equipped with a CVR. All turbine-engine aeroplanes, for which the individual certificate of airworthiness was first issued before1 January 1987, with a maximum certificated take-off mass of over 27 000 kg that are of types of which the prototype was certificated by the appropriate national authority after 0 September 1969 shall be equipped with a CVR. Required navigation equipment N/A or U/S (outside MEL limits) Cockpit Voice Recorder inoperative (outside MEL limits) Goto: Table of contents Page 25
A4 MANUALS INSPECTING INSTRUCTIONS Check for presence of Operations Manual and Aircraft Flight Manual. (Note: flight manual data may be included in the operations manual). Check if their content complies with the requirements and is up to date (e.g. with the latest revision of the AFM). Note: Not all parts of the Ops Manual have to be carried on board. As a minimum there shall be available those parts pertaining to flight operations. Note: in the Ops. manual the following subjects, in particular, could be checked: - presence of instructions and data for mass and balance control. - the list of the navigational equipment to be carried including any requirements relating to operations where performance based navigation is prescribed. - Presence of data that enables the crew to carry out performance calculations - Information on fuel planning - Flight and duty time requirements - Safety precautions during refuelling with passengers on board. - Instructions on the carriage of dangerous goods (with DG on board) Check if the flight crew is able to understand the language in which the OPS Manual and/or AFM are written. Note: ICAO standards do not require the manuals to be written in English language. Such a case does not constitute a finding unless it is obvious that the pilot(s) do not understand the language in which the manuals are written. Note: the impact on safety is different in case only one flight crew member is not able to understand the language of the OM, or if it is not understood by any of the flight crew members. This is reflected in the respective cat 2 and cat common finding template. Note: Annex 6 does require that specific parts of the Operations Manual be approved by the National Authority. However, the Annex does not require that proof of such approval be contained in the manual itself. It is up to each and every Contracting State to determine how they approve a manual and whether evidence of such approval is required in the manual. The absence of a specific approval does not constitute a finding for foreign airrcaft. Goto: Table of contents Page 26
CFT No. A04-01 A04-02 A04-0 A04-04 A04-05 Std. Ref. Standard s Text Common Finding Template CAT A6-I-6.2..ab A6-I-2.2.10.2 A6-I-4.2..1 A6-I-4.2..1 A6-I-4.2..1 An aeroplane shall carry: (a) the operations manual prescribed in 4.2., or those parts of it that pertain to flight operations; b) the flight manual for the aeroplane, or other documents containing performance data required for the application of Chapter 5 and any other information necessary for the operation of the aeroplane within the terms of its certificate of airworthiness, unless these data are available in the operations manual; An operator shall formulate rules to limit flight time and flight duty periods and for the provision of adequate rest periods for all its crew members. These rules shall be in accordance with the regulations established by the State of the Operator, or approved by that State, and included in the operations manual. An operator shall provide, for the use and guidance of operations personnel concerned, an operations manual in accordance with Appendix 2. The operations manual shall be amended or revised as is necessary to ensure that the information contained therein is kept up to date. All such amendments or revisions shall be issued to all personnel that are required to use this manual. An operator shall provide, for the use and guidance of operations personnel concerned, an operations manual in accordance with Appendix 2. The operations manual shall be amended or revised as is necessary to ensure that the information contained therein is kept up to date. All such amendments or revisions shall be issued to all personnel that are required to use this manual. An operator shall provide, for the use and guidance of operations personnel concerned, an operations manual in accordance with Appendix 2. The operations manual shall be amended or revised as is necessary to ensure that the information contained therein is kept up to date. All such amendments or revisions shall be issued No or incomplete portions of Operations Manual pertaining to flight operations on board No rules on flight time, flight duty and rest time limitations in the Operations Manual Operations Manual not up to date 2 Operations Manual not issued by the operator 2 Operations Manual published in a language that is not understood by a member of the flight crew 2 2 2 Goto: Table of contents Page 27
to all personnel that are required to use this manual. A04-06 A04-07 A04-08 A6-I-6.2..ab A18-9.2 A6-I-4.2..1 An aeroplane shall carry: (a) the operations manual prescribed in 4.2., or those parts of it that pertain to flight operations; b) the flight manual for the aeroplane, or other documents containing performance data required for the application of Chapter 5 and any other information necessary for the operation of the aeroplane within the terms of its certificate of airworthiness, unless these data are available in the operations manual; The operator shall provide such information in the Operations Manual as will enable the flight crew to carry out its responsibilities with regard to the transport of dangerous goods and shall provide instructions as to the action to be taken in the event of emergencies arising involving dangerous goods. An operator shall provide, for the use and guidance of operations personnel concerned, an operations manual in accordance with Appendix 2. The operations manual shall be amended or revised as is necessary to ensure that the information contained therein is kept up to date. All such amendments or revisions shall be issued to all personnel that are required to use this manual. No or incomplete performance and limitations data on board No information and instructions in Operations Manual on the actions to be taken in the event of an emergency (DG on board) Operations Manual published in a language that is not understood by any of the flight crew members Goto: Table of contents Page 28
A5 CHECKLISTS INSPECTING INSTRUCTIONS Check if checklists are available and easily accessible. Note: Most modern aircraft have some checklists held electronically, This should not constitute a finding provided that the crew can demonstrate access to such checklists and they are correctly documented in the Operations manual. Check if the Ops Manual contains the required checklists. Compare the version in Ops Manual with the ones available to the crew. (electronic or paper) Check if their content is in compliance with the operating manual covering all flight phases, in normal and emergency operations. Note: Normal, non-normal and emergency checklists are sometimes combined in a Quick Reference Handbook. Nevertheless, inspectors may find separate checklists for each phase of the flight, which is fully compliant. Check if the checklists are identical for all members of the flight crew. Note: If checklists with a different number of revision/ different dates are present, check if the content is identical. Note: On some ex-soviet built aircraft only the flight engineer has a checklist. The pilot and co-pilot may be working from a memorised checklist only. Goto: Table of contents Page 29
CFT No. A5-01 A5-02 A5-0 A5-04 Std. Ref. Standard s Text Common Finding Template CAT A6-I-6.1.4 A6-I-6.1.4 A6-I-4.2.6 A6-I-4.2.6 The operator shall provide operations staff and flight crew with an aircraft operating manual, for each aircraft type operated, containing the normal, abnormal and emergency procedures relating to the operation of the aircraft. The manual shall include details of the aircraft systems and of the checklists to be used. The design of the manual shall observe Human Factors principles. Note: - Guidance material on the application of Human Factors principles can be found in the Human Factors Training Manual (Doc 968). The operator shall provide operations staff and flight crew with an aircraft OM, for each aircraft type operated, containing the normal, abnormal and emergency procedures relating to the operation of the aircraft. The manual shall include details of the aircraft systems and of the checklists to be used. The design of the manual shall observe Human Factors principles. Note: - Guidance material on the application of Human Factors principles can be found in the Human Factors Training Manual (Doc 968). The checklists provided in accordance with 6.1.4 shall be used by flight crews prior to, during and after all phases of operations, and in emergency, to ensure compliance with the operating procedures contained in the aircraft operating manual and the aeroplane flight manual or other documents associated with the certificate of airworthiness and otherwise in the operations manual, are followed. The checklists provided in accordance with 6.1.4 shall be used by flight crews prior to, during and after all phases of operations, and in emergency, to ensure compliance with the operating procedures contained in the aircraft operating manual and the aeroplane flight manual or other documents associated with the certificate of airworthiness and otherwise in the operations manual, are followed. C/L does not confirm with the C/L details in the OM 2 No C/L details in the OM 2 Normal and emergency C/L not readily accessible to all relevant flight crew C/L not covering all phases of fight 2 2 Goto: Table of contents Page 0