DSNA NAVIGATION STRATEGY PBN & GNSS Ministère de l'écologie, du Développement durable, et de l Énergie
PBN IMPLEMENTATION DRIVERS IN FRANCE ICAO directions towards PBN Improve Safety and Airspace Capacity, Reduction of Environmental impact ICAO ASBUs European environment SESAR FABEC EASA Airspace users consultation PBN National implementation plan Open PBN forum with airspace users and industry Aim to be a PBN European leader 2
PBN OPERATIONS IN FRANCE IN 2015 PBN Type NavSpec RNAV RNP Name NavSpec RNAV5 RNAV1 RNP APCH RNP AR APCH Flight Phase En-route Terminal NPA Approach APV Approach Approach with authorisation Type of trajectory Airways SID STAR INA RNAV (GNSS) (under study) Minima Designation LNAV (NPA) LNAV/VNAV (APV baro) LPV (APV sbas)
CHARTING PBN FOR APPROACHES Very flexible ICAO concept, down to Cat I Differently equipped users managed by ATC on the same path/chart Easy to manage for ANSP publication GPS + SBAS minima GPS +BaroVNAV minima GPS + RAIM minima
AIM OF PBN FOR APPROACHES PBN target for primary runways: Best quality backup to ILS (outages, maintenance, renewal,etc ) DSNA has launched two important programs on major airports: PBN@CDG: replacement of 8 ILS 2016 2020 PBN@NICE: publication of GNSS + VOR approaches only kept as backup + RNP AR (under study); NICE will become PBN only during 80% of time PBN target for secondary runways: More direct paths, increased safety (vertical guidance in final), increased airport accessibility vs. conventional navaids PBN target for about 50 small/medium airports: Cut DSNA landing infrastructure costs (ILS Cat I) by transitioning to PBN EGNOS supports CAT I performance alternatively to ILS (LPV 250 ft today, LPV 200 ft by Q4 2015) 5 M economized each year, supports the French Landing Tax (RSTCA) reduction program announced by DGAC in 2014
PBN APPROACHES STATUS Approx. 200 runway ends included in France PBN plan PBN LNAV since 2004, LPV since 2011, LNAV/VNAV since 2012 Military airports also equipped now with LNAV & LPV 120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Cible Réalisé 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 ICAO PBN RNP APCH A37 11 target Yearly achieved rate 6
PUBLISHED PBN PROCEDURES Status Jan 2015: 141 RWY with PBN 139 LNAV 87 EGNOS LPV 34 LNAV/VNAV
ILS CAT I rationalisation plan Red: 2016 Airports with ILS reduced network maintained by DSNA Blue: Airports where the existing ILS Cat I is proposed to be replaced by a PBN approach EGNOS supports ILS Cat I equivalent performance and reduces DSNA infrastructure costs by 5 M /year
PBN OPERATIONAL LESSONS LEARNED, SINCE 2004 LNAV and LNAV/VNAV today supports a majority of users, but still suffers from some limitations: Safety issues with ICAO PANS OPS LNAV/VNAV criteria, resolved now with the new published criteria, but has delayed up to now LNAV/VNAV Higher minima due to less performing lateral and vertical guidance Issue of «RAIM holes» when PBN is the sole approach Daily LNAV and LNAV/VNAV un availabilities may exist, depending upon the avionics, Dispatch operational penalties will impact users (typically half of AF A320 fleet) within PBN@NICE & PBN@CDG programs Air France asks for getting away of RAIM holes issues in the future Lower safety level lack of vertical guidance for LNAV, QNH mis setting events from the ground or airborne side have been reported for LNAV/VNAV. Air France asks for getting away of QNH issues in the future EGNOS LPV are high performance/safety approaches, and highly appreciated by equipped users, even wrt ILS Cat I
PBN AVIONICS FORECASTS Major European aircraft & avionics manufacturers participate to DSNA PBN implementation WG: Airbus, Airbus Helicopters ATR Dassault Aviation Thales Avionics, Rockwell Collins Positive feedback and interest expressed from all to continue LPV implementation over product lines. Concerning Airbus: Airbus A350 has sold the SBAS/GBAS option to most customers Airbus A300 600 SBAS LPV solution certified through Beluga LPV program Airbus now evaluating an SBAS retrofit solution for A320 Future multiconstellation GNSS avionics will include SBAS as a basic function DSNA understanding from manufacturers feedback is that it is worth continuing investing in SBAS (EGNOS) procedures deployment, while of course continuing supporting other equipped users. 10
PRECISION GNSS APPROACHES DSNA preferred solution for GNSS CAT I is PBN (with SBAS) SBAS is free, and has no airport infrastructure costs DSNA supports a GBAS Cat I station at Toulouse Blagnac, but no user request/plans for further GBAS Cat I deployment Very limited GBAS Cat I deployment also observed/planned in other European countries DSNA supports R&D for CAT II/III GBAS SESAR station deployed at Toulouse Blagnac ICAO SARPs planned by this year But still technical isues to solve to achieve CAT II/III Ionospheric monitoring, Monitors Vulnerability to Interf, Field Strength Runway Coverage, And also operational concerns to resolve How to give operational benefits to airports and users? Main aim is to increase airport capability in Low Visibility Procedures conditions This will be explored within a DSNA CDG 2025 program (not yet launched) 11
SBAS OR GPS RAIM FOR ADS B? A study conducted by DSNA has shown the benefits of SBAS vs. GPS/RAIM to support future US and EU ADS B mandates: ADS B availability with SBAS is 100% Meeting a performance comparable with radar availability requirements (99,9%) ADS B availability with GPS RAIM is within 88% to 98%, depending on GPS constellation satellite status Unsufficient performance with respect to radar availability requirements (99,9 %) Expected to create ATC management issues of ADS B disruptions Operational restrictions for users (potential fligh delay) 12
SYNTHESIS OF NAVIGATION AND SURVEILLANCE BENEFITS VS. GNSS TECHNOLOGY Oceanic and Remote areas Approach and Landing Surveillance (> 99,9 % Availability) Accuracy Containment (95%) (10 7) NACp 5 NIC 4 10 Nm RNAV 10 NACp 5 NIC 4 4 Nm RNP 4 NACp 7/8 NIC 6/7 5 Nm En Route RNAV 5 NACp 7/8 NIC 6/7 1 Nm RNP 1 1 Nm Terminal NACp 7/8 NIC 5/7 RNAV 1 RNP 1 NACp 7/8 NIC 5/7 0,3 Nm LNAV NACp 7/8 NIC 6/7 0,1 0,3 Nm RNP AR NACp 7/8 NIC 5/7 16 m/ 4m LPV 250 NACp 7/8 NIC 5/7 16 m/4 m LPV 200 TBD TBD TBD Cat I/II Autoland Navigation (> 99,0 % Availability) Accuracy Containment (95%) (10 7) 20 Nm 8 Nm 10 Nm 2 Nm 2 Nm 0,6 Nm 0,1 0,3 Nm 40 m/50 m 40 m/35 m TBD Positioning sensor Dual Freq SBAS Single Freq SBAS GPS 13
SUMMARY OF DSNA VIEWS DSNA implements PBN according to user needs, and also in view to reduce its costs DSNA is committed to serve at best all airspace users,taking account of the diversity of their avionics SBAS/EGNOS is seen as a free of charge, performing, mature and here to stay technology, supporting navigation and surveillance performance requirements GBAS Cat I ground stations deployment potential seems limited due to ground infrastructure costs GBAS Cat III has potential, but needs resolution of technical and operational challenges, to deliver significant benefits 14
Thank you for your attention Any question? Ministère de l'écologie, du Développement durable, et de l Énergie