Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Information System (VMNIS) WHO Global Database on Vitamin A Deficiency The Vitamin A Deficiency database includes data by country based on xerophthalmia and/or serum or plasma retinol concentration Last Updated: 2006-11-13 Level Date Location and sample descriptor Sex Prevalence of xerophthalmia (%) Age Sample Prevalence (%) (years) size Current Previous X1B X2 X3A X3B XS <0.35 <0.70 < 1.05 XN XN Serum / plasma retinol concentration (µmol/l) N 2003-2004 National: Women: Total F 15.00-49.99 4162 7.50 5190 1 Women by age F 15.00-19.99 755 7.00 2 Women by age F 20.00-24.99 1067 7.30 3 Women by age F 25.00-29.99 993 6.30 4 Women by age F 30.00-34.99 628 7.40 5 Women by age F 35.00-49.99 719 10.00 6 Women by area: Urban F 15.00-49.99 823 4.70 7 Women by area: Rural F 15.00-49.99 3339 8.20 8 Women by province: Antananarivo F 15.00-49.99 1170 5.50 9 Women by province: Antsiranana F 15.00-49.99 284 1.70 10 Women by province: Fianarantsou F 15.00-49.99 916 3.30 11 Women by province: Mahajanga F 15.00-49.99 611 6.40 12 Women by province: Toamasina F 15.00-49.99 641.20 13 Women by province: Toliara F 15.00-49.99 539 15.30 Mean SD Reference Notes General Line N 2000 National: Pre-SAC B 0.50-4.99 586 1.70 0.51 5090 National: Women F 15.00-49.99 297 12.10 8.80 0.70 National: Pre-SAC B 0.50-4.99 584 6.1 42.1 0.84 0.44 National: Women F 15.00-49.99 296 28.6 1.32 0.64 D 2000 4 districts: Women: Total F 15.00-49.99 1025 33.36 5640 Women by district: Brickaville F 15.00-49.99 243 23.60 Women by district: Fianaranstsoa 2 F 15.00-49.99 237 41.20 Women by district: Miarinarivo F 15.00-49.99 306 32.90 Women by district: Toamasina 2 F 15.00-49.99 239 35.40 4 districts: Women: Total F 15.00-49.99 531 Women by physiological status: NPNLW F 15.00-49.99 270 Women by physiological status: PW F 15.00-49.99 61 Women by physiological status: LW F 15.00-49.99 200 NPNLW by district: Brickaville F 15.00-49.99 75 NPNLW by district: Fianarantsoa 2 F 15.00-49.99 96 NPNLW by district: Miarinarivo F 15.00-49.99 46 NPNLW by district: Toamasina 2 F 15.00-49.99 53 PW by district: Brickaville F 15.00-49.99 PW by district: Fianarantsoa 2 F 15.00-49.99 22 PW by district: Miarinarivo F 15.00-49.99 11 PW by district: Toamasina 2 F 15.00-49.99 LW by district: Brickaville F 15.00-49.99 39 32.2 24.8 39.3 40.0 9.3 15.6 76.1 18.9 28.6 18.2 90.9 42.9 12.8
Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Information System (VMNIS) WHO Global Database on Vitamin A Deficiency The Vitamin A Deficiency database includes data by country based on xerophthalmia and/or serum or plasma retinol concentration Last Updated: 2006-11-13 Prevalence of xerophthalmia (%) Serum / plasma retinol concentration (µmol/l) Level Date Location and sample descriptor Sex Age Sample Prevalence (%) (years) size Current Previous X1B X2 X3A X3B XS <0.35 <0.70 < 1.05 XN XN Mean SD Reference Notes General Line D 2000 LW by district: Fianarantsoa 2 F 15.00-49.99 54 11.1 5640 LW by district: Miarinarivo F 15.00-49.99 72 84.7 LW by district: Toamasina 2 F 15.00-49.99 35 22.9 N 1997 National: Pre-SAC: Total B 1.50-2.99 1593 1.90 2273 National: PW: Total F 15.00-49.99 722 3.10 Pre-SAC by sex F 1.50-2.99 819 1.20 Pre-SAC by sex M 1.50-2.99 774 2.60 Pre-SAC by area: Urban B 1.50-2.99 331 2.90 15 Pre-SAC by area: Rural B 1.50-2.99 1262 1.60 Pre-SAC by province: Antananarivo B 1.50-2.99 503 2.20 Pre-SAC by province: Antsiranana B 1.50-2.99 110 1.10 Pre-SAC by province: Fianarantsoa B 1.50-2.99 353 1.70 Pre-SAC by province: Mahajanga B 1.50-2.99 2 1.90 Pre-SAC by province: Toamasina B 1.50-2.99 223 1.60 Pre-SAC by province: Toliara B 1.50-2.99 190 2.40 PW by age F 15.00-24.99 333 2.20 PW by age F 25.00-34.99 290 3.50 PW by age F 35.00-49.99 99 5.00 PW by area: Urban F 15.00-49.99 7 5.80 16 PW by area: Rural F 15.00-49.99 575 2.40 PW by province: Antananarivo F 15.00-49.99 199 3.20 PW by province: Antsiranana F 15.00-49.99 51 0.00 PW by province: Fianarantsoa F 15.00-49.99 162 0.80 PW by province: Mahajanga F 15.00-49.99 79 1.00 PW by province: Toamasina F 15.00-49.99 120 8.60 PW by province: Toliara F 15.00-49.99 110 3.30
NOTES Reference No: 5190 General notes: Two-stage PPS cluster sampling stratified by urban/rural and province strata. Data representative by area and province. Sample comprised of women who gave birth in the 5 years preceding the survey. Previous XN is XN during previous pregnancy, for women with two or more live births in the five-year period, data refer to the most recent birth. Note 1 XN prevalence adjusted for daytime visual problems: 1.00% Note 2 XN prevalence adjusted for daytime visual problems: 1.40% Note 3 XN prevalence adjusted for daytime visual problems: 1.20% Note 4 XN prevalence adjusted for daytime visual problems: 0.20% Note 5 XN prevalence adjusted for daytime visual problems: 0.50% Note 6 XN prevalence adjusted for daytime visual problems: 1.50% Note 7 XN prevalence adjusted for daytime visual problems: 0.80% Note 8 XN prevalence adjusted for daytime visual problems: 1.00% Note 9 XN prevalence adjusted for daytime visual problems: 0.40% Note 10 XN prevalence adjusted for daytime visual problems: 0.40% Note 11 XN prevalence adjusted for daytime visual problems: 0.60% Note 12 XN prevalence adjusted for daytime visual problems: 2.10% Note 13 XN prevalence adjusted for daytime visual problems: 2.10% Note XN prevalence adjusted for daytime visual problems: 0.20% Reference No: 5090 General notes: Multi-stage PPS cluster sampling. Reference No: 5640 General notes: Multi-stage PPS cluster sampling, stratified by district and "fokontany" within district. Reference No: 2273 General notes: Two-stage cluster sampling stratified by urban/rural areas. Same survey reported in reference No. 1630 (different analysis and report). Note 15 Urban area includes Antananarivo (capital) and other cities. Note 16 Urban area includes Antananarivo (capital) and other cities.
R E F E R E N C E S Reference 2273 Reference 5090 Reference 5190 Reference 5640 Direction de la Démographiqie et des Statistiques Sociales, Institut National de la Statistique, Macro International Inc. Enquête Démographique et de Santé Madagascar 1997 [Demographic Health Survey Madagascar 1997]. 1997. Razafiarisoa Berthine. Enquête sur la carence en vitamine A chez les femmes et les enfants en enquête sur l'anémie chez les écoliers de 6 à ans, Madagascar 2000. Washington, DC, United States Agency for International Development Micronutrient Program, 2001. Institut National de la Statistique, Ministère de l'economie, des Finances et du Budget. Enquête Démographique et de Santé Madagascar 2003-2004 [Demographic Health Survey Madagascar 2003-2004]. Calverton, MD, ORC Macro, 2005. Programme National de Sécurité Alimentaire et Nutritionnelle (PNSAN). Resultats de l'enquete sur les femmes dans 4 districts sanitaires: Brickaville, Toamasina 2, Fianarantsoa 2 et Miarinarivo, 03 au 18 November 2000; draft. Programme National de Sécurité Alimentaire et Nutritionnelle, 2001.
ADDITIONAL REFERENCES Reference 1630 Reference 4861 Reference 5637 Haggerty P, Girerd Barclay E, Dustagheer A, Randrianiriana August H, Rakotonirina S, Razafiariosoa B. Nutrition en Afrique, nutrition et santé des jeunes enfant et de leur mère à Madagascar: résultats de l'enquête Démographique et de Santé, Madagascar 1997. Calverton, MD, United States Agency for International Development/Macro International Inc, 1999. [Anonymous]. MICS 2000 Madagascar [rapport complet] [MICS 2000 Madagascar, complete report]. Antananarivo, United Nations Children's Fund, 2000. Rakotonirina SC. Rapport de la mini enquete sur la supplementation en vitamine A Madagascar (Décembre 2003). Madagascar, MOST The USAID Micronutrient Program, 2003.