WÄRTSILÄ Multi fuel capability, high efficiency, and creating flexibility with Generation Resources: Internal Combustion Engines John Robbins John.robbins@Wartsila.com Office 503 432 8335 Cell 503 720 3081
About Wärtsilä Power PLANTs MARINE Services Started in 1834, HQ Helsinki $6 billion annual sales 19,000 employees in over 70 countries 650 employees US / Canada ENGINE MANUFACTURER
These are two stroke, Slow Speed engines. For powering ships like the Emma Maersk
Power Plants 4 stroke engines Typical exterior and interior
Wärtsilä Power Plants Worldwide USA +2,500 MW Europe Output: 12.3 GW Plants: 1802 Americas Output: 11.5 GW Plants: 405 Total Output: 56.2 GW Plants: 4,742 Engines: 10,802 Countries: 170 Asia Output: 19.8 GW Plants: 1662 Flexible baseload Grid stability & peaking Industrial self generation Oil & gas Africa & Middle East Output: 12.6 GW Plants: 873
Wärtsilä Dual Fuel Engines 20V34DF 18V50DF Output 8,439 kwe 17,076 kwe Heat Rate (HHV)* 8,711 Btu/kWh 8,697 Btu/kWh Speed 720 rpm 514 rpm Dimensions (L/WH) 42 x 11 x 15 143 US tons 63 x 18 x 21 391 US tons * At generator terminals (0% tolerance) when operating on natural gas with 1% liquid pilot fuel
Fuel flexibility Multi fuel solutions which can flexibly change between fuels (liquid and gas) on line. Solutions for: Natural gas and biogases with back up fuel Liquid fuels (LBF, LFO, HFO) Renewable fuels Fuel conversions
Dual Fuel applications References Power Plants Merchant Offshore Cruise and Ferry Navy Others DF Power Plant 67 installations 354 engines Output 4600 MW Online since1997 LNGC 141 vessels 567 engines Multigas Carrier 5 vessels 20 engines Conversion 1 Chem. Tanker Ro Ro 2 vessels 8engines OSV s 31 vessels 96 engines Production 2 platform 9 FPSO s 1 FSO 40 engines LNG Cruise ferry 1 vessels 4 engines Complete gas train LNG ferries 5 ferries 20 engines Complete gas train Coastal Patrol DF-propulsion DF main and auxiliary engines TUG 2 vessel 2 engines each Mechanical drive Guide Ship 1 vessel /engine IWW 2 vessel 3 engines 6 segments > 1,000 engines > 9,500,000 running hours Wärtsilä
What are grid operators looking for? Survey of 33 grid operators, 72% of global wind capacity Flexible Generation! 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% From Figure 38, Jones, LE (2013) http://www1.eere.energy.gov/wind/pdfs/doe _wind_integration_report.pdf
Flexibility vs. Electrical Efficiency 50% Net Electrical Efficiency CCGT s ICE CC ICE SC 40% Coal Aero- GT s 30% Nuclear Industrial GT s Starting time Ramp rate Part load operation Flexibility Low Medium High
Loading sequences for different power plants Load % 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Additional power from Wärtsilä plant 5 minutes to full load! Load % 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 mins 0 Coal Fired power plant Combined Cycle power plant (GTCC) Industrial GT power plant (GTSC) 12.5/25min Aeroderivative GT power plant (GTSC) (6/10min) Combustion Engine power plant (1min)
Operational Flexibility Fast Start 800 700 90 seconds to sync, <2.5 minutes to 30% load, 5 minutes to full load 5 100 600 80 500 Speed / rpm 400 300 3 4 30% 60 40 Power / % 200 100 0 1 2 1. Start up conditions + HT water temperature >158 F 2. Start up preparations 3. Speed acceleration and synchronisation 4. Loading within 3.5 min 5. Full power reached within 5 min 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390 20 0 Start signal Time / sec Ṁinimum up time 0 minutes, shutdown 1 minute, minimum down time 5 minutes
Best simple cycle efficiency Highest simple cycle electrical efficiency (> 46%) Engines have high part load efficiency Typical net plant heat rate of 8300 Btu/kWh HHV at 95 F High plant efficiency over a wide load range
Efficiency Multi engine solution allows for a excellent part load efficiency with a plant turn down ratio of 30% Net Plant Efficiency (%) 45 % Part load efficiency N 3 units N 2 units N 1 units N units 40 10 Recip Engines 35 30 25 20 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 Plant Load (%) Note: Gas turbine performances by GTPro / 15 C / 10 bar Natural Gas % 15
No start penalties & No start up costs Unlimited starts & stops with no impact on cost or maintenance schedule. This is unique, no other competing technology offers the same. Dispatcher s dream plant Plains End 227 MW Colorado
Minimum water use Engine plants minimize not only fuel but also water consumption thereby providing major environmental benefits. These plants use a closed loop cooling system that requires minimal water Simple Cycle water consumption = 2 gal/engine/week 17
Low pressure gas Engine power plants use low pressure natural gas (85 psig). No need for aux. gas compressor or high pressure gas line
Aesthetics Powerhouse design makes the project look like a warehouse. No visible smoke, fumes or steam release 19 Wärtsilä October 29, 2015 M. Harrer
Case study: Plains End, CO Wind generation drops from 700 MW to 350 MW during 1 hour Screen shot from Colorado Dispatch Center, Xcel Energy, USA PLAINS END GENERATING FACILITY CO, USA Type: Grid stability Engines: 20 x Wärtsilä 18V34SG 14 x Wärtsilä 20V34SG Total output: 227 MW Fuel: Natural gas Installed: 2002 and 2008 The Plains End Generation facility is balancing Colorado s 1000 MW wind power capacity Remote controlled from Colorado Dispatch Center Grid stability Power Plants based on reciprocating gas engine gensets is started, providing fast reaction to the change (red and white curves)
Availability and reliability MW 22x18V50SG Firm capacity Days MW CCGT (2-2-1) Firm capacity Days Comparison
W34SG OPERATIONAL TREND DATA FOR WÄRTSILÄ 34SG 100 97.7 99.6 97.2 98.9 98.0 99.5 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 Availability % Reliability % MTTR (hours) 20 10 0 2010 1.4 2011 1.6 2012 1.7 Starting reliability: 99% 22 Wärtsilä 29 October 2015
Recent Wärtsilä Flexible Power Plants Plains End I / II, Colorado, 227 MW Barrick, Nevada, 116 MW Midwest Energy, Kansas, 76 MW STEC Pearsall Texas 203 MW STEC 2, Texas, 221 MW Golden Spread Texas 170 MW PG&E Port Westward, Portland 220 MW Pacific Gas, Humboldt Bay CA 163 MW Matanuska Electric Alaska 171 MW
171 MW, Palmer, Alaska, USA Eklutna Generating Station Customer Type Operating mode Gensets Total output Fuel Scope Matanuska Electric Association (Utility) Wärtsilä 50DF multi fuel power plant Flexible baseload 10 x Wärtsilä 18V50DF 171 MW Delivered 2015 Natural gas, LFO Equipment Delivery In the event of a natural disaster such as an earthquake, these engines can switch fuels without a hiccup. Joe Griffith, MEA General Manager WÄRTSILÄ POWER PLANTS
Wärtsilä Smart Power Generation Hawaii 34DF 25 Wärtsilä 29 October 2015 Hawaiian Electric Company, Oahu (pending PUC approval) 6 x 20V34DF 50 MW
162 MW, Eureka, California, USA Humboldt Bay Power Plant Customer Type Operating mode Gensets Total output Fuel Scope Pacific Gas & Electric Co (Utility) Wärtsilä 50DF multi fuel power plant Flexible baseload 10 x Wärtsilä 18V50DF 162 MW Natural gas, LFO EPC Delivered 2011 WÄRTSILÄ POWER PLANTS Our technology offers high simple cycle efficiency on full and part load as well as other ancillary service benefits that make the Wärtsilä solution a natural choice for this operation. Frank Donnelly, Vice President, Power Plants, Wärtsilä North America
220 MW, Clatskanie, Oregon, USA The Port Westward Unit 2 Customer Type Operating mode Portland General Electric Company (Utility) Wärtsilä 50SG gas power plant Peaking & Renewable Integration Gensets Total output Fuel Scope 12 x Wärtsilä 18V50SG 220 MW Natural gas EEQ Delivered 2014 WÄRTSILÄ POWER PLANTS
49 MW, Modesto, California, USA The Woodland 3 Generating Station Customer Type Operating mode Gensets Modesto Irrigation District Wärtsilä 34SG gas power plant Peaking & Renewable Integration 6 x Wärtsilä 20V34SG Total output 49 MW Fuel Natural gas Scope EEQ Delivered 2011 WÄRTSILÄ POWER PLANTS Not only have the Wärtsilä units allowed MID to maximize its usage of renewable energy, it has optimized the efficiency of MID s entire generation portfolio. Martin Caballero MID AB1257 Staff Workshop Responses
231 MW, Plains End I and II, Golden, Colorado Plains End I and II Customer TYR Energy (IPP) Type Operating mode Wärtsilä 34SG gas grid stability Peaking & Renewable Integration Gensets 20 x Wärtsilä 18V34SG, 14 x Wärtsilä 20V34SG Total output Fuel Scope 118 MW, 113 MW Natural gas Delivered 2001, 2006 EPC (I), Equipment Delivery (II) WÄRTSILÄ POWER PLANTS During breakfast and dinner hours demand increases and the plant follows this perfectly. This is the way. This is the future. Kent L. Fickett, former Senior Vice President of PG&E National Energy Group (predecessor of NEGT)