SESAR RPAS Definition Phase Results & Way Forward Denis Koehl Senior Advisor SESAR Joint Undertaking Brussels - December 2 nd 2014
Content The Rationale The EC Mandate Requirements & Challenges SESAR RPAS Demonstration Projects Civil RPAS Integration into the European Aviation System (RPAS Definition Phase) 2
The Rationale
SESAR ConOps and RPAS SESAR ConOps fully recognises RPAS: The Concept of Operations at a Glance (definition phase) updated to solve deficiencies in relation to military and GA/R operational needs and constraints This ConOps responds to the operational vision and operational objectives developed by the airspace users with due regard to the evolving capabilities and requirements of service providers and airports, whilst considering the characteristics of every type of aircraft that requires access to the airspace 4
Accommodation or Integration? Accommodation Integration The answer is Integration 5
Integration challenges Performance Data-Link / Spectrum Detect & Avoid 6
Types of Operations Instrument Flight Rules or IFR Visual Flight Rules or VFR 500 ft------------------------------------------------ 500 ft Very Low Level Operations Visual Line of sight (VLOS) Extended-Visual line of sight (E-VLOS) Beyond visual line of sight (B-VLOS) 7
IFR/VFR - Timeframe 2014-2028 Large R&D effort identified Detect & avoid Airspace and Airports access C2 communications Human factors Contingency Security SESAR compliance 8
B-VLOS - Timeframe 2014-2020 Large R&D effort identified Detect & avoid (replicate the human ability to see & avoid) C2 communications Human factors including mixed fleet compatibility Contingency Security SESAR compliance B-VLOS below 500ft is completely new to aviation 9
European RPAS R&D Roadmap Timeline 10
In a Nutshell RPAS will generate the emergence of a new service sector RPAS limited by flight authorisations not aligned one-another and limited to segregated airspace Need to develop a seamless regulatory framework and enhance the coordination of various on-going R&D initiatives A broad, safe and swift RPAS integration into the EU civil aviation system requires an enhanced coordination between the numerous actors and the different activities involved (regulatory, R&D and others) RPAS integration in airspace will be gradual and subsequently alleviated as soon as technology, regulation and societal acceptance progress 11
The European Commission Mandate
Mandat Address the R&D requirements related to RPAS integration into the European civil aviation system Aim: integrate RPAS in the aviation system In line with the European for RPAS integration Identify what are the essential R&D activities Funded under Horizon 2020 13
Requirements & Challenges
Requirements & Challenges Requirements for RPAS integration are linked to the European ATM Master Plan and the ICAO Global Plan/ASBU timeline RPAS will have to fit into the ATM system (and not the reverse), with required adaptations to enable the safe integration of unmanned systems RPAS will have to prove to be as safe as current manned vehicle operations and, their behaviour in operations, to be equivalent to manned aviation, in particular for air traffic control Thus, RPAS integration into the Aviation System shall comply with: existing and consider future regulations and procedures developments the SESAR CONOPS(trajectory management) ATC rules/procedures capability requirements applicable to the airspace within which they operate And not to: impact negatively the operations of the current system and its performance compromise existing aviation safety levels nor increase risk levels. The way RPAS operations will be conducted, as regard to ATM operations has to be equivalent to manned aircraft 15
Initial Findings from SESAR RPAS Demo Projects (1/2) Normal RPAS Operation: Unmanned aircraft made little or no difference to ATM operations speed differentials for some RPAS compared to commercial aviation posed more of a challenge but well within ability of ATCOs R-T for normal operation was the same as manned aviation considered more predictable sector handover identified no issues no significant increase in ATCO workload ATCOs developed techniques for RPAS operations Operational transponder considered essential Control Station handovers seamless, but RPAS pilots should ensure that handovers do not coincide with sector handovers should be as transparent as possible to the ATCO 16
Initial Findings from SESAR RPAS Demo Projects (2/2) Abnormal Events and Situations: Increase in ATCO workload consistent with manned aviation Slow speed of RPAS was considered positive and negative RPAS considered significantly more predictable than manned aviation Backup communication between ATSU and RPAS Pilot worked well in simulations specific procedures required Sector Handovers gave no problems 17
Civil RPAS Integration into the European Aviation System ------ SESAR 2020 RPAS Definition Phase
Necessity of the SESAR RPAS 2020 Definition Phase Refine the essential R&D activities for the integration in the EU Aviation System in the context of the Single European Sky initiative, as of 2016 and beyond Identify globally interoperable and harmonised ATM requirements and enablers to meet the performance requirements Produce a R&D and Validation programme - including planning, costs and priorities, as required by the different identified ATM requirements and enablers Establish a high level implementation timeline, including costs and priorities Provide material supporting the alignment of the legislative, financial and regulatory frameworks required for the deployment, including incentive mechanisms Structure and organise the RPAS R&D needs to anticipate the 2015 update of the European ATM Master Plan 19
20 or how do we get there?
SESAR RPAS Definition Phase The RPAS Definition Phase will result in the following activities: Regulatory and Business Framework Performance Requirements and Assessment Operational Changes in ATM Enabling Systems Validation Needs SESAR RPAS R&D Programme requirements and outline Input to the EU ATM Master Plan There is not intend to define a separate RPAS SESAR Programme for R&D 21
Roles and allocation of work Act. # 1 - IFR/VFR & BVLOS - D&A (2013-2018) - Saab Act. # 2 - IFR/VFR & (B)VLOS - Comms C2 data link - Honeywell Act. # 3 - IFR/VFR & BVLOS - Airspace Access and Airport Operations - CANSO Act. # 4 - IFR/VFR & (B)VLOS - Contingency (2014-2018) - Airbus Act. # 5 - IFR/VFR and BVLOS - Human Factors (2014-2019) - Eurocontrol Act. # 6 - Security (2013-2018) - SESAR JU Act. # 7 - Demonstrations of best practices (2013-2016) - SESAR JU 22
Roles and allocation of work RPAS activities IFR, VFR & B-VLOS: D&A, Comms C2 Data, Airspace Access, Human Factors, Contingency Security - Demonstrations of best practices Integration RPAS into SESAR 2020 Enhanced Arrivals & Departures, Integrated Surface Management, Airport Safety Nets, Advanced Airspace Management, Separation Management TMA & En-route, Trajectory & Performance Based Free Routing, Enhanced Air & Ground Safety Nets, CNS, 4D Trajectory Management, AVS, SWIM, Common Services, CWP/HMI SESAR Projects 23
Building SESAR 2020 24
SESAR New Membership Accession Process Phase 1 Preselection July October 2014 Launch of the CFI (closed) Evaluation of applications (closed) ADB Decision authorising negotiations with candidate members and entrusting the Executive Director to negotiate the conditions of accession Notification of outcomes of the evaluation & invitation to participate in Dialogue Phase (end October 2014) Phase 2 Dialogue Nov. 2014 March 2015 Dialogue on technical content (November 2014 March 2015) Dialogue on contractual and financial conditions based on current MA-MFA principles (December 2014 March 2015) Closure of dialogue IBAFO (including final DOW and agreements) (March 2015) Phase 3 Selection Q2-Q3 2015 Evaluation of BAFO Award of membership on the basis of BAFO value for money 25
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