The Necessity of Migration Management in the Ile-de-France Region (France) Balázs Kotosz Corvinus University of Budapest balazs.kotosz@uni-corvinus.hu Structure of the paper 1. the extensively multicultural overseas departments of France 2. the distribution of the population of Paris suburban area by different socio-economic criterion 3. immigrants from the Overseas s in the Ile-de-France Region 2008.05.02. CoDe Workshop Balázs Kotosz 2 1
Data and sources All data is based on census (last in 1999) no question about: minority religion 2008.05.02. CoDe Workshop Balázs Kotosz 3 Overseas France 2008.05.02. CoDe Workshop Balázs Kotosz 4 2
Overseas France Territory Area Population (1999) Maritime zone km 2 % thousands % km 2 % French Overseas 599,701 50.4 2,236 3.7 10,802,125 97.6 Republic of France 1,110,071 100.0 61,589 100.0 11,062,415 100.0 Administrative unit GDP billions % PPP GDP/inhabitant EU15 = 100% EU25 = 100% Unemployment rate % Guadeloupe 6.7 0.4 14296.1 60.3 65.8 26.9 Martinique 6.6 0.4 15963.1 67.3 73.4 22.3 French Guyana 2.4 0.2 12516.4 52.8 57.6 24.5 Reunion 10.5 0.7 13093.3 55.2 60.2 32.9 DOMs 26.2 1.7 13968.8 58.9 64.3 28.3 France 1,585.2 100.0 24212.8 102.1 111.4 9.3 2008.05.02. CoDe Workshop Balázs Kotosz 5 Citizenship and ethnicity in DOM the official data the reality Native French French by acquisition European Other Guadeloupe 93.9 1.1 0.6 4.4 Martinique 98.4 0.6 0.1 0.8 French Guyana 66.2 4.0 0.5 29.2 Reunion 98.5 1.0 0.1 0.4 Guadeloupe: major ethnic group is the Creole Guadeloupian (96%) Martinique: major group is the Creole Martiniquian, 9 % of the population is white French Guyana: major ethnic group is the Creole Reunion: six seventh of the population forms the Creole majority 2008.05.02. CoDe Workshop Balázs Kotosz 6 3
Ile-de-France 2008.05.02. CoDe Workshop Balázs Kotosz 7 Ile-de-France 11 million inhabitants (Paris 2.1 millions) 12,000 km 2 Citizenship (in percent): Native French by European Other Maghreb French acquisition Union foreign Paris (75) 78.14 7.36 4.30 3.52 6.68 Seine-et-Marne (77) 86.95 5.38 3.49 1.72 2.45 Yvelines (78) 86.15 4.95 3.98 2.80 2.11 Essone (91) 86.06 5.69 3.52 2.14 2.58 Hauts-de-Seine (92) 81.91 6.57 3.54 4.30 3.68 Seine-Saint-Denis (93) 72.13 9.15 4.05 7.06 7.60 Val-de-Marne (94) 80.58 7.61 4.48 3.40 3.93 Val d Oise (95) 82.19 7.01 3.25 3.45 4.11 81.33 6.79 3.88 3.62 4.39 2008.05.02. CoDe Workshop Balázs Kotosz 8 4
The proportion of women in Ile-de-France Native French by European Other Maghreb French acquisition Union foreign Paris (75) 53.8 54.0 53.4 41.9 49.9 53.1 Seine-et-Marne (77) 50.9 52.9 46.3 44.4 51.4 50.7 Yvelines (78) 51.1 53.3 48.8 44.3 50.6 50.9 Essone (91) 51.1 52.2 46.7 41.7 49.0 50.7 Hauts-de-Seine (92) 52.7 53.7 51.3 42.1 51.9 52.2 Seine-Saint-Denis (93) 52.3 51.3 47.3 44.5 47.1 51.0 Val-de-Marne (94) 52.5 52.3 48.1 42.2 48.5 51.8 Val d Oise (95) 51.4 52.0 47.2 45.1 49.9 51.0 attention to Maghrebian! 2008.05.02. CoDe Workshop Balázs Kotosz 9 Average number of inhabitants per accommodation in Ile-de-France Native French by French acquisition EU-15 Maghreb Turkish Other foreign Paris (75) 1.76 2.24 2.13 2.52 2.88 2.39 1.87 Seine-et-Marne (77) 2.61 3.20 3.15 4.22 4.54 3.79 2.73 Yvelines (78) 2.53 2.99 3.08 4.32 4.30 3.79 2.65 Essone (91) 2.52 3.10 3.12 4.09 4.37 3.72 2.64 Hauts-de-Seine (92) 2.12 2.63 2.63 3.20 3.23 2.87 2.25 Seine-St-Denis (93) 2.27 3.13 2.95 3.78 4.12 3.55 2.59 Val-de-Marne (94) 2.23 2.89 2.95 3.61 3.68 3.29 2.41 Val d Oise (95) 2.56 3.31 3.14 4.19 4.59 4.01 2.75 2008.05.02. CoDe Workshop Balázs Kotosz 10 5
Average age in Ile-de-France by place of birth Same Same Metropolitan department region France TOM countries Paris (75) 32.7 33.1 37.7 39.9 44.7 39.3 Seine-et-Marne (77) 28.4 30.3 34.0 38.5 43.8 35.3 Yvelines (78) 24.4 29.8 34.8 38.0 43.6 36.0 Essone (91) 23.3 29.9 34.6 37.6 43.7 35.9 Hauts-de-Seine (92) 25.2 31.0 36.0 37.8 44.3 37.5 Seine-St-Denis (93) 23.4 28.3 32.6 37.8 42.7 35.2 Val-de-Marne (94) 24.0 30.7 35.4 38.3 44.5 37.1 Val d Oise (95) 23.3 28.9 33.1 38.7 43.2 34.9 by place of residence in 1990 Same Same Ile-de- Other Metropolitan region TOM accommodation department France countries Paris (75) 49.1 43.1 41.5 29.4 27.5 30.2 Seine-et-Marne (77) 42.3 37.5 36.0 29.0 24.9 26.5 Yvelines (78) 44.0 38.5 37.1 28.4 26.1 27.2 Essone (91) 43.7 38.2 36.8 28.2 24.3 26.5 Hauts-de-Seine (92) 47.0 41.2 39.0 28.5 25.9 28.1 Seine-St-Denis (93) 42.3 37.5 36.1 28.3 24.7 26.1 Val-de-Marne (94) 45.3 40.0 38.2 29.4 25.8 27.3 Val d Oise (95) 41.8 37.0 35.6 28.7 24.1 26.1 2008.05.02. CoDe Workshop Balázs Kotosz 11 Activity and unemployment rate in Ile-de-France (by place of birth) activity unemployment Same Ile-de- Other Metropolitan region TOM countries department France Paris (75) 36.8 42.8 61.5 68.3 61.3 53.1 Seine-et-Marne (77) 37.2 42.7 59.0 78.5 63.0 49.2 Yvelines (78) 33.8 40.6 58.2 76.1 59.8 48.6 Essone (91) 31.8 41.9 59.1 76.2 62.3 49.6 Hauts-de-Seine (92) 36.1 41.4 61.0 75.4 61.6 50.9 Seine-St-Denis (93) 34.0 38.8 56.7 78.6 62.2 48.7 Val-de-Marne (94) 34.1 41.5 59.0 77.0 63.0 50.3 Val d Oise (95) 32.4 41.1 57.8 77.9 61.5 48.8 Same Ile-de- Other Metropolitan region TOM countries department France Paris (75) 12.5 11.6 8.4 14.6 17.4 12.0 Seine-et-Marne (77) 11.1 10.1 7.3 10.2 15.9 10.2 Yvelines (78) 10.1 9.0 5.9 10.4 13.3 8.7 Essone (91) 10.6 9.3 6.0 10.1 16.0 9.5 Hauts-de-Seine (92) 12.1 10.3 6.0 10.3 16.5 10.3 Seine-St-Denis (93) 17.1 15.1 9.8 13.6 25.2 17.2 Val-de-Marne (94) 12.4 11.2 7.1 10.3 18.5 11.8 Val d Oise (95) 12.5 11.0 7.4 10.6 20.0 12.0 2008.05.02. CoDe Workshop Balázs Kotosz 12 6
Activity and unemployment rate in Ile-de-France (by place of residence in 1990) activity unemployment Same Ile-de- Other Metropolitan region TOM countries accommodation France Paris (75) 43.4 51.1 68.7 55.8 50.1 53.1 Seine-et-Marne (77) 45.7 48.9 56.1 56.0 41.2 49.2 Yvelines (78) 44.0 47.9 57.3 56.9 41.2 48.6 Essone (91) 45.4 49.2 57.5 55.7 40.4 49.6 Hauts-de-Seine (92) 42.7 49.2 68.4 58.6 47.0 50.9 Seine-St-Denis (93) 44.5 48.2 62.2 60.0 43.0 48.7 Val-de-Marne (94) 44.3 49.4 63.5 58.1 45.2 50.3 Val d Oise (95) 45.4 48.6 55.8 54.4 39.6 48.8 Same Ile-de- Other Metropolitan region TOM countries accommodation France Paris (75) 13.2 12.4 8.6 17.4 15.6 12.0 Seine-et-Marne (77) 10.2 10.0 9.7 17.1 21.4 10.2 Yvelines (78) 9.6 8.8 6.4 11.9 13.3 8.7 Essone (91) 9.8 9.3 7.6 18.2 22.7 9.5 Hauts-de-Seine (92) 11.9 10.6 5.9 14.8 17.0 10.3 Seine-St-Denis (93) 17.1 16.6 13.5 22.2 32.7 17.2 Val-de-Marne (94) 12.5 11.7 8.1 17.6 22.8 11.8 Val d Oise (95) 12.3 11.7 9.7 20.9 28.2 12.0 2008.05.02. CoDe Workshop Balázs Kotosz 13 Socio-professional status of immigrants in Ile-de-France (distribution, in percent, by place of residence in 1990) all Socio-professional status Ile-de-France Other France DOM TOM foreign countries Active 48.6 62.4 54.4 43.2 Retired 15.7 3.9 1.7 2.2 Other inactive 35.7 33.7 43.9 54.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 active Socio-professional status Ile-de-France Other France DOM TOM foreign countries Farmer 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 Craft, shopkeeper 5.6 2.4 1.7 4.9 Executive, intellectual 20.2 30.5 10.1 24.8 Intermediate profession 24.9 27.4 19.5 17.4 Employee 30.1 29.9 47.7 29.6 Worker 19.0 9.8 21.0 23.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2008.05.02. CoDe Workshop Balázs Kotosz 14 7
General conclusion Ile-de-France region is a multicultural region One of the most attractive virtues of Paris is its labour market pool. The most colourful area is Seine-Saint-Denis (93). Seine-Saint-Denis is in the worst situation, though it attracts the most immigrants from the overseas and Maghrebian regions. This type of multiculturalism leads to monoculturalism by creating poor ghettos. Former immigrants are in relatively good situation in the labour market, the new wave has little chance to find a job. the social tension will grow and the events of November 2005 will flare up again and again 2008.05.02. CoDe Workshop Balázs Kotosz 15 Immigrants from DOMs The immigrants from the French overseas departments are in a special position. Their French citizenship even if their cultural attitude is different gives them more chance in metropolitan life. They form middle course between really inner migration and Arab immigration both in labour market and cultural aspect. 2008.05.02. CoDe Workshop Balázs Kotosz 16 8
Thank you for your attention! Balázs Kotosz Corvinus University of Budapest balazs.kotosz@uni-corvinus.hu 9