Liner Market Shares Liner Market Shares Carriers Fleets Evolution of carriers fleets CONTENTS Evolution of main carriers operated fleets 1996-214 Graph - Evolution of main carriers market shares 1996-214 (yearly) Graph - Evolution of TOP 8 carriers fleets - September 25 to January 214 (monthly) Graph - Evolution of cumulated TOP 1 carriers market share 2-214 Series of 22 carriers fleet graphs with corporate data * > A.P. Möller-Maersk > Mediterranean Shipping Co (MSC) > Evergreen Group > Hapag-Lloyd > China Shipping Container Line (CSCL) > COSCO Container Line (COSCON) > Hanjin Shipping > NOL-APL > Nippon Yusen Kaisha (NYK) > Mitsui-OSK Lines (MOL) > Kawasaki Line (K Line) > Orient Overseas Container Line (OOCL) > Yang Ming Line > Zim Integrated Shipping Services Ltd (ZISS) > CSAV Group > Hamburg Süd Group > Hyundai M.M. > Pacific International Lines (PIL) > Wan Hai Lines > United Arab Shipping Co (UASC) > MISC Berhad (ceased liner trading in 212) > Iran Republic Islamic Shipping Lines (IRISL) / HDS Lines Notes > The carriers market shares are based on the nominal capacity of the existing operated fleets > Corporate summaries are extracted from detailed facts published in Alphaliner online platform and publications > The graphs are derived from historical figures extracted from the Alphaliner containership database > The chartered component started to be compiled at 1st Jan 2 Alphaliner is a leading provider of liner market intelligence, with customers including all the major container shipping operators, the leading containership owners and brokers, as well as banks, ship investment funds, port authorities, logistics companies and shippers. The Alphaliner proprietary database harbours an unrivalled wealth of information on the liner shipping industry and on containerships. Its periodical publications provide a constant follow up of the evolution of the container shipping market. The information enclosed in the present document is given as guidance only and in good faith without guarantee. The present document is for the private use of Alphaliner subscribers. General Alphaliner user terms and conditions apply to this document.
Evolution of market shares 1996-214 - Main Carriers - Source : Alphaliner 2% 18% 16% 14% 12% 1% 8% 6% 4% 2% % 1996 1997 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 APM-Maersk MSC CMA CGM Group Evergreen Group Hapag-Lloyd COSCO Container L. CSCL Hanjin APL CSAV 1999-213
2% 18% Evolution of Global market shares - Main carriers From September 25 to January 214 Source : Alphaliner 16% 14% 12% APM-Maersk MSC CMA CGM Group Evergreen Group Hapag-Lloyd APL COSCON CSAV 1% 8% 6% 4% 2% % This graph shows the evolution of the global market shares of the TOP 8 carriers since September 25 when P&O Nedlloyd was purchased by APM-Maersk and CP Ships was purchased by TUI / Hapag-Lloyd Graph based on total existing fleets including idle ships
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 TOP 1 Carriers 12,, 7% 1,, 6% 5% 8,, 4% 6,, 3% 4,, 2% 2,, 1% % > The cumulated fleets of the TOP 1 carriers have quadrupled between Jan 2 and Jan 212 > The market share of the TOP 1 carriers has increased from 5% to 63% from 2 to 212 (TOP 1 peak year) > The market share of the TOP 1 carriers has regressed from 62.9% to 62.3% during the year 212
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 A.P. Möller-Maersk 3,, 2% 18% 2,5, 16% 2,, 14% 12% 1,5, 1% 8% 1,, 6% 5, 4% 2% % Corporate facts : * A.P. Möller-Maersk is listed on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange A.P. Möller-Maersk was founded in 1886 by Captain Peter Maersk Möller > 1928 - Creation of the 'Maersk Line' brand when A.P. Möller entered the liner trades > 1987 - A.P. Möller (APM) bought Franco-Belgian Services (FBS), a CMCR / CMB joint operation CMCR ( Cie Maritime des Chargeurs Réunis - France) and CMB (Cie Maritime Belge - Belgium) > 1993 - A.P. Möller (APM) bought the Europe-FE services of East Asiatic Company (EAC) > 1999 - A.P. Möller (APM) bought Safmarine > 1999 - A.P. Möller (APM) bought Sea-Land Service > 22 - A.P. Möller (APM) bought Torm Liner service > 25 - A.P. Möller (APM) bought Royal P&O Nedlloyd > 211 - A.P. Möller-Maersk creates the 'Seago Line' to cater for intra Europe services Note on brand : The brand 'Maersk Sealand' has been used from Dec 1999 to Feb 26 Note : For more details on APM-M transactions : See www.alphaliner.com / Maersk Line (Compiled since 2)
2,5, Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 MSC 16% 14% 2,, 12% 1,5, 1% 8% 1,, 6% 5, 4% 2% % Corporate facts : * MSC is a private company (not listed) > MSC was founded in 197 > MSC growth has been mostly organic, except for two small takeovers : > 23 - Absorption of WEC services within the MSC network > 26 - Absorption of HMS services within the MSC network (Both WEC and HMS were divisions of Docra Holdings, Netherlands) (Compiled since 2)
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 CMA CGM Group 1,6, 9% 1,4, 8% 1,2, 7% 1,, 6% 5% 8, 4% 6, 3% 4, 2% 2, 1% % Corporate facts : * CMA CGM is a private company (not listed) > CMA was created in 1978 / CGM was created in 1973 with roots in the 185s > 1996 - CMA obtained the right to buy state-owned CGM - Merger effective 1999 > 1998 - CMA CGM bought the liner division of ANL > 22 - CMA CGM bought MacAndrews services from Andrew Weir > 25 - CMA CGM bought Delmas and SudCargos > 27 - CMA CGM bought Cheng Lie Navigation, CoMaNav and US Lines > 211 - Yildirim Group (Turkey) purchased CMA CGM bonds redeemable in 2% equity > 212 - Yildirim and FSI* purchased CMA CGM bonds redeemable resp. in 4% and 6% equity FSI : Fonds Stratégique d Investissement : French sovereign wealth fund (Compiled since 2)
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 Evergreen Line 9, 7% 8, 6% 7, 5% 6, 5, 4% 4, 3% 3, 2% 2, 1, 1% % Corporate : * EMC (Evergreen Marine Corporation) is the Taiwan listed shipping arm of the Evergreen Group * Other Evergreen shipping arms are privately owned > Evergreen Line was founded in 1968 > Pre-22 Figures include Uniglory (an Evergreen subsidiary merged within main brand in 22) > 1998 - Evergreen Group bought Lloyd Triestino (ren. Italia Marittima in 26) > 27 - Creation of Evergreen Line (rebranding) EMC : Evergreen Marine Corporation is an operating division of the Evergreen Group (Compiled since 2)
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 Hapag-Lloyd 8, 7, 5% 5% 6, 4% 4% 5, 3% 4, 3% 3, 2% 2, 2% 1% 1, 1% % Corporate facts : * Parent company TUI AG until 29 is listed on the DAX Stock Exchange > 1971 - Formation of Hapag-Lloyd A.G. through the merger of Hamburg Amerika Packetfahrt A.G. (1847) and Norddeutscher Lloyd (1857) > 198 - Hapag-Lloyd bought the container services of bankrupted DDG Hansa > 1997 - Preussag bought Hapag-Lloyd shares that it did not hold (up to 99.4%) > 22 - Preussag was restyled TUI AG > 22 - Hapag-Lloyd de-listed - It became a 1% subsidiary of TUI AG > 25 - TUI AG bought CP Ships - integrated within Hapag-Lloyd > 29 - Hapag-Lloyd sold by TUI AG to Albert Ballin Consortium, Hamburg - TUI retains 38.4% in the Albert Ballin Consortium (reduced from an initial 43%) - Hapag-Lloyd Holding GmbH & Co. KG owns 61.6% of the Albert Ballin Consortium - Hapag-Lloyd Holding GmbH & Co. KG shareholders include : Kühne Holding (4%) + HGV (City of Hamburg) (38.2%) + others (21.5% ) > 212 (June) - TUI AG sold a further 17.4% stake in Hapag-Lloyd to the Albert Ballin consortium, reducing its stake in the carrier to 22.1%. > 214 - Hapag-Lloyd AG and CSAV agreed to merge CSAV s container business with Hapag-Lloyd in a new entity owned by CSAV (3%), HGV (26%), Kühne Maritime (2%) and TUI AG (15%) (Compiled since 2)
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 CSCL 7, 5% 6, 4% 4% 5, 3% 4, 3% 3, 2% 2% 2, 1% 1, 1% % Corporate facts : * CSCL is listed on the Hong Kong and Shanghai Stock Exchanges > 1997 - CSCL was formed on 28 August 1997 under the umbrella of the China Shipping Group (CSG), Shanghai > 24 - CSCL was listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange > 27 - CSCL was listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange (Compiled since 2)
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 COSCO Container Line (COSCON) 9, 6% 8, 5% 7, 6, 4% 5, 3% 4, 3, 2% 2, 1% 1, % Corporate fact * Parent company COSCO Holdings is listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange > 1961 - Creation of China Ocean Shipping Company (COSCO), Beijin (State-owned) > 1977 - COSCO's Shanghai branch inaugurates first container service > 1993 - Creation of COSCON (Shanghai) by COSCO (Beijin) (State-owned) > 25 - COSCON ownership passed to China COSCO Holdings in view of IPO > 25 - China COSCO Holdings is listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (Compiled since 2)
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 Hanjin Shipping 7, 6% 6, 5% 5, 4% 4, 3% 3, 2% 2, 1, 1% % Corporate facts : * Hanjin Shipping is listed on the Seoul Stock Exchange > 1988 - Hanjin Shipping Co Ltd was formed through the merging of Hanjin C.L. with the Korea Shipping Corp. (KSC), better known as the KS Line > 1997 - Hanjin bought 7% of Senator Linie, Germany (The above graph includes the fleet of Senator Linie from 1 Jan 1998) > 29 - Senator Linie ceased trading - Hanjin took over its activities (effective 1st March 29) > 213 - Korean Air took a 15.4% stake as security in exchange for financial aid > 214 - Hanjin Shipping Holdings, controlling 36.2% of Hanjin Shipping, is to be split into two separate entities. Hanjin Shipping will be merged with the shipping holdings of Hanjin Shipping Holdings, and will come under the control of the Hanjin Group (Compiled since 2)
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 NOL-APL 7, 4.5% 6, 4.% 3.5% 5, 3.% 4, 2.5% 3, 2.% 1.5% 2, 1.% 1,.5%.% Corporate facts : * NOL is listed on the Singapore Stock Exchange > 1968 - NOL (Neptune Orient Lines) was formed by the Singapore government > 1981 : NOL was listed on the Singapore Stock Exchange Temasek Holdings (Singapore government investment vehicle) stake was reduced to around 3%. > 1997 - NOL bought APL (USA) The APL network was merged with the NOL one under the APL brand (The graph shows the NOL fleet for the years 1996-97) > 24 - Temasek boosted its share in NOL from 3% to 68.6% (share then oscillates near this figure) (Compiled since 2)
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 NYK 5, 4.% 45, 3.8% 4, 3.6% 35, 3.4% 3, 3.2% 25, 3.% 2, 2.8% 15, 2.6% 1, 2.4% 5, 2.2% 2.% Corporate facts : * NYK is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange > (Nippon Yusen Kabushiki Kaisha = 'Japanese Steam Navigation Co') > 1885 - Mitsubishi Mail Steamship Co and Kyodo Unyu merge to form NYK > 1964 - NYK merged with the Mitsubishi Shipping Co, creating the modern NYK > 1969 - A reorganisation of Japan's shipping led TSK in the hands of NYK TSK : Tokyo Senpaku Kaisha (formed 1949) - became NYK intra Asia arm > 1991 - NYK took over Nippon Liner System (NLS) > 25 - TSK and NYK Ltd spin off their respective Japan-based operations to set up 'NYK Line Japan Ltd', a domestic general agency renamed NYK Container Line Ltd in Nov 21 > 21 (November) - TSK is absorbed within NYK Container Line Ltd > The NYK fleet (graph) includes TSK (Compiled since 2)
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 MOL 6, 3.4% 5, 3.2% 3.% 4, 2.8% 3, 2.6% 2, 2.4% 1, 2.2% 2.% Corporate facts : * MOL is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange > 1878 - Foundation of Mitsui Steamship Co > 1884 - Foundation of Osaka Shosen Kaisha (OSK) > 1964 - Mitsui Steamship Co and OSK merged to form Mitsui-OSK Lines (MOL) > 1999 - MOL bought Navix Line Ltd (comprising 5% of Interasia Lines, later reduced to 43.75%) > 25 - Wan Hai Line (Japan) Ltd purchased the 43.75% MOL share in Interasia Lines (IAL) (giving Wan Hai-related interests the full control of Interasia Lines) (Compiled since 2)
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 K Line 4, 3.% 35, 2.8% 3, 2.6% 25, 2.4% 2, 2.2% 15, 1, 2.% 5, 1.8% 1.6% Data based on fleet at 1st Januaries Corporate facts : * K Line is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange > K Line is the trade name for the shipping activities of Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha > 1919 - KKK was established to take in charge ships built by the Kawasaki yard > 1924 - KKK and Kawasaki Yard teamed up with Kokusai Kisen to form 'K Line' > 1964 - KKK merged with Iino Kisen Kaisha, leading to the modern 'K Line' > 22 - 'K Line' has created a separate liner division (Compiled since 2)
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 OOCL 5, 3.% 45, 4, 2.8% 35, 2.6% 3, 2.4% 25, 2, 2.2% 15, 2.% 1, 5, 1.8% 1.6% Corporate fact * Parent company OOIL is listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange > OOCL is the trade name for Orient Overseas Container Line Limited > OOCL Ltd is a subsidiary of Orient Overseas (International) Ltd (OOIL) > Origins : OOCL's founder Chao-Yung Tung (C.Y. Tung) purchased a steamer in 1932 > C.Y. Tung establishes the 'Orient Overseas Line' (OOL) in 1947 > The OOL became OOCL in 1969 as the company develops container shipping activities > 1973 - Restructuration - Orient Overseas Container (Holdings) Ltd is listed on the HKSE > 198-84 - OOCL took full control of Furness Withy (UK) and of Dart Container Line > 1985 - Restructuration - OOIL was created as a 65% subsidiary of the publicly traded OOHL > 1992 - OOIL absorbed OOHL in 1992 and replaced it as the publicly quoted arm (Compiled since 2)
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 Yang Ming 4, 2.6% 35, 2.4% 3, 25, 2.2% 2, 15, 2.% 1, 1.8% 5, 1.6% Corporate : * Yang Ming Marine Transport Corp. is listed on the Taipei Stock Exchange > Yang Ming is the trading name of the Yang Ming Marine Transport Corp. > The Yang Ming Marine Transport Corp. was formed on 28 December 1972 (State-owned) > 1992 - Yang Ming Marine Transport Corp. was listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange > 1996 - Considered privatised (more than 5% in private hands) (Compiled since 2)
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 Zim (ZISS) 35, 2.8% 3, 2.6% 25, 2, 2.4% 15, 2.2% 1, 2.% 5, 1.8% Corporate facts : * Parent company Israel Corp. is listed on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange > 1945 - Zim Israel Navigation is created as a state-owned company > 1999 - Privatisation process started with Ofer Group buying a 53% share in Israel Corp., which in turn owns 48.9% of Zim > 24 - The Israel Corp. acquired the state s 49% shares in Zim, increasing its share to 98% > 24 - 'Zim Israel Navigation Co Ltd' renamed 'Zim Integrated Shipping Services Ltd' (ZISS) > 28 - Following a rights issue, the Israel Corp has increased its holdings in Zim to 99.1% > 214 - The Israeli government may waive its golden share in Zim under a proposed restructuring plan through which shareholding of Israel Corp. would be cut from 99.7% to about 32%. The golden share, granted in 1995, provides veto powers to the Israeli government on certain strategic matters including any change in ownership. (Compiled since 2)
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 CSAV Group 7, 4.% 6, 3.5% 5, 3.% 2.5% 4, 2.% 3, 1.5% 2, 1.% 1,.5%.% Corporate facts : * CSAV is listed on the Santiago Stock Exchange > 1872 - Compañia Nacional de Vapores and Compañia Chilena de Vapores merge to form CSAV (Compañia Sud Americana de Vapores) > 1999 - CSAV took a controlling share (75%) of Libra Navegacao (Brasil) > 1999 - CSAV took a controlling share (7%) of Montemar (Uruguay) > 2 - CSAV bought Norasia's liner services (Norasia Container Line) > 26 - Norasia Container Line was renamed CSAV Norasia > 211 - Luksic group (Chile) took a 2.6% stake in CSAV (Claro family Marinsa s stake : 2.6%) > 212 - Luksic group stake increased to 37.4%,while Marinsa stake reduced to 12.4% following a recapitalisation exercise completed in Feb 212 > 213 - Luksic group stake increased to 45.9% while Marinsa stake reduced to 9.7% following a recapitalisation exercise completed in Sep 213 > 214 - Hapag-Lloyd AG and CSAV agreed to merge CSAV s container business with Hapag-Lloyd in a new entity in which CSAV is expected to control 34%. (Compiled since 2)
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 Hamburg Süd Group 5, 45, 2.5% 4, 2.% 35, 3, 1.5% 25, 2, 1.% 15, 1,.5% 5,.% Corporate facts : * Hamburg Süd and parent co. Oetker Group are private companies (not listed) Hamburg Südamerikanische D.G. (created 1871) is a division of the Hamburg-based Oetker Group > Takeovers - 1956 : Deutsche Levante Linie / 1967 : Atlas Levante Linie / 1986 : Deutsche Nah-Ost Linien > 1989 - Oetker bought 5% of Ybarra y Compania Sudamerica SA (Ybarra Sud) > 199 - Oetker bought several divisions of Furness Withy from OOHL (parent of OOCL) (Houlder Bros, UK-NE division of Manchester Liner, Prince Line, Royal Mail Line, Pacific Steam Navigation) > 199 - Oetker bought the Rotterdam-Zuid America Line (RZAL) from Van Nievelt Goudriaan > 1991 - Oetker bought Laser Lines (Europe-WCSA) from Nordstjernan / Johnson group > 1998 - Oetker Group bought Aliança di Navegaçao, Barbican Line and South Seas Steamship Co > 1999 - Oetker Group bought ECSA division of CAT, South Pacific Container Line and Transroll Europe > 22 - HS bought several trades of Ellerman Line from Andrew Weir (UK) > 23 - HS bought the Kien Hung liner services (Taiwan) > 25 - HS took whole control of Ybarra SA (Spain) > 26 - HS bought the ANZ services of FESCO (Russia) > 27 - HS bought the services of Costa C.L. (Italy) Note : For more details on these transactions : See www.alphaliner.com / Hamburg Süd (Compiled since 2)
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 Hyundai M.M. 4, 2.6% 35, 2.4% 3, 2.2% 25, 2.% 2, 1.8% 15, 1, 1.6% 5, 1.4% 1.2% Corporate facts : * Hyundai Merchant Marine is listed on the Seoul Stock Exchange > 1976 - HMM was founded under the name of Asia Merchant Marine > 1995 - HMM was listed on the Seoul Stock Exchange (Compiled since 2)
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 PIL 4, 2.5% 35, 2.% 3, 25, 1.5% 2, 15, 1.% 1,.5% 5,.% Corporate facts : * PIL is a private company (not listed) > 1967 - Pacific International Lines (PIL) was established in Singapore > 1995 - PIL set up Advance Container Line (ACL - regional feeder subsidiary) > 26 - PIL has purchased a significant interest in Pacific Direct Line (Wallis) > 26 - PIL established Pacific Shipping Trust (PST), a listed shipowning vehicle > 211 - PST delisted following PIL acquisition of outstanding shares (Compiled since 2)
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 Wan Hai Lines 2, 1.4% 18, 16, 1.3% 14, 1.2% 12, 1, 1.1% 8, 6, 1.% 4,.9% 2,.8% Corporate facts : * Wan Hai Lines is listed on the Taipei Stock Exchange > 1965 - Creation of Wan Hai Lines by Dr C.C. Chen > 1992 - Wan Hai (Japan branch) bought a 5% stake in Interasia Lines (IAL) from Navix (Japan) Wan Hai Line (Japan) Ltd bought the remaining shares in Interasia Lines from MOL in 25 Interasia Lines operates on its own although remaining controlled by WH-related interests > 1993 - Wan Hai bought 4% of the National Shipping Corp. of the Philippines > 1996 - Wan Hai Lines Ltd was listed on the Taipei Stock Exchange > 22 - Wan Hai took over the China-USWC service of Trans Pacific Line (Compiled since 2)
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 UASC Share 3, 1.7% 1.6% 25, 1.5% 2, 1.4% 1.3% 15, 1.2% 1, 1.1% 1.% 5,.9%.8% Corporate facts : * UASC is a private company (not listed) > 1976 - Creation of the United Arab Shipping Co (UASC) as a Pan-Arab company incorporated by six states : Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, UAE and Iraq *. Each of the partners had a stake of 19.3%, except Bahrain, with a stake of 3.5%. * The Iraqi share has been frozen since the first Gulf war in 1991. (Compiled since 2)
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-213 MISC Bhd 14, 1.% 12,.9% 1,.8% 8,.7%.6% 6,.5% 4,.4% 2,.3%.2% Corporate facts : * MISC Bhd is listed on the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange > 1968 - The Malaysia International Shipping Company (MISC) was formed by the government of Malaysia > 1997 - State-owned Petronas (Petroliam Nasional Berhad) took 29% of MISC > 1998 - Petronas increased its stake 62.4% in a share swap > 25 - MISC was renamed MISC Berhad > 21 - MISC exited the Far East-Europe trade to focus on Asia and ANZ trades only > 212 - MISC exited container trades (effective in Q2 212) (Compiled since 2)
Evolution of operated fleet - 1996-214 IRIS Lines then HDS Lines 12,.9%.8% 1,.7% 8,.6%.5% 6,.4% 4,.3%.2% 2,.1%.% Corporate fact IRISL is controlled by Iranian pension funds (51%) and the Iran government (49%) > 1968 - The Arya National Shipping Lines (ANSL) was formed by private interests > 1972 - ANSL took over South Shipping Lines-Iran Lines (Iran-FE and Iran-US services) > 198 - ANSL was nationalised under the name of Iran National Shipping Line (INSL) > 1981 - INSL was renamed Iran Republic Islamic Shipping Lines (IRISL) > 23 - IRISL was partly re-privatised with 51% of the shares going to Iranian pension funds > 25-onwards - Intention to list IRISL on the Teheran Stock Exchange > 29 - Hafiz Darya Shipping Co took over the container services of IRISL branding them HDS Lines. HDS is a fully private shipping company incorporated in Iran (Compiled since 2)