AgS-Monitoring Shipbuilding Survey on Employment in European Shipbuilding Countries - Selected Results - Sector Committee Shipbuilding 04.05.2015 - Brussels Thorsten Ludwig
Industry Related Developments 2004-2014 3 yards closed since 2004 Mainly repair (0%), but stable situation for repair and conversion Newbuild only small ships and fishing vessels on small yards 25 shipyards that make ships larger than 40m Approx. 30 repair yards 5 offshore yards 1 bankruptcy since 2004 (Rauma) Mainly newbuilding yards (0%) 3 out of 5 yards changed owner Record of orders for STX in 2014 Recovery of shipbuilding sector in 2014 Stable situation of repair sector no bankruptcies from 2004 to 2014 Mainly repair yards 2 out of 4 yards changed owner Main yards closed activity due to crisis, new ones just start operating 1 bankruptcy from 2004 to 2014 14 yards changed owner Unchanged number of production facilities 4 bankruptcies since 2004 2 out of 12 yards changed owner Division between private and state owned yards: private ones act profitably, efficiently and increase number of employees shipyards closed since 2004 5 bankruptcies since 2010 10 yards changed owner
Employment Related Developments 2004-2014 -41,2% since 2004 Decrease mainly due to bankruptcies (biggest yard 2004 with 2.302 emplyoyee closed), while existing yards mainly increased employment approx. 3.500 on shipyards approx..000 on offshore yards -54,% since 2004 Decrease mainly due to layoffs on existing yards -2,5% since 2004 Decrease mainly due to layoffs on still existing yards However, approx. 12 yards increased employment -30,3% since 2004 Decrease due to layoffs at 2 biggest yards 2004-0% since 200-4,% since 2004 -,1% on biggest shipyard in 2004-5,5% since 2004 Bankcruptcies of two biggest yards 2004 caused decrease of 11.35(5,4% of total decrease) -40,% since 2004 Due to crisis, financial problems and legal uncertainty regarding tax-lease-file, no new jobs hired during last 3 years
Shrinking Employment in Main Shipbuilding Countries since 2004 Development of Employment in European Shipbuilding Countries based on Surveys 2004 and 2015 Country No. of closed shipyards No. of employees 25000-2,5% -5,5% 2310 Denmark 3 2.32 Germany 1 10 Poland 4 11.5 Spain 54 Total 14 15.35 20000 14 15000 13413-40,% 1050 10000 5000 0-41,2% -54,% -30,3% 555 40 202 2515 3420 115 53-4,% 13 4 Denmark Germany Finland France Poland Portugal Spain 423 2004 2014
Orderbook of European Shipbuilding Countries Comparison of 2004 to 2014 (1st Half) 3.000.000 Orderbook by cgt 2.500.000 2.000.000 1.500.000 1.000.000 500.000 0 2004 2014 200 150 Orderbook by Number of Ships 14 13 100 50 0 30 1 5 2 34 0 2 41 24 5 3 35 5 0 2 3 5 0 54 11 2004 2014
Total Orderbook of European Shipbuilding Comparison of 2004 to 2014 (1st Half) 14.000.000 54 00 12.000.000 00 10.000.000 00 cgt.000.000.000.000 11.5.54 44 500 400 300 Number of ships CGT No. 4.000.000.051.000 200 2.000.000 100 0 2004 2014 0
Most challenging Problems in the European Shipbuilding Sector Mean for all replying Countries: Problem Pressure from 1 (no problem) to 10 (big problem) entering new markets (e.g. offshore wind energy) 5, political strategy for the shipbuilding/maritime industry,4 Training of young persons 5,5 Acquisition of new orders, Mean Working conditions at sub-contractors,3 Supply of skilled employees,4 Financing of newbuilding ships,4 1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0,0,0,0,0 10,0
Most Challenging Problems: Financing & Skilled Workers Financing of Newbuilding Ships: Problem Pressure from 1 (no problem) to 10 (big problem) Supply of Skilled Workers: Problem Pressure from 1 (no problem) to 10 (big problem) European Mean,4 European Mean,4 Spain Spain 5 Portugal 10 Portugal Poland Poland Norway Norway Germany Germany France 10 France Finland Finland 3 Denmark Denmark 1 2 3 4 5 10 1 2 3 4 5 10
Most Challenging Problems: Working Conditions & Acquisation Working Conditions Sub-Contractor: Problem Pressure from 1 (no problem) to 10 (big problem) Acquisation New Orders: Problem Pressure from 1 (no problem) to 10 (big problem) European Mean,3 European Mean, Spain 5 Spain Portugal Portugal Poland Poland Norway Norway Germany 10 Germany France 4 France Finland Finland Denmark 2 Denmark 1 2 3 4 5 10 1 2 3 4 5 10
Most Challenging Problems: Training & Political Strategy Training Young Persons: Problem Pressure from 1 (no problem) to 10 (big problem) Political Strategy Shipbuilding: Problem Pressure from 1 (no problem) to 10 (big problem) European Mean 5,5 European Mean,4 Spain 5 Spain Portugal Portugal 10 Poland Poland 10 Norway Norway Germany 4 Germany France 5 France 4 Finland 3 Finland 3 Denmark 5 Denmark 2 1 2 3 4 5 10 1 2 3 4 5 10
Most Challenging Problems: Entering New Markets Entering New Markets: Problem Pressure from 1 (no problem) to 10 (big problem) European Mean 5, Spain Portugal Poland Norway Germany France Finland 4 Denmark 3 1 2 3 4 5 10
Country Profile: Denmark Employment: -41,2% decrease mainly due to bankruptcies 4 of 5 still existing yards recorded increase of +50% Main Developments: Most Challenging Problems entering new markets (e.g. offshore 3 political strategy for the 2 Training of young persons 5 Acquisition of new orders Working conditions at sub-contractors 2 Supply of skilled employees Financing of newbuilding ships 3 bankruptcies reported since 2004 more focus on ship repair (0%), conversion, rebuild, green transition and martime supply industries, which are well performing industries only newbuild of small vessels on small yards success in entering Norwegian market for fishing vessels 1 2 3 4 5 10
Country Profile: France Employment: -30,3% decrease since 2004 on 2 biggest yards in 2004 with 500 decrease of -40% and -30% on 3 smaller yards increase between +1% and +% Most Challenging Problems Main Developments: entering new markets (e.g. offshore political strategy for the Training of young persons Acquisition of new orders Working conditions at sub-contractors Supply of skilled employees Financing of newbuilding ships 4 4 5 10 recovery of shipbuilding sector in 2014 record of orders at STX diversifying activities towards offshore market, but diversification is recent stable situation of repair sector 1 2 3 4 5 10
Country Profile: Finland Employment: -54,% decrease mainly due to layoffs on still existing yards yards suffered employment loss between -11% and -% Main Developments: Most Challenging Problems entering new markets (e.g. offshore 4 political strategy for the 3 Training of young persons 3 Acquisition of new orders Working conditions at sub-contractors Supply of skilled employees 3 Financing of newbuilding ships Rauma shipyard closed situation of Technip Pori is bad due to lack of orders, which will also use more subcontractors and foreign sub-contractors internationalization of maritime supply industry better owner for Turku shipyards when STX was replaced by Meyer with more effective production and use of sub-contractors Helsinki shipyard concentrates purely on arctic ships situation for arctic and cruise ships slightly improved 1 2 3 4 5 10
Country Profile: Germany Employment: -2,5% decrease since 2004 decline mainly due to layoffs on still existing yards 3 yards with 1000 employees suffered decrease of -0% BUT: 4 of 2 still existing yards with stable employment or slight increase AND 10 yards with significant increase over +20% Most Challenging Problems Main Developments: political strategy for the Training of young persons Acquisition of new orders Working conditions at sub-contractors Supply of skilled employees Financing of newbuilding ships 4 10 1 bankruptcy reported since 2004 Main Challenges: 1 2 3 4 5 10
Country Profile: Norway Employment: 2/3 (.000 from 10.500) of employees work on offshore yards Main Developments: Most Challenging Problems entering new markets (e.g. offshore political strategy for the Training of young persons Acquisition of new orders Working conditions at sub-contractors Supply of skilled employees Financing of newbuilding ships 1 2 3 4 5 10 no serious crisis effect 0% of ships built are offshore vessels no significant change since 2010 economic situation of yards has improved Main Challenges: low cost competition from South-East Asia rise of precarious work in Norway
Country Profile: Poland Employment: -5,5% decrease since 2004 Bankcruptcies of two biggest yards 2004 caused decrease of 11.35(5,4% of total decrease) Especially yards with 1000 in 2004 suffered employment decline between -25% and -0% Smaller yards mostly recorded increase between +22% and +50% Most Challenging Problems entering new markets (e.g. offshore political strategy for the Training of young persons Acquisition of new orders Working conditions at sub-contractors Supply of skilled employees Financing of newbuilding ships 1 2 3 4 5 10 Main Developments: 4 bankruptcies reported Division between private and state owned yards: private ones act profitably, efficiently and increase number of employees Main Challenges: continued lack of state policy for the shipbuilding sector
Country Profile: Portugal Employment: -4,% decrease since 2004 decrease mainly due to -% employment decline on biggest yard in 2004 only on 1 of 4 still existing yards employment stable since 2004, all other yards recorded decrease between -23% and -% Main Developments: Most Challenging Problems entering new markets (e.g. offshore political strategy for the 10 Training of young persons Acquisition of new orders Working conditions at sub-contractors Supply of skilled employees Financing of newbuilding ships 10 1 2 3 4 5 10 activity concentrates on repair (only 2,5% of overall activity is newbuild) still suffering from crisis effects turnover of shipbuilding decreased -21% between 2010 and 2013 (-% between 200/2013) Main Challenges: no governmental policy for shipbuilding sector shipbuilding cannot benefit from state aid for innovation and investment
Country Profile: Spain Employment: Most Challenging Problems entering new markets (e.g. offshore political strategy for the Training of young persons Acquisition of new orders Working conditions at sub-contractors Supply of skilled employees Financing of newbuilding ships 1 2 3 4 5 10-40,% decrease since 2004 22 of 2 still existing yards recorded employment decline between -2% and - % on 1 of the biggest yards in 2004 with 1.200 employees employment declined by -5% 23,% of decrease due to bankruptcies no new jobs hired during past three years due to crisis, financial problems and legal uncertainty Main Developments: shipyards are diversifying including new products and new techniques in engineering and production shipyards are trying to enter new markets and analyze alliances with other national and international shipyards