Environment Canada Doug Morris - Air Canada pilot - 16,000 flight hours Certified meteorologist (Environment Canada) Author: From the Flight Deck: Plane Talk and Sky Science Freelance writer, weather instructor for student pilots
Safety, Comfort, Schedule Voted safest airline in the world
Some Aviation Adages Learn from the mistakes of others; you ll not live long enough to make them all yourself. -Transport Canada s safety newsletter If you think safety is expensive, try having an accident. It s better to arrive late in this world, than early in the next. If you want to make a small fortune in aviation, start with a large one. Most dangerous thing about flying is the drive to the airport.
QuickTime and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decom are needed to see this pictu QuickTime and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. 3400 pilots at Air Canada Contract predicated on CARs (Canadian Aviation Regulations) Mandatory retirement: Age 60 Average hiring age:35 Starting salary: $38,000 Forecast shortage of pilots You can wear glasses, four percent female Three ways to become pilot: flight colleges, flying clubs, military About 30 percent bilingual
Joy stick Fly by wire Autothrust Airbus 340
All flights are conducted with SOP s (Standard Operating Procedures) Every flight is performed using checklists (approximately ten) for each phase of flight with everything recorded by cockpit voice recorder All flying is performed using CRM (Crew Resource All flying is performed using CRM (Crew Resource Management) (Must take three day course)
Flight Dispatch
Air Canada Flight Dispatch Total of 650 to 700 flights a day Flight g plan program estimates fuel burn to within 100 kgs and to within one minute. For a trip to Hong Kong from Toronto it requires 150,000 kgs and takes over 15 hours. (Fuel amount can send a Honda Civic around equator 60 times) Accuracy same as driving from Halifax to Vancouver with fuel budget to within 50 cents) Flight dispatch responsible for flight following Total of 16 desks working around the clock Can communicate with them through phone, data link, VHF radio, satellite phone, ARINC (extra radio)
Pilot can t exceed 13 hours duty per day 15 hours with three pilots, 18 with four Can t exceed 40 hours in 7 days (CARs) 120 in one month, 300 in three months, 1200 in one year Can use the f word (fatigue) Can now have controlled naps up to 40 minutes Pilot Crew Rest (Airbus 340)
Weather Contenders Thunderstorms Winds Turbulence Fog Icingi Forecasts Runway y conditions Space Weather
Deicing Clean wing ruling after crash in Dryden, Ontario 1989. No ice or snow can adhere to wings of aircraft. CDF (Central Deice facility) Toronto Each deice truck costs $1 million Typical Airbus 320 takes 300 liters of type I and 250 liters of type IV Liter type I about 1 dollar and near double for type IV
Polar Routes- space weather Cosmic radiation: (four factors) duration of flight, altitude, latitude, solar flares 1 to 5 rating: S5 (extreme) - equivalent to 100 chest x-rays
Staying Current Pilots are tested every six to eight months They must pass a medical every six months over the age of forty Must have annual route checks, annual recurrent ttraining,can i be observed anytime by Transport Canada Flight Simulator
Typical simulator cost - $20 million Cost per hour: $800-$1000 Number of simulators at Air Canada: 11
Air Traffic Control International language is English Standard phraseology Accident: 1978 Cranbrook, B.C Crash trying to avoid collision with snowplow. vacate instead of clear the runway. Standards dictated by ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization)
Aircraft Maintenance 1. Most basic check is walk-around done by pilot 2. Trip check 3. Service check every 48 hours 4. A,C, H checks with H check the most extensive H check aircraft completely dismantled. H check due at 12000 landings or 72 months B767 will take 250 specialists 47 days working three shifts
Tires, brakes and all jet engines leased All tires have individual log books Less wear on engines by not using full power on take off and by not using maximum reverse on landing All snags must be referred to onboard MEL (Minimum Equipment List)
Innovations making aviation safer TCAS (Traffic alert and Collision Avoidance System) On board LLWS (Low Level Wind Shear) detection equipment Weather radar, ice detection systems More automation: auto-land, better autopilots better crew rests, more automated communication FOQA (Flight Operations Quality Assurance) How airplanes are flown (Data taken from Flight Data Recorders)
TCAS Aircraft 2000 feet above
Accidents do happen