Review of Annex B species that were deleted from Appendix III by Ghana in 2007 (Version edited for public release) Prepared for the European Commission Directorate General E - Environment ENV.E.2. Development and Environment by the United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre August, 2007
Prepared and produced by: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK ABOUT UNEP WORLD CONSERVATION MONITORING CENTRE www.unep-wcmc.org The UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre is the biodiversity assessment and policy implementation arm of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the world s foremost intergovernmental environmental organisation. UNEP-WCMC aims to help decisionmakers recognize the value of biodiversity to people everywhere, and to apply this knowledge to all that they do. The Centre s challenge is to transform complex data into policy-relevant information, to build tools and systems for analysis and integration, and to support the needs of nations and the international community as they engage in joint programmes of action. UNEP-WCMC provides objective, scientifically rigorous products and services that include ecosystem assessments, support for implementation of environmental agreements, regional and global biodiversity information, research on threats and impacts, and development of future scenarios for the living world. The contents of this report do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNEP or contributory organisations. The designations employed and the presentations do not imply the expressions of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP, the European Commission or contributory organisations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or its authority, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Table of Contents INTRODUCTION... 2 SPECIES: Agelastes meleagrides... 5 SPECIES: Corythaeola cristata... 7 SPECIES: Crinifer piscator... 11 SPECIES: Musophaga violacea... 14 ANNEX: TRADE TABLES OF ANNEX-A SPEPCIES DELETED FROM CITES APPENDIX III... 18 Anas querquedula... 18 Casmerodius albus (Ardea alba)... 20 Aythya nyroca... 21 Bubulcus ibis... 23 Columba livia... 25 Egretta garzetta... 27 Hystrix cristata... 28 Streptopelia turtur... 30 1
INTRODUCTION In accordance with the provisions of Article XVI, paragraph 3, of CITES, the Government of Ghana withdrew a number of species from Appendix III on 2 nd February 2007 (Notification to the Parties No. 2007/007). The withdrawal took effect on 4 th March 2007. A list of the species withdrawn by Ghana from Appendix III, together with the Annex of EC Reg. 338/97 in which they are listed, is presented in Table 1. While the majority of these species were listed in Annex C, a number are listed in Annexes A and B. UNEP-WCMC was requested to prepare a trade review on those species which are listed on Annex B (i.e. Agelastes meleagrides, Corythaeola cristata, Crinifer piscator and Musophaga violacea) to inform SRG discussions on their potential removal from Annex B. Additionally, trade tables of the species listed on Annex A are presented at the end of the document (see Annex). Mellivora capensis and Dendrocygna bicolor were removed from Appendix III by Ghana, but are also listed in Appendix III by Botswana and Honduras, respectively. Table 1. Species deleted from Appendix III of CITES by Ghana in 2007. Species name EC Annex Epixerus ebii C III (Ghana) Anomalurus beecrofti C III (Ghana) Anomalurus derbianus C III (Ghana) Anomalurus pelii C III (Ghana) Idiurus macrotis C III (Ghana) Hystrix cristata A III (Ghana) CITES Appendix (until deleted by Ghana) Mellivora capensis C III (Botswana/Ghana) Hyemoschus aquaticus C III (Ghana) Damaliscus lunatus C III (Ghana) Tragelaphus eurycerus C III (Ghana) Tragelaphus spekii C III (Ghana) Ardea goliath C III (Ghana) Bubulcus ibis A III (Ghana) Casmerodius albus A III (Ghana) Egretta garzetta A III (Ghana) Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis C III (Ghana) Leptoptilos crumeniferus C III (Ghana) Bostrychia hagedash C III (Ghana) Bostrychia rara C III (Ghana) Threskiornis aethiopicus C III (Ghana) Alopochen aegyptiacus C III (Ghana) Anas acuta C III (Ghana) Anas capensis C III (Ghana) Anas clypeata C III (Ghana) Anas crecca C III (Ghana) Anas penelope C III (Ghana) Anas querquedula A III (Ghana) Aythya nyroca A III (Ghana) Dendrocygna bicolor C III (Ghana/Honduras) Dendrocygna viduata C III (Ghana) Nettapus auritus C III (Ghana) Plectropterus gambensis C III (Ghana) Pteronetta hartlaubii C III (Ghana) 2
Species name EC Annex Agelastes meleagrides B III (Ghana) Columba guinea C III (Ghana) Columba iriditorques C III (Ghana) Columba livia A III (Ghana) Columba unicincta C III (Ghana) Oena capensis C III (Ghana) Streptopelia decipiens C III (Ghana) Streptopelia roseogrisea C III (Ghana) Streptopelia semitorquata C III (Ghana) Streptopelia senegalensis C III (Ghana) Streptopelia turtur A III (Ghana) Streptopelia vinacea C III (Ghana) Treron calva C III (Ghana) Treron waalia C III (Ghana) Turtur abyssinicus C III (Ghana) Turtur afer C III (Ghana) Turtur brehmeri C III (Ghana) Turtur tympanistria C III (Ghana) Psittacula krameri C III (Ghana) Corythaeola cristata B III (Ghana) Crinifer piscator B III (Ghana) Musophaga violacea B III (Ghana) Serinus canicapillus C III (Ghana) Serinus leucopygius C III (Ghana) Serinus mozambicus C III (Ghana) Amadina fasciata C III (Ghana) Amandava subflava C III (Ghana) Estrilda astrild C III (Ghana) Estrilda caerulescens C III (Ghana) Estrilda melpoda C III (Ghana) Estrilda troglodytes C III (Ghana) Lagonosticta rara C III (Ghana) Lagonosticta rubricata C III (Ghana) Lagonosticta rufopicta C III (Ghana) Lagonosticta senegala C III (Ghana) Lagonosticta vinacea C III (Ghana) Lonchura bicolor C III (Ghana) Lonchura cantans C III (Ghana) Lonchura cucullata C III (Ghana) Lonchura fringilloides C III (Ghana) Mandingoa nitidula C III (Ghana) Nesocharis capistrata C III (Ghana) Nigrita bicolor C III (Ghana) Nigrita canicapilla C III (Ghana) Nigrita fusconota C III (Ghana) Nigrita luteifrons C III (Ghana) Ortygospiza atricollis C III (Ghana) Parmoptila rubrifrons C III (Ghana) Pholidornis rushiae C III (Ghana) Pyrenestes ostrinus C III (Ghana) CITES Appendix (until deleted by Ghana) 3
Species name EC Annex Pytilia hypogrammica C III (Ghana) Pytilia phoenicoptera C III (Ghana) Spermophaga haematina C III (Ghana) Uraeginthus bengalus C III (Ghana) Amblyospiza albifrons C III (Ghana) Anaplectes rubriceps C III (Ghana) Anomalospiza imberbis C III (Ghana) Bubalornis albirostris C III (Ghana) Euplectes afer C III (Ghana) Euplectes ardens C III (Ghana) Euplectes franciscanus C III (Ghana) Euplectes hordeaceus C III (Ghana) Euplectes macrourus C III (Ghana) Malimbus cassini C III (Ghana) Malimbus malimbicus C III (Ghana) Malimbus nitens C III (Ghana) Malimbus rubricollis C III (Ghana) Malimbus scutatus C III (Ghana) Pachyphantes superciliosus C III (Ghana) Passer griseus C III (Ghana) Petronia dentata C III (Ghana) Plocepasser superciliosus C III (Ghana) Ploceus albinucha C III (Ghana) Ploceus aurantius C III (Ghana) Ploceus cucullatus C III (Ghana) Ploceus heuglini C III (Ghana) Ploceus luteolus C III (Ghana) Ploceus melanocephalus C III (Ghana) Ploceus nigerrimus C III (Ghana) Ploceus nigricollis C III (Ghana) Ploceus pelzelni C III (Ghana) Ploceus preussi C III (Ghana) Ploceus tricolor C III (Ghana) Ploceus vitellinus C III (Ghana) Quelea erythrops C III (Ghana) Sporopipes frontalis C III (Ghana) Vidua chalybeata C III (Ghana) Vidua interjecta C III (Ghana) Vidua larvaticola C III (Ghana) Vidua macroura C III (Ghana) Vidua orientalis C III (Ghana) Vidua raricola C III (Ghana) Vidua togoensis C III (Ghana) Vidua wilsoni C III (Ghana) Trionyx triunguis C III (Ghana) Pelomedusa subrufa C III (Ghana) Pelusios adansonii C III (Ghana) Pelusios castaneus C III (Ghana) Pelusios gabonensis C III (Ghana) Pelusios niger C III (Ghana) CITES Appendix (until deleted by Ghana) 4
REVIEW OF ANNEX B SPECIES THAT WERE DELETED FROM APPENDIX III (GH) AVES PHASIANIDAE SPECIES: Agelastes meleagrides SYNONYMS: - COMMON NAMES: Hvidbrystet kalkunperlehøne (Danish), Kalkoenparelhoen (Dutch), White-breasted Guineafowl (English), Liberianhelmikana (Finnish), Pintade à poitrine blanche (French), Weißbrustperlhuhn (German), Agelaste (Italian), Pintada de pechuga blanca (Spanish), Pintada pechiblanca (Spanish), Pintado de pecho blanco (Spanish), kalkonpärlhöna (Swedish), vitbröstad pärlhöna (Swedish) RANGE STATES: Côte d'ivoire (br), Ghana (ex?, br),?guinea, Liberia (br), Sierra Leone (br) IUCN RED LIST: Vulnerable (BirdLife 2006) EU DIRECTIVES: - CITES INFORMATION: PREVIOUS EC OPINIONS: Listed in CITES Appendix III by Ghana on 26/02/1976 Listed in Annex B because of global threat status. TRADE: Table 2. All reported direct exports of Agelastes meleagrides. Importer Purpose Term Source Reported by 1989 1990 2003 Total United Arab Em. Qatar P live C Importer 10 10 United States Bermuda T live C Importer 8 8 Jamaica T live C Importer 12 12 Total Importer 10 10 20 20 CONSERVATION STATUS IN RANGE STATES: Agelastes meleagrides occurs in Sierra Leone (Gola Forest region only, population estimated at 5,700-8,700), Liberia (population estimated at more than 10,000 in 1985), Côte d'ivoire (notably Taï National Park, population estimated at 30,000-40,000 in 1990, and two other new sites) and Ghana (population estimated at 1,000 birds, but these could be remnant populations that are not viable and the species may have already been extirpated from small logged forests i.e. up to 100 km2). In 1995, the world population was optimistically estimated at 85,000-115,000. This species is classified as Vulnerable because it is inferred to have suffered a rapid population decline over the last 10 years, based on the rate of forest destruction throughout its range, which is now highly fragmented. It is also heavily persecuted in some parts of its range. This decline is 5
likely to continue in the future, and it is possible the species will disappear from all but a few protected areas. Effective protection is essential for the maximum number of sites where it still occurs. (BirdLife International, 2007). May occur in Guinea (Maclaud, 1906; Halleux, 1994) but requires confirmation. RELEVANT REFERENCES: BirdLife International. 2007. Species factsheet: Agelastes meleagrides. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 4/7/2007 Halleux, D. 1994. Annotated bird list of Macenta Prefecture, Guinea. Malimbus 16(1): 10-29. Maclaud, C. 1906. Notes sur les mammiferes et les oiseaux de l'afrique Occidentale Casamance, Fouta Djalon, Guinée française et portugaise. Paris: G. Vilette. 6
REVIEW OF ANNEX B SPECIES THAT WERE DELETED FROM APPENDIX III (GH) AVES MUSOPHAGIDAE SPECIES: SYNONYMS: COMMON NAMES: RANGE STATES: Corythaeola cristata Musophaga cristata Reuzentoerako (Dutch), Blue Plantain-eater (English), Great Blue Turaco (English), Keisariturako (Finnish), Touraco géant (French), Riesenturako (German), Turaco gigante (Italian), Turaco gigante (Spanish), jätteturako (Swedish) Angola (br?) Burundi (br) Cameroon (br) Central African Republic (br?) Congo (br?) Côte d'ivoire (br) Democratic Republic of the Congo (br) Equatorial Guinea (br) Gabon (br) Ghana (br?) Guinea (br) Guinea-Bissau (br) Kenya (br) Liberia (br) Nigeria (br) Rwanda (br) Sierra Leone (br?) Sudan (br?) Togo (br?) Uganda (br) United Republic of Tanzania (br?) IUCN RED LIST: Least Concern (BirdLife 2006) EU DIRECTIVES: - CITES INFORMATION: PREVIOUS EC OPINIONS: Listed in CITES Appendix III by Ghana on 26/02/1976 Quotas of 3,000 for Guinea-Bissau in 2001, and 1,500 for Congo in 2003 It was listed in Annex B on 01/06/97, based on Turner (1997) who considered that trapping for export could result in depletion of some populations. Its status in the Republic of Congo was reviewed at SRG26 after the establishment of an export quota of 1500 by that country in 2003. However, it was concluded that this quota was not excessive and a positive opinion was introduced on 22/05/2003. Its status in Guinea was reviewed at SRG32, where it was concluded that the recorded level of trade was unlikely to be a threat to the species. It was further suggested that the low level of global trade indicated that the species would be more appropriately listed in Annex C rather than B. TRADE: 7
Table 3. Direct exports of Corythaeola cristata, 1996-2005. Importer Purpose Term Source Reported by 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Belgium Guinea T live W Importer 31 45 20 10 United States P feathers O Importer 1 Czech Rep. Guinea T live W Importer 9 Denmark Guinea T live W Importer 5 France Cameroon H trophies W Importer 2 2 1 3 Germany Guinea T live W Importer 12 14 Hungary Cameroon T live W Importer 10 Italy Guinea T live W Importer 4 10 1 Netherlands Cameroon T live W Importer 9 11 4 Guinea T live W Importer 23 13 17 4 19 33 7 87 67 - live W Importer 7 Uganda T live W Importer 10 12 64 Poland Guinea T live W Importer 10 Portugal Ghana T live W Importer 30 7 10 Guinea T live W Importer 2 4 20 16 24 20 10 4 20 16 25 - live - Importer 10 Spain Guinea T feathers W Importer 9 UK Cameroon T live W Importer live Importer 4 10 7 4 4 12 14 Guinea T live W Importer 24 23 United States live F Importer 1 1 Countries other than EU-27 B,T,Z live C Importer 10 2 5 1 1 8
Importer Purpose Term Source Reported by 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Z live F Importer 1 T, - feathers I Importer 5 30 - skins U Importer 1 live, B,H,P,T,- trophies, W Importer 1 1 1 14 20 26 3 10 7 10 unspec. 61 63 49 12 81 158 P live - Importer 3 CONSERVATION STATUS IN RANGE STATES: This species has a large range, with an estimated global Extent of Occurrence of 3,900,000 km². The global population size has not been quantified, but it is believed to be large as the species is described as 'frequent' in at least parts of its range (del Hoyo and Sargatal, 1997). Global population trends have not been quantified, but populations appear to be stable (del Hoyo et al. 1997) so the species is not believed to approach the thresholds for the population decline criterion of the IUCN Red List (i.e. declining more than 30% in ten years or three generations). For these reasons, the species is evaluated as Least Concern. (BirdLife International, 2007) EU-reported imports of the species fluctuated between 0 and 84 wild-sourced live specimens annually, with a total of 350 live specimens reported between 1996-2005. -reported figures were slightly higher, totalling 540 wild-sourced live individuals for the same period. Guinea was the main exporter. GUINEA: It was recorded in Basse-Guinée by Maclaud (1906) and in primary forest areas on Mt Nimba (Bouet, 1955-1961; Brosset, 1984). It was found to be widespread and not uncommon along well wooded tributaries of the Sassandra basin in October-November 1984 and February-April 1985; in addition, one was seen in the Loffa valley (Walsh, 1987). It was found to be common in primary and secondary forest and wooded edges of old clearings, up to 900 m, in the Macenta region during 1988-1991 (Halleux, 1994). It was frequently recorded on the Kounounkan Massif in 1992 (Hayman et al., 1995). It was rarely encountered in the highlands but found commonly in the lowlands of Pic de Fon Forest Reserve in November and December 2002 (Demey and Rainey, 2004) (UNEP-WCMC, 2005). RELEVANT REFERENCES: BirdLife International. 2007. Species factsheet: Corythaeola cristata. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 4/7/2007 Bouet, G. 1955-1961. Oiseaux de'l Afrique tropicale. Paris: ORSTOM. Brosset, A. 1984. Oiseaux migrateurs Européens hivernant dans la partie Guinéenne du Mont Nimba. 81-101. Demey, R. and Rainey, H. J. 2004. The birds of Pic de Fon Forest Reserve, Guinea: a preliminary survey. Bulletin of the African Bird Club, pp. 126-138... Halleux, D. 1994. Annotated bird list of Macenta Prefecture, Guinea, Malimbus 16(1). pp. 10-29. Hayman, P. V., Prangley, M., Barnett, A. and Diawara, D. 1995. The birds of the Kounounkan Massif, Guinea. Malimbus pp. 53-62... del Hoyo, J. and Sargatal, J. 1997. Handbook of the birds of the world. Vol. 4. Sandgrouse to cuckoos. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. Maclaud, C. 1906. Notes sur les mammiferes et les oiseaux de l'afrique Occidentale Casamance, Fouta Djalon, Guinée française et portugaise. Paris: G. Vilette. 9
Turner, D. A. 1997. Family Musophagidae (turacos). Pp. 480-506 in J. del Hoyo and J. Sargatal (eds.) Handbook of the birds of the world. Vol. 4. Sandgrouse to cuckoos. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. UNEP-WCMC, 2005. UNEP-WCMC review of species subject to negative opinions since 2002 or earlier, excluding corals. Cambridge, UK. Walsh, J. F. 1987. Records of birds seen in north-eastern Guinea in 1984-85. Malimbus 9. pp. 105-122. 10
REVIEW OF ANNEX B SPECIES THAT WERE DELETED FROM APPENDIX III (GH) AVES MUSOPHAGIDAE SPECIES: SYNONYMS: COMMON NAMES: RANGE STATES: Crinifer piscator Crinifer africanus, Falco piscator, Phasianus africanus Grijze bananeneter (Dutch), Grey Plantain-eater (English), Western Grey Plantain-eater (English), Harmaaturako (Finnish), Touraco gris (French), Schwarzschwanz-Lärmvogel (German), Turaco grigio suriano (Italian), Turaco gris occidental (Spanish), gördellarmfågel (Swedish), grå turako (Swedish) Benin (br?) Burkina Faso (br) Cameroon (br?) Central African Republic (br?) Chad (br?) Congo (br?) Côte d'ivoire (br) Democratic Republic of the Congo (br?) Gambia (br) Ghana (br) Guinea (br) Guinea-Bissau (br) Liberia (br) Mali (br) Mauritania (br) Niger (br) Nigeria (br) Senegal (br) Sierra Leone (br) Togo (br) IUCN RED LIST: Least Concern (BirdLife 2007) EU DIRECTIVES: - CITES INFORMATION: PREVIOUS EC OPINIONS: TRADE: Listed in CITES Appendix III by Ghana on 26/02/1976 Quota of 4,000 for Guinea-Bissau in 2001 It was listed in Annex B on 01/06/97, based on Turner (1997) who considered that trapping for export could result in depletion of some populations. Its status in Guinea was reviewed at SRG32, where it was concluded that the recorded level of trade was unlikely to be a threat to the species. It was further suggested that the low level of global trade indicated that the species would be more appropriately listed in Annex C rather than B. Table 4. Direct exports of Crinifer piscator, 1996-2005 Importer Purpose Term Source Reported by 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Belgium Guinea T live W Importer 10 20 1 20 20 20 20 Denmark Guinea T live W Importer 10 France Guinea T live W Importer 16 10 Mali T live W Importer 6 Togo - live W Importer 10 11
Importer Purpose Term Source Reported by 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Germany Guinea T live W Importer 5 Italy Guinea T live W Importer 30 Mali T live W Importer 50 Netherlands Ghana T live W Importer 6 Guinea T live W Importer 10 10 10 50 Togo T live W Importer 17 10 10 20 20 25 Portugal Guinea T live W Importer 21 10 10 8 40 15 20 15 10 20 8 Spain Guinea T live W Importer 200 20 10 20 6 10 United Kingdom Cameroon T live W Importer Countries other than EU-27 30 Guinea T live W Importer 10 Total T,- bodies, live C Importer 20 1 2 1 B,T live W Importer 20 6 12 29 34 20 30 10 6 45 Importer 220 21 46 50 20 7 1 28 72 99 174 51 150 50 30 52 1 38 45 CONSERVATION STATUS IN RANGE STATES: This species has a large range, with an estimated global Extent of Occurrence of 2,900,000 km². The global population size has not been quantified, but it is believed to be large as the species is described as 'common' in at least parts of its range (del Hoyo et al. 1997). Global population trends have not been quantified, but the species is not believed to approach the thresholds for the population decline criterion of the IUCN Red List (i.e. declining more than 30% in ten years or three generations). For these reasons, the species is evaluated as Least Concern. (BirdLife International, 2007) Common resident in wooded savanna belt, from Mauritania to Sierra Leone east to Chad and Central African Republic; also coastal Liberia and Congo along the Congo R (Borrow and Demey, 2001). EU reported imports of the species fluctuated from 220 in 1996 to 0 in 2002 and to 70 in 2005, mainly originating in Guinea. GUINEA: It was reported to be common in Koundara and Gaoual départements in 1987 (Morel and Morel, 1988) and was recorded in the same region by Maclaud (1906). It was found frequently along the coast during visits from 1988 to 1990 (Altenburg and van der Kamp, 1991). It was found to be abundant in savanna woodlands north-west of the Ziama Massif during 1988-1991 (Halleux, 1994). It was recorded from near the coast and at Kindia in the west in 1991 (Demey, 1995). It was frequently recorded on the Kounounkan Massif in 1992 (Hayman et al., 1995). It was commonly recorded in primary woodland and bush in the Parc National du Haut Niger, and in Kouroussa, in 1996-1997 (Nikolaus, 2000) (UNEP-WCMC, 2005). 12
REFERENCES: BirdLife International. 2007. Species factsheet: Crinifer piscator. URL: http://www.birdlife.org Accessed on 4/7/2007 del Hoyo, J. and Sargatal, J. 1997. Handbook of the birds of the world. Vol. 4. Sandgrouse to cuckoos. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. Turner, D. A. 1997. Family Musophagidae (turacos). Pp. 480-506 in J. del Hoyo and J. Sargatal (eds.) Handbook of the birds of the world. Vol. 4. Sandgrouse to cuckoos. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. UNEP-WCMC, 2005. UNEP-WCMC review of species subject to negative opinions since 2002 or earlier, excluding corals. Cambridge, UK. 13
REVIEW OF ANNEX B SPECIES THAT WERE DELETED FROM APPENDIX III (GH) AVES MUSOPHAGIDAE SPECIES: Musophaga violacea SYNONYMS: - COMMON NAMES: Violette toerako (Dutch), Violet Plantain-eater (English), Violet Turaco (English), Punaposkiturako (Finnish), Touraco violet (French), Schildturako (German), Musofaga violacea (Italian), Turaco azul (Spanish), Turaco violáceo (Spanish), bananätare (Swedish), pisangätare (Swedish), violett turako (Swedish) RANGE STATES: Benin (br?) Burkina Faso (br?) Cameroon (br?) Central African Republic (br?) Chad (br?) Côte d'ivoire (br) Gambia (br) Ghana (br?) Guinea (br) Guinea-Bissau (br) Liberia (v) Mali (br?) Niger (br?) Nigeria (br) Senegal (br?) Sierra Leone (v) Togo (br?) IUCN RED LIST: Least Concern (BirdLife, 2007) EU DIRECTIVES: - CITES INFORMATION: PREVIOUS EC OPINIONS: Listed in CITES Appendix III by Ghana on 26/02/1976 It was listed in Annex B on 01/06/97, based on Turner (1997) who considered that trapping for export could result in depletion of some populations. Its status in Guinea was reviewed at SRG32, where it was concluded that the recorded level of trade was unlikely to be a threat to the species. It was further suggested that the fairly substantial level of global trade from 1997-2003 indicated that the species probably warranted retention on Annex B. Guinea (+) 15/03/2005 TRADE: EU-reported imports of the species fluctuated between 114 and 492 live specimens annually for the 1996-2005 period, with a total of 3347 live specimens, the vast majority of them wildsourced. The main exporters were Guinea (2394), Mali (530) and Togo (288). See Table 5 for further details. Table 5. Direct exports of Musophaga violacea, 1996-2005. Importer Purpose Term Source Reported by 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Austria Guinea T live W Importer 10 Belgium Ghana T live W Importer 2 30 12 2 Guinea T live W Importer 40 70 30 40 70 20 20 6 70 120 14
Importer Purpose Term Source Reported by 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Mali T live W Importer 12 Switzerland Z live C Importer 1 Togo T live W Importer 3 17 Czech Rep. Ghana T live W Importer 3 10 5 Guinea T live W Importer 50 Mali T live W Importer 12 50 20 6 Denmark Guinea T live W Importer 30 10 France Guinea T live W Importer 60 50 15 25 10 20 9 60 50 15 75 10 10 Mali T live W Importer 38 122 101 30 36 44 56 76 Togo T live W Importer 40 10 60 35 45 3 40 - live W Importer 12 7 40 65 25 60 20 Germany Guinea T live W Importer 10 10 30 10 10 10 Greece Guinea T live W Importer 7 25 Hungary 7 10 Guinea- Bissau T live W Importer 10 Czech Republic T live F Importer Guinea T live W Importer 8 4 Italy Ghana T live W Importer 28 110 Guinea T live W Importer 98 50 50 56 10 150 70 - live - Importer 22 Mali T live W Importer 10 20 8 8 Senegal - live - Importer 30 Togo T live W Importer 19 Malta Guinea T live W Importer 60 100 140 20 30 Netherlands Guinea T live W Importer 100 10 76 43 40 20 40 124 Mali T live W Importer 40 51 130 125 24 330 190 40 90 15
Importer Purpose Term Source Reported by 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Poland Guinea T live W Importer 14 10 14 Portugal Guinea T live W Importer 38 36 40 30 100 140 150 100 42 46 125 35 30 50 104 Mali T live W Importer 40 Switzerland Z live C Importer 2 Spain Ghana T live W Importer 18 10 1 5 20 Guinea T live W Importer 80 75 110 25 59 9 49 30 46 125 195 70 60 15 Mali T live W Importer 67 32 48 20 Togo T live W Importer 4 UK Ghana T live W Importer 6 Guinea T live W Importer 40 76 10 6 20 20 60 - live I Importer 1 Mali T live W Importer 20 Switzerland Z live C Importer 1 Countries other than EU-27 T live A Importer 2 Total P,S,T,Z feathers, live, specime ns C Importer 1 52 50 2 4 4 10 60 B,P,Q B,P,T 9 9 4 6 1 12 26 10 4 bodies, live F Importer 8 5 11 bodies, live W Importer 4 58 82 20 60 51 80 142 189 172 181 171 148 76 260 229 40 70 39 205 T live - Importer 4 13 12 16 Importer 153 521 501 211 405 464 306 497 666 724 531 508 672 474 955 881 336 614 255 375 CONSERVATION STATUS IN RANGE STATES This species has a large range, with an estimated global Extent of Occurrence of 1,900,000 km². The global population size has not been quantified, but it is believed to be large as the species is described as 'common' in at least parts of its range (del Hoyo et al. 1997). Global population trends have not been quantified, but the species is not believed to approach the thresholds for the population decline criterion of the IUCN Red List (i.e. declining more than 30% in ten years 16
or three generations). For these reasons, the species is evaluated as Least Concern. (BirdLife International, 2007) GUINEA: It was recorded in 1911-1912 by Klaptocz (1913). It was recorded at Dubreka, Mamou and Binton lake in 1966 (Bournonville, 1967). It was occasionally seen at Beyla in the north-east in 1984 (Walsh, 1987). It was reported to be common in Koundara and Gaoual départements in 1987 (Morel and Morel, 1988) and was recorded in the same region by Maclaud (1906). It was commonly recorded in primary woodland in the Parc National du Haut Niger, and at Kouroussa, in 1996-1997 (Nikolaus, 2000) (UNEP-WCMC, 2005). More recently it was found to be fairly common in Dabola Prefecture in December 2002 and November-December 2004 (Aversa, 2007). REFERENCES: Aversa, T. 2007. Bird observations from Dabola Prefecture, Guinea. Bulletin of the African Bird Club 14: 45-54. BirdLife International. 2007. Species factsheet: Musophaga violacea. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 4/7/2007 Bournonville, D. de 1967. Notes d'ornithologie guineenne. Gerfaut 57: 145-158. del Hoyo, J. and Sargatal, J. 1997. Handbook of the birds of the world. Vol. 4. Sandgrouse to cuckoos. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. Klaptocz, A. 1913. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Ornis Französisch Guineas. Journal für Ornitologie 61: 444-455. Maclaud, C. 1906. Notes sur les mammiferes et les oiseaux de l'afrique Occidentale Casamance, Fouta Djalon, Guinée française et portugaise. Paris: G. Vilette. Morel, G. J. and Morel, M.-Y. 1988. Liste des oiseaux de Guinée. Malimbus 10: 143-176. Nikolaus, J. 2000. The birds of the Parc National du Haut Niger, Guinea. Malimbus 22: 1-22. UNEP-WCMC. 2005. UNEP-WCMC Review of species subject to negative opinions since 2002 or earlier, excluding corals. March 2005. Walsh, J. F. 1987. Records of birds seen in north-eastern Guinea in 1984-85. Malimbus 9: 105-122. 17
ANNEX: TRADE TABLES OF ANNEX-A SPEPCIES DELETED FROM CITES APPENDIX III Anas querquedula Table 6. Direct exports, 1996-2005. Importer Term Source Purpose Reported by 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Czech Rep. Germany live C B Importer Italy 4 Z Importer 4 former Yugosl./Serb&Mont bodies W P Importer 55 Romania trophies W H Importer 23 Malta Egypt skins I H Importer 3 1 Russian Fed. bodies W H Importer 50 15 50 50 skins W H Importer 5 12 7 6 trophies W H Importer UK live C B Importer 2 T 6 75 40 Importer 10 skins C - Importer 10 18
Importer Term Source Purpose Reported by 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 I H Importer 1 Poland Germany bodies W E Importer 1 Portugal Guinea live W T Importer UK United States specimens C - Importer Countries other than EU-27 live, bodies 24 16 C B, T, Z, unspec. Importer 4 11 4 18 32 41 21 12 4 live F B Importer 62 22 28 3 9 8 41 21 12 2 2 bodies, skins, trophies W E, P, S, H, T, unspec. Importer 3 1 1 1 1 6 8 19
Casmerodius albus (Ardea alba) Table 7. Main Direct exports, 1996-2005. Importer Term Source Purpose Reported by 1996 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2005 France Brazil feathers W E Importer 4 Peru feathers W Q Importer Venezuela feathers W E Importer 1000 9 Malta Egypt skins I - Importer 4 2 Countries other than EU-27 feathers C E Importer 40 feathers W P,Q Importer 50 trophies - - Importer 1000 8 6 20
Aythya nyroca Table 8. Main Direct exports, 1996-2005. Importer Term Source Purpose Reported by 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2003 2004 Czech Rep. Germany live C Z Importer 5 Netherlands live C T Importer 5 2 Z Importer 2 Slovak Republic live C Z Importer 1 Germany Denmark bodies C T Importer 1 1 Malta Denmark skins R T Importer 2 2 Egypt skins I H Importer 6 1 - Importer 5 United Kingdom live C B Importer 6 Portugal Guinea live W T Importer UK United Kingdom specimens C S Importer United States specimens C - Importer 6 10 20 11 Countries other than EU-27 live C B, T Importer 18 12 9 10 9 21
Importer Term Source Purpose Reported by 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2003 2004 38 12 6 2 9 specimens W S Importer 4 22
Bubulcus ibis Table 9. Direct exports, 1996-2005. Importer Term Source Purpose Reported by 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Belgium Denmark live C Z Importer 10 France live C B Importer 6 Czech Rep. Germany live C Z Importer 10 10 Netherlands live C Z Importer 4 4 Denmark Philippines bodies W T Importer 2 France Czech Rep. live F Z Importer 4 4 Germany Switzerland live C B Importer 6 Z Importer 8 - Importer 12 Malta Egypt skins I - Importer 4 21 Netherlands South Africa trophies W Q Importer 6 Switzerland live C - Importer 6 Poland Belgium live C B Importer 5 23
Importer Term Source Purpose Reported by 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Netherlands live C Z Importer 2 Portugal Switzerland live C Z Importer 10 - Importer UK Switzerland live C Z Importer Countries other than EU-27 10 live C P, T, Z, unspec. Importer 10 22 5 2 16 8 22 22 15 10 live U B Importer 10 Live, bodies, skins, eggs, trophies, specimens, unspecified W H, N, P, S, Z Importer 1 8 3 3 1 2 22 70 2 1 1 1 2 1 24
Columba livia Table 10. Direct exports, 1996-2005. Importer Term Source Purpose Reported by 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 France Senegal live W P Importer 1 Malta Egypt skins I P Importer 2 UK skins I H Importer 2 Portugal South Africa live C T Importer 22 Spain Argentina live C T Importer 6 9 Countries other than EU-27 Cuba live C P Importer 8 21 4 T Importer 162 11 Uruguay live W T Importer 90 Venezuela live C P Importer 8 live, bodies, eggs, trophies, specimens, skeletons C B, H, P, Q, T Importer 278 218 186 42 103 42 27 66 live F P, T Importer 10 46 52 2171 380 129 7981 8341 6294 13 Bodies, feathers, trophies, meat I T Importer 1 1 1 204 2 live O - Importer 20 12 6 25
Importer Term Source Purpose Reported by 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 live, bodies, skins, trophies, specimens, meat (g), skeletons W H, P, S, T Importer 1 6 83 735 27 2 3941 229 12 live - P Importer 15 2 10 2 4 19 77 8 26
Egretta garzetta Table 11. Main direct exports, 1996-2005. Importer Term Source Purpose Reported by 1996 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2005 Belgium France live C B Importer 11 Guinea live W T Importer 12 Czech Rep. Netherlands live C Z Importer 4 6 France South Africa bodies C H Importer 1 T Importer 1 Malta Egypt skins I - Importer 6 UK South Africa eggs C P Importer 2 Countries other than EU-27 live C B, T Importer 1 1 13 13 skins, trophies, specimens, heads W E, H, S, T Importer 1 1 2 1 1 trophies - - Importer 1 1 6 5 27
Hystrix cristata Table 12: Main direct exports, 1996-2005. Importer Term Source Purpose Reported by 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Austria Namibia trophies W H Importer 4 Switzerland live C - Importer 3 Denmark Cote d'ivoire meat I P Importer 1 Latvia small leather products I E Importer 1 Namibia hair W H Importer 543 France Cameroon trophies W H Importer 2 Germany Namibia skulls W P Importer 2 Switzerland live F - Importer 2 Italy Namibia trophies W H Importer 1 Netherlands Czech Rep. live C Z Importer 1 Poland Germany live C Q Importer 1 1 Nigeria derivatives I - Importer 19.3 6900 South Africa derivatives I - Importer 27 28
Importer Term Source Purpose Reported by 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Romania Hungary live C Z Importer Spain Sudan live W T Importer 2 20 Tanzania, United Rep. of trophies W H Importer 2 UK Ghana unspecified W E Importer 4 2 quills W P Importer 3 tails W P Importer 1 United States bodies I - Importer 12 quills I - Importer 12 29
Streptopelia turtur Table 13: Direct exports, 1996-2005. Importer Term Source Purpose Reported by 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Germany South Africa trophies C T Importer 1 W H Importer 2 Greece Bulgaria bodies W H Importer trophies W H Importer Italy Bulgaria bodies W H Importer 2057 1409 410 2722 2414 338 10000 17653 2651 6257 2040 4111 4521 P Importer 900 326 960 841 995 1338 480 trophies W H Importer 2055 4118 former Yugosl./Serb&Mont bodies W T Importer Romania trophies W P Importer 7000 50 Malta Egypt skins I H Importer 1 1 Countries other than EU-27 - Importer 1 live C Q Importer 1 live F P Importer 1 30
Importer Term Source Purpose Reported by 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 bodies, shells I S, unspec. Importer 2 15 live, bodies, trophies, specimens W H, P, S, T Importer 2 4 22 1 8 148 31