You Will Need: Your notebook Your textbook A pencil
Today you will learn about two other kingdoms in Egypt and their effects on ancient civilization. The Middle and New Kingdoms September 2018
Think Back Why was the pharaoh s authority never questioned? What would you do to ensure a good relationship with the pharaoh?
The End of The Old Kingdom At the end of The Old Kingdom, wealth and power of the pharaohs declined. They could not collect enough money for the pyramids and the nobles began to take power. This caused the end of The Old Kingdom.
The Middle Kingdom In 2050 BC, a powerful pharaoh defeated his rivals and united all of Egypt. This rule began The Middle Kingdom and it lasted until 1750 BC. Read page 117. What people group caused the end of The Middle Kingdom?
Hyksos and the End of The Middle Kingdom They were a group from Southwest Asia. The used horses, chariots, and advanced weapons to conquer Lower Egypt. They ruled as pharaohs for 200 years. The Egyptians eventually fought back. In the mid 1500s, Ahmose of Thebes declared himself king and drove the Hyksos out of Egypt.
The New Kingdom This was a time where Egypt reached the highest point of its honor and glory. It lasted from 1550-1050 BC. Conquest and trade brought wealth to the pharaohs.
Building an Empire Leaders feared invasions. They decided to take control and turn Egypt into an empire. First target: Hyksos By the 1400s, Egypt was the leading military power in the region.
Building and Empire Their empire extended from the Euphrates River to southern Nubia.
Military Conquests Military conquests made Egypt rich. The kingdoms it conquered regularly sent treasures to their Egyptian conqueror. Kush sent gold, leopard skins, and precious stones Some other countries sent them gifts to maintain good relations.
Queen Hatshepsut Look at the biography on page 118. Answer the question at the bottom of the paragraph in notebooks. What do you think caused Queen Hatshepsut to dress like a man? https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=s9jmziy_t-c
Trade Conquest brought traders into contact with more distant lands. Trade Routes What do you think these are?
Why did Egyptians Use Trade Routes? Queen Hatsheput established trade routes to strengthen Egypt. They used the money for arts and architecture (monuments and temples).
Invasions Ramses the Great fought the Hittites from Asia Minor He build forts to strengthen the west. Sea Peoples They were strong warriors who we know little about. They fought Egypt for 50 years.
End of the New Kingdom The empire in Asia was gone. After the Hittites and the Sea Peoples, Egypt fell into an era of violence and disorder. Egypt never regained its power.
Work and Daily Life Society became even more complex Jobs were usually passed on within families Boys started learning from a young age from their fathers Scribes, artists, merchants, soldiers, farmers
Quick Write: How would you feel about having the same job as your entire family? Would you like it? Dislike it? Why?
Jobs Page 121 Small group activity Read all of the jobs on page. Come up with a job that you would like to have and a job that you would NOT like to have. Why are all of the jobs listed important in society? Do any of these sound like jobs that we have today?
Family Life Family was highly valued. Sometimes, unmarried female relatives lived with them. Men were expected to marry young and start having children. Women were mainly devoted to their homes, but some had jobs. Women could own property, make contracts and divorce their husbands.
Children Children s lives were not as structured as adults. They had toys like dolls, tops, and animal clay figurines. They played ball games and hunted.
Education Received education At school morals, writing, math, sports Most boys left school at 14 to take the same job as their father
Quick Write: How does this compare with your schooling?
Homework Challenge activity on page 45 Due in 2 days! We will display them, so do your best work!