Ridership Projection: Direct Ferry to Midtown W 39th St.

file Modes 500 Pier Sites Excursions Parking Sustainability Ridership Projections Feasibility Conclusion Ridership Projection: Direct Ferry to Midtown th St. 7,000 Total Catchment Area Direct Ferry to Midtown th St Pier Ridership Manhattan,New York Central Business District Studio Nyack 2016 Sources: NYMTC This map shows projected ridership derived from a 20% pentration rate from the inner catchment area and a 5% penetration rate rom the outher catchment area. Transit Focus area 7 min Walking Zone Ridership 0 5 10 15 20 H u d s o n R i v e r 39th St. Central Business District i v E a s t R 4 5 6 7 800 700 600 400 300 200 100 0 300 450 Source: NYMTC Extended Catchment Area Inner Catchment Area (Nyack) 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Total 750 300 450 6,100 6,000 Total Projected Ridership to 5,000Midtown Connected Extended Catchment Area Area Total Projected 4,000 Ridership to Midtown Connected Area 1,000 Inner Catchment Area 0 (10 min from Nyack) 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 Source: NYMTC Total 2,200 450 3,000 2,000 Source: NYMTC 300 Source: NYMTC Inner Catchment Area (10 Minutes from Nyack) 20% Penetration Rate 2,500 Total 2,200 Extended Catchment Area Extended Catchment Area (~20 min from Nyack) 5% Penetration Rate Inner Catchment Area (Nyack) 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 Total 6,100 Source: NYMTC 300 Extended Catchment Area 5% Penetration Rate e r 2,000 750 1,500 1,000 Total Inner Catchment Area (10 Minutes from Nyack) Daily Work Trips Pier 11 500 0 Source: NYMTC 450 20% Penetration Rate 72

file Modes Pier Sites Excursions Parking Sustainability Ridership Projections Feasibility Conclusion Hudson Yards 39th St. Central Business District 10 Hudson Yards expected to open May 2016 Full build-out of the Eastern Yard expected 4 in 2018 6 5 Additional jobs to be added in next 8-10 years at Hudson Yards 7 73

file Modes Pier Sites Excursions Parking Sustainability Ridership Projections Feasibility Conclusion Ridership Projection: Direct Ferry to Lower Manhattan Catchment Area Nyack to Workers from Catchment Area Ridership Manhattan,New York Central Business District To Manhattan CBD Studio Nyack 2016 Sources: NIMTC, U.S. Census Bureau This map shows potential ridership with a 20% penetration rate from all commuters in our catchment area who commute to Manhattan. Ridership 0 5 10 15 20 H u d s o n R i v e r 39th St. Lower Manhattan Central Business District e r i v E a s t R Projected Projected Ridership to Lower Manhattan 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 To CBD 485 Inner Catchment Area (10 Minutes from Nyack) To Midtown 750 20 40 Combined Catchment Areas Approx. 20-40 Daily Work Trips 5% Penetration Rate for outer catchment area 20% Penetration Rate for inner catchment area (10 Minutes from Nyack) Lower Manhattan is not an option at this time due to low ridership *South of the Brooklyn Bridge and Chambers Street Pier 11 Source: NYMTC *Lower Manhattan defined as south of the Brooklyn Bridge and Chambers Street 74

Introduction Geography History Catchment Modes Weekends Phasing Pier Sites Parking Case Studies Conclusion Next Steps Chapter 12 ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY

Pier Sites Excursions Parking Sustainability Ridership Economic Feasibility Conclusion Financial Feasibility Considerations Revenue Costs? + Market Assumption - Ticket Revenue Nyack - : $18,000-$20,000/month Nyack - Midtown Manhattan: $448,000-$512,000/month Ossining Ferry Pier Haverstraw Ferry Pier + Non-farebox Funding: X Factor - Capital Costs: Pier Cost: Highly Variable - Operating Costs (for N-): $700/h*8h/day = $5600/day $5600/day*20day/mon = $112,000/mon Ferry Landing Design Adapted from NYCEDC 76

Pier Sites Excursions Parking Sustainability Ridership Economic Feasibility Conclusion Feasibility Considerations Strong political will is essential to introduce new service MTA is subsidizing Haverstraw - Ossining Ferry, Newburgh - Beacon Ferry services MTA is not proactively seeking to subsidize a new ferry-to-rail service; need to secure grants Operators would want to study feasibility before introducing a new service 77

Catchment Profile Modes Pier Sites Excursions Parking Sustainability Ridership Feasibility Conclusion Operating Issue - Weather Conditions Temperature (C) 40 Piermont Pier, NY (Hudson River) 30 20 10 0-10 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Present Day -20 Water Temperature Air Temperature Suspended Service No specific shutdown temperature Decided by ferry operators Decision made at least the night before Substitute buses ready 78

Sites Introduction ExcursionsGeography Parking Sustainability History Catchment Ridership Modes Feasibility Weekends Conclusion Phasing Pier Sites Parking Case Studies Conclusion Next Steps Chapter 13 CONCLUSION

Sites Excursions Parking Sustainability Ridership Feasibility Conclusion Research Questions - REVISITED 1. What is the feasibility of a ferry service that enhances connectivity between Nyack, Tarryrtown, and the greater Hudson Valley/ New York City region? 2. What are some implementation strategies that would address the question above? 80

Sites Excursions Parking Sustainability Ridership Feasibility Conclusion Research Questions - REVISITED feasibility implementation Ferry Options Catchment Area Residential Profile Transit Modes Pier Sites Excursions Parking Sustainability Ridership Projections Economic Feasibility Commuter and excursions Nyack and lower Rockland County Interest in additional transit options Time and Cost savings Available options Potential for Nyack as a destination Proposals and Alternatives Overall negative environmental impact Commuters to Mid and Lower Manhattan Revenue, Costs, Subsidies Begin with commuter service due to known ridership Promote ferry to Lower Rockland County, not just Nyack Consider piers already used by private operators Develop Nyack s tourism potential Show how a terrace will benefit Nyack, not just ferry users Model schedule and fare system based on H-O and N-B 81

Sites Excursions Parking Sustainability Ridership Feasibility Conclusion Conclusions 1. A Nyack- ferry service is feasible with capital improvements and operating costs subsidized by the MTA. A parking terrace is necessary to support a commuter ferry service. The terrace would also serve to accommodate increased demand for parking in Nyack. 2. A market exists for a service between Nyack and Mid Manhattan/39th St., which will be further enhanced by additional job development at the nearby Hudson Yards. 3. A market can be created for weekend excursions from the 39th St. pier to Nyack and the lower Hudson Valley. 4. A market does not exist for a Nyack to Lower Manhattan ferry service due to a very low level of Rockland commuters destined for this area now and in the near future. 82

Introduction Geography History Catchment Modes Weekends Phasing Pier Sites Parking Case Studies Conclusion Next Steps THANK YOU

Introduction Geography History Catchment Modes Weekends Phasing Pier Sites Parking Case Studies Conclusion Next Steps Chapter 14 APPENDIX HISTORICAL BACKGROUND EVOLUTION OF FERRIES CASE STUDIES SAUSALITO, SAN FRANCISCO, CA HAVERSTRAW - OSSINING, NY ROCHESTER - TORONTO, ON VANCOUVER SEABUS, VANCOUVER, BC KINGSTON, SEALE, WA WEEHAWKEN FERRIES, NJ - NY OAKLAND FERRY, SAN FRANCISCO, CA TRANSIT MODE COMPARISONS OUTCOMES MATRIX SUSTAINABILITY PROPOSED NYACK - TARRYTOWN FERRY SCHEDULE FARE HAVERSTRAW - OSSINING FERRY INFORMATION FROM MTA

Evolution of Ferry Services - Early History First Half of the Twentieth Century Decline of the ferry Nyack- ferry ended after opening of Tappan Zee Bridge in 1955 Construction of many bridges/ tunnels resulted in ferry services curtailed by 1957 except SI ferry Manhattan Bridge - 1909 Ferry Landing 85

Evolution of Ferry Services - Recent History Late 1980s and Early 1990s New York Waterway & Seastreak, East River Ferries, among others Ferry services between N.J. and NYC More recent ferry services across the East River between Manhattan/ Brooklyn/Queens Haverstraw - Ossining Newburgh - Beacon Ferries during 9/11 Early 2000s and Later Ferries as tools for resiliency 9/11 Hurricane Sandy 86

Evolution of Ferry Services - Present Day Staten Island Ferry Private Ferries New Jersey Terminal Manhattan Terminal Brooklyn & Queens Terminals East River Ferry Baseball Ferries Ferry Operators Sightseeing Tours Commuter e.g. New York Waterway NY Water Taxi Seastreak Hornblower Seastreak Ferry 87

CS1: Sausalito, San Francisco, CA Like Nyack: an artsy community Larkspur Ferry Terminal Wrong side of the river for commuting For commuters and tourists who walk/bike across the bridge Sausalito Ferry Terminal Much higher daily ridership than projected for Nyack- San Francisco Ferry Building Fare is subsidized directly by bridge tolls AT&T Park 88

CS2: Haverstraw - Ossining, NY Haverstraw High-speed commuter ferry across the Hudson River Accessible parking Schedule integrated with rail Ossining Subsidized by MTA as extension of Metro North service Best example for implementation Nyack 89

CS3: Rochester - Toronto (Failed) Much longer than Nyack to Lower Manhattan Toronto Ferry More direct, less circuitous route than driving Private operator Rochester Ferry Must know the market Mis-estimated demand for travel and affluence level Ensure a solid economic plan Prepare for contingencies Fuel costs 90

- Vancouver SeaBus, Vancouver, BC CS3: Vancouver SeaBus, Vancouver, BC CS4: Edmonds - Kingston, Seattle, WA CS5: Oakland Ferry, San Francisco, Lonsdale Quay CA SeaBus CS6: Weehawken Ferries, NJ - NY One-route passenger ferry for commuters, leisure, and tourism Comparable distance with Nyack- Successful in great part due to its 15-min turnaround High connectivity with bus and rail at both ends Waterfront Stn SeaBus Northbound Owned by the same providers of bus and rail services Part of a greater regional plan 91

- Kingston, Seattle, WA Intergovernmental Cooperation: Federal, State, Local Route Identification Stakeholders Kingston Edmonds Questions addressing ridership, commuter destination, and connectivity 92

- Weehawken Ferries, NJ - NY Port Imperial ferry terminal and Lincoln Harbor close to each other One of the Port Imperial routes overlaps with Lincoln Harbor ferry Lincoln Harbor Port Imperial 39th Midtown Manhattan The different time schedules and destinations make the ferries coexist Only Port Imperial provides a 24/7 parking structure Shuttle bus between two harbors is helpful for each of the ferry lines 93

APPENDIX: Oakland Ferry, San Francisco, CA The 6-mile-distance trip is shorter than Nyack - Manhattan ferry route, but they have the similar purpose to connect regional center and surrounding counties in a metropolitan area Encourage public transportation: add more transit choices San Francisco Ferry Building Oakland Mixed-use parking structure adds to the possibility of waterfront s future prosperity Alameda 94

Case Study Takeaways Haverstraw Parking Structure Toronto Ferry Shuttle Bus Port Imperial Ossining Lincoln Harbor WEEHAWKEN Know the Market Rochester Ferry 39th Midtown Manhattan ROCHESTER TORONTO HAVERSTRAW OSSINING Larkspur Ferry Terminal Lonsdale Quay SeaBus Kingston Waterfront Stn SeaBus Northbound SAN FRANCISCO AT&T Park SEALE Vertical Cooperation Route Identification Turnaround Time Edmonds San Francisco Ferry Building Increased Transit Choices Bridge Toll Subsidies Nyack Sausalito Ferry Terminal Economic Plan + Contingency VANCOUVER Connectivity Consolidated System 95

Transit Mode Comparison Nyack Route Nyack > Modes & Stops Destination Time (minutes) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Rockland County Not a feasible option due to limited parking near Metro station. Nyack > Midtown Manhattan NEW JERSEY NEW YORK GWBBT W Midtown W Midtown W Midtown Nyack > Lower Manhattan GWBBT Bronx Wall Street Wall Street GWBBT Wall Street PABT Wall Street Financial District Ferry Rail Bus Automobile 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 Cost ($/month) - Grand Central Terminal PABT - Port Authority Bus Terminal GWBBT - George Washington Bridge Bus Terminal MNR - Metro-North Rail - World Financial Center PABT Manhattan Queens 96

Transit Mode Outcomes Matrix Origin-Destination Mode Time (Minutes) Cost ($/month) Nyack- Ferry 15 60 TZx Bus 25-35 60 Private Auto - Grand Central Terminal PABT - Port Authority Bus Terminal GWBBT - George Washington Bridge Bus Terminal MNR - Metro-North Rail - World Financial Center Not a feasible option due to limited parking near MNR station Nyack-Midtown Manhattan Ferry th St. Ferry Terminal directly 55 640 Ferry th, stopping at 65-70 640 Ferry MNR 60-65 360 TZx Bus MNR 75-90 360 Private Bus Line into GWBBT Subway 80-100 443 Private Bus Line PABT 70-120 370 Private Auto West Midtown 60-110 1,110 Nyack-Lower Manhattan Ferry Ferry Terminal directly 65 760 Ferry, stopping at th 75-80 760 Ferry, stopping at and th 85-95 760 Ferry MNR Subway down to Wall Street 85-95 475 TZx Bus MNR Subway down to Wall Street 90-105 475 Private Bus Line into GWBBT Subway down to Wall Street 90-110 443 Private Bus Line into PABT Subway down to Wall Street 90-140 485 Private Auto Financial District 65-120 1,322 -Midtown Manhattan Ferry th St. Ferry Terminal directly 55 610 MNR 40-45 300 Bus Line to Broadway at W 242 St Subway 110-120 116.5 Private Auto West Midtown 55-75 930 -Lower Manhattan Ferry Ferry Terminal directly 60 720 Ferry, stopping at th 70-75 720 MNR Subway down to Wall Street 70-80 416.5 Bus Line to Broadway at W 242 St Subway down to Wall Street 130-140 116.5 Private Auto Financial District 55-100 1,192 PABT Manhattan Rockland County NEW JERSEY GWBBT Nyack Queens Bronx NEW YORK 100

Transit Mode Outcomes Matrix Value Point: 1= Low 2 = Medium 3 = High Origin-Destination Mode Time (Minutes) Cost ($/month) Time Points Cost Points Total Points Rank Nyack- Ferry 15 60 3 3 6 1 TZx Bus 25-35 60 1 3 4 2 Private Auto Not a feasible option due to limited parking near MNR station 0 3 Nyack-Midtown Manhattan Ferry th St. Ferry Terminal directly 55 640 3 2 5 2 Ferry th, stopping at 65-70 640 2 2 4 4 Ferry MNR 60-65 360 3 3 6 1 TZx Bus MNR 75-90 360 2 3 5 2 Private Bus Line into GWBBT Subway 80-100 443 1 2 3 6 Private Bus Line PABT 70-120 370 1 3 4 4 Private Auto West Midtown 60-110 1,110 2 1 3 6 Nyack-Lower Manhattan Ferry Ferry Terminal directly 65 760 3 2 5 1 Ferry, stopping at th 75-80 760 2 2 4 2 Ferry, stopping at and th 85-95 760 2 2 4 2 Ferry MNR Subway down to Wall Street 85-95 475 2 3 5 1 TZx Bus MNR Subway down to Wall Street 90-105 475 2 3 5 1 Private Bus Line into GWBBT Subway down to Wall Street 90-110 443 1 3 4 2 Private Bus Line into PABT Subway down to Wall Street 90-140 485 1 3 4 2 Private Auto Financial District 65-120 1,322 2 1 3 8 -Midtown Manhattan Ferry th St. Ferry Terminal directly 55 610 3 2 5 2 MNR 40-45 300 3 3 6 1 Bus Line to Broadway at W 242 St Subway 110-120 116.5 1 3 4 3 Private Auto West Midtown 55-75 930 2 1 3 4 -Lower Manhattan Ferry Ferry Terminal directly 60 720 3 2 5 1 Ferry, stopping at th 70-75 720 2 2 4 2 MNR Subway down to Wall Street 70-80 416.5 2 3 5 1 Bus Line to Broadway at W 242 St Subway down to Wall Street 130-140 116.5 1 3 4 2 Private Auto Financial District 55-100 1,192 2 1 3 5 - Grand Central Terminal PABT - Port Authority Bus Terminal GWBBT - George Washington Bridge Bus Terminal MNR - Metro-North Rail - World Financial Center 101

Transit Mode Outcomes Matrix O rigin-destination Mode Time (Minutes) Cost ($/month) Nyack- Ferry 15 60 TZx Bus 25-35 60 Private Auto Not a feasible option due to limited parking near MNR station. Nyack-Midtown Manhattan Ferry th St. Ferry Terminal directly 55 640 Ferry th, stopping at 65-70 640 Ferry MNR 60-65 360 TZx Bus MNR 75-90 360 Private Bus Line into GWBBT Subway 80-100 443 Private Bus Line PABT 70-120 370 Private Auto West Midtown 60-110 1,110 Nyack-Lower Manhattan Ferry Ferry Terminal directly 65 760 Ferry, stopping at th 75-80 760 Ferry, stopping at and th 85-95 760 Ferry MNR Subway down to Wall Street 85-95 475 TZx Bus MNR Subway down to Wall Street 90-105 475 Private Bus Line into GWBBT Subway down to Wall Street 90-110 443 Private Bus Line into PABT Subway down to Wall Street 90-140 485 Private Auto Financial District 65-120 1,322 -Midtown Manhattan Ferry th St. Ferry Terminal directly 55 610 MNR 40-45 300 Bus Line to Broadway at W 242 St Subway 110-120 116.5 Private Auto West Midtown 55-75 930 -Lower Manhattan Ferry Ferry Terminal directly 60 720 Ferry, stopping at th 70-75 720 MNR Subway down to Wall Street 70-80 416.5 Bus Line to Broadway at W 242 St Subway down to Wall Street 130-140 116.5 Private Auto Financial District 55-100 1,192 - Grand Central Terminal PABT - Port Authority Bus Terminal GWBBT - George Washington Bridge Bus Terminal MNR - Metro-North Rail - World Financial Center PABT Manhattan Rockland County NEW JERSEY GWBBT Nyack NEW YORK Bronx Queens 102

Environmental Impacts POSITIVE Safety Resilience NEGATIVE Wake Patterns Water Pollution Air Pollution Dredging Emissions Ferry v. automobile/bus 4,360 BTU v. 4,342 BTU (per passenger miles) 105

Proposed Ferry Schedule Proposed Nyack- Ferry Schedule Weekday Schedule AM Weekday Schedule PM Nyack Nyack 6:00 AM 6:15 AM 5:15 PM 5:00 PM 6:30 AM 6:45 AM 5:50 PM 5:35 PM 7:00 AM 7:15 AM 6:15 PM 6:00 PM 7:30 AM 7:45 AM 6:45 PM 6:30 PM 8:00 AM 8:15 AM 7:20 PM 7:05 PM 8:30 AM 8:45 AM 7:50 PM 7:35 PM 9:00 AM 8:45 PM 106

Proposed Ferry Fare Proposed Nyack- Ferry Fare One Way Fare Child 5 and under Two Children ride free for every paying adult Child 6-11 Senior 62 + Multi-Trip Fares $ 3.00 10-Trip $ 27.00 Free $ 1.50 $ 1.50 20-Trip UniTicket Monthly Pass for Nyack-TarryTown Ferry/Metro-North train combination Special Fare Bike Surcharge $ 48.00 $ 345.00 $ 1.00 107

Haverstraw - Ossining Ferry Haverstraw -Ossining Ferry Information from MTA Haverstraw Pier Cost: approximately $1 million Operating Costs Estimate: $700/h * 8h/day = $5,600/day Number of annual operating days varies from year to year Approximate Round-Trips: 257 Subsidy - Political Trade-off Daily Rockland-to-NYC commuters: 15,100 Penatration rate w/ferry: 1.7% Approx Daily Round Trips = 15,100*1.7% = 256.7 108