Campaign Finance Report Summary Sheet Part 1 Transaction Period This Report covers transactions beginning Final Report (Check if you intend to close the account. This cannot be a final report if a cash balance or outstanding obligation remains) Amendment # ( amendment is being filed.) 01/12/2017 and ending 01/10/2018. Part 2 Bank Account Name Bank Account Number Bank Account Balance* *As of the report transaction ending date. Total $78,784.25 Part 3 Receipts Contributions Schd 1, Col A $21,835.18 Ticket Purchases Schd 1, Col B $0.00 Federal Committees Schd 1, Col C $0.00 Political Clubs Schd 1, Col D $0.00 MD Candidate and Slate Accounts Schd 1A, Col E $0.00 MD Party Central Committees Schd 1A, Col F $0.00 MD Political Action Committees Schd 1A, Col G $0.00 Non-Federal Out-of-State Committees Schd 1A, Col H $0.00 Other Schd 1B, Col I $0.00 Loans Schd 3, Col K $0.00 Enter Total in Part 4 (Total Receipts) Expenditures Salaries & Other Compensation Schd 2, Col N $0.00 Rent & Other Office Expenses Schd 2, Col O $0.00 Field Expenses Schd 2, Col P $0.00 Media Schd 2, Col Q $300.00 Printing & Campaign Materials Schd 2, Col R $0.00 Direct Mailing by Mail House Schd 2, Col S $0.00 Postage Schd 2, Col T $333.00 Purchase of Equipment Schd 2, Col U $0.00 Fundraising Expenses Schd 2, Col V $1,634.85 Transfers Out Schd 2, Col W $2,500.00 Loan Repayment Schd 2, Col X $0.00 Other Schd 2, Col Y $111.85 Returned Contribution Schd 2, Col Z $0.00 Enter Total in Part 4 (Total Expenditures) 1 of 20
Part 4 Part 5 Prior Balance $61,828.77 + Report calculated cash balance from Part 4 of your prior report. Value of In-Kind Contributions Schd 1B, Col J $509.86 Value of In-Kind Expenditures Schd 2, Col AA $0.00 Part 6 Total Receipts $21,835.18 Total of Part 3 Receipts Total Expenditures $4,879.70 Total of Part 3 Expenditures - = Outstanding Loan Balance Schd 3, Col L $0.00 Outstanding Bills Due Schd 3, Col M $0.00 Total Outstanding Obligations $0.00 Cash Balance $78,784.25 This is your report calculated cash balance. Carry forward this balance to your next report. Part 7 Under penalty of perjury, we declare that we have examined this report, including the accompanying schedules, and to the best of our knowledge and belief they are complete and accurate. BATES, ROBERT LEE () 01/15/2018 Signature of Treasurer () 01/15/2018 Warning Failure to provide all information required by this form will be regarded as a failure to file. Signature of Chairman 2 of 20
SCHEDULE - 1 Contributions A - Contributions other than ticket purchases from Individuals, Corporations, etc. (see schedules 1A and 1B for other types of Income) Received Received From Name and Address of Contributor 09/26/2017 Anders, John 16944 Old Sawmill Road, Woodbine, Maryland 21797 ADMIN Aggregate to Paid by Contributions Amount $250.00 Check $250.00 07/31/2017 Apple Ford 8800 Stanford Blvd, Columbia, Maryland 21045 01/04/2018 Arnold, Brandon 8720 Sicklebar Way, Ellicott City, Maryland 21043 $500.00 Check $250.00 $50.00 Credit Card $50.00 10/14/2017 Arnold, David 5005 Bonnie Branch Road, Ellicott City, Maryland 21043 $125.00 Check $50.00 10/19/2017 Arnold, Eileen 5005 Bonnie Branch Rd, Ellicott City, Maryland 21043 $205.00 Check $30.00 10/15/2017 Associated Builders and Contractors, Inc. 6901 Muirkirk Meadows Drive, Suite F, Beltsville, Maryland 20705 11/01/2017 Association of Maryland Pilots PAC 3720 Dillon St., Baltimore, Maryland 21224-5202 10/15/2017 Baik, Jun Bin 10685 Hillingdon Road, Woodstock, Maryland 21163-1431 $250.00 Check $250.00 $1,000.00 Check $250.00 04/28/2017 Baltimore Gas and Electric PAC 110 West Fayette Street, 13th Floor, Baltimore, Maryland 21201 10/12/2017 Bell Nursery USA, LLC 7111 Troy Hill Dr., Elkridge, Maryland 21075 10/15/2017 Bell Nursery USA, LLC 7111 Troy Hill Dr., Elkridge, Maryland 21075 $500.00 Check $250.00 $1,350.00 Check $1,000.00 $1,850.00 Check $500.00 3 of 20
10/15/2017 BGE PAC 110 W. Fayette St, 13th Floor, Baltimore, Maryland 21201 10/13/2017 Blackwell, James W 7309 Marriottsville Road 2, Marriottsville, Maryland 21104 $250.00 Check $250.00 $75.00 Check $25.00 09/08/2017 Boender Properties P O Box 267, West Friendship, Maryland 21794 10/23/2017 Bouchat Industries, Inc. 1405 Knecht Avenue, Suite 2, Baltimore, Maryland 21227 10/01/2017 Brown, Jr., Paul J. 122 Concerto Avenue, Centreville, Maryland 21617-2495 $200.00 Check $200.00 $250.00 Check $50.00 $50.00 Check $50.00 10/21/2017 Burton Research and Strategies LLC 8820 Galox Ct., Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27516 06/30/2017 C. O. C. Inc 10320 Old Frederick Road, Woodstock, Maryland 21163 09/26/2017 Canterbury Builders, Inc. 3187 Sharp Road, Glenwood, Maryland 21738 10/04/2017 Canterbury Builders, Inc. 3187 Sharp Road, Glenwood, Maryland 21738 09/28/2017 Capizola, Carolyn 5846 Morningbird Lane, Columbia, Maryland 21045 $75.00 Check $75.00 $450.00 Check $250.00 $550.00 Check $100.00 $110.00 Check $30.00 04/19/2017 Chiropractic PAC MD 1308 Eastern Boulevard, Middlesex Shopping Center, Essex, Maryland 21221 07/29/2017 Christopher B. Costello Sole Prop DBA Public Sector Cons. Group 6400 Baltimore National Pike #455, Catonsville, Maryland 21228 10/12/2017 Christopher B. Costello Sole Prop DBA Public Sector Cons. Group 6400 Baltimore National Pike #455, Catonsville, Maryland 21228 10/14/2017 Clark, Martha M. P. O. Box 189, 14943 Roxbury Road, Glenelg, Maryland 21737 $250.00 Check $250.00 $150.00 Check $50.00 $500.00 Check $250.00 4 of 20
09/27/2017 Clevenger, Clifton L. 2461 Mullinix Mill Road, Mt. Airy, Maryland 21771 $250.00 Check $250.00 07/10/2017 Consulting Engineers Council of Maryland PAC 312 North Charles Street, Suite 200, Baltimore, Maryland 21201 10/20/2017 Consulting Engineers Council of Maryland PAC 312 North Charles Street, Suite 200, Baltimore, Maryland 21201 10/15/2017 Cooke, Anne S 9821 Gwynn Park Drive, Ellicott City, $950.00 Check $250.00 $1,050.00 Check $100.00 $30.00 Check $30.00 09/23/2017 Cornick, Janet M. 9502 Deerfoot Way, Columbia, Maryland 21046 $235.00 Check $50.00 10/10/2017 D'Asto, Tom 6840 Guilford Road, Clarksville, Maryland 21029 $150.00 Credit Card $100.00 09/18/2017 Daniels, Arvil Jane 12074 Windsor Moss, Ellicott City, -7119 $125.00 Credit Card $50.00 10/15/2017 Dobbs, David 12177 Woodford Drive, Marriottsville, Maryland 21104 CSRA 09/26/2017 Drielak, Joanne 4603 Brentwood Lane, Ellicott City, $80.00 Check $30.00 10/15/2017 Eisenberg, Michael 11313 Harrison St., Fulton, Maryland 20759 $60.00 Check $30.00 11/12/2017 Emergency Medicine PAC 1211 Cathedral Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201 04/23/2017 Emerges.com, Inc. 212 Prince George St., Suite B, Annapolis, Maryland 21401-1613 $350.00 Check $100.00 $350.00 Check $350.00 5 of 20
10/12/2017 Emond, Leo F 2809 Rustic Manor Court, Glenwood, Maryland 21738 $50.00 Check $50.00 10/15/2017 Ervin, Manda Z 3538 Garratt Court, Ellicott City, 01/04/2018 Farm Agents & Assoc. MD Pac Contributions Account 16904 Calvary Drive, Williamsport, Maryland 21795 10/02/2017 Feaga, Charles C. 3050 Lancelot Cross, Ellicott City, $250.00 Check $250.00 $80.00 Check $30.00 12/18/2017 Federal Express PAC 942 S. Shady Grove Road, 1st Floor, Memphis, Tennessee 38120 10/31/2017 First Colonies Anesthesia Associates, LLC. 7490 New Technology Way, Frederick, Maryland 21703 09/24/2017 Gelfman, Richard 11309 Willow Bottom Drive, Columbia, Maryland 21044-1070 $750.00 Check $250.00 $750.00 Check $250.00 $100.00 Credit Card $100.00 10/02/2017 Gibson, John P. 3225 Florence Road, Woodbine, Maryland 21797 $50.00 Check $50.00 10/15/2017 Giles, Ronald H. 8760 Teresa Lane, Scaggsville, Maryland 20723-1228 $400.00 Check $100.00 07/10/2017 Giovanis, Theodore P. O. Box 130, Highland, Maryland 20777 $500.00 Check $500.00 10/10/2017 Hanrahan, William 9920 Whitworth Way, Ellicott City, -5641 $150.00 Credit Card $150.00 07/03/2017 Harvey, Bruce A. 7792 Elmwood Road, Fulton, Maryland 20759 $250.00 Check $250.00 6 of 20
09/24/2017 Helminiak, Lawrence W. 6205 Candle Ct., Sykesville, Maryland 21784 $750.00 Check $250.00 04/19/2017 Home Builders Association of MD Inc. HBAM PAC 11825 W. Market Pl., Fulton, Maryland 20759 10/16/2017 Hough, William Dale 17383 Hardy Road, Mount Airy, Maryland 21771 $250.00 Check $250.00 $300.00 Check $100.00 09/30/2017 Isaac, John 14553 Windridge Court, Glenwood, Maryland 21738 $200.00 Credit Card $100.00 07/12/2017 J. David Mullinix & Sons, Inc. 14420 Howard Road, Dayton, Maryland 21036 08/16/2017 James R. Moxley Jr. Business 13155 Route 144, West Friendship, Maryland 21794 01/07/2018 Johansen, Michael 225 Mill Harbor Dr., Arnold, Maryland 21012 $200.00 Check $100.00 $325.00 Credit Card $100.00 10/15/2017 Knight, Karen B. 9929 Isabelles Way, Ellicott City, $150.00 Check $30.00 09/24/2017 Kokosko, William P. 9936 Isabelles Way, Ellicott City, $500.00 Check $200.00 09/23/2017 Koons, William H. 3612 Willow Birch Drive, Glenwood, Maryland 21738 $50.00 Check $50.00 10/01/2017 Lange, Russel E 3498 N. Chatham Road, Ellicott City, $60.00 Check $30.00 09/28/2017 Lewis, Donald C 16185 Old Frederick Road, Mt Airy, Maryland 21771-3337 $100.00 Check $50.00 7 of 20
10/01/2017 Lilly, James W. 6054 Hunt Club Road, Elkridge, Maryland 21075 $205.00 Check $75.00 07/03/2017 Maryland Psychiatric PAC 1101 St. Paul Street, Suite 305, Baltimore, Maryland 21202 09/27/2017 Maryland Psychiatric PAC 1101 St. Paul Street, Suite 305, Baltimore, Maryland 21202 10/06/2017 Maryland Retail Merchant Assoc. 171 Conduit Street, Annapolis, Maryland 21401 10/19/2017 Maryland Society of Accounting and Tax Professionals PAC Inc. 10630 Little Patuxent Pkwy, Ste 146, Columbia, Maryland 21044-3200 07/17/2017 Maryland Society of Eye Physicians and Surgeons PAC 5431 Yukon Ct., Ste A, Frederick, Maryland 21703-7326 12/20/2017 Maryland Society of Eye Physicians and Surgeons PAC 5431 Yukon Ct., Ste A, Frederick, Maryland 21703-7326 01/03/2018 Maryland State Dental Association Political Action Committee 8901 Herrmann Drive, Columbia, Maryland 21045 09/10/2017 Maryland State Funeral Directors PAC 311 Crain Highway SE, Glen Burnie, Maryland 21061 10/25/2017 Maryland State Licensed Beverage Association PAC 150 E. Main St. Ste 104, Westminster, Maryland 21157-5089 07/06/2017 Maryland Troopers Association PAC Account 1300 Reisterstown Road, Pikesville, Maryland 21208 09/27/2017 Mercer, Philip 11208 Ridermark Row, Columbia, Maryland 21044 $200.00 Credit Card $100.00 $300.00 Check $100.00 $300.00 Check $100.00 $50.00 Check $50.00 $1,000.00 Check $500.00 $1,250.00 Check $250.00 $500.00 Check $500.00 $300.00 Check $200.00 $200.00 Check $200.00 $250.00 Check $250.00 10/15/2017 Merry Acres Farm LLC 3807 Walt Ann Drive, Ellicott City, 09/25/2017 Miller, Charles H. P. O. Box 120, Glenelg, Maryland 21737 Retired $700.00 Check $250.00 $1,100.00 Check $300.00 8 of 20
09/25/2017 Miller, Paul L. P. O. Box 307, Ellicott City, Maryland 21041-0307 $450.00 Check $250.00 10/15/2017 Nussbaum, Jen 8759 Stonehouse Drive, Ellicott City, Maryland 21043 $30.00 Cash $30.00 09/27/2017 Nye, Barbara L. 7239 Lyndsey Way, Elkridge, Maryland 21075-6805 $100.00 Credit Card $100.00 10/05/2017 O'Loughlin, William 9516 Deerfoot Way, Columbia, Maryland 21046 $50.00 Check $50.00 07/06/2017 Office of Bruce Bereano 191 Duke of Gloucester Street, Annapolis, Maryland 21401 12/26/2017 Office of Bruce Bereano 191 Duke of Gloucester Street, Annapolis, Maryland 21401 10/29/2017 Ohlinger, Keith 2790 Florence Road, Woodbine, Maryland 21797 $1,500.00 Check $500.00 $1,750.00 Check $250.00 $1,000.00 Check $1,000.00 10/02/2017 One Call Concepts, Inc. 7223 Parkway Drive, Suite 210, Hanover, Maryland 21076-1392 07/14/2017 One Call Concepts, Inc. 7223 Parkway Drive, Suite 210, Hanover, Maryland 21076-1392 10/08/2017 Parker, Jr., Jason A. 12925 State Route 144, West Friendship, Maryland 21794 $1,750.00 Check $500.00 $500.00 Check $500.00 $425.00 Check $200.00 09/28/2017 Peters, Lois H. 3707 Red Oak Lane, Ellicott City, 09/26/2017 Petite Cellars 11079 Resort Road, Ellicott City, 10/19/2017 Pfefferkorn, James W 2797 Pfefferkorn Rd, West Friendship, Maryland 21794 $210.00 Check $25.00 9 of 20
07/25/2017 Pfizer PAC 235 East 42nd Street, New York, New York 10017 11/27/2017 Piersall, James 9050 Fathers Legacy, Apt 345, Ellicott City, $500.00 Check $250.00 $25.00 Check $25.00 09/21/2017 Potomac Edison PAC 10802 Bower Avenue, Williamsport, Maryland 21795 10/28/2017 Priola, Edward J 9206 Perfect Hour, Columbia, Maryland 21045 $750.00 Check $250.00 $250.00 Check $200.00 10/04/2017 Realtors Political Action Committee 200 Harry S. Truman Parkway, Suite #200, Annapolis, Maryland 21401-7348 09/25/2017 Reese, Margaret C. 4002 Woodley Road, Ellicott City, -5335 $1,500.00 Check $750.00 $250.00 Check $50.00 01/08/2018 Rhodes, Robert 5407 21st Ave, Hyattsville, Maryland 20782 $400.00 Credit Card $400.00 04/19/2017 Robinson, J. Jeffrey 8652 Water Fall Drive, Laurel, Maryland 20723 Total Site Solutions 10/08/2017 Rocket Science Incorporated 3272 Rosemary Lane, West Friendship, Maryland 21794 01/02/2018 Rozner, Joel 659 Santa Maria Lane, Davidsonville, Maryland 21035 $25.00 Check $25.00 Science and Technology $325.00 Check $250.00 $550.00 Check $200.00 10/05/2017 Salazar, Antonio P. 10240 Little Brick House Court, Ellicott City, $50.00 Check $50.00 09/24/2017 Sanudo, Raquel 2530 Kensington Gardens #401, Ellicott City, Maryland 21043 $50.00 Check $25.00 12/09/2017 Schmidt, Denise A 15730 Union Chapel Road, Daisy, Maryland 21797 10 of 20
10/15/2017 Shields, Loretta H 4580 Ten Oaks Road, Dayton, Maryland 21036 $175.18 Check $20.18 12/13/2017 Shiloh, Stephen M 1433 Buckhorn Road, Sykesville, Maryland 21784-9304 $50.00 Check $50.00 09/23/2017 Skinner, J. Matthew 9237 W. STAYMAN DRIVE, ELLICOTT CITY, $250.00 Check $50.00 07/05/2017 Smith, Larry 16341 Paulownia Hill Court, Mount Airy, Maryland 21771 $200.00 Check $200.00 10/02/2017 Smith, Patricia R 5158 Orchard Green, Columbia, Maryland 21045 $30.00 Check $30.00 04/19/2017 Star Liquors 8610 WASHINGTON BLVD, JESSUP, Maryland 20794 07/07/2017 Stone Shooters, Inc. 7860 Kabik Court, Suite B, Woodbine, Maryland 21797 09/25/2017 Straw, Rebecca J. 9309 Meadow Hill Road, Ellicott City, -5119 $250.00 Check $100.00 $500.00 Check $500.00 $75.00 Check $25.00 06/03/2017 The Doherty Group, LLC P.O. Box 668, New Market, Maryland 21774 09/26/2017 The Doherty Group, LLC P.O. Box 668, New Market, Maryland 21774 07/31/2017 The Wills Group Inc PAC 6355 Crian Hwy, La Plata, Maryland 20646-4267 09/25/2017 Tiburzi, Paul A. 14 Country Club Ln., Phoenix, Maryland 21131-1836 $600.00 Check $250.00 $850.00 Check $250.00 10/12/2017 Troy Hill Corporate Center II LLC 2560 Lord Baltimore Dr., Baltimore, Maryland 21244 $250.00 Check $250.00 11 of 20
10/08/2017 Voss, Yolanda 10462 Waterfowl Terrace, Columbia, Maryland 21044 Studio International 07/26/2017 Wal-mart Stores, Inc 702 SW 8th Street, Bentonville, Arkansas 72716 09/24/2017 Warfield, Laura J 1970 Sand Hill Road, Marriottsville, Maryland 21104 $80.00 Check $50.00 Other $500.00 Check $500.00 $175.00 Check $50.00 10/15/2017 West, Janet F 3255 Gwenlee Circle, Glenwood, Maryland 21738 $95.00 Check $25.00 09/23/2017 Wheeler, Jr., John E. 4005 Chariots Flight Way, Ellicott City, $25.00 Check $25.00 10/04/2017 Williams, Sally J 12026 Windsor Moss, Ellicott City, -7119 $20.00 Check $20.00 10/15/2017 Wilson, Diane 9355 Windbell Way, Columbia, Maryland 21045 $150.00 Check $50.00 10/10/2017 Wisniewski, Anthony 2481 Mullinix Mill Road, Mt. Airy, Maryland 21771 $250.00 Credit Card $250.00 10/15/2017 Yang, Xinning 10245 Tuscany Road, Ellicott City, $30.00 Cash $30.00 10/09/2017 Yungmann, David 14750 Addison Way, Woodbine, Maryland 21797-8636 $50.00 Credit Card $50.00 09/29/2017 Zarbo, Geraldine 8205 Mossey Stone Ct., Laurel, Maryland 20723 $25.00 Check $25.00 10/15/2017 Zhou, Hongling 7065 River Oak Ct., Clarksville, Maryland 21029 $40.00 Cash $40.00 12 of 20
Total $21,835.18 13 of 20
SCHEDULE - 1B Other Receipts and In-Kind Contributions J - In-Kind Contribution - Fair Market Value of In-Kind Contribution Received. (Describe in Remarks) (see schedules 1A and 1B for other types of Income) Received Complete Name and Address of Payer 08/03/2017 Bates, Gail H 3212 Rosemary Lane, West Friendship, Maryland 21794 ADMIN Aggregate to Amount $509.86 $509.86 Remarks: Staples, Printing Total $509.86 14 of 20
SCHEDULE - 2 Expenditures Q - Media (see schedules 1A and 1B for other types of Income) Payment Method Name and Address of Payee (The payee is the person who is the ultimate recipient of campaign funds) 06/20/2017 Check FATA P O Box 4889, Baltimore, Maryland 21211 Expenditure Purpose: Remarks: Book/Brochure Advertising 03/08/2017 Check Howard County Fair Association P O Box 143, Woodbine, Maryland 21797 Expenditure Purpose: Remarks: Book/Brochure Advertising Name and Address of Reimbursee (The reimbursee is the person who received the campaign check as a reimbursement for the expenditure. The reimbursee must be a campaign worker.) ADMIN Amount $150.00 $150.00 Total $300.00 15 of 20
SCHEDULE - 2 Expenditures T - Postage (see schedules 1A and 1B for other types of Income) Payment Method Name and Address of Payee (The payee is the person who is the ultimate recipient of campaign funds) 07/10/2017 Check Postmaster 3900 Ten Oaks Road, Glenelg, Maryland 21737 Expenditure Purpose: Remarks: Mailing Service 09/21/2017 Check Postmaster 3900 Ten Oaks Road, Glenelg, Maryland 21737 Expenditure Purpose: Remarks: Postage Name and Address of Reimbursee (The reimbursee is the person who received the campaign check as a reimbursement for the expenditure. The reimbursee must be a campaign worker.) ADMIN Amount $88.00 $245.00 Total $333.00 16 of 20
SCHEDULE - 2 Expenditures V - Fundraising Expenses (see schedules 1A and 1B for other types of Income) Payment Method Name and Address of Payee (The payee is the person who is the ultimate recipient of campaign funds) 10/15/2017 Check Glory Days Grill 10035 Baltimore National Pike, Ellicott City, Expenditure Purpose: Remarks: Fundraiser - Food & Beverage 01/09/2018 Check Harry Browne's 66 State Circle, Annapolis, Maryland 21401 Expenditure Purpose: Remarks: Fundraiser - Food & Beverage 04/28/2017 Check Strategic Campaign Group 191 Main Street, Suite 310, Annapolis, Maryland 21401 Expenditure Purpose: Remarks: Fundraiser -General Expenses Name and Address of Reimbursee (The reimbursee is the person who received the campaign check as a reimbursement for the expenditure. The reimbursee must be a campaign worker.) ADMIN Amount $842.35 $120.00 $672.50 Total $1,634.85 17 of 20
SCHEDULE - 2 Expenditures W - Transfers Out to Other Maryland Treasurers (see schedules 1A and 1B for other types of Income) Payment Method Name and Address of Payee (The payee is the person who is the ultimate recipient of campaign funds) 01/12/2017 Check Howard County Republican Central Committee Name and Address of Reimbursee (The reimbursee is the person who received the campaign check as a reimbursement for the expenditure. The reimbursee must be a campaign worker.) ADMIN Amount $2,500.00 Expenditure Purpose: Remarks: Transfer to MD Registered political Committees Total $2,500.00 18 of 20
SCHEDULE - 2 Expenditures Y - Other (see schedules 1A and 1B for other types of Income) Payment Method Name and Address of Payee (The payee is the person who is the ultimate recipient of campaign funds) 01/08/2018 EFT PayPal P. O. Box 45950, Omaha, Nebraska 68145-0950 Expenditure Purpose: Remarks: Credit Card Service Processing Charges 11/30/2017 EFT Sandy Spring National Bank 17801 Georgial Avenue, Olney, Maryland 20832 Expenditure Purpose: Remarks: Bank Charges Name and Address of Reimbursee (The reimbursee is the person who received the campaign check as a reimbursement for the expenditure. The reimbursee must be a campaign worker.) ADMIN Amount $48.85 $63.00 Total $111.85 19 of 20
Amendments Summary Report No Filed date Report Type Filer 1 01/15/2018 Original BATES ROBERT LEE 20 of 20