Sponsored by Programa de Innovación y Capital Humano para la Competitividad Junior Research Group Global Change 4+1 Inventory of managed aquifer recharge schemes in Latin America José Pablo Bonilla Valverde, Catalin Stefan, Adriana Palma Nava, Eduardo Bernardo da Silva and Hugo Leonel Pivaral Vivar.
MAR portal (marportal.un-igrac.org) Fig. 1. Global MAR inventory. Source: Global MAR inventory / marportal.un-igrac.org A099: Web-GIS of global inventory of managed aquifer recharge applications / Catalin Stefan & Nienke Ansems 2
Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) Intermediary region of the America continent according to the United Nations Statistics Division regional grouping (UNSTATS). LAC is composed by: Caribbean Central America South America Latin America (LA) Fig. 2. LAC sub-regions according to the UNSTATS Data source:united Nations Statistical Yearbook 2013 (Fifty-eighth issue) 3
Data base description Fig. 3. Distribution of the MAR techniques in LA Source: IGRAC / marportal.un-igrac.org Study cases were collected from freely available: scientific papers, conference proceedings, internal reports and academic theses Published in English, Spanish and Portuguese. A total of 139 study cases where collected. Brazil 65% Mexico 12% Chile 6% Argentina 6% Colombia 4% Bolivia, Costa Rica, Paraguay & Peru < 7%. 4
MAR cases per country in LA Number of reported MAR cases from freely available sources 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Mexico Paraguay Spreading methods Induced bank infiltration Well, Shaft & Borehole Recharge In-channel modifications Rainwater & Run-off Harvesting Peru Fig. 4. LA MAR cases per country. 5
MAR in LA by inhabitant Reported MAR cases per million inhabitants 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 Chile Brazil Paraguay Costa Rica Bolivia Argentina Mexico Colombia Spreading methods Induced bank infiltration Well, Shaft & Borehole Recharge In-channel modifications Rainwater & Run-off Harvesting Peru Fig. 5. LA MAR cases per inhabitant by country. 6
MAR per inhabitant and research 0.6 Chile Reported MAR cases per million inhabitants 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 Paraguay Colombia Costa Rica Argentina Mexico Brazil 0.0 0.0% 0.2% 0.4% 0.6% 0.8% 1.0% 1.2% 1.4% Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Mexico Paraguay *Bolivia and Peru without R&D data Fig. 6. LA MAR cases per inhabitant vs. investment in research and development (%PIB). 7
MAR in LA by technique 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Mexico Paraguay Peru Latin America Spreading methods Induced bank infiltration Well, Shaft & Borehole Recharge In-channel modifications Rainwater & Run-off Harvesting Fig. 9. LA MAR Techniques by country 8
MAR in LA by main objective 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Mexico Paraguay Peru Latin America Water quality management Other Benefits Physical Aquifer Management Management of Water Distribution Systems Maximize Natural Storage Ecological Benefits Fig.7. LA main MAR scheme objective by country. 9
MAR in LA by influent water Argentina 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Mexico Paraguay Peru Latin America storm water lake water river water wastewater groundwater Fig. 8. LA main MAR scheme influent water by country. 10
Summary LAC represents more than 10% of the Global MAR inventory with less than 10% of the world population. No reported cases in the Caribbean. Is there a lack of motivation / prohibition for publishing results in LAC? 28 presentations and posters from Latin America in ISMAR9 Probably more cases come to light. Report your own MAR project marportal.un-igrac.org 11
Contact ADDRESS Technische Universität Dresden Institute of Waste Management and Circular Economy Pratzschwitzer Str. 15 01796 Pirna GERMANY José Bonilla Phone: +49 3501 530027 Fax: +49 3501 530022 Email: url: jose.bonilla@mailbox.tu-dresden.de www.tu-dresden.de/uw/inowas