Adapting water resource management in coastal areas A case study in Hai Phong, Vietnam Thuc Phan, James Smart, Samantha Capon, Wade Hadwen Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University
Presentation outline 1. Background 2. Existing water resource management challenges 3. Research objectives and modeling approach
Background
1.9 Population (million person) 1.88 1.86 1.84 1.82 1.8 1.78 1.76 159 158 157 156 155 154 153 152 151 15 149 148 28 29 21 211 212 213 Population density (person/km2) 28 29 21 211 212 213
Thousands ha 6 Agriclutural land Forestry land Water surface area for aquaculture Specially used land Residential land Unused land 5 4 3 2 1 25 26 27 28 29 21 211
Existing water management challenges Water resource and complex hydrodynamics Strongly dependent on upstream rivers and the tidal regime, In dry seasons and high tides, back stream flows are occurred, making salinity intrusion into the river system Significantly difficult for water extraction
.3 Annual average salinity at upstream of Da Do River %.25.2.15.1.5. 1997 1999 21 23 25 27 29 211 213 (%) 14. 12. 1. 8. 6. 4. 2.. Annual average salinity at downstream of Da Do River 1997 1999 21 23 25 27 29 211 213
Climate change impacts 125 km of coastlines, The elevation is relatively low, about 1-1.5 m above sea level, Significantly affected by climate change. 15 Annual average sea level rise (cm) 1 5 cm -5 1972 1975 1978 1981 1984 1987 199 1993 1996 1999 22 25 28 211-1 Hundreds mm Total amount of annual average rainfall 3 25 2 15 1 5 1958 1962 1966 197 1974 1978 1982 1986 199 1994 1998 22 26 21
24.5 Annual average temperature Celsius degree 24. 23.5 23. 22.5 22. 1958 1962 1966 197 1974 1978 1982 1986 199 1994 1998 22 26 21 94 Annual average humidity 92 9 88 Mb 86 84 82 8 78 1958 1961 1964 1967 197 1973 1976 1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2 23 26 29 212
Water pollution Untreated or inappropriately treated waste water from residential areas and industrial zones release directly to river systems, Most of parameters are higher than VN standard level Thousands (MPN/ 1ml) 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 Trung Trang Cau Vang Coliform Nguyet Ang Cong Vo Nui Doi Co Tieu Feb 3 April 2.5 June 2 Aug 1.5 Oct 1 Dec.5 Standar d (mg/l) Trung Trang Cau Vang Nguyet Ang Amoniac Cong Vo Nui Doi Co Tieu Feb April June Aug Oct Dec Standar d
(μg/l).9.8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1 Trung Trang Pesticide (DDT) Rainy season Dry season Standard Cau Vang Nguyet Ang Cong Vo Nui Doi Co Tieu (μg/l).4.35.3.25.2.15.1.5 Trung Trang Pesticide (Adrin) Rainy season Dry season Standard Cau Vang Nguyet Ang Cong Vo Nui Doi Co Tieu (mg/l).9.8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1 Trung Trang Cau Vang Phenol Nguyet Ang Cong Vo Nui Doi Co Tieu Feb April June Aug Oct Dec Standard.4.35.3.25.2.15.1.5 Trung Trang Cau Vang Pb (mg/l) Nguyet Ang Cong Vo Nui Doi Co Tieu Feb April June Aug Oct
Research Objectives & modeling approach This study aims at identifying the current and future interrelationships between water availability from a freshwater river system and the growing water demands from industry, agriculture and urban sectors in the context of climate change and water pollution, A coupled system dynamics and Decision Bayesian networks approach is applied as an effective methodology to understand these interrelationships and to initiate the most plausible options for adaptation actions for Hai Phong city.
Climate change generation sub-model Sea level rise sub-model Water quality & river flow sub-model Participatory adaptation options Water Supply and Demand System Model Validation & Calibration Time slide results (215, 23, 25, 21) Decision Support System Population sub-model Economic data Optimization & sensitivity analysis Most cost-effective and plausible adaptation actions
Acknowledgements Special thanks go to Griffith University for funding this PhD program. Deep gratitude goes to Hai Phong Statistic Department, Hai Phong Centre for Environmental Monitoring, Hai Phong Centre for Land Use Management, Northeast Meteorological and Weather Stations, and Hai Phong Water Supply Company, An Hai Irrigation System Management Company, Thuy Nguyen Irrigation System Management Company, Da Do Irrigation System Management Company for their supports and providing data. Thank you for your attention!