A visit to the University of Novi Sad for academic staff exchange program 722 May 2007 Funded by PSU, Fac. of Natural Resources and Dept. of Animal Science Novi Sad Novi Sad is the capital of the northern Serbian province of Vojvodina, and the administrative centre of the South Bačka District. Novi Sad is Serbia's secondlargest city, after Belgrade[1][2]. In its most recent official census from2002, the city had an urban population of216,583, while its municipal population was299,294. The city is located on the border of the Bačka and Syrmia regions, on the banks of the Danube river and DanubeTisaDanube Canal, while facing the northern slopes of Fruška Gora mountain. Since it was founded in1694, Novi Sad became the centre of Serbian culture and earned its nickname Serbian Athens. Today, Novi Sad is a large industrial and financial centre of the Serbian economy; and it is also one of the biggest construction sites in the region.[3] Scientific Veterinary Institute Novi Sad Novi Sad, Serbia 1950 established 1998 accredited as the Institute for Lab. examination EN45001 2002 gained ISO9001:2000 2003 International Crown Award (B.I.D.QC. Convention) 2004 accredited as the institute for Lab. examination 17025:2001 Built 1929 1
Department for laboratory investigation Dr.Branka Vidic, the director of Vet.Institute Unit for biochemistry, cytology and genetics Unit for clinical bacteriology Unit for virology Unit for serology Unit for drug examinations: in vivo & vitro Unit for food examinations Unit for feed examinations Other facilities supporting lab. investigation Biosafety level 3 (for zoonosis eg. Bird flu) SPF chicken Animal inoculation unit for testing hazardous disease Department for epizootiology and health protection Unit for general/ common epizootiology (fishes and bees) Unit for epizootiology and health protection of ruminants and horses Unit for epizootiology and health protection of swine Unit for epizootiology and health protection of poultry and wild animals Unit for reproduction Staff About 90 employed 13 Ph.D. 10 masters researchers few bachelors 5 principle fellows Every unit has 23 researchers Collaborative output of the program writing a literature review on small ruminant update in Thailand and Serbia And 2 proposals namely 1 Production of organic fertilizers from the biodegradable waste in the poultry industry of Western Balkan countries and Asia (Serbian leader) 2 Effect of growth promoters to growth performance and survival of preweaning kids (Thai leader) 2
Itinerary 78 May 2007 Flew from Hat Yai Beograd Took a coach from Beograd to Novi Sad Welcome party in Novi Sad Wed 9 May 2007 Met Director, Dr. Branka Vidic, and some principal research fellows Veterinary Institute laboratory tour Arrangement for living Thurs 10 May 2007 Visited a lameness case in dairy cattle farm at Backa Palanka and a beef cattle farm nearby Post mortem kid ( goat offspring) at Vet. Institute Fri 11 May 2007 Visited two beef sheep farms at Sremska Kamenica and at Divos Demonstrated pregnancy test using ultrasonography in dairy cattle Post mortem an aborted fetus at Vet. Institute Sat 12 May 2007 to Fruskagora mountain Sun 13 May 2007 to Sremski Karlovcy (old city of Novi Sad) Itinerary Mon 14 May 2007 Post mortem an aborted fetus and chickens at Vet. Institute Visited two dairy goat farms at Cenej village Tue 15 May 2007 Demonstrated devices used for reproductive treatment of ruminant and explained some laboratory testings Visited a dairy goat farm at Indija Wed 16 May 2007 Demonstrated devices used for reproductive treatment Visited a dairy cattle farm and a dairy goat farm Thu 17 May 2007 Explored Agricultural Fair of Novi Sad Fri 18 May 2007 Went to a sheep farm at Matijevac village Sat 19 May 2007 to Beograd Sun 20 May 2007 to Subotica ( a city next to Hungarian border) attended Farewell party 2122 May 2007 Left for Zurich and Thailand Type of visit Goat farms Sheep farms Cattle farms Goat production Dairy goat production Dairy breed: Alpine (predominant) Sanen ก ก ก.. ก.. ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก 10 ก ก ก Clostridium perfringens 2 1 3
Dairy goat production Maturity age: male 1 y, female 9 m!" 51! ' * * Goat production a high producing, highly nutritious perennial legume capable of growing in a wide range of environments but will not grow on acid or wet soils. Lucerne paddocks must be rotationally grazed and can cause cattle to bloat. On horse enterprises the best use of pure lucerne is for short grazings or for hay production. Lucerne has the ability to provide quality feed in summer as it has a deep tap root that makes use of summer rainfall. It can be grown with or without irrigation. Feed: Lucerne grass Goat production Feeding Lucerne 2.53 kg/ / *!" # #!" " % 16% *!" 5001500 g/ ( )/ % & / / # ) "!" 3 # Lucerne Sugar beet meal Goat production Commercial milking parlour Milking!" 260270 d/lactation #, 8001500 l/lact *, # % & 3.54 l (2 '/ ) 12! "! #! " " $! " %&'( ) ( *#& # + $,' $ $# #(",' *#& " ( 4
Key factors ก Clean sanitation Good ventilation Clean udder Health problems Goat production ก (scabby mouth) Breed: Merino, Texel, Suffolk, Cigaya (native) Lambing 2 times/year Kid is with sheep for 2.5 m Ratio male: female 1:50 Landuse 5 hectares for 200 heads Conserved breeds Puberty 68 months depending on the breed Ram 34 months can weight 4050 kg Wool production: female 44.5 kg/head, male 6.57 kg/head Vaccination: Clostridium perfringens at 2 m and booster 15 d later, then once a year Quarantine and check for diseases: Maedi Visna infection Para TB Brucellosis Campylobacter Chlamydia Qfever 5
Feeding: 2.5 kg of dry Lucerne legume (21% prot) + concentrate 0.5 kg/ head in the morning And dry Lucerne in the evening Health problems Gangrenous mastitis Bloat Uterine prolapse Weaning mortality Acidosis or ketosis Failure to conception Ultrasonography for pregnancy diagnosis to classify single, twin, triplet lambs Very helpful for feeding management Breed: Simmental (beef cattle) Holstein Friesian (dairy cattle) Environment Environment 6
Calf rearing Feed mixer Average milk production/cattle/day 24 kg Pregnancy diagnosis using ultrasonography More efficient in case Of very early pregnancy Milking parlour Movable milking machine Domestic milk and milk product processing Health problems Lameness (ulcer at interdigital space) Cause: poor nutrition + infection 7
Health problems Special care Abomasal displacement Ricket Infertile cows are fed with high protein grass (ad lib.) and increase exposure to sunlight (increase Vit.ADE) High milk producing cows are fed with molass (ad lib.) HACCP dairy farm HACCP dairy farm HACCP dairy farm Happy cow is used for body cleaning of cow. Automatic fecal scraper will be run 8 times/day and feces is collected in slurry well. 8
HACCP dairy farm The tag at the neck is electronic and is connected to computer. Everything will be under control and data of that herd will be analyzed by using software. HACCP dairy farm Critical control points: 1 All cows are free from mastitis 2 All cows are under limit of chemical residues 3 All cows have no biological contamination of milk (no clot, blood in milk) 4 Milk must be kept cool at 26 C Using stomach tube Using stomach tube Examine rumen fluid, identify and count active rumen protozoa Using BioMos (Prebiotic) Increase immunity Reduce weaning mortality Growth promoter transfer to another cow in case of rumen indigestion 9
Filtering dust from leftover crop To increase more digestible materials 10
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