Tasiujaq Umimma at Nun a a t E llesmer e Islan d Basin Ikeq Smith Sound K A LAA LLIT NUNA AT GREENLA N D Talbot Inlet Kiatak Siorapaluk Murchison Sund Qaanaaq Kangerlussuaq Smith Bay Kitsissut Appat Coburg Island Pikialasorsuaq North Water Polynya Sanerarsua Savissivik Q M d riunga ound PEOPLE OF THE ICE BRIDGE: THE FUTURE OF THE PIKIALASORSUAQ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᖕᓂᕐᒥᐅᑦ: ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᑉ ᓯᕗᓂᒃᓴᖓ SIKUKKUT IKAARTUT KINGUAAVI: SIUNISSAMILU PIKIALASORSUAQ EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: Report of the Pikialasorsuaq Commission ᐅᓂᒃᑳᑉ ᓇᐃᓈᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ: ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᑉ ᑲᒥᓴᙵᑕ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᓕᐊᖏᑦ Bylot Island PINGAARNERSIUILLUNI EQIKKAANEQ: Pikialasorsuaq pillugu Isumalioqatigiissitat nalunaarusiaat November ᓄᕖᕝᕙ 2017
Pikialasorsuaq Commissioners Foreword ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᑉ ᑲᒥᓴᙱᑕ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᒃᓴᖏᑦ Photo credit: Vincent Desrosiers The Pikialasorsuaq is an extraordinary place. It is an Arctic haven where sky, ocean, and ice meet, teaming with marine life that has nourished Inuit subsistence culture for thousands of years. It is for the people who live and use the Pikialasorsuaq that we as Commissioners initiated this work. Understanding that this special ecosystem is at risk, the Inuit Circumpolar Council (ICC) initiated the Pikialasorsuaq Commission. This Inuit led Commission was mandated to conduct consultations in the communities in Canada and Greenland that are closely connected to Pikialasorsuaq and speak with Inuit who have occupied the region and managed its resources for generations to hear how they envision the future of this significant marine region. 1 The Pikialasorsuaq is under increasing threat from various drivers of change and in turn the biodiversity and communities that depend upon it are also at risk. Most concerning are the impacts of climate change that include the increasing erosion of the ice bridge responsible for protecting the phenomenon of the polynya. Coupled with globalization, climate change has also brought increased shipping, resource development, 1 Pikialasorsuaq Commission Mandate, 2016 ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᖅ ᑲᒪᓇᖅᑑᓪᓗᓂ ᑲᔾᔮᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᓄᓇᖓ. ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᓇᔪᕈᒥᓇᖅᑑᕗᖅ ᓴᐳᔾᔨᓲᖑᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᓯᓚ, ᐃᒪᖅ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓯᑯ ᑲᑎᓲᖑᓪᓗᑎᑦ, ᐳᐃᔨᖃᐅᕈᓘᔭᖅᑐᓂ ᓂᕿᖃᕐᕕᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᑕᐅᓴᓄᑦ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓄ. ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒦᑐᖅ ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ ᑕᐅᕙᓂᕐᒥᐅᑕᓅᖓᔪᖅ ᐊᑐᓲᖑᓪᓗᑎᓪᓗ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᕐᒥ ᑲᒥᓯᓇᐅᓪᓗᑕ ᐱᒋᐊᕈᑎᒋᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔭᕗᑦ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔮᖅ. ᑐᑭᓯᔭᐅᓗᓂ ᑖᓐᓇ ᐊᔾᔨᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᐆᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᓇᔪᖅᑕᐅᓲᖅ ᐊᑦᑕᓇᖅᑐᒦᓕᕐᒪᑦ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥᐅᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖏᑦ ᐱᒋᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᖅ ᑲᒥᓴᓐᑯᖏᓐᓂᑦ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᖃᐅᖅᑐᑎᑦ ᑲᒥᓴᙱᓐᓂ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᒐᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑐᓴᕆᐊᕐᕕᖃᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᐅᔪᓂᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑲᓛᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᓐᓂᓗ ᖃᓂᒌᑦᑐᒡᒍᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᑦ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᖃᕐᕕᖃᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᒃ ᓇᔪᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᑦ ᑕᒫᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᓲᖑᓪᓗᑎᑦ ᓄᓇᒦᙶᖅᑐᖁᑎᖏᓐᓂᑦ ᐃᒪᕐᒥᓗ ᐊᑯᓂᐊᓘᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᓈᓚᒋᐊᖅᑐᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᖃᓄᖅ ᓯᕗᓂᒃᓴᒥ ᑕᐅᑦᑐᖃᕐᒪᖔᕐᒥᒃ ᑕᔅᓱᒥᖓ ᐃᒪᕐᔪᐊᖑᔪᒥᑦ. 1 ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᖅ ᐊᑦᑕᓇᖅᑐᒨᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓕᕐᒪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐆᒪᔪᖏᑦ ᓇᔪᒐᖏᓪᓗ ᓄᓇᓕᐅᔪᓪᓗ ᑕᑎᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᒪᔅᓱᒥᖓ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒃᓴᐃᓐᓇᓕᕆᓪᓗᓂ. ᐃᓱᒫᓘᑎᐅᓂᖅᐹᖑᔪᑦ ᓯᓚᑉ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖏᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᑦᑐᐃᓂᓖᑦ ᓲᕐᓗᒃ ᓄᖕᓂᖅ ᓄᖑᑉᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᖓ ᓴᐳᔾᔨᓲᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑕᒪᔅᓱᒥᖓ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᑦᑎᐊᙱᑦᑐᒥᒃ 1 ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᖅ ᑲᒥᓴᙱᑕ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᒐᖓ (2016) ii Pikialasorsuaq Commissioners Foreword ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᑉ ᑲᒥᓴᙱᑕ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᒃᓴᖏᑦ Pikialasorsuaq pillugu Isumalioqatigiissitami ilaasortanit siulequt
Pikialasorsuaq pillugu Isumalioqatigiissitami ilaasortanit siulequt Pikialasorsuaq immikkuullarilluinnartuuvoq. Tassaavoq Issittumi qimarnuik, qilaap, immap sikullu naapiffiat, immap uumasuinik aalaaluttoq, Inuit inuuniarnerannut kulturiannillu ukiuni tuusintilikkaani napatitsisimasoq. Isumalioqatigiissitap suliniut inunnut Pikialasorsuarmi inuullutillu atuisunut tunngatippaa. Pinngortitami Ataqatigiiffiusoq immikkuullarissoq tamanna ulorianartorsiortinneqaleriartornera paasillugu, Inuit Issittormiut Siunnersuisoqatigiiffiata Pikialasorsuaq pillugu Isumalioqatigiissitat pilersippai. Isumalioqatigiissitat naggueqatigiit Inunnit siuttuuffigineqartoq Pikialasorsuup qanitaaniittunut inoqarfinnut Nunavummiittunut Kalaallit Nunaanniittunullu tusarniaassalluni pisinnaatinneqarpoq, tamaanilu nunap immikkoortuani najugaqartuusunik naggueqatigiinnik Inunnik oqaloqateqassalluni kinguaariippassuillu inuusimasut isumalluutinik aqutsisimanerannik tunngasunik tusarniaassalluni imartami pingaaruteqartumi tamaani siunissami takorluugaat pillugit. 1 Pikialasorsuaq, uumassuseqassuseq tamarmi ilanngullugu ulorianartorsiortitaavoq, taamaammallu inoqarfiit Pikialasorsuup qanittuaniittut nalorninartorsiortitaalerlutik. Immap sikua Pikialasorsuup avannamut sinaarilertagaa, silap pissusiata allanngoriartornerata kinguneranik mangiarneqarpoq. Aamma silap pissusiata allanngoriartornera ilutigalugu nunarsuarmioqatigiit attaveqatigiittarnerat annertusiartorpoq, umiarsuarnik angallassinikkut, pisuussutinik atuinikkut, takornariaqarnikkut aalisarnikkullu issittumi ingerlatat annertusiartormata. Isumalioqatigiissitat suliaat periarfissatigut assigiinngitsutigut saqqummiunneqassapput. Nalunaarusiami uani inoqarfinni Isumalioqatigiissitat misissuinerminni tikeraagaanni najugaqartunit nassuiaatigineqartut oqaluttuarineqartullu tunngavigalugit, matuma 1 Pikialasorsuaq pillugu Isumalioqatigiissitanut piginnaatitsissut, 2016 Pikialasorsuaq Commissioners Foreword ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᑉ ᑲᒥᓴᙱᑕ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᒃᓴᖏᑦ Pikialasorsuaq pillugu Isumalioqatigiissitami ilaasortanit siulequt iii
Photo credit: Kuupik KLeist tourism and the potential of commercial fisheries to this northern marine region. The work of the Commission will be presented in a number of ways. This report is a reflection and summary of the testimonies from Inuit community members and provides background for the Commission s recommendations. Inuit have well-developed governance structures from the community, hamlet, or village level to the self-government, territorial, national and international representation. The recommendations are meant to support, not recreate, the mandates of the appropriate existing Inuit governance structures in Canada and Greenland, both sides of the Pikialasorsuaq. Implementation of these recommendations must be done in concert with existing activities and under the direction in Canada of Nunavut Tunngavik Inc. (NTI), the Qikiqtani Inuit Association (QIA), ICC Canada, the Government of Nunavut and the Government of Canada, and in Greenland with KNAPK, municipalities in Greenland, ICC Greenland the Government of Greenland. Eva Aariak, Canadian Commissioner Kuupik Kleist, Greenland Commissioner Okalik Eegeesiak, Chair of the ICC, International Commissioner ᓴᕐᕙᒥ. ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᒌᓐᓂᖅᓴᐅᕙᓕᖅᑐᑦ, ᓯᓚᑉ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᕐᓂᖓ ᐱᓪᓗᒍ ᐊᒥᓱᕈᕆᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐅᓯᑲᖅᑕᐸᓪᓕᐊᔪᑦ, ᐅᔭᕋᓐᓂᐊᖅᑐᖃᓲᖑᓪᓗᓂᓗ, ᐳᓚᕋᖅᑐᓕᕆᓂᖅᓴᐅᓕᖅᑐᑎᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕋᓱᐊᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᐃᖃᓗᒐᓱᐊᓐᓂᖅᓴᐅᒍᓐᓇᕋᔭᓕᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᒫᓂ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᑉ ᐃᒪᖓᓂ. ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᖏᑦ ᑲᒥᓴᐅᔪᑉ ᓴᖅᑭᖅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᓂᐊᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᒥᓱᑎᒍᑦ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᖃᕐᒪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓇᐃᓈᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕆᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᒻᒥᐅᑕᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᖅᑐᓂ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᑕᐅᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᑯᒥᓂᖏᓐᓂᑦ ᑲᒥᓴᐅᔫᑉ ᐊᑐᓕᖁᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᓱᑦᑎᐊᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᐅᓯᖃᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖏᓐᓂ, ᕼᐊᒻᓚᖏᓐᓂ ᕕᓕᔾᔨᖏᓐᓂᓗ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓇᒻᒥᓂᖅ ᒐᕙᒪᖃᓲᖑᓪᓗᑎᑦ, ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᒐᕙᒪᖃᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᐃᔨᖃᖅᑐᑎᑦ, ᓄᓇᓕᕐᔪᐊᖏᓐᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᓕᕐᔪᐊᓂ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᐃᔨᖃᐅᖅᑐᑎᑦ. ᐊᑐᓕᖁᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᐃᔾᔪᑎᖃᕋᓱᐊᖅᑐᑦ, ᐋᖅᑮᑎᑦᑎᒃᑲᓐᓂᕋᓱᐊᕋᑎᑦ, ᐱᓇᓱᐊᒐᖏᓐᓂ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᓂᖏᑕ ᐋᖅᑭᓱᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑲᓛᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᓐᓂᓗ, ᑕᒪᒃᑮᒃ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᕐᒦᑦᑑᒃ. ᐊᑐᓕᖅᑎᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᐊᑐᓕᖁᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᐅᔭᕆᐊᓖᑦ ᐊᑕᐅᑦᑎᒃᑰᕈᑎᖃᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᖅᑕᖏᓐᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑐᑭᒧᐊᕈᑎᒋᔭᐅᓗᑎᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑖᒃᑯᓄᖓ ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᑐᙵᕕᒃ ᑎᒥᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᕿᑭᖅᑕᓂ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖏᓐᓄᑦ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥᐅᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖏᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᒐᕙᒪᖏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᖏᓪᓗ, ᑲᓛᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᓐᓂ ᐋᓕᓴᖅᑐᑦ ᐱᓂᐊᖅᑐᓪᓗ ᑲᑦᑐᕐᕕᐊᑦ, ᑲᓛᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᓐᓂ ᓄᓇᓖᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᖏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥᐅᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᑦ ᑲᓛᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᓐᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᓛᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᓐᓂ ᒐᕙᒪᖏᑦ. ᐄᕙ ᐋᕆᐊᒃ, ᑲᓇᑕ ᑲᒥᓯᓇᖓ ᑰᐱᒃ ᑭᓖᔅᑦ, ᑲᓛᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᑦ ᑲᒥᓯᓇᖓ ᐅᑲᓕᖅ ᐃᔨᑦᓯᐊᖅ, ᐃᒃᓯᕙᐅᑕᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥᐅᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᑦ, ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᑲᒥᓯᓇ Exploratory fisheries in the Pikialasorsuaq ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᖃᓗᒐᓱᐊᕐᕕᒃᓴᐅᒻᒪᖔᖅ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᕐᒥ Pikialasorsuarmi misileraallutik aalisartut q iv Pikialasorsuaq Commissioners Foreword ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᑉ ᑲᒥᓴᙱᑕ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᒃᓴᖏᑦ Pikialasorsuaq pillugu Isumalioqatigiissitami ilaasortanit siulequt
Photo credit: Kuupik Kleist p Expert meeting in Savissivik, Greenland ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᖃᓗᒐᓱᐊᕐᕕᒃᓴᐅᒻᒪᖔᖅ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᕐᒥ Savissivimmiut isumasiorneqartut kingorna iliuusissatut Isumalioqatigiissitat inassuteqaatigiumasaat pingaarnertut sammineqarput. Inuit inoqarfikkut, nunaqarfikkut illoqarfikkut namminersorlutik oqartussatigut nunat immikkoortortaqarfiitigut naalagaaffitsigulluunniit aqutsinikkut aaqqissuulluagaapput. Inassuteqaatit Inunnut Pikialasorsuup eqqaamiuusunut illugiimmik Canadamiikkunik Nunatsinniikkunilluunniit aqutsinikkut aaqqissuussaaneri ikorfartortussaavaat nutaaliunngikkaluarlutik. Inassuteqaatit taakku atuutsinneqarneri aaqqissuussinerit atuutereersut malittussaavaat Canadami of Nunavut Tunngavik Inc. (NTI), Qikiqtani Inuit Association (QIA), naalagaaffik, Nanunavullu Kavamangat, Nunatsinnilu Namminersorlutik Oqartussat KNAPK-lu Eva Aariak: Canada sinnerlugu ilaasortaq Kuupik V. Kleist: Kalaallit Nunaat sinnerlugu ilaasortaq Okalik Eegeesiak: ICC-mi siulittaasoq, Isumalioqatigiissitani siulittaasoq Pikialasorsuaq Commissioners Foreword ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᑉ ᑲᒥᓴᙱᑕ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᒃᓴᖏᑦ Pikialasorsuaq pillugu Isumalioqatigiissitami ilaasortanit siulequt v
-100-90 -80-70 Axel Heib erg Island Kane Basin U m i m m a a t Nunaat E l l e s m e r e Island Ikeq Smith Soun d 75 Bathurst Island Corwallis Island Qausuittuq (Resolute) B a r r o w S t r a i t C A N ADA Tallurutit Devon Island J o n e s S o u n d Ausuittuq (Grise Fiord) Nirjutiqavvik National Wildlife Area Smith Bay Coburg Island Talbot Inlet Siorapaluk Kitsissut Pikialasorsuaq North Water Mu rch ison Sund Kiatak Qaanaaq Appat Kangerlussuaq Sanera rsua Savissivik M Kuuganajuup Nunanga Somerset Island Pr in c e R e g e n t I n l e t Prince Leopold Island Migratory Bird Sanctuary Akuliaqattaq Brodeur Peninsula Admiralty Inlet Tallurutiup Tariunga Proposed Lancaster Sound NMCA Ikpiarjuk (Arctic Bay) Bylot Island Migratory Bird Sanctuary Bylot Island B a f f i n i p K a n g e r l i u m a n e r s u a B a f f i n B a y Tasiujaq Eclipse Sound Mittimatalik (Pond Inlet) CANADA KALAALLIT NUNAAT Siorapaluk Qaanaaq Sirmilik National Park (Oliver Sound) Ausuittoq Pikialasorsuaq North Water Polynya Savissivik Q i k i q t aaluk B a f f i n I sland 70 Devon Island Talurjuaq (Taloyoak) SEA ICE SATELLITE IMAGE OFTHE NORTH WATER POLYNYA, MAY 24, 2016 MO DIS Imagery fro m http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov Kangiqtugaap (Clyde River) -90-80 -70 vi Pikialasorsuaq Commissioners Foreword ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᑉ ᑲᒥᓴᙱᑕ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᒃᓴᖏᑦ Pikialasorsuaq pillugu Isumalioqatigiissitami ilaasortanit siulequt
-60-50 -40 Mean May North Water Polynya Extent (from Dunbar (1969) and Traditional Knowledge (2016)) ARCTIC OCEAN Baffin Bay KALAALLIT NUNAAT K A L A A LLIT N U N AAT CANADA Hudson Bay Baffin Island Davis Strait 0 100 200 Kilometers 75 Qimusseriarsuaq elville Bay Nature Reserve Kullorsuaq Nuussuaq Nutaarmiut Tasiusaq Naajaat Innaarsuit Aappilattoq Upernavik! Kangersuatsiaq Upernavik Kujalleq Communities Visited or Represented Canada Ausuittuq Ikpiarjuk Kangiqtugaapik Mittimatalik Qausuittuq Greenland Kullorsuaq Nuussuaq Qaanaaq Savissivik Siorapaluk Upernavik Nuugaatsiaq Illorsuit Ukkusissat Saattut Qaarsut Niaqornat Ikerasak Uummannaq 70 Qeqertaq Saqqaq ik -60 Qeqertarsuaq Oqaatsut Kangerluk Ilulissat Ilimanaq Qeqertarsuaq Ilulissat Ice Fjord Qasigiannguit Kitsussunnguit Green Ejland -50 p The Pikialasorsuaq (North Water Polynya) is located between Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada and Greenland ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᖅ (ᓴᕐᕙᖅ) ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑑᑉ ᕿᑭᖅᑕᖓ, ᓄᓇᕗᑦ, ᑲᓇᑕ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᓛᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᑦᑕ ᐊᑯᕐᖃᖓᓃᑦᑐᖅ Pikialasorsuaq Nunavumi Umimmaat Nunaata Kalaallit Nunaatalu akornanniippoq Pikialasorsuaq Commissioners Foreword ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᑉ ᑲᒥᓴᙱᑕ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᒃᓴᖏᑦ Pikialasorsuaq pillugu Isumalioqatigiissitami ilaasortanit siulequt vii
Executive Summary ᐅᓂᒃᑳᑉ ᓇᐃᓈᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ Pingaarnersiuilluni eqikkaaneq Pikialasorsuaq means great upwelling and is the Kalaallisut (West Greenlandic) name for the North Water Polynya shared by Canada and Greenland. Polynyas are areas of open water that remain ice-free throughout the winter due to ocean and wind currents. They are incredibly rich, diverse areas teaming with marine life, in part as a result of the upwelling of nutrient-rich waters. The Pikialasorsuaq is the largest polynya in the Arctic and the most biologically productive region north of the Arctic Circle. This ecosystem has supported Inuit for millennia and is central to Inuit hunting and harvesting. Inuit on both the Canadian and Greenlandic sides of the Pikialasorsuaq have recognized the area as critical habitat for many migratory species upon which they depend for their food security as well as cultural and spiritual connections. In short, the health of the Pikialasorsuaq directly influences the health and well-being of Inuit communities in the Pikialasorsuaq region. The Pikialasorsuaq is seriously threatened by rapid change in the region including climatic and environmental change, increased shipping activities, tourism, oil and gas exploration and development. In recent years, the northern ice bridge in Kane Basin that influences the formation of the polynya has become less stable and as a result, the polynya less defined. The consequences of this change, linked to larger climatic shifts, are widely unknown. With the awareness that this special ecosystem is at risk, the Inuit Circumpolar Council (ICC) initiated the Pikialasorsuaq Commission. This Inuit-led Commission ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᖅ ᑐᑭᓕᒃ ᑲᓛᖠᓱᑦ ᓴᕐᕚᓗᒻᒥᒃ (ᑲᓛᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᓐᓂ ᐱᖓᓐᓇᖓᑕ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖓ) ᐅᐊᖕᓇᒥ ᑕᕆᐅᖓᑕ ᓴᕐᕙᖓ ᑲᑐᔾᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᒧᑦ ᑲᓛᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᓐᓄᓗ. ᓴᕐᕚᓗᐃᑦ ᐃᒪᐃᓐᓇᐅᕗᑦ ᓯᑯᒍᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᓕᒫᒃᑯᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᕐᒥ ᒪᓕᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᓄᕆᖓᓄᑦ. ᐊᒃᓱᒻᒪᕆᐊᓗᒃ ᑭᓱᕈᓘᔭᓕᒃ, ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᑦᑐᓂᑦ ᐳᐃᔨᖃᐅᖅᑐᓂ, ᐃᓚᖓᒍᑦ ᐆᒪᔪᖃᐅᕈᓘᔭᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᓴᕐᕙᖅ ᐃᒪᖓ. ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᖅ ᐊᖏᓛᖑᕗᖅ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᓴᕐᕙᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐆᒪᔪᖃᐅᓛᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᐅᐊᖕᓇᒥ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᑕ ᑭᓪᓕᖓᓂᒃ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᒪᖅ ᓇᔪᒐᐅᓲᖅ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᐃᓯᒪᓂᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᒃ ᑕᐃᒪᙵᓕᒫᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑐᑦᑕᕐᕕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᕝᕕᐅᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑮᓐᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑲᓛᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᓐᓂᓗ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᕐᒥ ᐃᓕᓴᖅᓯᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐱᕐᔪᐊᖑᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐆᒪᔪᖃᕐᕕᒃ ᐊᒥᓱᓄᑦ ᓅᑉᐸᑦᑐᓄᑦ ᐆᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᒪᐅᙵᓲᖑᓪᓗᑎᑦ ᓂᕿᖃᕐᕕᐅᓲᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᕐᒧᑦ ᐅᑉᐱᓂᕐᒧᓪᓗ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓲᖑᓪᓗᓂ. ᓇᐃᑦᑐᒃᑯᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕆᓗᒍ, ᖃᓄᐃᑦᑕᐃᓕᓂᖓ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᑉ ᐊᑦᑐᐃᓂᖃᑲᐅᑎᒋᔪᖅ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᖅᑕᐃᓕᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᑦᑕᐃᓕᓂᖏᓐᓄᓪᓗ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖏᑦ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᕐᒥᐅᑕᐅᔪᑦ. ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᖅ ᐊᑦᑕᓇᖅᑐᒦᓕᕐᒪᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᑉ ᓯᓚᖓ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᓗᐊᓕᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᕙᑎᒧᑦ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᕈᑕᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᒥᓱᕈᖅᓯᒪᓕᖅᑐᑦ ᐅᓯᑲᖅᑕᖅᑏᑦ, ᐳᓚᕋᖅᑐᓕᕆᓂᖅ, ᐅᖅᓱᐊᓗᓐᓂᐊᖅᑏᑦ ᒑᓯᓐᓂᐊᖅᑏᓪᓗ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᒦᙶᖅᑐᓂᑦ ᐅᔭᕋᖅᑕᕈᒪᔪᑦ ᐅᖅᓱᐊᓗᓐᓂᐊᕈᒪᔪᓪᓗ. ᐊᕐᕌᒍᕋᑖᖑᔪᓂᑦ, ᐅᐊᓐᓇᖓᓂ ᓯᑯ ᐃᑳᕈᑎᖓ ᑲᐃᓐ ᕙᐃᓯᓐᖓ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᖓᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᓴᕐᕙᑉ ᐋᖅᑭᒍᑎᖃᖅᑎᑦᑎᓲᖅ ᓱᕋᓐᓂᐅᔭᐃᓐᓇᓕᕐᒪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᓐᓂᖓᓄᑦ, ᓴᕐᕙᖅ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᖓᓂᖓ ᓇᓗᓇᕐᓂᖅᓴᐅᓕᖅᑐᓂ. ᐊᓯᔾᔨᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᖓ, ᑲᓱᕈᑕᐅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᐊᖏᓂᖅᓴᓄᑦ ᓯᓚᑉ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᕐᓂᖓᑕ, ᖃᓄᐃᓕᖓᓛᕐᒪᖔᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᙱᓗᐊᖅᑐᖅ. viii Executive Summary ᐅᓂᒃᑳᑉ ᓇᐃᓈᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ Pingaarnersiuilluni eqikkaaneq
Photo credit: Christopher Debicki p Pikialasorsuaq Commission arriving in Qaanaaq, Greenland ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᖅ ᑲᒥᓴᙱᑦ ᑎᑭᑦᑐᑦ ᖄᓈᖅ, ᑲᓛᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᑦ Isumalioqatigiissitat Qaanaamut tikittut Pikialasorsuaq imartamut Nunatta Avannaata Canadallu avannaata akornanniittumut kalaallisut (kitaamiusut) taaguuteqartinneqarpoq, imartaq nunat taakku marluk ataatsimoorussaraat. Nunavut-mi imatut taaguuteqartippaat Sarvaaq, Ikeq il.il. aamma tuluttut North Water Polynya. Imartat taamaattut ukioq kaajallallugu sikuuneq ajorput immap sarfaanit anorimillu ammatitaallutik. Uumassusilinnit assigiinngitsorpassuarnit uummaviupput, ilaatigut inuussutissartalinnik imaanit pikialasoqartarnera pissutigalugu. Pikialasorsuaq tassaavoq issittumi imartat taamaattut annersaat aamma tassaavoq issittup killeqarfiata avannaani pinngorarfiit annersaat. Tamaani uumasoqatigiiaat naggueqatigiit Inuit ukiuni tusintilikkaani nappatigisimavaat. Inuit nunatsinni Canadamilu imartaq tamanna uumasunut ingerlaartartunut arlalissuarnut pingaaruteqarluinnartutut isigaat, taamaattumillu inuuniarnerminnut inuiattullu inuusaatsiminnut, kinaassutsiminnut anersaakkullu inuuneqarnerminnut qitiulluinnartutut isigalugu. Pikialasorsuup innarlerneqarani piuinnarsinnaanera Inuit Pikialasorsuup qanittuani najugaqartut peqqissusiannut inuuniarnikkullu atugaannut toqqaannartumik sunniuteqarpoq. Silap pissusiata allanngoriartorneranit tamaanilu nunarsuup ilaani avatangiisit allanngoriartornerisa, umiarsuit aqqusaartut amerliartornerisa, takornariat, uuliamik gasimillu ujarlernerit piiaaniartarnerit Pikialasorsuaq annertuumik ulorianartorsiortippaat. Immap sikuata Kane Basinip avannaatungaaniittup ukiuni kingullerni qangamut naleqqiullugu unerisimajunnaarsimavoq, tamatumalu kinguneranik ammalataq allanngorartunngorsimalluni. Taamatut silap pissusianut atasumik allanngoriartortoqalernerata kingunerisinnaasai sukumiisumik ilisimaneqanngillat. Taamatut aarlerinartumik pisoqarnerata kinguneranik Inuit Issittormiut Siunnersuisoqatigiiffiat (ICC) aalajangerpoq Pikialasorsuaq pillugu Isumalioqatigiissitanik pilersitsiniarluni. Isumalioqatigiissitat Inunnit siulersorneqartut suliakkerneqarput inoqarfinni Pikialasorsuarmut qanittumiittuni Nunavumi, Canadami aamma Nunatsinni tusarniaassasut. Inuit kinguariiaarpassuarni tamaani najugaqarsimasut pisuussutaanillu Executive Summary ᐅᓂᒃᑳᑉ ᓇᐃᓈᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ Pingaarnersiuilluni eqikkaaneq ix
Photo credit: Vincent Desrosiers was mandated to conduct consultations in communities in Nunavut, Canada and Greenland that are closely connected to the Pikialasorsuaq. Through these consultations Inuit who have occupied the region and managed its resources for generations voiced their vision for the future of this polynya and adjacent waters. In Canada, the Commission met with Inuit in Aujuittuq (Grise Fiord), Qausuittuq (Resolute Bay), Ikpiarjuk (Arctic Bay), Mittimatalik (Pond Inlet), and Kangiqtugaapik (Clyde River), and on the Greenlandic side they met with Inuit in Siorapaluk, Qaanaaq, Savissivik, Kullorsuaq, Nuussuaq and Upernavik. In speaking to the people in these communities, the Commission sought local and Indigenous knowledge to guide the recommendations for an Inuit strategy on safeguarding, monitoring, and managing the health of Pikialasorsuaq for future generations. Each community emphasized that Inuit who live in the region are best placed to monitor and manage the region. These communities want to set and lead the research agenda, study the indicators of change, and establish realistic hunting regulations that will continue to sustain their communities. Further, Inuit on both sides are expressing a strong desire for free movement, once again, across the Pikialasorsuaq and increased ᐅᔾᔨᕈᓱᓐᓂᖅᓴᐅᓕᖅᑐᑎᑦ ᑕᒪᔅᓱᒥᖓ ᐊᔾᔨᐅᙱᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᓇᔪᒐᕆᔭᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᐆᒪᔪᕐᓄᑦ ᐊᑦᑕᓇᖅᑐᒦᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖏᑦ ᐱᒋᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᖅ ᑲᒥᓴᓐᑯᖏᓐᓂᑦ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ ᓯᕗᒃᑲᑕᖅᑎᑕᐅᔪᖅ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᒐᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑐᓴᕆᐊᕐᕕᖃᖃᑦᑕᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ, ᑲᓇᑕ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᓛᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᓐᓂ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᕐᒥ ᐊᑐᓗᐊᓲᖒᔪᓂᑦ. ᑖᒃᑯᑎᒎᓇ ᑐᓴᕆᐊᕐᕕᖃᓚᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᒃ ᓇᔪᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᓕᖅᑐᓂᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᓕᖅᑐᓂᑦ ᓱᓇᒃᑯᑖᕈᓘᔭᖏᓐᓂ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᒐᓴᓐᓄᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᔾᔨᒋᐊᖅᓯᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᖓᖁᓛᖅᑕᒥᓂᒃ ᑕᑯᔪᒪᓪᓗᓂᒋᑦ ᓯᕗᓂᒃᓴᒥ ᑖᔅᓱᒪᑉ ᓴᕐᕙᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑕᕆᐅᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᑲᓇᑕᒥ, ᑲᒥᓴᓐᑯᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᖃᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥ, ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᖅ, ᐃᒃᐱᐊᕐᔪᒃ, ᒥᑦᑎᒪᑕᓕᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᖏᖅᑐᒑᐱᒻᒥ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᓛᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᓐᓂ ᑲᑎᒪᖃᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᒃ ᐅᑯᓇᓃᑦᑐᓂᑦ ᓯᐅᕋᐸᓗᒃ, ᖄᓈᖅ, ᓴᕕᔅᓯᕕᒃ, ᑯᖢᖅᓱᐊᖅ, ᓅᔅᓱᐊᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᐱᕐᓇᕕᒃ. ᐅᖃᖃᑎᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᑎᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓂᖓ ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓃᑦᑐᓂᑦ, ᑲᒥᓴᓐᑯᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᒥᓂᒃ ᐃᓕᑉᐹᓪᓕᕈᒪᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᑐᑭᒧᐊᕈᑎᒋᔭᐅᒐᔭᕐᒪᑕ ᐊᑐᓕᖁᔭᐅᒐᔭᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ ᖃᓄᖅᑑᕈᑎᒥᒃ ᐸᐸᑕᐅᖁᓪᓗᒍ, ᐅᐊᑦᑎᔭᐅᓗᓂ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᐅᓗᑎᑦ ᓱᓇᒃᑯᑖᖏᑦ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᖅᑕᐃᓕᒪᒐᔭᕐᒪᑦ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᖅ ᑭᖑᕚᕆᔭᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᓛᖅᑐᓂ. ᐊᑐᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᐅᔪᒦᑦᑐᑦ ᐅᖃᓗᐊᙳᐊᖅᐸᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᓖᑦ ᑕᒫᓂ ᐱᐅᓛᖑᒐᔭᖅᑐᑦ ᐅᐊᑦᑎᖃᑦᑕᕐᓗᑎᑦ A man from Aujuittuq and another man from Qausuittuq pictured during the consultation meeting with the local experts ᐊᖑᑎ ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᕐᒥᐅᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᓯᐊ ᐊᖑᑎ ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᕐᒥᐅᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᔫᒃ ᑐᓴᕆᐊᕐᕕᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᑕ ᐃᓄᓕᒫᓂᒃ ᑲᑎᒪᑎᑦᑎᓪᓗᑕ ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔨᒻᒪᕆᖕᓂᒃ Aujuittormioq Qausuittormiorlu, ilisimasallit isumasiorneqarnerannit q x Executive Summary ᐅᓂᒃᑳᑉ ᓇᐃᓈᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ Pingaarnersiuilluni eqikkaaneq
Photo credit: Alfred ER Jakobsen iluaquteqarsimasut tusarniaanerni imartap pineqartup siunissaa pillugu isummaminnik takorluukkaminnillu saqqummiussinissamik nalunaarusiami matumani periarfissinneqarput. Isumalioqatigiissitaq inoqarfinni makkunani tusarniaanernik ingerlatsivoq: Canadami Aujuittuq (Grise Fiord), Qausuittuq (Resolute Bay), Ikpiarjuk (Arctic Bay), Mittimatalik (Pond Inlet) aamma Kangiqtugaapik (Clyde River), nunatsinnilu Siorapaluk, Qaanaaq, Savissivik, Kullorsuaq, Nuussuaq Upernavillu. Taakkunani najugaqartut qangaaniit ilisimasaannik tusarniaavigineqarput, siunissami Pikialasorsuup illersorneqarnissaanut, nakkutigineqarnissaanut qanorlu aqutsivigineqarnissaanut inassuteqaateqarnissamut aallaaviusussanik. Tikitani tamani erseqqissarneqarpoq tamaani najugallit nakkutiginninnermi aqutsinermilu piukkunnarnepaajusut. Tamaani najugallit ilisimatusarnikkut suliassanik aqutsisoorusullutillu pingaarnersiuinermi tulleriiaareqataarusupput, allanngoriartornermi takussutissat misissuiffigerusuppaat, piniarnermilu malittarisassiorneq piviusorsiortoq siunissamillu qulakkeerisoq ingerlakkusullugu. Nunatsinni akitsinnilu Inuit killilersugaanngitsumik angalanissamut pisinnaatitaaffeqarnissartik assigiimmik kissaatigaat, kingumullu Pikialasorsuaq pillugu suleqatigeeqqilernissaq pisuussutillu ataatsimoorussat iluaqutigineqarneranni aqutseqatigiinnissaq atorteqqikkusulerpaat. Aamma assigiimmik takornariaqarnerup annertusinera, imaatigut assartuussineq, aalisarneq, pisuussutinik atuineq kiisalu immap naqqani sajuppillatsitsilluni misissuinerit ernummatigineqarput. Siunissami Pikialasorsuarmi ingerlanniakkat suulluunniit Pikialasorsuarmut uumasunullu ulorianartorsiortitsinnginnissaat piumasaqataavoq. Naggueqatigiit Inuit Canadami Nunatsinnilu ataatsimoorussamik imartamik nakkutiginneqataalernissaat pingaarnerpaatut anguniagaavoq. Community meeting in Savissivik, Greenland ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᐃᓄᓕᒫᖅᑎᑕᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓴᕕᔅᓯᕕᒃ, ᑲᓛᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᓐᓂ Savissivimmi innuttaasut isumasiorneqarnerannit q Executive Summary ᐅᓂᒃᑳᑉ ᓇᐃᓈᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ Pingaarnersiuilluni eqikkaaneq xi
cooperation to arrive at a common vision for shared resources and Inuit-led management of the area. Similar concerns over increased tourism, shipping, fishing, resource exploration, and seismic testing were heard on both sides. Communities insisted that any activity in the Pikialasorsuaq must not threaten the sustainability of the Pikialasorsuaq and its wildlife. Most emphatically, Inuit want to rebuild a collective Inuit caretaking regime for the polynya, between Inuit communities in Canada and Greenland. This report is based on the wealth of information from Inuit across the Pikialasorsuaq region and outlines three recommendations: 1. Establishment of a management regime, with a management authority led by Inuit representatives from communities in the Pikialasorsuaq region, an Inuit Management Authority (IMA). The management authority should establish a framework for regulating activities, including transportation, shipping, and off-shore industrial development. This regime will ensure the monitoring and conservation of living resources within and adjacent to the Pikialasorsuaq and the related health of communities that depend on these resources. 1 2. Identification, in consultation with the communities in and adjacent to the Pikialasorsuaq, of a protected area comprised of the polynya itself and including a larger management zone that reflects the connection between communities, their natural resources, and the polynya. This management zone should be formed by Inuit in agreement with all parties, formally recognized by governments, and monitored and managed by Inuit to support the Inuit vision of a working seascape. Assigning a designation for a management zone in the Pikialasorsuaq has the potential to usher in a broader, more meaningful set of northern benefits and bring definition to the idea of a conservation economy for Inuit. 3. Establishment of a free travel zone for Inuit across the Pikialasorsuaq region. Inuit who live and use the Pikialasorsuaq must be recognized and respected as leaders in ensuring the protection of this area. Inuit want to ensure the viability of this important marine region for generations to come. The Commission also recommends the creation of an Indigenous Protected Area or IPA, along the lines of that created in Australia, to support the Inuit vision of a working seascape. An Indigenous Protected Area is a class of protected area used in Australia formed by agreement with Indigenous Australians, declared by Indigenous 1 The Inuit Management Authority (IMA) may be modelled after current indigenous led management regimes such as the Australian and New Zealand model of Indigenous Protected Area s (IPA). The model would support the Inuit vision of a working management regime. ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᓗᑎᓪᓗ ᑭᓱᕈᓘᔭᖏᓐᓂᑦ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᕐᒦᑦᑐᓂᑦ. ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᓄᓇᓖᑦ ᐋᖅᑮᔪᒪᔪᑦ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᐅᓗᑎᓪᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᔾᔪᑎᒃᓴᐅᒐᔭᖅᑐᓂᑦ, ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑕᐅᓗᑎᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᕆᔭᐅᒐᔭᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᕐᓂᕈᓂ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐋᖅᑮᓗᑎᑦ ᐊᑐᕋᒃᓴᐅᒐᔭᖅᑐᓂᑦ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᓐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᑐᐊᒐᕋᓛᖏᓐᓂᑦ ᒪᑭᒪᔪᓐᓇᕈᑎᒋᒐᔭᕐᒪᒋᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖏᑦ. ᐊᒻᒪᓗᒃᑲᓐᓂᖅ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑮᓐᓃᙶᖅᑐᑦ ᓴᙱᔪᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᖃᑦᑕᐃᓐᓇᕈᒪᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᖅᓱᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᓱᓕ, ᑕᐃᒫᒃᓴᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᓱᓕ, ᐃᑳᕈᓐᓇᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᓇᒧᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᕐᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖃᑎᒌᑦᑎᐊᓂᖅᓴᐅᓗᑎᑦ ᑎᑭᑉᐹᓪᓕᕋᔭᕐᒪᑕ ᐊᑐᕈᒪᓛᖅᑕᒥᓂᒃ ᓯᕗᓂᒃᓴᒥ ᑲᑐᑎᕙᑦᑕᒥᓂᒃ ᐃᒪᕐᒦᙶᖅᑐᓂ ᓄᓇᒥᓗ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᖃᐅᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑕᐅᓂᒃᓴᖓᓂᑦ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᖅᓱᖅᓱᐊᑉ. ᐊᔾᔨᒌᐸᓗᑦᑐᓂᓪᓗ ᑐᓴᖃᑦᑕᓗᐊᓚᐅᕐᒥᔪᑦ ᐳᓚᕋᖅᑐᓕᕆᓂᖅᓴᐅᓕᖅᑐᑎᑦ, ᐅᓯᑲᖅᑕᖅᑐᑎᑦ, ᐃᖃᓗᒐᓱᐊᖅᑏᑦ, ᓄᓇᒦᙶᖅᑐᓂᑦ ᕿᓂᖅᑏᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖄᖅᑎᑦᑎᖃᑦᑕᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᒥ. ᓄᓇᓕᐅᔪᑦ ᐅᖃᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᑦᑐᑐᐃᓐᓇᐃᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᕐᒥ ᐊᑦᑕᓇᖅᑐᒨᖅᑎᑦᑎᒋᐊᖃᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᒪᑭᒪᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓂᕐᔪᑎᖏᓐᓂᑦ. ᐱᓗᐊᖅᑐᒥᓗ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑮᑦ ᐸᐸᑦᑎᖃᑦᑕᒃᑲᓐᓂᕈᒪᒻᒥᔪᑦ ᓴᕐᕙᒥ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖏᓐᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᓛᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᓐᓂ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖅ ᑐᙵᕕᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᑐᑭᓯᒋᐊᕈᑎᓂᑦ ᓄᐊᑕᒻᒪᕆᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᑐᓂᑦ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᕐᒥᐅᑕᓂᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᖓᓱᓂᑦ ᐊᑐᓕᖁᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᓂᑦ ᐅᖃᖅᓯᒪᐅᖅᑐᑎᑦ: 1. ᐋᖅᑮᔪᒪᓪᓗᑎᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᐊᕐᓗᑎᑦ, ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᒍᓐᓇᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖃᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᑎᒥᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᒋᔭᐅᓗᑎᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂᙶᖅᑐᑦ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᕐᒥᐅᑦ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔩᑦ ᑎᒥᖓ (IMA) ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔩᑦ ᑎᒥᖓ ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᐋᖅᑮᔪᒃᓴᐅᕗᑦ ᑐᙵᕕᒃᓴᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᑐᐊᒐᕋᓛᕆᔭᐅᒐᔭᖅᑐᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᑎᒋᔭᐅᓲᕐᓄᑦ, ᓲᕐᓗᒃ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔾᔪᑎᓕᕆᕙᑦᑐᑦ, ᐅᓯᑲᖅᑕᕐᓂᖅ, ᑕᕆᐅᕐᒥ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᑎᑦᑎᓲᑦ ᓴᓇᓪᓗᑎᑦ. ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᑎᒥᐅᔪᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᑦᑎᐊᕋᔭᖅᑐᑦ ᐅᐊᑦᑎᔭᐅᓂᒃᓴᖓᓂᒃ ᐸᐸᑕᐅᓂᒃᓴᖓᓂᓪᓗ ᐃᒪᕐᒦᙶᖅᑐᑦ ᓄᓇᒦᙶᖅᑐᓪᓗ ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᓄᓇᖏᓐᓂᓪᓗ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᑉ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᖅᑕᐃᓕᒍᑎᒋᓲᖏᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᐅᔪᑦ ᑕᑎᖃᓲᑦ ᐃᒪᕐᒦᙶᖅᑐᓂᑦ ᓄᓇᒥᓗ. ᓄᓇᓕᑦᑕᖃᙱᒻᒪᑦ ᑕᐃᑲᓂᓪᓚᑦᑖᖅ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᕐᒥ, ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᖅ ᐊᑎᕆᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᑕᕆᐅᖓ ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ ᐊᒥᓱᑦ ᓄᓇᓖᑦ ᑕᑎᖃᕐᒪᑕ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᑉ ᑭᓱᕈᓘᔭᖏᓐᓂ. 1 2. ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᑕᐅᓗᑎᑦ, ᑐᓴᕆᐊᕐᕕᖃᓚᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖃᓂᒋᔭᖓᓂ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᑉ, ᓴᐳᔾᔭᐅᒐᔭᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᒪᖓ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᕐᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᖏᓂᖅᓴᒥ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᕕᐅᒐᔭᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᔾᔨᖃᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᑲᓱᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ ᓄᓇᓖᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᒪᕐᒦᙶᖅᑐᖁᑎᖏᑦ ᓴᕐᕙᒥ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐊᐅᓚᑕᐅᕝᕕᒃᓴᐅᔪᖅ ᐋᖅᑭᓱᖅᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᓖᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒌᑦᑐᐃᓐᓇᐃᓗᑎᑦ, ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᑦᑎᐊᕐᓗᑎᓪᓗ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᐊᑦᑎᔭᐅᖃᑦᑕᕐᓗᓂ ᐊᐅᓚᑕᐅᓗᓂᓗ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᖅᑕᐅᖁᓪᓗᒍ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐅᑐᙳᐊᖅᑕᖏᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔮᖃᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᐃᒪᕐᒥ. ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᓗᓂ ᑭᒡᓕᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᓂᖓ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᕕᐅᒐᔭᖅᑐᖅ 1 ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔩᑦ ᑎᒥᖓ (IMA ᐋᖅᑭᓱᖅᑕᐅᒍᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᐅᓪᓗᒥᐅᔪᖅ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᖃᖅᑐᑎᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔨᖏᓐᓂᑦ ᒪᓕᓪᓗᑎᑦ ᓲᕐᓗᒃ ᐋᔅᑐᕋᐃᓕᐊᓐ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓂᐅ ᔩᓚᓐ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔨᖏᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᓴᐳᔾᔭᐅᕝᕕᐅᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᖏᑦ (IPA). ᐋᖅᑭᓱᖅᓯᒪᓂᖓ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᐃᒐᔭᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐅᑐᙳᐊᖅᑕᖓᓂᒃ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔮᖃᕋᔭᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔨᐅᓗᑎᑦ. xii Executive Summary ᐅᓂᒃᑳᑉ ᓇᐃᓈᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ Pingaarnersiuilluni eqikkaaneq
Photo credit: Vincent Desrosiers p Community member comparing maps ᓄᓇᓕᒻᒥᐅᑕᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᓐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᓐᓂᖏᓐᓂᓪᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑐᑦ ᓄᓇᙳᐊᕐᒥ Innuttaasut ilaata immap assingi misissorpai Nalunaarusiaq manna paasissutissarpassuarnik Inunnit Pikialasorsuup sineriaani najugaqartunit tunngaveqarluni suliaasoq, pingasunik sammiveqartunik inassuteqaateqarfiuvoq: 1. Aqutsiveqarfimmik pilersitsineq, Inuit Pikialasorsuup eqqaamiuinik siuttuuffigineqartumik oqartussaqarfilik, Inuit Aqutsinermi Oqartussaaffiat (IMA). Oqartussaqarfiup sammisat assigiinngitsut soorlu assartuineq, umiartorneq, sinerissallu avataani suliffissuaqarneq aqunneqarnissaat sinaakkusissavaa. Taamatut aaqqissuussinikkut qulakkeerneqassapput Pikialasorsuarmi eqqaanilu pisuussutit uumassusillit malinnaaffigineqarnerat piujuartinneqarnerallu taamatullu inoqarfiit taakkuninnga nappatillit peqqissuunissaat. Pikialasorsuarmi namminermi inoqarfeqanngilaq tassa imartap atigigamiuk, inoqarfippassuaqarporli tassannga nappatilinnik. 1 2. Inoqarfiit Pikialasorsuup eqqaaniittut isumasiornerisigut sumiiffimmik illersugassamik tassunga ilanngullugu inoqarfiit pisuussutinik uumassusilinnik imartamillu attuumassuteqarnerinik ersersitsisumik Aqutsiveqarfimmik annerusumik sumiiffissiineq. Aqutsiveqarfik taanna Inunnit soqutigisallit tamaasa akuersinerisigut pilersinneqassaaq, naalakkersuisunit pisortatigut akuerisaalluni, Inuit imartaq pillugu takorluugaat malillugu Inunnit nakkutigisaalluni aqunneqarlunilu. Pikialasorsuarmi 1 Inuit Management Authority (IMA) ilusilersorneqarsinnaavoq Australiami New Zealandimilu Nunap Inoqqaavisa Illersugaattut ilusilerlugu. Taamatut ilusilersinnaagaanni taava naggueqatigiit Inuit aqutseriaatsimik nammineq ilusilersorlugu takorluugaannut tunngaviulluarsinnaassaaq. Executive Summary ᐅᓂᒃᑳᑉ ᓇᐃᓈᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ Pingaarnersiuilluni eqikkaaneq xiii
Australians, and formally recognised by the Australian Government as being part of its National Reserve System. Such a designation in the Pikialasorsuaq has the potential to usher in a broader, more meaningful set of northern benefits and bring definition to the idea of a conservation economy for Inuit. The recommendations of the Commission are an opportunity for Canada and Greenland to take part in reformulating relationships between governments and the Indigenous people they represent. Further information including photos, technical background documents and testimonies may be accessed at www.pikialasorsuaq.org as well information can be found on the Pikialasorsuaq Facebook page (https://www.facebook.com/pikialasorsuaq). Direct communication is welcome through the Commissioners Okalik Eegeesiak (chair@inuitcircumpolar.com), Kuupik Kleist (kvk@ggnuuk.gl), Eva Aariak (eva.aariak@gmail. com), or through the technical advisors Stephanie Meakin (smeakin@inuitcircumpolar.com) or Alfred Jakobsen (aerj58@gmail.com). The consultative process was an important first step in protecting the Pikialasorsuaq region but more remains to be done. Moving forward, the next steps include: uu uu uu Initiating the development of an agreement between Canada and Greenland through the appropriate municipalities, villages, hamlets and relevant organizations including Nunavut Tunngavik Inc. (NTI), Qikiqitani Inuit Association (QIA), and the Government of Nunavut (GN), local KNAPK offices, ICC Greenland and ICC Canada towards implementation of these recommendations. Formalizing an Inuit Management Authority (IMA) and its terms of reference recognizing the Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) of all communities, which will be mandated to manage activities in the marine environment that impact the Pikialasorsuaq; and, Creating a management plan including an Inuit-led monitoring program. ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᕐᒥ ᓴᖅᑮᓯᒪᔪᓐᓇᕐᒪᑦ ᓄᑖᕐᓂᑦ ᓯᕕᑐᓂᖅᓴᓂᑦ, ᑐᑭᖃᑦᑎᐊᓂᖅᓴᐅᔪᓂᓪᓗ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒧᑦ ᐃᑲᔫᑎᓕᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑐᑭᑖᖅᑎᑦᑎᒍᑕᐅᒐᔭᖅᑐᓂ ᐸᐸᑦᑎᓗᑎᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᕋᓱᐊᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᖅ 3. ᐋᖅᑭᑦᑕᐅᓗᓂ ᐃᓱᒪᖅᓱᕐᕕᒃᓴᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᕐᕕᐅᖃᑦᑕᕐᓗᓂ ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᒃᑯᑦ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᓖᑦ ᐊᑐᓲᓪᓗ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᕐᒥ ᐃᓕᓴᖅᕆᔭᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᕐᒪᑕ ᐃᑉᐱᒋᔭᐅᑦᑎᐊᕐᓗᑎᓪᓗ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᐅᒋᐊᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᑦᑎᐊᓲᑦ ᓴᐳᔾᔨᓂᖏᓐᓂᑦ ᑕᒪᔅᓱᒥᖓ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᒪᑭᒪᖃᑦᑕᖁᔨᔪᑦ ᑕᒪᔅᓱᒥᖓ ᐱᕐᔪᐊᖑᔪᒥᒃ ᐃᒪᕐᒥ ᑭᖑᕚᕆᔭᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᓛᕐᒥᒻᒪᑦ. ᐊᑐᓕᖁᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦ ᑲᒥᓴᐅᔫᑉ ᐱᕕᖃᕈᑎᒋᔭᐅᕗᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᓛᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖃᑎᒌᒋᐊᓯᒃᑲᓐᓂᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᐅᔪᓂᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑭᒡᒐᑐᖅᑕᒥᓂᑦ. ᑐᑭᓯᒋᐊᒃᑲᓐᓂᕈᑏᑦ ᐱᖃᓯᐅᑎᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᙳᐊᑦ, ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᑕᐅᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᓂᑯᑦ ᑎᑎᖅᑲᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᓂᒃᑲᐅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᑯᓂᐊᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᐅᕙᓂ www. pikialasorsuaq.org ᐊᒻᒪᓗᑦᑕᐅᖅ ᑐᑭᓯᒋᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᓇᓂᔭᐅᔪᓐᓇᕐᒥᔪᑦ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᖅ ᕙᐃᔅ ᕗᒃ ᒪᑉᐱᒐᖓᓂ (https://www.facebook.com/pikialasorsuaq). ᑐᓴᖅᑎᑕᐅᒍᓐᓇᕐᒥᔪᑦ ᐅᖃᕐᕕᐅᔪᒪᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᑎᑦ ᑲᒥᓯᓚᐅᔪᑦ ᐅᑲᓕᖅ ᐃᔨᑦᑎᓯᐊᖅ (chair@inuitcircumpolar.com), ᑰᐱᒃ ᑭᓖᔅᑦ (kvk@ggnuuk.gl), ᐄᕙ ᐋᕆᐊᒃ (eva.aariak@gmail. com), ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᔨᒻᒪᕆᐅᔪᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᔾᔨᒋᐊᖅᑎᖏᒃ ᓯᑕᐸᓂ ᒦᑭᓐ (smeakin@inuitcircumpolar.com) ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᓃᑦ ᐊᓪᕗᕆᐊᑦ ᔭᐃᑯᑉᓴᓐ (aerj58@gmail.com). ᑐᓴᕆᐊᕐᕕᖃᖅᑐᑎᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑐᖓ ᐱᕐᔪᐊᖑᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᒥ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᒍᑎᒋᔭᐅᒋᐊᖅᑐᓂ ᓴᐳᔾᔭᐅᓂᒃᓴᖓᓄᑦ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᑉ ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓗ ᐊᒥᓱᒻᒪᕆᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᖃᖅᑐᒻᒪᕆᐅᕗᑦ. ᓯᕗᒧᐊᓪᓗᑎᑦ, ᑭᖑᓪᓕᕐᒥ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᒍᑎᒋᔭᐅᔭᕆᐊᓖᑦ ᐅᑯᐊᖑᕗᑦ: uu ᐊᖏᕈᑎᓕᐅᕆᐊᙵᖅᑐᖃᕐᓗᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑎᐊᒻᒫᒃ ᒐᕙᒪᕐᔪᐊᖏᑦ, ᐱᖃᓯᐅᑎᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᓯᖏᑦ ᑎᒥᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒌᒍᑎᓕᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᕋᔭᖅᑐᑦ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓄᓇᓖᑦ ᐆᒪᔪᕐᓂᐊᖅᑏᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖏᑦ, ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᑐᙵᕕᒃ ᑎᒥᖓ, ᕿᑭᖅᑕᓂ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖏᑦ, ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᖏᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᓛᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᓐᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᑲᓛᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᓐᓂ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᑦᑏᑦ ᐃᖃᓗᒐᓱᐊᖅᑏᓪᓗ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖏᑕ ᐊᓪᓚᕝᕕᖏᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᓛᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᓐᓂ ᒐᕙᒪᖓ. uu uu ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔨᐅᒐᔭᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᑎᒥᑖᖅᑐᑎᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔩᑦ ᑎᒥᖓ (IMA) ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᑕᐅᓂᐊᖅᑐᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᔭᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ ᐃᓕᓴᖅᓯᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᑦ ᓯᕗᓂᐊᒍᑦ ᑐᑭᓯᐅᒪᓪᓗᑎᓪᓗ ᐊᖏᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ (FPIC) ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᐅᔪᑦ, ᐱᓇᓱᐊᒐᖃᕋᔭᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᓗᑎᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᑕᐅᒐᔭᖅᑐᓂᑦ ᐃᒪᕐᒥ ᐊᑦᑐᐃᓂᖃᕈᑎᑦ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᕐᒥ; ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᓕᐅᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᐱᖃᓯᐅᔾᔨᓗᑎᑦ ᐅᐊᑦᑎᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᓕᐅᖅᑐᖃᕐᓗᓂ. u Aujuittuq (Grise Fiord) ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᖅ Nunaqarfik Aujuittoq xiv Executive Summary ᐅᓂᒃᑳᑉ ᓇᐃᓈᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ Pingaarnersiuilluni eqikkaaneq
Photo credit: Vincent Desrosiers aqutsiveqarfimmik innersuussinerup avannaarsuanut iluaqutissamik Inuillu piujuartitsilluni aningaasarsiornerinut isumaat takussutississinnaavaat. 3. Naggueqatigiit Inuit killilersorneqaratik Pikialasorsuup eqqaatalu angallavigisarnissaannut aalajangersaasoqassaaq. Paasissutissat annertunerusut soorlu assit, allagaqaatit tunuliaqutaasut oqariartuutillu www.pikialasorsuaq.org aqqutigalugu pissarsiarineqarsinnaapput. Taamatuttaaq Facebook-imi Pikialasorsuaq (https://www.facebook.com/pikialasorsuaq). Isumalioqatigiissitamut toqqaannartumik attaveqarnissamut tikilluaqquneqarpoq kinaluunniit uunga, Okalik Eegeesiak (chair@inuitcircumpolar.com), Kuupik Kleist (kvk@ ggnuuk.gl), Eva Aariak (eva.aariak@gmail.com), imaluunniit siunnersortinut Stephanie Meakin (smeakin@inuitcircumpolar.com) aamma Alfred ER Jakobsen (aerj58@gmail.com). Pikialasorsuup eqqaatalu illersorneqarnissaanut isumasiuinerit pingaarutilimmik alloriarfiupput sulili suliassaqarpoq. Siumut alloriarnissat ilaatigut ukuupput: uu uu uu Innersuussutit atuutilersinneqarnissaannut Canadap Nunattalu akornanni isumaqatigiissummik pilersitsinissaq, kommunit, nunaqarfiit kattuffiillu attuumassutillit aqqutigalugit ilaatigut Nunavut Tunngavik Inc. (NTI), Qikiqitani Inuit Association (QIA), Government of Nunavut (GN), KNAPP-qarfiit, ICC Kalaallit Nunaat aamma ICC Canada. Inuit Aqutsiveqarfiannik (IMA) pisortatigoortumik atuutilersitsinissaq taassumalu najoqqutassaanik inoqarfinni tamani Kiffaangissuseqartumik Siumoortumik Paasinnittumillu Akuersinermik toqqammavilimmik, taassumalu imartami Pikialasorsuarmut sunniutilimmi sammisat aqutsisuuffigissallugit pisinnaatitaaffigissavaa; aamma, Aqutsinissamik pilersaarusiorneq tassunga ilaatillugu Inuit aqutaannik nakkutiginninnermik najoqqutassaq Executive Summary ᐅᓂᒃᑳᑉ ᓇᐃᓈᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ Pingaarnersiuilluni eqikkaaneq xv
Acknowledgments ᐃᓕᓴᖅᓯᓂᖏᑦ The Pikialasorsuaq Commissioners would like to recognize and thank all the community members on the Canadian side of the Pikialasorsuaq from Aujuittuq (Grise Fiord), Qausuittuq (Resolute Bay), Ikpiarjuk (Arctic Bay), Mittimatalik (Pond Inlet), and Kanngiqtugaapik (Clyde River), and on the Greenlandic side from Siorapaluk, Qaanaaq, Savissivik, Kullorsuaq, Nuussuaq, and Upernavik. The hunters, knowledge holders, and community members gave their time freely and shared their knowledge and passion for the past, present, and future of the Pikialasorsuaq. They welcomed us into their communities and homes with open hearts. Thanks also goes to the technical team of Alfred ER Jakobsen, Stephanie Meakin, Bjarne Lyberth, Mads Ole Kristiansen, Tukuminngiaq Nykjær Olsen, Christopher Debicki, Paul Crowley, Vincent Desrosiers, Anda Hansen, Rob Aube, Claudio Aporta, Agata Durkalec, the King Air pilots, the captain and crew of the Adolf Jensen, translators, interpreters, and the staff of ICC Canada and Greenland who supported the Commission. The Commissioners also recognize the support from the Kalaallit Nunaanni Aalisartut Piniartullu Kattuaffiat (KNAPK) local branches, the Hamlet Councils, Qikiqtani Inuit Association (QIA), and Nunavut Tunngavik Incorporated (NTI). Thanks to Dalee Sambo Dorough (University of Alaska), Dany Dumont (University of Rimouski), David Barber (University of Manitoba), and Nigel Banks (University of Calgary) for technical and legal advice. This project would not have been possible without the support of our funders The Oak Foundation, The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Oceans North Canada, and the World Wildlife Fund Canada Arctic Region. Qujannamiik. Qujanaq. Aingai. ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᖅ ᑲᒥᓴᓐᑯᖏᑦ ᐃᓕᓴᖅᓯᔪᒪᕗᑦ ᖁᔭᓐᓇᒦᕈᒪᓪᓗᑎᓪᓗ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᒻᒥᐅᑕᐅᔪᓂᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑕᓂᑦ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᕐᒥ ᓲᕐᓗᒃ ᐅᑯᓇᙶᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᖅ, ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᖅ, ᐃᒃᐱᐊᕐᔪᒃ, ᒥᑦᑎᒪᑕᓕᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᖏᖅᑐᒑᐱᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᓛᖡ ᓄᓈᓐᓂ ᓯᐅᕋᐸᓗᒃ, ᖄᓈᖅ, ᓴᕕᔅᓯᕕᒃ, ᑯᖢᖅᓱᐊᖅ, ᓅᔅᓱᐊᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᐱᕐᓇᕕᒃ. ᐊᖑᓇᓱᑦᑏᑦ, ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔩᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᓕᒻᒥᐅᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᔪᓐᓇᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐅᐸᒍᓐᓇᖅᑐᑎᑦ, ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓂᖏᓐᓂᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᓪᓗᑎᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᐊᑦᑎᐊᕈᒧᑦ ᐳᐃᒍᖁᙱᑕᖏᓐᓄᑦ, ᐅᓪᓗᒥᒧᑦ ᐃᑉᐱᒍᓱᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓯᕗᓂᒃᓴᖓᓄᑦ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᑉ. ᑐᙵᓱᐊᑎᑉᐸᓚᐅᕌᑎᒍᑦ ᓄᓇᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᒪᑐᐃᖓᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᑎᑦ ᐆᒻᒪᑎᖏᑦ. ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖁᔭᓐᓇᒦᕆᓪᓗᑎᒍᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔩᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᖏᑦ ᐊᓪᕗᕋᑦ ᔭᐃᑯᑉᓴᓐ, ᕕᔭᕐᓐ ᓕᕗᑦ, ᑯᕆᔅᑕᐳᕐ ᑎᐱᑭ, ᐹᓪ ᑯᕋᐅᓕ, ᓯᑕᐸᓂ ᒦᑭᓐ, ᕕᓐᓴᓐᑦ ᑎᔅᕈᓯᐅᕐᔅ, ᐊᓐᑕ ᕼᐊᓐᓴᓐ, ᕌᑉ ᐊᐅᑉ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑭᖕ ᐃᐅᕐ ᐊᖁᑎᖏᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖃᖓᑖᓲᕐᒥ ᐊᖁᑎᖓ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᖏᓪᓗ ᐊᑐᓪᑉ ᔨᐊᓐᓴᓐ, ᑐᑭᓕᐅᕆᔩᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑐᓵᔩᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᖏᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥᐅᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖏᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᓛᖡ ᓄᓈᓐᓂ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᐃᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᑲᒥᓴᓐᑯᓐᓂ. ᑲᒥᓯᓇᐅᔪᑦ ᐃᓕᓴᖅᓯᒋᕗᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᐃᓚᐅᕐᓂᖏᑦ ᑲᓛᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᓐᓂ ᐋᓕᓴᖅᑐᑦ ᐱᓂᐊᖅᑐᓪᓗ ᑲᑦᑐᐊᕐᕕᐊ ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᐊᓪᓚᕝᕕᓖᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᕼᐊᒻᓚᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᑦ, ᕿᑭᖅᑕᓂ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᑐᙵᕕᒃ ᑎᒥᖓ. ᖁᔭᓐᓇᒦᒃ ᑕᓖ ᓴᒻᐳ ᑐᕈ (ᐊᓛᓯᑲ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᓴᕐᕕᕐᔪᐊᖓ), ᑕᐃᓂ ᑐᒫᓐᑦ (ᕆᒧᔅᑭ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᓴᕐᕕᕐᔪᐊᖓ), ᑕᐃᕕᑎ ᕚᕐᕗᕐ (ᒫᓂᑑᕙ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᓴᕐᕕᕐᔪᐊᖓ), ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓇᐃᔪᓪ ᕚᓐᒃᔅ (ᑲᓪᒍᕆ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᓴᕐᕕᕐᐊᖓ) ᐱᔭᕆᐊᑐᓂᖅᓴᓂᑦ ᑲᒪᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᖁᔭᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᓪᓗ ᐅᖃᐅᔾᔨᒋᐊᖃᑦᑕᖅᑐᑎᑦ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖅ ᑲᔪᓯᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᐊᓚᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᐃᓚᐅᙱᒃᑯᑎᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖃᖅᑎᑦᑎᔨᖁᑎᕗᑦ ᐋᓐ ᕼᐃᐊᓐᓵ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐆᒃ ᑎᒥᖓ, ᒥᐊᕆ ᑑᕐᓂᑉᓰᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᒧᐊᕐ ᑎᒥᖓ, ᐃᒪᕐᒥᐅᑕᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᐆᒪᔪᐃᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖃᖅᑎᑦᑎᔨᖏᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒧᑦ. ᖁᔭᓐᓇᒦᒃ. ᖁᔭᓇᖅ. ᐊᐃᖓᐃ. xvi
Qutsavigineqartut u Aujuittuq (Grise Fiord) ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᖅ Pikialasorsuaq pillugu Isumalioqatigiissitat Canadami inoqarfimmiut immikkut qutsavigerusuppai ukunaneersut: Aujuittuq (Grise Fiord), Qausuittoq (Resolute Bay), Ikpiarjuk (Arctic Bay), Mittimatalik (Pond Inlet) aamma Kangiqtugaapik (Clyde River) Kalaallit Nunaannilu ukunaneersut: Siorapaluk, Qaanaaq, Savissivik, Kullorsuaq, Nuussuaq, aamma Upernavik. Piniartut, immikkut ilisimasallit inoqarfimmiullu piffissaqarlutik nammineq soqutiginninnertik atorlugu ilisimasatik pereersunut, pisunut siunissamilu Pikialasorsuarmut tunngasut saqqummiummatigit. Nunagisaminnut angerlarsimaffimminnullu uummammit pisumik tikilluaqqusinerannut iluunngarluta qujangaarpugut. Teknikikkullu suleqataasut aamma qutsavigerusuppavut ukuusut: Alfred ER Jakobsen, Bjarne Lyberth, Mads Ole Kristiansen, Tukumminnguaq Nykjær Olsen, Christopher Debicki, Paul Crowley, Stephanie Meakin, Vincent Desrosiers, Anda Hansen, Rob Aube, Claudio Aporta, Agata Durkalec, King Air-imi timmisartortartut, Adolf Jensenip naalagaa inuttaalu, nutserisut, aamma ICC Canadami nutserisut sulisullu, Kalaallit Nunaannilu Isumalioqatigiissitamut tapersersuisunut. Isumalioqatigiissitaniillu Kalaallit Nunaanni Aalisartut Piniartullu Kattuffiata immikkoortortaasalu, Hamletini Ilaasortat, Qikiqtani Inuit Association (Qeqertaalummi Inuit Peqatigiiffiata) aamma Nunavut Tunngavik Incorporated-ip tapersersuinerannik. Qujavuguttaaq Dalee Sambo Dorough-mut (University of Alaska), Dany Dumont-mut (University of Rimouski), David Barberimut (University of Manitoba), Nigel Banks-imullu (University of Calgary) teknikikkut inatsisinullu tunngatillugu siunnersuinerannut. Suliniut manna piviusunngorsinnaalerpoq tapersersuisoqarallartillugu aningaasalersuisoqarallartillugulu ukunannga: Oak Foundation, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Oceans North Canada aamma World Wildlife Fund Canada Arctic Region. Qujannamiik. Qujanaq. Aingai. Qutsavigineqartut xvii Photo credit: Vincent Desrosiers
Photo credit: Vincent Desrosiers Photo credit: Vincent Desrosiers xviii
People of the ice bridge: The future of the Pikialasorsuaq ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᖕᓂᕐᒥᐅᑦ: ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᑉ ᓯᕗᓂᒃᓴᖓ Sikukkut ikaartut kinguaavi: Siunissamilu Pikialasorsuaq Authors / ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑐᒥᓃᑦ / Allaaserinnittut Okalik Eegeesiak, Eva Aariak, Kuupik V. Kleist Technical support / ᐱᔭᕆᐊᑐᔪᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᓂᖏᓐᓂ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᐃᔩᑦ / Teknikikkut ikiuuttut Stephanie Meakin, Alfred ER Jakobsen, Bjarne Lyberth, Christopher Debicki, Paul Crowley, Pitseolalaq Moss-Davies, Dalee Sambo Dorough, Lori Idlout, Nigel Banks, David Barber, Dany Dumont Translators / ᑐᑭᓕᐅᕆᔩᑦ / Nutserisut Kuupik V. Kleist, Bjarne Lyberth, Alfred ER Jakobsen, Eileen Kilabuk Transcribers / ᓇᕿᑦᑕᖅᑏᑦ / Oqaaserineqartunik allattut Tukuminngiaq Nykjær Olsen, Alfred ER Jakobsen Editing support / ᓇᑲᑎᕆᔩᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑎᖏᑦ / Ilusilersueqataasoq Joanna MacDonald, Agata Durkalec Layout / ᖃᓄᐃᓕᖓᓂᖏᑦ / Ilusilersuisoq Agata Durkalec The Pikialasorsuaq Commission was made possible through the financial support of the Oak Foundation, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the World Wildlife Foundation and Oceans North Canada. ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᖅ ᑲᒥᓴᙱᑦ ᐊᔪᕐᓇᙱᑦᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖅᑎᒍᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐅᑯᓄᖓ ᐆᒃ ᑎᒥᖓ, ᒍᐊᑕᓐ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᕕᐊᑎ ᒧᐊᕐ ᑎᒥᖓᖓ, ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᐆᒪᔪᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑎᒥᖓ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᒪᕐᒥᐅᑕᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᑲᓇᑕ. Pikialasorsuaq pillugu Isumalioqatigiissitat sulisinnaalerput aningaasaateqarfinniit ukunaniit aningaasaliiffigineqarnikkut: Oak Foundation, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the World Wildlife Foundation kiisalu Oceans North Canada. 1986 Panda symbol WWF-World Wide Fund For Nature (also known as World Wildlife Fund) / ᓴᐃᓃᓯᒃᑯᑦ ᓇᓅᔭᖏᑦ ᓄᓇᔾᔪᐊᒻᒥ ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᓲᖅ ᐆᒪᔪᓐᓄᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖃᖅᑎᑦᑎᔨᓄᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᔾᔪᓯᖏᓄᑦ (ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᒻᒥᔪᖅ ᓄᓇᔾᔪᐊᒻᒥ ᐆᒪᔪᓐᓄᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖃᖅᑎᑦᑎᔨᑦ) WWF is a WWF Registered Trademark / WWF ᑖᓐᓇ ᓄᓇᔾᔪᐊᒻᒥ ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ WWF-ᑯᑦ ᐱᖁᑎᒋᓂᖓᓐᓂᒃ t Facing page, clockwise from top: Eva Aariak with her family relatives from Avanersuaq; Rhoda Koonoo at the community hearing in Mittimatalik (Pond Inlet); Ikpiarjuk (Arctic Bay) ᐊᐃᑉᐸᖓᓂ ᒪᑉᐱᒐᖓᓂ, ᖁᓛᓂ ᐱᒋᐊᕐᓗᒍ ᑕᓕᖅᐱᒻᒧᑦ: ᐄᕙ ᐋᕆᐊᒃ ᐃᓚᖏᓪᓗ ᐊᕙᓂᖅᓱᐊᕐᒥᐅᑦ; ᕉᑕ ᑯᓄ ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᑐᓴᕆᐊᕐᕕᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᓄᓕᒫᖅᑎᑎᓪᓗᑎᑦ ᒥᑦᑎᒪᑕᓕᒻᒥ; ᐃᒃᐱᐊᕐᔪᒃ Qulaaniit nalunaaqutaq malillugu: Eva Aariak, avanersuarmilu ilaqutartaani assiliseqatigai. Rhoda Koonoo, Mittimatalimmi innuttaasunik ataatsimiititsinermit. Ikpiarjuk (Arctic Bay) xix
To access the full Pikialasorsuaq report, please visit: ᑕᑯᓂᐊᖁᓪᓗᒍ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂ ᐱᑭᐊᓚᓱᖅᓱᐊᑉ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖓ, ᑕᑯᓂᐊᕐᓗᒍ: Nalunaarusiaq tamakkiisoq atuarusukkukku uani pissarsiarisinnaavat: www.pikialasorsuaq.org Inuit Circumpolar Council Canada, 2017 Ottawa, Canada ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥᐅᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᑦ ᑲᓇᑕ, 2017 ᐋᑐᕚ, ᑲᓇᑕ Inuit Issittormiut Siunnersuisoqatigiiffiat, 2017 Ottawami, Canada