Food day Friday Greece Test Friday 10 questions mc / matching from chapters 3 and 4 of Echoes. Geography s influence on Greece Minoans Mycenaeans Homer Illiad and Odyssey Trojan War Sparta Battle of Marathon Plato, Socrates, Aristotle Alexander the Great p. 139-41 Writing choice - architecture, military, art, religion, philosophy, or role of women (U must list 10 points)
Ancient Rome
What do we know about the Romans? What legacy did they pass on to us? Language? - etc is from et cetera which means and other things - ie is from id est which means an example - eg is from exampli gratia meaning by way of example - Also, habeas corpus, bona fide, & element from elementum What about the word polis? Can you think of some modern city related terms? metropolis and cosmopolitan Names of our months? Julias and Augustus Our governmental bodies? Senates, democracy and voting Plant names? Roman numerals? cedrinis, cannibis I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X
Caesar Salad?
George Clooney s hair?
Scan the timelines on p. 164 and p. 194
How large was the Roman Empire at its zenith? What modern day countries would be part of Rome?
Geographic Influences Italian peninsula - 1000 km long / 200 wide Water bodies -The Mediterranean Mare Nostrum (our lake) -Tyrrhenian Sea -Adriatic Sea Rivers - Po & Tiber Mountains - Alps & Apennines
Rome Rome 20 km from Tyrrhenian Sea Reliant on grain from Egypt and Sicily
The Etruscans A sophisticated civilization who preceded the Romans Their tomb relief carvings & frescoes reveal their customs such as banquets, gladiatorial combat & chariot races. They ruled the people to the south who became known as the Romans Their zenith coincided with that of the Greek city states Their dominance ended in 509 BCE when their last king Tarquin the Proud was expelled by the Romans.
The Rape of Lucretia - led to downfall of Etruscans Lucca Giordano Oil on canvas, 1663 Museum of Capodimonte, Naples
The Etruscan fasces
The Founders of Rome Legend Romulus and Remus Twin brothers - sons of Mars the god of war - ordered to be killed - servants saved them - raised by a she-wolf until discovered. The adult Romulus killed Remus in order to found Rome 700 BCE
Roman Democratic Republic - King Tarquin the Proud (last Etruscan king) was ousted by a popular Roman revolt in 509 BCE due to his son s rape and subsequent suicide of the noble Roman aristocrat Lucretia. The Romans then captured the Etruscan city of Veii in 396 BCE The Romans eventually established a more democratic republic in response to their dissatisfaction with tyrannical Etruscan rule. -Even until 27 BCE, Roman society consisted of an overbearing aristocracy (the patricians) and a large group of landless peasants (the plebeians). -There was often tension between the landowning Senate & the veryday people. Several assemblies of voting citizens evolved over time, owever, such as the Assembly of Centuries and the Assembly of ribes.
1. READ p. 172 - Growth & Maturity of the Republic 2. Assignment - p. 168 1,2 & 3.
1. Roman Republic - 509 BCE - 27 BCE Senate - highest authority in the Republic The Roman Republic was the phase of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by a republican form of government. It began with the overthrow of the Roman monarchy, c. 509 BC, and lasted over 450 years until its subversion in 29 BC, through a series of civil wars, into the Principate form of government and the Imperial period. Struggle between patricians and plebeians. The Roman Republic was governed by a complex constitution, which centred on the principles of a separation of powers and Roman Republic, Ancient History Encyclopedia. Last modified April 28, 2011. http://www.ancient.eu /Roman_Repu
Roman Citizens The Roman concept of the citizen evolved during the Roman Republic and changed significantly during the later Roman Empire. After the Romans freed themselves from the Etruscans, they established a republic, and all males over 15 who were descended from the original tribes of Rome became citizens. Citizens of Rome distinguished themselves from slaves and other non-citizens by wearing a toga; most wore a white toga. During the Empire, each emperor wore a purple toga to distinguish himself as the princeps, or "first citizen." Accessed from http://www.ushistory.org/civ/6a.asp April 5, 2016.
Soon, Rome s success led it into conflict with Carthage, an established commercial power in northern Africa, for control of the Mediterranean. The ensuing battles, known as the Punic Wars, spanned the years 264 146 bce. Two great military geniuses were among the leaders in these wars. Hannibal led the Carthaginian forces from about 220 to 200, when he was defeated by the Roman commander Scipio Africanus the Elder. The Romans occupied Carthage and eventually destroyed it completely in 146.
The defeat of this powerful rival sustained the Romans acquisitive momentum, and they set their sights on the entire Mediterranean area. To the east, the Romans defeated Syria, Macedonia, Greece, and Egypt, all of which had until then been part of the decaying Hellenistic empire. The Romans also destroyed the Achaean League and burned Corinth (146 bce). Won through massive effort and with inevitable losses, the newly acquired lands and diverse peoples populating them proved a challenge to govern effectively. The Romans organized the conquered peoples into provinces under the control of appointed governors with absolute power over all non-roman citizens and stationed troops in each, ready to exercise appropriate force if necessary.
Notable figures in the civil wars included Gaius Marius, a military leader who was elected consul seven times, and Sulla, an army officer. The later stages of the civil wars encompassed the careers of Pompey, the orator Cicero, and Julius Caesar, who eventually took full power over Rome as its dictator. After his assassination in 44 bce, the triumvirate of Mark Antony, Lepidus, and Octavian, Caesar s nephew, ruled. It was not long before Octavian went to war against Antony in northern Africa, and after his victory at Actium (31 bce) he was crowned Rome s first emperor, Augustus. http://www.britannica.com/place/roman-republic
Today s Ass t Choices. Create notes on the Republic era from page 172-180 5 points per subtitle xclude p. 177 if you wish. Read p. 172-180. Answer questions 1,2,3 on page 178.
The Roman Empire 27 BCE - 500 AD