Geothermal Space Heating in North China to Mitigate Air pollution: A Success story Prof Dr. PANG Zhonghe Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Contact : z.pang@mail.iggcas.ac.cn
Acknowledgements Technical advice: Prof. Wang Jiyang Contributors: Hu Shenbiao,Yang Fengtian,Duan Zhongfeng, Li Weiwei, Luo Ji Funding agencies: National Nature Science Foundation of China SINOPEC Local Support: Baodin Government Green Energy Company Institute of Karst Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences
Outline Geothermal background and Karst distribution in China Characteristics of Karstic geothermal reservoirs Sustainable development of karstic geothermal reservoirs A case study: Xiongxian City Model in North China An estimate of unexploited resources Conclusions
Air pollution in North China
Planet-wide geothermal belts
Geothermal resources rich in sedimentary basins (IEA, Road map 2011)
China: the largest user of earth s heat largest geothermal direct user China Sweden USA Iceland Turkey Austria Hungary Italy New Zealand Brazil 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 H e a t ( G W h )
Geothermal Background of China
Deep temperatures 0.5km 1.0km
Deep temperatures 1.5km 2.0km
Deep temperatures 2.5km 3.0km
Heat flow: sedimentary basins
The buried Karstic geothermal reserviors in China The total area of carbonate rocks in China is more than one-third of land area. Among them, the outcrop area is 900,000km 2, buried area is more than 2,500,000km 2.
The characteristics of Karstic geothermal reservoirs in China large flow of water the water yeild of single well is 3616m 3 /d in Xuyi, Jiangsu Low in salinity The condition of recharge and circulation are beneficial, and the value of total dissolved solids are low easy to reinjection The reinjection rate is 180m 3 /h in Xiongxian, Hebei Province less impact on environment The lower possibility of land subsidence
Typical geothermal reservoirs: Beijing, Tianjin, Baodin, Northern Jiangsu
karstic geothermal reservoirs in north China Beijing Tianjin
Niutuozhen geothermal 地热田位置 field in Baodin, Hebei Prov. NTZ Geothermal field
Geothermal and geological setting 燕山山脉 太行山脉 E O Є Qn Jxt Jxw N Ch Ar 白云岩泥灰岩灰岩砂岩隔水层
The geothermal water flowpath
A Two-Way Thermal Accumulation Model
The Successful Xiongxian Model
The Successful Xiongxian Model
Guantitative evaluation on Sustainability of karstic geothermal reservoirs Downtown Tianjin Xiaotangshan in Beijing DUAN, et al, 2011,Geothermics
The development history of Karstic geothermal reservoir (Wumishan) in Tianjin
Production history of Xiaotangshan karstic geothermal reservoir in Beijing
Power generation from low-medium temperature geothermal water Geothermal water inlet temperature :110 Flow rate:120m 3 Circulating cooling water inlet temperature: 21.2 Outlet temperature :35.8 Generator speed: 1500rpm Generating capacity :212KWh Cumulative generating capacity : 19*104KWh (2011.04-2011.09) Geothermal power plant, Huabei
Optimal production model Doublet production and reinjection model
Optimal production model Separated production and reinjection model
Geothermal potential estimate in Karstic systems in China Parameters North Jiangsu China-Min NTZ China-Max Area(km 2 ) 3950 2500000 307 2500000 Thickness(m) 4000 4000 3600 3600 Heat(10 18 KJ) 1.9 1230 0.145 1641 Std Coal(10 8 Ton) 0.48 301 0.04 410 Rec.(10 8 Ton) 987 624683 49.6 561374
Geothermal spacing heating to mitigate air pollution PM2.5 Pang et al. 2012 来源 NASA
Conclusions Karstic geothermal reservoirs are widely distributed in sedimentary basins in China which are good reservoirs due to their favourable properties, which may also be good targets for EGS. There is great potential that remains unexploited. The level of sustainability depends on reinjection. Large scale utilization may benefit from the separated production and reinjection model in the future, and enhancement, too.