CH. 1 Europe and Russia: Physical Geography Section 1 Land and Water p.10-16 Europe and Russia are part of the world s largest landmass called. The country of Russia stretches over both continents. About one fourth of Russia is in Europe; the rest is in Asia. The form the boundary between Europe and Asia. Most of Europe has a higher than the rest of the world. DEF: Western Europe has a population density of about 270 people per square mile. Russia has a population density of people per square mile. The continent of Europe forms a that juts out into the Atlantic Ocean. DEF: Many smaller peninsulas form seas and bays. These sheltered bodies of water created safe harbors and allowed Europeans to explore and to trade. They became the world s leaders in the industry.
Mountains countries of Norway and Sweden country of Denmark countries of Spain and Portugal country of Italy country of Greece contains many mountain ranges crossroads for Europe, Asia and Africa border between Spain and France blocks ocean breezes making Southern Europe drier Mountain System stretch from France to the Balkans (the ) Mountains North European Plain River divide the European and Asian continents covers more than half of Europe stretches from France to Russia most productive farmland and largest cities a large river DEF: begins in the Alps of Switzerland, flows through Central Europe and empties into the North Sea River River south longest in Western Europe (1800 miles) begins in the Black Forest of Germany, flows through Eastern Europe and empties into the Black Sea longest river in Russia (2200 miles) flows south to the Caspian Sea canals connect it to the Black and the Baltic Seas region of eastern Russia marshes and wetlands frozen 8 mos. a year east of Caspian Sea large, dry lowlands with high mountains to the
Section 2 Climate and Vegetation p.17-23 Western Europe s climate is mild because of the. DEF: The ocean breezes cool the land in summer and warm the land in winter making Western Europe s temperatures much milder than we would expect at that latitude. The northern part will still have cold, snowy winters with cool summers The southern part will have mostly hot summers with mild winters. The affect the amount of rainfall in Europe. Ocean breezes bring plenty of moisture to the coastal areas. The Alps and Pyrenees prevent Atlantic breezes from reaching areas east and south of the mountains. These areas have much lighter rainfall due to the. DEF: Eastern Europe and the western part of Russia are in the climate zone. Seasons range from warm to hot summers with mild to cold winters Temperature changes are based on the latitude. This area is too far from the coast to be affected by the Gulf Stream. Siberia is a huge climate region. short, cool summers & long cold winters very few people an Arctic climate with tundra to the north
The natural vegetation of much of Europe is. forests are found across northern Europe and Asia including the largest in the world called the. forests cover most of Western and Central Europe. Many forests have been cleared to make way for farms, factories and cities. Others, such as the Forest of Germany, are threatened today by logging and acid rain. are a major vegetation region in Europe and Russia. They once covered the North European Plain and were used for farming. In Russia, the grasslands are called the. Today, much of this land has been populated and the prairie is disappearing. The northern parts of Europe and Russia are. DEF: Few people live in these northern regions because the winters can last nine months and the ground contains. DEF:
Section 3 Resources and Land Use p.26-32 Western Europe is a wealthy region and a world leader in economic development because of their rich and varied supply of natural resources. Fertile Soil Ample rich soil available for farming (about 25% arable) Wind has deposited to enrich the soil. DEF: Plentiful and a climate make for a long growing season. Farmers are able to produce abundant crops. Abundant Water Valuable resource needed for people, animals and crops. Navigable rivers connect the countries to the sea. DEF: Rivers also used to generate. DEF: Fuel Deposits Deposits of oil and natural gas found in the North Sea. Coal deposits in the U.K. and Germany s Ruhr Valley. Resources allowed Europe to become leading industrial area. Fossil fuels DEF:
Eastern Europe has resources similar to Western Europe. Fertile Soil Rich, arable land throughout the North European Plain. The of Ukraine make farming an important industry. Water Eastern Europe has fewer water resources than Western Europe. The Balkan Peninsula produces hydroelectric power. Fuel Coal deposits are found in Poland, Czech Republic, and Ukraine. Oil and natural gas found in Ukraine and Romania. Russia has a huge supply of natural resources, but is still having difficulty turning those resources into wealth. has less than 20% of arable land. a harsh climate and a short growing season add to the difficulties few navigable rivers the world s largest forest reserves, natural gas reserves, and iron ore one of the world s top oil producers one-third of the world s coal reserves most of the resources are in making the extraction and transportation of these resources a challenge