Lecture 2 Tourism through ages
Revision Tourism is: The processes, activities and outcomes arising from the relationships and the interactions among tourists, tourism suppliers, host communities, and surrounding environments that are involved in the attracting and hosting visitors.
Who is a tourist? Who is a DOMESTIC TOURIST INTERNATIONAL TOURIST OUTBOUND TOURIST INBOUND TOURISM
How tourism evolved Agenda for today
Early travel Initially travelling was important to find food or even travel to escape danger. Ancient people were also travelling for trade. Cities along rivers encouraged water travel. These early travellers were travelling on foot to small geographical distances. Travellers were also climbing mountains and crossing rivers to satisfy their own sense of adventure and curiosity.
The Egyptians Were the first who organized cruises. The first journey for Tourism was made by Queen Hatshepsut to the land of Punt in 1480 B.C. Early Egyptians started the trait of purchasing souvenirs from the places they visit. Around 2700 B.C, the Pharaohs began building the pyramids. They were also the fists who started celebrating festivals.
The Babylonians (Sumerians) They invented money and developed trade (around 4 th century B.C). They also invented writing and the wheel. Babylonians can be considered as the founders of the travel business.
First Voyage around the World Use of Early Roads Mesopotamian roads were mainly paved dirt roads. The island of Crete had better roads The Romans developed roads mainly for military use and covered most of their empire. (some of these roads are still in use)
The Silk Road The fabled road where the east met the west. A trade route where states along this route traded. Silk was not the only thing traded there. Some sections were directions across trackless steppe or desert rather that visible paths. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-a2u001r3kk
The Classical World The Olympic games Started in 776 B.C City states gathered together every 4 years for competition The games created festivals and attractions were born out of it Lodging also became a commodity needed during these festivals
Herodotus Father of history Travelled all over Greece and Aegean Islands, sailed to Cyrene and explored Sicily and Italy. Made records of his travels. He is considered as the worlds first Travel Writer
Early Ships Phoenicians Master shipwrights Built a network of trading posts around the Mediterranean They were the first creators of maritime empire Greeks Followed the Phoenicians in becoming sea traders Improved ships and accelerated the Mediterranean trade Merchant ships also carried passengers for profit
Early ships and Records of Travel Chinese Had ministers for travel as early as 4000 years ago. Polynesians Used small canoes under 40 feet to travel from South to East Asia Navigation was accomplished by overseeing the position of the sun and stars.
Europeans The collapse of the Roman Empire was a disaster for pleasure travel and tourism. Dark Ages (from the fall of the Roman Empire to the beginning of the modern era): only the most adventurous persons would travel. Traveling during this period was dangerous. End of the Dark Ages: pilgrims were popular.
Early tourism Developments Europeans The rise of tour guides came out in the 14 th century. The Grand Tour Travelling for educational purposes Diplomats, businesspeople and scholars travelling to Europe, mainly to France and Italy
Other Early Accommodation Facilities Spas, Baths and Seaside Resorts The use of spas after the original use by the Romans. 18 th century: Spas were very fashionable Sea bathing also became popular because of the medical effects of saltwater.
Early Tourist Attractions / 7 wonders of the ancient world Do you know any of the 7 wonders of the ancient World?
The Great Pyramids of Egypt (including the Sphinx)
The hanging gardens of Babylon
The tomb of Mausolus at Halicarnassus
The Statue of Zeus at Olympia in Greece
The Colossus of Rhodes in the Harbor at Rhodes
The Great Lighthouse (Pharos) in Alexandria, Egypt
The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus
IN TEAMS: FIND THE NEW WONDERS OF THE WORLD
The Great Wall Of China
The ancient city of Petra in Jordan
The Statue of Christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro
Machu Picchu in Peru
The Maya ruins of Chicken Itza in Mexico
The Colosseum in Rome
Taj Mahal in India
What transportation means do the people used to use?
Historic Transportation Stagecoach Travel Coaches were invented in Hungary during the 15 th century and provided regular service on prescribed routes Stagecoach Travel became so popular in UK. The famous English taverns were then developed as there was a need for overnight lodging for the passengers.
Water Travel As early as 1772, market boats picked up passengers and goods on ships in canals in England. Transport service between Manchester and London Bridge (the first travel service with a coffee room The Steamboats then came (1815)
Rail Travel Automobile and Motor coach Travel Air Travel