South America Central America and the Caribbean 2002 10th Edition 1._. : f '^" '
The Contributors Abbreviations International Telephone Codes PART ONE General Survey page x xi xiv xv Latin America: An Introduction Prof, PETER CALVERT 3 The Caribbean: An Overview CANUTE JAMES 7 Latin American and Caribbean Economies: An Introduction Prof, PETER CALVERT 11 The Church and Politics in Latin America Prof. KENNETH N. MEDHURST 19 Commodities in Latin America Dr GEORGE PHILIP 26 Plan Colombia and the War Against Drugs PHILIP J. O'BRIEN 30 The Environment in Latin America Prof. ADRIAN MCDONALD 36 Central America after Hurricane Mitch Prof, JENNY PEARCE 41 The Banana Trade Dispute MICHAEL KUCZYNSKI 47 PART TWO Country Surveys See opposite page for explanatory note on the Section of each country. ANGUELLA 53 54 55 ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA 58 59 60 ARGENTINA 65 History Prof, PETER CALVERT 66 Economy Prof, PETER CALVERT 71 75 81 98 ARUBA 99 History 100 Economy 101 102 103 THE BAHAMAS 107 (Based on an earlier text by Prof. A. E. THORNDIKE) 108 Economy MARK WILSON 110 113 114 119 BARBADOS 120 (Based on an earlier article by Prof. A. E. THORNDIKE) 121 Economy MARK WILSON 122 125 126 131 BELIZE 132 History HELEN SCHOOLEY 133 Economy HELEN SCHOOLEY 135 137 139 143 BERMUDA 144 145, 146 BOLIVIA 150 History Prof. PETER CALVERT 151 Economy Prof. PETER CALVERT 154 158 163 171 BRAZIL 173 History Dr EDMUND AMANN (Based on an earlier text by Dr PAUL CAMMACK) 174 Economy Dr GABRIEL PALMA 179 187, 193 211 BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS 213 214 215 CAYMAN ISLANDS 217 218 218 CHILE 222 History PHILIP J. O'BRIEN 223 Economy PHILIP J. O'BRIEN 227 232 237 251 COLOMBIA 252 History Sir KEITH MORRIS 253 Economy DAVID BATTMAN (Revised by Sir KEITH MORRIS) 257 263 267 280
COSTARICA History Dr JENNY PEARCE (Revised by ANDREW BOUNDS) Economy Dr JENNY PEARCE (Revised by ANDREW BOUNDS) CUBA History MELANIE JONES Economy LILA HAINES DOMINICA DOMINICAN REPUBLIC History JAMES FERGUSON (Based on an earlier article by ROD PRINCE) Economy JAMES FERGUSON (Based on an earlier article by ROD PRINCE) ECUADOR 281 282 284 288 292 300 301 302 306 312 316 326 328 329 330 334 335 337 341 346 353 354 History SANDY MARKWICK (Based on an earlier article by Dr DAVID CORKILL) 355 Economy SANDY MARKWICK (Based on an earlier article by Prof. CLIFFORD T. SMITH) 361 367 372 381 EL SALVADOR 382 History ANDREW BOUNDS (Based on an earlier article by Dr DAVID BROWNING) 383 Economy Dr DAVID BROWNING (Revised by ANDREW BOUNDS) 386 390 395 402 FALKLAND ISLANDS 403 404 404 FRENCH GUIANA 407 408 409 410 411 GRENADA 414 415 416 GUADELOUPE GUATEMALA History Prof, JENNY PEARCE (Revised by JO TUCKMAN) Economy Prof. JENNY PEARCE (Revised by JO TUCKMAN) GUYANA History JAMES McDONOUGH Economy JAMES McDONOUGH HAITI History GREG CHAMBERLAIN Economy GREG CHAMBERLAIN HONDURAS History HELEN SCHOOLEY JAMAICA History ROD PRINCE (Based on an earlier text by Dr A. J. PAYNE and revised by JAMES FERGUSON) Economy ROD PRINCE (Based on an earlier text by Dr A. J. PAYNE and revised by JAMES FERGUSON) MARTINIQUE MEXICO History Dr GEORGE PHILIP Economy SANDY MARKWICK 420 421 422 424 425 428 429 432 437 442 450 451 452 455 460 461 467 468 469 472 474 477 483 484 485 487 491 495 501 502 503 505 509 512 520 522 523 524 525 527 529 530 531 535 541 547 564
MONTSERRAT 565 566 567 NETHERLANDS ANTHXES 569 History RENE VAN DONGEN 570 Economy RENE VAN DONGEN 572 575 576 583 NICARAGUA 584 History LUCIANO BARACCO (Revised by DENNIS RODGERS) 585 589 594 598 606 PANAMA 607 History HELEN SCHOOLEY 608 611 615 620 628 PARAGUAY 629 History Prof, PETER CALVERT 630 Economy Prof. PETER CALVERT 632 636 641 647 PERU 648 History SANDY MARKWICK 649 Economy SANDY MARKWICK 654 661 667 678 PUERTO RICO 679 History JAMES McDONOUGH 680 Economy JAMES McDONOUGH 682 685 688 693 SAINT CHRISTOPHER AND NEVIS 694 695 696 SAINT LUCIA 700. 701 702 SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES 707 708 709 SOUTH GEORGIA AND THE SOUTH SANDWICH ISLANDS 713 SURINAME 714 History JAMES McDONOUGH 715 Economy JAMES MCDONOUGH 719 722 723 728 TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO 729 (Based on an earlier article by ROD PRINCE) 730 Economy MARK WILSON 733 737 741 748 TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS 749 750 750 UNITED STATES VIRGIN ISLANDS 753 753 754 URUGUAY 757 History HELEN SCHOOLEY 758 Economy HELEN SCHOOLEY (Based on an earlier text by Dr M. H. j. FINCH) 761-765 769 777 VENEZUELA 778 History Dr JULIA BUXTON 779 Economy Dr JULIA BUXTON 784 790 795 807 PART THREE Regional Information REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS 809 The United Nations in South America, Central America and the Caribbean 811 Permanent Missions to the UN 811 Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean ECLAC 812 United Nations Development Programme UNDP., 813 United Nations Environment Programme UNEP 816 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees-UNHCR 819 Food and Agriculture Organization FAO 821 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development IBRD and International Development Association IDA (World Bank) 824 International Finance Corporation IFC 828 International Fund for Agricultural Development IFAD 829 Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency MIGA 830
International Monetary Fund IMF 830 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCO 833 World Health Organization-WHO 835 Other UN Organizations active in the Region 839 United Nations Information Centres 840 Andean Community of Nations 841 Caribbean Community and Common Market CARICOM 844 Central American Integration System 848 The Commonwealth 852 European Union Regional Relations 860 Inter-American Development Bank IDB 862 Latin American Integration Association LAIA 864 North American Free Trade Agreement NAFTA 865 Organization of American States OAS 866 Southern Common Market MERCOSUR/MERCOSUL 870 Other Regional Organizations 873 MAJOR COMMODITIES OF LATIN AMERICA 879 RESEARCH INSTITUTES 906 SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY (PERIODICALS) 914 SELECT BD3LIOGRAPHY (BOOKS) 921 INDEX OF REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS 927 THE CONTRIBUTORS Dr Edmund Amann. Lecturer in Development Studies, University of Manchester. Luciano Baracco. Researcher on Central America at the University of Bradford. David Battman. Writer specializing in Latin American Andrew Bounds. Central America correspondent of the Financial Times. Dr David Browning. Fellow of St Cross College, University of Oxford, and Registrar, Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies. Dr Julia Buxton. Lecturer in Politics at Kingston University and consultant in Venezuelan Prof. Peter A. R. Calvert. Professor of Comparative and International Politics at the University of Southampton. Prof. Paul Cammack. Professor in the Department of Government, University of Manchester. Greg Chamberlain. Journalist specializing in Caribbean affairs and Editor of Haiti-Hebdo newsletter. Dr David Corkill. Formerly Senior Lecturer in Spanish and Portuguese, University of Leeds. James Ferguson. Writer specializing in Caribbean Dr M. H. J. Finch. Lecturer in Economic History, University of Liverpool. Lila Haines. Economic historian and business journalist specializing in the Cuban economy. Canute James. Caribbean correspondent of the Financial Times. Melanie Jones. Writer and researcher specializing in Cuban Michael Kuczynski. Fellow and Director of Studies in Economics, Pembroke College, University of Cambridge. Prof. Adrian McDonald. Professor of Environmental Management, University of Leeds. James McDonough. Editor and Publisher at EPIN Publishing, including The Puerto Rico Report newsletter. Sandy Markwick. Writer and researcher specializing in Latin American Prof. Kenneth N. Medhurst. Professor Associate, University of Sheffield, Senior Research Associate, the Von Hugel Institute, St Edmund's College, University of Cambridge, and Canon Theologian, Anglican Diocese of Bradford. Sir Keith Morris. Former British Ambassador to Colombia. Philip J. O'Brien. Senior Lecturer in the Department of Sociology, University of Glasgow. Dr Gabriel Palma. Lecturer in Economics, University of Cambridge. Prof. A. J. Payne. Professor of Politics, University of Sheffield. Prof. Jenny Pearce. Professor of Latin American Politics at the University of Bradford. Dr George Philip. Lecturer in the Government Department, London School of Economics and Political Science. Rod Prince. Journalist specializing in Caribbean affairs and Editor of Caribbean Insight. Helen Schooley. Writer specializing in Latin American Prof. Clifford T. Smith. Former Director of the Centre of Latin American Studies, University of Liverpool. Prof. A. E. Thorndike. Formerly Senior Lecturer at the Graduate School of International Studies at the University of Birmingham. Jo Tuckman. Freelance journalist specializing in Mexican and Central American Rene van Dongen. Geographer and Vice-Principal of the School of the Nations, Georgetown, Guyana. Phillip Wearne. Writer and researcher specializing in Latin American Mark Wilson. Writer and researcher specializing in Caribbean