Peter Laimer Directorate Spatial Statistics 11 th Global Forum on Tourism Statistics (Session 4) 14 16 November 2012 Regional Tourism Satellite Accounts in Austria sufficient information for regional tourism policy? www.statistik.at We provide information
Tourism & Travel Statistics at Statistics Austria Primary Statistics Accommodation capacity Arrivals & overnight stays Trips with overnight stay Same day trips Accommodation in AT Travel Behavior of Austrians Accounts Travel Balance of Payments (Regional)*) Tourism Satellite Accounts Income from incoming travel Spending on outgoing travel Value added (direct/indirect) Labor force (TSA for Austria) *) Vienna (since reference year 2002), Upper Austria (2003) and Lower Austria (2005). www.statistik.at slide 2 15 November 2012
Outline (Regional) Tourism Satellite Accounts: What, why & how Methodological challenges RTSA in Austria: Methods used, data sources Main results 2008 RTSA use for policy: Main use for research, statistics and policy Policy needs versus statistical reality Renmaining challenges and future needs Conclusions www.statistik.at slide 3 15 November 2012
What is (Tourism) Satellite Accounting? Extension to the System of National Accounts (SNA) which enables a better understanding of the size and role of an activity which is usually hidden within such accounts. Satellite accounts provide additional information on particular social concerns of a functional or cross sector (multidisciplinary) nature (e.g. environment, agriculture, tourism); the possibility of using of complementary or alternative concepts, including the use of classifications (when needed) and accounting frameworks (e.g. TSA); further analysis of specific data by means of relevant indicators and aggregates; linkage of physical data sources (e.g. flows, employment) and analysis to the monetary accounting system. www.statistik.at slide 4 15 November 2012
What is Tourism Satellite Accounting? Other service Activities (S) Activities of houesholds as employers (T) Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies (U) Agriculture, forestry and Fishing (A) Mining and quarrying (B) Manufacturing (C) Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply (D) Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities (E) Public administration and defence; compulsory social security (O) Source: ISIC Rev.4 Administrative and support service Activities (N) Arts, entertainment and recreation (R) Professional, Scientific and technical activities (M) Accommodation and food service activities (I) Real estate, activities (L) Financial and insurance activities (K) Transportation and storage (H) Information and communication (J) Construction (F) Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and Motorcycles (G) Tourism industries Tourism and other industries www.statistik.at slide 5 15 November 2012
How is (R)TSA done? Supply Tourism Industries? (Non visitors take lunch in a restaurant, visitors are buying nontourism characteristic goods and services, e.g. clothes) Integration of Supply and Use Use Tourism consumption? (Visitors, non usual environment, main motivation of the trip, expenditure) Tourism and non tourism E Tourism consumption S consumption www.statistik.at slide 6 15 November 2012 T O U R I S M S H A R Share of tourism consumption related to total consumption (tourism and non tourism) Every good and service receives a tourism share, which is applied to the corresponding industry (Gross Value Added; GVA) Tourism Value Added (TVA) per industry, sum results in total TVA which is applied to total GDP Share of total TVA related to GDP (in %)
(Regional) Tourism Satellite Accounts (RTSA) in Austria Factsheet What is calculated Aim Subject Coverage (Monetary) information about tourism as an economic phenomenon; by integrating the supply and demand side Tourism's contribution to national and regional value added of overall Austria, Lower Austria, Upper Austria and Vienna Visitor consumption (domestic, inbound, domestic part of outbound trips), direct and indirect tourism and leisure effects Why is it calculated Legal basis Contract x National TSA: Federal Ministry for Economy, Family and Youth (BMWFJ) Regional TSA: Tourism Boards of Lower Austria, Upper Austria, Vienna How is it calculated Type of statistics Method Accounts (synthetic product: model estimation based on existing data) National TSA: Recommended Methodological Framework (UNWTO, OECD, EUROSTAT, 2008); Regional TSA: Recommendations are not available (but country experiences and best practices) www.statistik.at slide 7 15 November 2012
(Austrian) RTSA remaining challenges (R)TSA in general cannot be considered as a tool for the micro economic and business level; providing data on very disaggregated level (regionally and structurally); substituting regular tourism and travel statistics; taking into account the indirect/induced effects. RTSA in particular faces the following challenges: treatment of Local Kind of Activity Units (e.g. transport, tour operators); Residency versus domestic (e.g. Austrian residents, who are nonresidents in an Austrian region); lack of reliable data on regional level (e.g. same day visitor, SUT, IOdata); missing internationally agreed methodological standards (but: country experiences and best practices). www.statistik.at slide 8 15 November 2012
Austrian RTSA methodology, data sources Methodology: national TSA as the starting point (e.g. main results); generally based on UN TSA requirements (e.g. accounts); considering assumptions and best estimates (e.g. regional distribution); generally, yearly improved and extended (e.g. new models, data). Main data sources: Structural Business Statistics (SBS; regional break downs); accommodation statistics, regional information (mainly physical data); Tourism Monitor Austria (T Mona), qualitative and quantitative data (e.g. expenditure); other sources based on official statistics and regional research (e.g. population census, same day visits). www.statistik.at slide 9 15 November 2012
Austrian RTSA main results 2008 Aggregates Austria Lower Austria Upper Austria Vienna in bn. Euro in bn. Euro Share according to total Austria (%) in bn. Euro Share according to total Austria (%) in bn. Euro Share according to total Austria (%) Visitor Consumption expenditure Total 30.35 2.78 9.1 3.18 10.5 3.67 12.1 Non-resident visitors 16.51 0.91 5.5 0.80 4.9 1.65 10.0 Overnight tourists 13.71 0.33 2.4 0.40 2.9 1.22 8.9 Same-day visitors 2.80 0.58 20.7 0.40 14.4 0.43 15.4 Resident visitors 13.74 1.83 13.3 2.37 17.2 2.00 14.6 Overnight tourists 8.64 0.78 9.0 0.88 10.2 1.77 20.2 Same-day visitors 5.10 1.05 20.6 1.49 29,2 0.23 4.5 Second homes 0.10 0.04 40.0 0.01 10.0 0.02 20.0 Tourism Value Added Total 21.62 2.54 10.7 2.94 12.4 3.55 15.0 Direct 15.05 1.19 7.9 1.30 9.4 1.24 8.2 Indirect 6.57 1.35 20.5 1.64 25.0 2.31 35.2 Share to GDP (%) 7.7 5.8. 6.3. 4.7. www.statistik.at slide 10 15 November 2012
RTSA use for research and statistics abasisforimpact models and other analytical economic models of tourism (e.g. indirect/induced effects); reconciliation/benchmarking tool regarding demand and supply related data; starting point for providing meta data related the methods and data used compiling RTSA; starting point (or deepen) of cooperation between NSI and NTA, Central Bank, research institutes, and exchange of views with the tourism industry and identifying synergies; launching of general considerations related to the tourism&travel statistical system, including the introduction of best estimates, modeling and extrapolation methods (e.g. regarding to package tours); increasing the public acceptance of tourism statistical data and justifying new/additional research in this field. www.statistik.at slide 11 15 November 2012
RTSA main uses for tourism policy analyzing tourism from an economic point of view and illustrating the interlinks between the tourismindustryandthe economy; offering insights into tourism and its socio economic functions and impacts; benchmarking the success of regional tourism policies and fulfilling the needs for tourism policy decision makers; representing a solid basis for policy relevant issues on the regional level (e.g. supporting investment) and determining the contribution of tourism to regional value added; supporting the increase of tourism share in regard to the regional GDP; serving as a basis to justify and distribute subsidies in tourism. www.statistik.at slide 12 15 November 2012
(Austrian) RTSA policy s questions versus statistics answers What is the economic importance of tourism? What is the economic impact of tourism related policy measures? What is the size and development of the labour market in tourism related industries? What is the economic, social and environmental ROI in tourism facilities and events? but but but but (R)TSA is conceptionally not considering the different indirect and induced effects of tourism demand triggered by the delivery linkages in the economy. RTSA a macroeconomic tool is too overall; changes due to political measures might not become obvious and respective results might be statistically insignificant. So far, based on RTSA there isn t a clear indication of the effects of tourism to employment since the data availability on regional and local level is often weak. A standardized framework investigating in regard to the multi dimensional decision problem is statistically not ascertainable through RTSA, so far. www.statistik.at slide 13 15 November 2012
RTSA policy s questions versus statistics answers How is tourism being financed? How tourism will perform in the near future? How many new jobs and additional GDP could be created with more tourism? A measure of reduction of seasonality in tourism might be based on (R)TSA? but but but but Investment based information is hardly available on national and on regional level, since the funding is often spread over different institutions, nationally, regionally and locally. There is often a wide gap between the complex requirements imposed on forecasting models and the statistical feasibility. Estimates might be rather simple, but several assumptions and restrictions have to be considered. At least sub yearly or monthly RTSAs would be necessary; more investigations in this respect have to be done. www.statistik.at slide 14 15 November 2012
(Austrian) RTSA challenges and future needs Fast available and short term data, in order to identify monthly and seasonal changes, are often not available so far. RTSA data are not sufficiently detailed to make appropriate statements. Due to the lack of short term data short term impacts of special events and shocks can hardly be forecasted. RTSA results for main tourism markets are not available. Cooperation with stakeholders and research has to be extended identifying synergies in regard to data and estimates. Extension of RTSA should be considered, e.g. in regard to indirect effects. In regard to employment effects on regional level further investigations have to be done. www.statistik.at slide 15 15 November 2012
Conclusions Regional Tourism Satellite Accounts are providing a comprehensive data base related to regional tourism and to the importance in regard to other economic sectors;... as an integrating system improving and strengthening the reliability of the Tourism & Travel statistics; accepted as an instrument of political relevance; still underestimated related their analytical possibilities; not perfect, but if feasible yearly improved; based on physical and monetary data, estimates and assumptions supported by country experiences and best estimates; still being a topic to be further investigated; not cheap but with a high benefit for regional decisions makers; still waiting for an internationally agreed methodological guidelines; and fulfilling partly the regional tourism political needs! www.statistik.at slide 16 15 November 2012
however thestatisticalvision the statistical reality but never giving up! www.statistik.at slide 17 15 November 2012
Please address queries to: Peter Laimer Contact information: Guglgasse 13, 1110 Vienna phone: +43 (1) 71128 7849 fax: +43 (1) 4934300 peter.laimer@statistik.gv.at Regional Tourism Satellite Accounts in Austria sufficient information for regional tourism policy? www.statistik.at slide 18 15 November 2012
About me Peter Laimer, PhD Education Profession International Teaching Geography (University Vienna) Advanced studies related Tourism and Export Industry (University Economics Vienna) Vice Director, Directorate Spatial Statistics, Statistics Austria Head of Divison Tourism, Motor vehicles, road safety Consultancy (Tourism Statistics, TSA): EUROSTAT (Medstat I/II in Jordan and Lebanon); UNWTO/UNSD (Moldova); furthermore in Croatia, Cyprus, Hungary, Oman, Slovenia and Taiwan Contributor: TSA Recommended Methodological Framework 2001/2008, International Recommendation on Tourism Statistics 2008, European Implementation Manual on TSA 2001 Statistical Expert of the OECD Tourism Committee Member of the International Association of Scientific Experts in Tourism (AIEST) University courses related Tourism Management in Linz (tourism statistics) Tourism Management/ University of Applied Sciences in Vienna (statistics) www.statistik.at slide 19 15 November 2012