IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNATIONAL RULES AND STANDARDS IN SHIPBREAKING INDUSTRY _ ISSUES OF OHS AND ENVIRONMENT S. S. Gadkar E &SS, Dy. D. G.(Tech) Directorate General of Shipping
BACKGROUND The international rules for shipbreaking industry are primarily based on the Hongkong International Convention on the Sf Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of ships
BACKGROUND The Honorable Supreme Court of India in writ petition (civil) no 657 of 1995 in the matter of Research Foundation for Science, Technology and Natural Resource Policy versus the Union of India and other respondents hdi had issued directionsi to undertake safe & environmentally sound recycling in India. Technical Experts Committee was appointed itdby the Honorable Supreme Court. Directions were issued to the Govt. of India to formulate a comprehensive code for ship recycling incorporating the recommendations of Technical Experts Committee
BACKGROUND The Code on Regulations for Safe and Environmentally Sound Ship Recycling has now been prepared by the Ministry of Steel, Govt. of India and is now in the final stage of approval. This code incorporates all the requirements as stipulated in the Hongkong International Convention for Safe & Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships
The Hongkong International Convention for Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships Adoption:11 May 2009; Entry into force: 24 months after ratification by 15 States, representing 40 per cent of world merchant shipping by gross tonnage, combined maximum annual ship recycling volume not less than 3 per cent of their combined tonnage
The Convention is aimed at ensuring that ships, when bi being recycled ld after reaching the end of their operational lives, do not pose any unnecessary risk ik to human health h and safety or to the environment.
The Convention intends to address all the issues around ship recycling, including the fact that ships sold for scrapping may contain environmentally hazardous substances such as asbestos, heavy metals, hydrocarbons, ozone- depleting substances and others. It will address concerns raised about the working and environmental conditions at many of the world's ship recycling yards.
Regulations in the new Convention cover: the design, construction, operation and preparation of ships so as to facilitate safe and environmentally sound recycling, without compromising the safety and operational efficiency of ships; the operation of ship recycling facilities in a safe and environmentally sound manner; and the establishment of an appropriate enforcement mechanism for ship recycling, incorporating certification and reporting requirements
Ships to be sent for recycling will be required to carry an inventory of hazardous materials, which will be specific to each ship Ships will be required to have an initial survey to verify the inventory of hazardous materials, additional surveys during the life of the ship, and a final survey prior to recycling.
Ship recycling yards will be required to provide a "Ship Recycling Plan", to specify the manner in which each ship will be recycled, depending on its particulars and its inventory. Parties will be required to take effective measures to ensure that ship recycling facilities i under their jurisdiction comply with the Convention
SOME REGULATIONS IN THE CONVENTION ON THE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT
Regulation 18 Ship Recycling Facility Plan The Plan shall be adopted by the board or the appropriate governing body of the Recycling Company, and shall include: 1. A policy ensuring workers safety and the protection of human health and the environment, including the establishment of objectives that lead to the minimization i i and elimination i to the extent practicable of the adverse effects on human health and the environment caused by Ship Recycling;
Regulation 18 Ship Recycling Facility Plan 2. A programme for providing appropriate p information and training of workers for the safe and environmentally sound operation of the Ship Recycling Facility; 3. An emergency preparedness p and response plan; 4. A system for reporting discharges, emissions, incidents and accidents causing damage, or with the potential of causing damage, to workers safety, human health and the environment;
Regulation 18 Ship Recycling Facility Plan 5. A system for reporting occupational diseases, accidents, injuries i and other adverse effects on workers safety and human health.
Regulation 19 Prevention of adverse effects to human health and the environment Ship Recycling Facilities authorized by a Party shall establish and utilize procedures to: 1.Prevent explosions, fires, and other unsafe conditions by ensuring that Safe-for-hot work conditions and procedures are established, maintained and monitored throughout Ship Recycling;
Regulation 19 Prevention of adverse effects to human health and dth the environment 2. Prevent harm from dangerous atmospheres and other unsafe conditions by ensuring that Safe-for-entry conditions and procedures are established, maintained, and monitored in ship spaces, including confined spaces and enclosed spaces, throughout Ship Recycling;
Regulation 19 Prevention of adverse effects to human health and dth the environment 3. Prevent other accidents, occupational diseases and injuries or other adverse effects on human health and the environment; 4. Prevent spills or emissions throughout Ship Recycling which may cause harm to human health and/or the environment.
Regulation 20 Safe and environmentally sound management of Hazardous Materials Ship Recycling Facilities authorized by a Party shall ensure that all Hazardous Materials detailed in the Inventory are identified, labeled, packaged and removed to the maximum extent possible prior to cutting by properly p trained and equipped workers.
Regulation 20 Safe and environmentally sound management of Hazardous Materials Examples of hazardous materials on ships: 1. hazardous liquids, residues and sediments; 2. substances or objects containing heavy metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium and hexavalent chromium; 3. paints and coatings that are highly flammable and/or lead to toxic releases;
Regulation 20 Safe and environmentally sound management of Hazardous Materials 4. asbestos and materials containing asbestos; 5.PCB and materials containing PCBs, ensuring that heat inducing equipment is avoided during such operations; 6. CFCs and halons; and 7. other Hazardous Materials not listed above and that are not a part of the ship structure.
Regulation 20 Safe and environmentally sound management of Hazardous Materials All wastes generated from the recycling activity shall be kept separate from recyclable materials and equipment, lbld labeled, stored in appropriate conditions that do not pose a risk to the workers, human health or the environment and only transferred to a waste management facility authorized to deal with their treatment and disposal in a safe and environmentally sound manner.
Regulation 21 Emergency preparedness and response Ship Recycling Facilities authorized by a Party shall establish and maintain an emergency preparedness and response plan. The plan, shall ensure that the necessary equipment and procedures to be followed in the case of an emergency are in place, and that drills are conducted on a regular basis.
Regulation 22 Worker safety and training Ship Recycling Facilities authorized by a Party shall provide for worker safety by measures including: 1. ensuring the availability, maintenance and use of personal protective equipment and clothing needed for all Ship Recycling operations; 2. ensuring that training programmes are provided to enable workers to safely undertake all Ship Recycling operations they are tasked to do; and
Regulation 22 Worker safety and training 3. ensuring thatt all workers at the Ship Recycling Facility have been provided with appropriate training i and familiarization i prior to performing any Ship Recycling operation
Regulation 22 Worker safety and training Ship Recycling Facilities authorized by a Party shall provide and ensure the use of personal protective equipment for operations requiring such use, including: 1 head protection; 2 face and eye protection; 3 hand and foot protection; 4 respiratory protective equipment; 5 hearing protection; 6 protectors against radioactive contamination; 7 protection from falls; and 8 appropriate clothing.
EFFECT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF CODE ON SHIP BREAKING In India ship breaking activity is mostly concentrated in Alang and Sosiya in the state of Gujarat Gujarat Maritime Board is the nodal agency controlling the ship breaking activity it
ASBESTOS & GLASSWOOL WASTE LANDFILL
SECURED LANDFILL CELL FOR HAZARDOUS WASTE
HAZARDOUS WASTE DISPOSAL ON SECURED LANDFILL AT ALANG
PPEs AND BOILER SUIT FOR HANDLING ASBESTOS AND OTHER HAZARDOUS WASTE
SITE LABORATORY FOR WASTE ANALYSIS
AUTHORIZED TRUCK FOR TRANSPORTATION OF HAZARDOUS WASTE AT ALANG
SAFETY ASPECT TRAINING GCU CUM WELFARE COMPLEX
Training to the Workers
FIRE FIGHTING STATION
RED-CROSS HOSPITAL
MOBILE HOSPITAL