PUBLIC WATER MANAGEMENT COMPANY VODE VOJVODINE NOVI SAD
Water management in Vojvodina stands for one of the most complex systems, which affects its inhabitants in both direct and indirect manner. The nexus of the plain, major international rivers, embankments, pumping stations, ship locks, sluices, gates and canals make water the essential element for life in Vojvodina.
One should be born, grow up and live in this infinite lowland. One should deeply and to the core feel the miseries with water and troubles without it; the never-ending battle with water and yearning for water. Nikola Mirkov, engineer Conceptual creator of Danube-Tisa-Danube hydro system
TERRITORIAL ORGANIZATION OF THE WATER MANAGEMENT PUBLIC WATER MANAGEMENT Vode Vojvodine The activities of PWMC Vode Vojvodine cover the territory of Autonomous Province of Vojvodina which is 21,506 km and around 2 million inhabitants. AP Vojvodina
ACTIVITIES OF PWMC VODE VOJVODINE The activity of PWMC Vode Vojvodine is sustainable water resources management: Water resources management Water use and utilization Flood protection Water protection As an activity of general interest, water management ensures planned maintenance and the improvement of water regime in the territory of Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The company manages other activities which do not obstruct the function of water management activities but contribute to a better and fuller utilization of available resources. Main activity of PWMC Vode Vojvodine, according to the Regulation on Classification of Activities (RS Official Gazette, No 54/2010), is the engineering activity and technical consultancy (code of activity 7712).
FUNDING WATER MANAGEMENT IN VOJVODINA Public Water Management Company Vode Vojvodine was founded in order to take responsibilities for water management activities in the territory of Autonomous Province of Vojvodina; to manage water facilities for waterway maintenance and flood protection on first level waters and water facilities for drainage which are public property and also ensures their intended use, maintenance and conservation. PWMC also manages dams with accumulations, shiplocks on canals and irrigation systems, aside from the structures constructed by legal entities for their own purpose. PWMC Vode Vojvodine acquires its funds from the following resources: Budget of the Republic of Serbia Budget of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina Water Fund budget Fees Selling products and services Grants and donations Debits Other resources, in accordance with the law The adoption of the new Law on Water ( Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia, No. 76/2010) from 1 January 2011 has set out the activities of general interest in water management area, their funding resources, calculation and payment of water fees as well as the establishment of budget funds for waters. Based on the Law, public water management company has been entrusted with billing and charging of the specific fees. The charged
and collected funds are stored on the public revenue account i.e. they constitute a part of the Provincial Budget Fund. Such collected funds are used for financing the activities of general interest on the territory of AP of Vojvodina, in accordance with the annual programme for use of funds which is set out by the Government of AP of Vojvodina. Based on the contract with the Provincial Secretariat for Agriculture, Water Management and Forestry the funds acquired from the fees are transferred to the bank account of the company in charge of the activities of general interest, according to the items consisted in the business plan of PWMC Vode Vojvodine. Water fees are public income and they are collected from the following: Water resource use fee Water discharge fee Water pollution fee Drainage fee Water facility and system use fee AP of Vojvodina funds are collected from: a) Collected fees, which are recorded in the Budget water fund and allocated in compliance with the annual funds programme. Value of works and specific items are set out in the Contract with Provincial Secretariat for Agriculture, Water Management and Forestry. b) Leasing the agricultural land i.e. agricultural structures of state property which are used on the basis of Program for protection, development and use of agricultural land. The aim to carry out drainage works in specifically endangered areas and work on construction, reconstruction, remediation and maintenance of flood embankments. The funds from local authorities funds (cities, municipalities and local communities) are used for participation in joint financing of works on improvement of drainage system.
VOJVODINA S VULNERABILITY TO TRANSIT WATERS Flood areas in Vojvodina before the construction of flood embankments for 1% high water 1% of high water endangers: 1,000,000 ha (45% of total area) 260 settlements 1,200,000 inhabitants 3,840 km of roads and 150 km of railways 800 industrial structures
THE PROTECTION OF VOJVODINA AGAINST TRANSIT WATERS flood embankments The embankments have been reconstructed for a hundred year water period about 95% of total length of the Danube and 85% of total length of Tisa and Sava Rivers. Total length of unreconstructed and unconstructed flood embankments is 204 km i.e. 283 km with embankments along the borders. There are around 100 structures situated along the flood embankments that should go under remediation. Total length of flood embankments is 1,460 km of which: Danube Tisa Sava Tamiš Begej I and II Other embankments 304,16 km 289,63 km 119,77 km 86,04 km 127,79 km 532,62 km Microaccumulations Veliko Središte, Mesić, Borkovac, Pavlovci, Ljukovo, Sot and Moharač, as well as Bosut Sluice and Pumping station are also used in defence against transit waters.
THE PROTECTION OF VOJVODINA AGAINST INLAND WATERS More than 80% of Vojvodina is threatened by the inland waters: Directly endangered Partially endangered 1,630,648 ha 209,423 ha
CONSTRUCTED DRAINAGE SYSTEMS Number of systems 303 Canals 20,094 km Canal density 12.5 m/ha Pipe drainage 45,146 ha Pumping stations 155 with the capacity of 437 m ³/s
DRAINAGE IN VOJVODINA Drained areas: Bačka and Banat Srem Total: 1,423,076 ha 353,433 ha 1,776,509 ha Length of drainage canals: Bačka i Banat Srem Total: 15,023 km 5,071 km 20,094 km
IRRIGATION IN VOJVODINA: REGIONAL HYDRO SYSTEMS IN VOJVODINA II Banat Novi Kneževac Kikinda Nova Crnja-Žitište 23,200 ha 30.000 ha 19,800 ha Area available for irrigation: Regional hydro systems will provide the irrigation of: Nadela TOTAL: 29,200 ha 102,200 ha Bačka Banat Srem 350,000 ha 402,000 ha 184,000 ha I North Bačka Plazović Tisa-Palić Telečka Mali Iđoš Srbobran 38,000 ha 35,000 ha 21,600 ha 10,500 ha 10,900 ha III Srem West Srem upper zone West Srem lower zone East Srem upper zone East Srem lower zone 30,000 ha 35,000 ha 67,000 ha 55,200 ha Beljanska Bara 15,500 ha TOTAL: 187,200 ha Ada 15,500 ha TOTAL: 147,000 hа
NAVIGATION IN VOJVODINA Navigation in Vojvodina is available in DTD Hydro system and Tisa, Sava and Danube streams Length of waterways: Tisa Sava Dunav 164 km 207 km 587.5 km Length of canal waterways in DTD Hs is 600.6 km: in Bačka in Banat 355.5 km 245.1 km
POLLUTERS IN VOJVODINA The spatial distribution of concentrated sources of pollution There are 497 registered polluters on the territory of Vojvodina: Industry 326 Food industry 118 Agriculture 113 Settlements 30 Other 28 Out of 497 registered polluters: Does not treat 321 Treat (including municipal wastewaters) 71 Treat (only on a primary level) 83 The largest polluters in Vojvodina are located within the zones of the following cities: Crvenka, Vrbas, Kula, Zrenjanin, Pančevo, Novi Sad, Sremska Mitrovica and Ruma. There are 125 polluters in DTD Hydro system which discharge around 40,000,000 m3 of water, while sections of Vrbas-Bezdan canal downstream from Vrbas have the largest load as well as Begej near Zrenjanin.
HYDRO SYSTEM DANUBE-TISA-DANUBE
USE AND FINANCING OF DANUBE-TISA-DANUBE HYDRO SYSTEM Basic use of DTD Hs: Drainage Irrigation Water supply Recipient of used water Navigation Recipient of water from neighboring countries Forestry Fishery Tourism and recreation Funding of DTD Hs: Maintenance and functioning of DTD Hs is funded from the Budget water fund: Drainage fee Water facility and system use fee Water resource use fee
DRAINAGE IN DANUBE-TISA-DANUBE HYDRO SYSTEM Drained areas: Bačka Banat Total: Drained land: from Serbian territory from Hungarian territory from Romanian territory 550,000 ha 510,000 ha 1,060,000 ha 1,060,000 ha 159,000 ha 285,000 ha DTD hydro system intakes 326 m³/s, of which: In Bačka In Banat 156 m³/s 170 m³/s
IRRIGATION FROM DANUBE-TISA-DANUBE HYDRO SYSTEM Area available for irrigation from DTD Hs is 510, 000 ha, of which: In Bačka 210,000 ha 84 m³/s In Banat 300,000 ha 120 m³/s Constructed systems (ha) In use (ha) BAČKA 33, 010 16,700 BANAT 25,709 6, 923 TOTAL 58, 719 23, 623
NAVIGATION IN DANUBE-TISA-DANUBE HYDRO SYSTEM Length of canal waterways is 600,6 km: in Bačka in Banat 355,5 km 245,1 km Navigation of cargo vessels of 1000 t capacity is currently possible on 345,3 km, vessels of up to 500 t capacity can navigate on 558,3 km and vessels of up to 200 t capacity can navigate on 600,6 km. There are around 30 unloading locations: Public docks Specialized docks Docks with landfills Possible annual traffic in navigable canals of DTD Hs is around 7,000,000 t. In the last few years, total traffic was around 1,000,000 t and the highest noted traffic was in 1979 and it made 4,213,000 t. Type of goods: Gravel and sand 80%, stone 5%, agricultural products 1 2%, wood 3 5%; coal, metals, oil and oil derivatives up to 10%.
WATER SUPPLY FROM DTD Hs For technological purposes, DTD Hs currently provides water supply for 11 industrial plants. Total annual amount of water intake is 4,375,000 m³, of which: IN BAČKA 1. ŠAJKAŠKA Sugar factory, Žabalj 2. DRENOVA DREN, Crvenka 3. CRVENKA Sugar factory, Crvenka 4. HINS Chemical plant, Novi Sad 5. Oil refinery, Novi Sad 6. HIPOL Chemical plant, Odžaci 7. BAČKA Sugar factory, Crvenka 8. VITAL Vegetable oil refinery, Vrbas IN BANAT 1. JEDINSTVO Sugar factory, Kovačica 2. ALMEKS, Zrenjanin 3. TERMOELEKTRANA TOPLANA, Zrenjanin 4. TE TO, Senta Numerous industrial plants which used to intake water from DTD Hs canals are currently in transformation process, thus they do not intake water. However, they have intake structures.
RESOURCES AND AREAS UNDER PROTECTION Jegrička is a stream with the total length of 64 km. Once the longest autochthonous river of Vojvodina without a typical source, it represents a system of connected wetlands through which the water flows all the way to its confluence with the Tisa River. Due to its natural values and characteristics, Jegrička was put under the protection as a second and third category valuable natural resource. Jegrička Nature Park encompasses the area of the following municipalities: Bačka Palanka, Vrbas, Temerin and Žabalj. Remarkably rich flora and fauna consists of 76 species of aquatic and wetland plants, 20 fish species, 198 bird species and numerous mammals. Beljanska Bara was declared a third category protected area in 2013. It is 39 km long and considered to be a rare structure in terms of hydrography which has preserved most of its former appearance of a water stream typical for this part of Vojvodina. Beljanska Bara Nature Park is a habitat of rare and endangered plant species. Fish fund consists of 23 fish species, 7 types of amphibia, 2 types of reptiles and 136 bird species. The Common (Pedunculate) Oak is a natural monument located on the Tisa riverbank in the yard of the pumping station near Kumane. It has a second degree protection. It is estimated that it is around 300 years old and it is considered to be an outstanding example of its kind in Vojvodina. The base of the oak consists of a strong central heartwood which is 33 m tall and 5 thick branches. Trunk volume is 6.75 m and the crown has the range of over 40 m. The oak produces fruitful quantities of acorns.
Available fishing waters within the Serbia Vojvodina fishing area under the management of PWMC Vode Vojvodine: FISHERY Left Danube bank from the bridge in Bogojevo to the bridge in Bačka Palanka, DTD hydro system canals, Specific drainage canals in the territory of AP Vojvodina, Zlatica, Stari Begej, Brzava, Moravica, Karaš, Nera, Rojga, Brzava, Krivaja, Galovica, Vranj and other smaller streams in the territory of AP Vojvodina, except the ones rented to other users Accumulations, natural and artificial lakes, smaller wetlands on the territory of AP Vojvodina except for those rented to other users. PWMC Vode Vojvodine protects fish fund based on the designed plans of fishing area management and the streams are regularly stocked with good quality fish. Eight well-equipped water bailiff teams are in charge of fish fund protection. As a fishing water user, PWMC Vode Vojvodine issues and sells permits for recreational fishing in the areas under its management.
INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE In cooperation with the Provincial Institute for Protection of Cultural Monuments and regional institutes, PWMC Vode Vojvodine identifies and valorizes hydrotechnical structures which represent cultural and industrial heritage of Vojvodina. Thus, restoration of structures is planned according to its condition and significance with the tendency to protect them from further deterioration and those most valuable ones obtain the status of a cultural monument. Žabalj Steam Pump is located by Žabalj bridge on the Tisa River. It was built in 1898 and was the biggest in Vojvodina. Steam engine ran two centrifugal pumps which had the maximum capacity of 2,530 l/s. Catchment area which was drained by this pump had around 10,000 ha. The pump was conserved after 74 years of operation. Bezdan Ship Lock was completed in 1856. It is located at the confluence of DTD Canal with the Danube River. It is significant for it was the first concrete structure of such type in Europe which was constructed by the means of underwater concrete pouring. Works were carried out by engineer Johannes Mihalik. This structure is significant both as an industrial and architectural heritage. Bečej Ship Lock is located at the confluence of DTD Canal with the Tisa River. It was completed in 1896 and was the first lock in Europe which was run by DC produced in the structure itself by using the difference of water level balance. Nowadays, it functions as a sluice. It is protected and considered to be a cultural heritage. The Mill in Mali Stapar was constructed in 1795 on DTD Canal s sluice. It has three levels and represents a great example of a very well preserved industrial heritage. There is a Technical Directorate building in close vicinity, which was completed in 1898. Mali Stapar settlement was founded for the living purposes of experts hired on the construction of Grand Bačka Canal. Ensuring the protection of entire area along the canal with the mill and Technical Directorate is in process. Plavna Pumping Station was completed in 1912 and represented a state-of-the-art of that period. It was the largest diesel engine pump in the Balkans. The aggregates had two plugged generators which produced electricity for the structures within the pumping station. The pump is still functional. It is located in the protected fortress complex in Bač.
Hydroelectric Power Station Iron Gate I (Đerdap I) on the Danube River near Kladovo was constructed in accordance with the agreement signed between Yugoslavia and Romania in 1963. The dam was put into operation 1970. The backwater caused by the dam has an impact on 180,000 ha upstream from the dam itself all the way to the Danube River in Novi Sad i.e. up to the dam on Tisa River near Novi Bečej. Thus a special protection system was designed and it consists of drainage canals, drainage wells, pumping stations and bank stabilizations. The responsibilities of the Public Company Đerdap are the following: PROTECTION AGAINST THE IRON GATE I (ĐERDAP I) HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATION BACKWATER The backwater caused by the HPS ĐERDAP I impacts 148,000 ha on the territory of AP Vojvodina. In accordance with the contract with Public Company Đerdap, maintenance, providing functionality and the operation of structures for the protection against the HPS ĐERDAP I backwater is carried out by the following six water management companies from Vojvodina: 1. WMC Podunavlje, Kovin 2. WMC Tamiš Dunav, Pančevo 3. WMC Ušće, Bela Crkva 4. WMC Srednji Banat, Zrenjanin 5. WMC Šajkaška, Novi Sad 6. WMC Galovica, Zemun to complete the additional protection system of the bank to provide regular annual monitoring, measuring and analysis of the backwater impact to provide regular and investment maintenance of bank protection structures as well as functioning and operation of pumping stations. In Vojvodina influenced by backwater from HE Iron Gate is 148.000 ha.
ADDRESS: General Contact +381 21 4881 888 General Manager +381 21 4881 480 Technical Operations Department +381 21 4881 419 DTD Hs Maintenance Department +381 21 4881 430 Financial Affairs Department +381 21 4881 410 Legal and General Affairs Department +381 21 4881 444 Development Department +381 21 4881 520 Public Procurement Division +381 21 4881 509 Public Relations Division +381 21 4881 433 +381 21 4881 539 Customer Service 0800/21 21 21
Publisher: PUBLIC WATER MANAGEMENT COMPANY VODE VOJVODINE NOVI SAD Issue Editor: Photography: Vanja Barišić Joković Archive Center Nikola Mirkov Public Water Management Company Vode Vojvodine, Novi Sad 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia, Bulevar Mihajla Pupina 25 Phone: +381 21 4881 480, Fax: +381 21 557 353 CUSTOMER SERVICE: 0800 21 21 21 www.vodevojvodine.rs www.facebook.com/vodevojvodine