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Betriebshandbuch Version 1.0 Gültig ab Baujahr 2009 Stand: Juni 2009 2
The data and statements contained within this manual may be changed without prior notice. No part of these documents may be copied or transmitted for any purpose in any manner or by any means, either electronic or mechanical, without explicit written permission from Ultralite Products International. 1995-2009 Ultralite Products International 3
7DEOHRIFRQWHQWV ',6&/$,0(5 7+(3+,/2623+<%(+,1'7+(75,0&21752/ $'9$17$*(6$1''5$:%$&.62)',))(5(17/,1(0$7(5,$/6 7+(352&('85(,1%5,() 7+(³($6<75,0&+(&. 7+(³6,03/(75,0&+(&. 67& 7+(³+20(86(5&+(&. +8& 7+(³3(5)250$1&(&+(&. 3& THE PERFORMANCE CHECK IN PICTURES...14 7,36 SERVICING YOUR UP WING...15 2ULJLQDOVSDUHSDUWV SENDING THE UP GLIDER AND OTHER UP PRODUCTS...15,PSRUWDQW The following symbols are used to draw attention to particular sections: :$51,1* Failing to comply with instructions given here may lead to injury or death! %(:$5( Failing to comply with instructions given here may cause undue wear to, or even damage, your new equipment. 4
'LVFODLPHU Please note that UP International cannot be held liable for any damage resulting from incorrect execution of the checks described in the following. If at all possible we always recommend having your wing checked, even outside the normal check intervals, at an authorised checking facility. 7KHSKLORVRSK\EHKLQGWKHWULPFRQWURO Any pilot who has flown for some time knows the feeling; after some time the new wing starts feeling just a little bit different. The canopy doesn t pull into the thermals as before, the inflation is just that little bit more sluggish, and maybe the speed feels a tad less impressive than it used to do. The reasons for these signs of aging are simple: Paragliders are made from textiles, and textiles are not 100% dimensionally stable. Sure, ongoing development has improved the situation greatly in recent years but sensitive pilots will still be able to sense a difference over time. With this information folder UP International wishes to bring forth a new paraglider pilot attitude towards issues like glider checks and line control. Just as a motorist checks oil levels and tire pressure, and the bicyclist checks the brakes and the connections, the paraglider pilot has a few simple tools up his sleeve to ensure that the wing is always in top condition. The following paragraphs should introduce these tools to the pilot and hopefully make them into an integrated part of the standard toolbox for pilots. With them, the checks become 2. nature and no more complicated than checking the oil levels on the car. Our goal is to enable pilots to orientate themselves on the wings overall condition by performing a few simple steps. Done regularly, these checks will serve to increase both safety and performance of any paraglider. If you have further questions please do not hesitate to get in touch with your local UP representative or with UP International directly. <RXU83,QWHUQDWLRQDO7HDP 5
$GYDQWDJHVDQG GUDZEDFNVRI GLIIHUHQWOLQH PDWHULDOV Probably all paraglider manufacturers use a mix of different line materials in their production. The core material may be made from Aramide (also known under the brand names Kevlar and Technora) or Dyneema (high-density polyethylene). Both materials offer advantages and drwabacks. Lines made from Aramide hardly shrink at all. They do however age quite steeply, especially when subjected to bending cycles and/or UV exposure. Both factors cause Aramide to lose strength continuously over time. In order to ensure that a paraglider made with Aramide lines remains airworthy for ist full service life, this means that the lines must be dimensioned for the expected line strength a few years down the line, i.e. the lines must be oversized when new. Only by over dimensioning the lines can a manufacturer ensure that the necessary strength is there even after a few years of use. As mentioned above, sleeved Aramide lines hardly shrink at all. Their stretching properties are similar to those of Dyneema lines. A line made with Dyneema core is all but unsusceptible to bending-cycle weakening. It has no relevant aging as such, and in terms of breaking-load strength it is generally superior to lines made with Aramide. Furthermore, Dyneema lines have in recent years been developed to a stage where their stretching properties are very close to those concerning Aramide lines. The disadvantage of Dyneema line material is the shrinking gliders built using Dyneema lines must be checked and adjusted more often than gliders using Kevlar/Aramide. Note that the lines under more tension (the A s and to some extent the B s) will usually quickly return to their intended length after shrinking, whereas the C s and D s will need extra attention as they are under a much lighter load in flight. Regularly stretching the lines will however keep the glider in perfect shape for longer than is the case for Aramide-line wings. Paraglider lines are basically a fibre material that cannot be absolutely dimensionally stable. The deformation depends on a number of factors like the tension applied, the surrounding humidity, the UV exposure etc. Experiments have shown that it is all but impossible to say anything accurate about the deformation or weakening rate as a function of time, bending cycles, or anything else really. UP employs a different mix of materials for pretty much each individual paraglider model, all depending exactly what we re hoping to achieve with the wing. Most wings will have both sheathed and unsheathed lines, and some a mix ov Aramide and Dyneema lines in different diameters and strengths. Each line is carefully chosen for its properties to match as closely as possibly the desired values for the function the line has. There is still no such thing as the perfect paraglider line material this is also the reason why we endeavour to apply the most suitable material we can for each individual line, and then try to help our customers understand and get the most out of the lines their wings are built with. The UP Performance Check is one step in that direction. 6
7KHSURFHGXUHLQEULHI You have noticed a slight tendency of your wing to behave differently in the air, or you just wish to familiarise yourself with the procedures and verify that everything is in perfect shape nothing could be easier! (DV\7ULP&KHFN 6LPSOH7ULP&KHFN On the following pages we describe the correct procedures for checking your UP wing. The illustration below should help you understand the chain of actions: FKDQJHGWULP WULPLVJRRG WKHQ WULPLVJRRG (DV\7ULP&KHFN 6LPSOH7ULP&KHFN FKDQJHGWULP 3HU IRUPDQFH&KHFN 3& WULPLVJRRG 7
7KH³(DV\WULP FKHFN All UP wings are designed so that the lower lines are of identical length in the chord direction. A1, B1, C1 and D1 are identical, as are A2, B2, C2 etc. This makes it easy to check the glider trim. Fixate the risers onto something heavy, walk to the end of the lower lines and grab hold of first the A1, B1, C1 and D1. Compare the lengths. If anything, the A s and B s may be somewhat longer and the D s somewhat shorter than the C s. Continue with the A2, B2, C2 and D2 s, then the A3, B3, C3 and D3 s..!! #"$&% %% '(&)% +*,,&-.0/% %&&!1 8
7KH³6LPSOH7ULP &KHFN 67& As of April 2009, UP gliders are manufactured with a small marker on three of the upper lines on each side, approximately 15cms below the bottom surface of the canopy. When the glider is new, all these markers are equidistant from the riser maillons, and they allow the pilot a very simple means of checking if the glider is still in trim. Each wing half has 3 markers per line level, always situated on the inside forking, see drawing here on the right. Simply fixate the risers to a single point, walk to the canopy and compare the lines chordwise, i.e. A1, B1, C1 and, if applicable, D1. On gliders that have already been in use for some time the likely outcome of this easy check is that the A s and B s are a bit longer than the C s and D s. 9
7KH³+RPH8VHU &KHFN +8& As has been touched upon in the material description texts, paragliders may begin to change as soon as they leave the factory. The lines are the structural part of the wing that may change the most over time. This document is intended as a brief description of the correct way to bring the lines back to within their tolerances in case this should be needed. This manual does NOT replace the bi-annual checks! 5HVWUHWFKLQJWKHOLQHV 1. Fixate the risers to a solid point. The brake handles toggles should be attached together with the risers, as we will need to pull on the brake lines as well. If no solid fixture is available, a heavy person could sit in the harness while the HUC is performed. repeat 3 times. IMPORTANT! Always grab two lines at a time, or the gallery lines could break (unsheathed comp lines only). Move ONE line sideways and repeat, so that each gallery line is stretched 6 times. Repeat for B- C- D- E- brakelines. 2. Grab hold of two A-lines, one in each hand. Apply a firm pull on the lines, 10
:$51,1* NEVER pull on just one line, or pull on the sail you could damage your wing! +RZILUPLVDILUPSXOO" When pulling on the line you will feel a distinct stretching sensation. When the stretching is replaced by a more dead sensation the line has reached its optimal length, and no further force should be applied. In the factory the lines are subjected to a 20kgs pull. :KLFKJOLGHUPRGHOVGRHV WKLVDSSO\WR" All gliders with a complete Dyneema line configuration are subjected to line shrinkage. At UP this means the following models should be re-stretched occasionally: Trango2 (except the Race Version) Trango3 Summit3 Kantega2 Rock2 Edge Summit XC* (only 2008) Pico* (only 2008) Ascent Ascent2 K2 For the following UP gliders, along with older models, it s not necessary to stretch the lines as they have Aramid lines or a mixture of Aramid and Dyneema. Note that we still recommend occasionally subjecting the wings to the Easy trim check, the Performance check or simply sending the wing to UP or a UP approved checking facility for a twoyears check: Kantega Kantega XC Summit XC* (from 2009) Pico* (from 2009) Trango2 Race Version Makalu, Makalu2 Kuna, Pulse, Sherpa, Sherpa2 Rock * From 2009 we have reverted to a mixture of Dyneema and Aramide lines that should be less susceptible to shrinkage +RZRIWHQVKRXOGWKHOLQHV EHVWUHWFKHG" It is not possible to answer that question unequivocally, as it depends on the environment the glider is used and stored in, as well as on the nature of the use itself. 11
It is however relatively easy to feel when a line re-stretch is becoming necesarry, as the wing will lose speed on glide, become less dynamic in the air and harder to inflate. This may happen after 3 months, after a year or at any other time really. The stretching of the lines in no way damages them, so there s no reason to NOT do it regularly. :K\GRWKHOLQHVQHHGUH VWUHWFKLQJ" On some models of UP wings all lines are made from Dyneema. Dyneema is a great material for paraglider lines as it is unsusceptible to damage by bending or from UV exposure. Unlike Aramide lines they are not weakened by use. The stretching characteristics are also very good, and similar to Aramide lines, but unlike Aramide they may shrink if not under tension. In order to avoid shrinking all we need to do is to make sure the lines are subjected to the loads they were designed for regularly, then they immediately return to the original length. We do that by stretching the lines as described above. 12
7KH³3HUIRUPDQFH &KHFN 3& In order to ensure that UP pilots all over the world are always flying their wings in the optimal configuration we have decided to implement the UP Performance Check. We recommend subjecting your UP wing to a Performance Check every 100 hours / 12 months, as the accurate trimming of your wing is of great importance to both performance and safety A glider that is not checked and trimmed by trained personnel will be steadily changing throughout its service life, regardless of manufacturer. The reasons for this were explained in the first chapter of this guide. Changes in trim has multiple, mainly negative consequences, for example when launching or during extreme manoeuvres. When subjected to a Performance Check the wing is laser measured and any discrepancies corrected immediately this guarantees you that your UP wing is always in perfect shape, and that the behaviour is identical to that of your wing when it was new! The Performance Check identifies detrimental alterations early enough to have them rectified before they turn into a safety problem. UP gliders purchased from new after January 1 st 2009 should be subjected to the Performance Check after 100 hours / 12 months (whichever occurs first). 13
7KH3HUIRUPDQFH&KHFN LQSLFWXUHV The Performance check is intended as an extra service for UP pilots. A correctly trimmed glider is your guarantee that the wing will perform and behave as you have come to expect from UP wings over the decades. 6WHSWZR UP International GmbH and the approved checking workshops possess the necessary know-how and equipment to perform the checks in a meaningful way. The check is done in several steps: )LUVWVWHS % %% &&!1*$, 2!1 - / *&2!1+ 56&1&+*25$ 0,&/ + % 5 6WHSWKUHH % %% +*$ $2+* / /* &% +*43 +** * - / 02+* /! 2 &1 &-% 5 7 1,+8& +9% /+ +*,!12 +*/ % *$& 256& 64: 3!! ;!1'$ +*0 1 *22+* / 2 * <>= 1,? *12!1 ', &*$0&+, 6!% 5 &: 6!16+8 *&2$0? 0/ +! 0,+*6'$1 4 0@(& 40!16! *! 2 A 14
7LSV 6HUYLFLQJ\RXU83ZLQJ All care and maintenance must be carried out in accordance with UP recommendations. To ensure that this happens we strongly advise you to only let UP recognised service centres touch your wing this is also a prerequisite for the UP Warranty to be valid. So there s a lot speaking for letting UP, or a UP affiliate, look after your UP wing!. UP International GmbH -Abteilung Service- Kreuzeckbahnstraße 7 D-82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen Email: service@up-europe.com Telefon: +49 (0) 88 21-7 30 99-19 Fax: +49 (0) 88 51-92 92 60-16 2ULJLQDOVSDUHSDUWV Your new UP paragliders is composed of many high-class components with a long lifespan. If you need to exchange any of these components, please make sure you use only original spares all around. Aside from ensuring the continued validity of the certification, this will also contribute positively to your personal safety in flight. 6HQGLQJWKH83JOLGHU DQGRWKHU83SURGXFWV The best way to send your paraglider, rescue parachute, harness etc. to our service team is in a stable box via post or UPS. Enclose a note of what requires doing (2 Year Check, repair, repack etc.) and also your daytime contact details. We will return your equipment either by post or UPS. Please indicate preferred method of payment (either bank cheque or C o d)/ Should you require any further information about the services we offer, please contact us at the address and phone number below. We are also able to give you information about your nearest Authorised Service Centre, as well as other manufacturers who are authorised to check and repair UP gliders and equipment. 15
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