The Effect of Migration on the Ethnic Structure of Population in Vojvodina Uticaj migracije na etničku strukturu stanovništva u Vojvodini A vándorlások hatása a népesség etnikai összetételére a Vajdaságban Kocsis Károly TRANSMIG Conference 3-4th December, 2012 Szeged/Segedin Subotica/Szabadka
Serbian Mesopotamia in the South of the Great Hungarian (Pannonian) Plain Tisza Tisa Danube Dunav Duna V O J V O D I N A Sava
Délvidék Jug Ugarske From South Hungary Délvidék ( Southern Region ) /896 1918/ A multiethnic region as the gate of Central Europe towards the Balkans Multietnička regija kao vrata srednje Europe prema Balkanu Vojvodina Sever Srbije - To North Serbia Vojvodina ( Voivodeship ) /1918 /1945 /
Ethnic map of the present-day territory of Vojvodina Etnička karta tadašnje Vojvodine 195,000 persons/osoba 76.1% Hungarians 20.0% Serbs
Wien Buda OTTOMAN (TURKISH) CAMPAIGNS TURSKA IMPERIJA IN HUNGARY (1526-1566) Beograd
ONTINUOUS SERBIAN IMMIGRATION TO OUTH HUNGARY FROM THE LATE 14th NTIL THE LATE 18th CENTURY ONTINUELNA SRPSKA imigracija u Južnoj garskoj od kraja 14. do kraja 18. STOLJEĆA ain Serbian refugee wawes: rpske izbeglice: 89 39 59 21 26 41 90 37-39
COLONIZATION AND INTERNAL MIGRATION IN HUNGARY KOLONIZACIJA I UNUTARNJA MIGRACIJA u Ugarskoj (17th and 18th CENTURY) Source: História 2007
Ethnic map of the present-day territory of Vojvodina Etnička karta tadašnje Vojvodine 195,000 persons/ osoba 76.1% Hungarians 20.0% Serbs
Ethnic map of the present-day territory of Vojvodina Etnička karta tadašnje Vojvodine 476,000 persons/osoba 10.6% Hungarians 59.2% Serbs 12.4% Germans 8.0% Croats 5.8% Romanians 2.0% Slovaks
Ethnic map of the present-day territory of Vojvodina Etnička karta tadašnje Vojvodine 1,516,000 persons 28.1% Hungarians 33.8% Serbs 21.4% Germans 6.0% Croats 5.0% Romanians 3.7% Slovaks
CHANGE OF STATE POWER IN SOUTH HUNGARY (1918 1921) PROMENA državne vlasti u Južnoj MAĐARSKOJ - Délvidék becoming Vojvodina Source: História 2010/1-2.
SERBIAN (YUGOSLAV) STATE COLONIZATIONS IN VOJVODINA Srpska (JUGOSLOVENSKA) DRŽAVNA naseljavanja u Vojvodini (1918 1941) Ethnic majority - etnička većina Hungarian Serbian Number of colonists broj kolonista Croats Agrarian colonists Serbs Non-agrarian Yugoslav colonists 48,000 persons
Ethnic map of the present-day territory of Vojvodina Etnička karta tadašnje Vojvodine 1,516,000 persons 33.8% Serbs 28.1% Hungarians 21.4% Germans 6.0% Croats 5.0% Romanians 3.7% Slovaks
Ethnic map of the present-day territory of Vojvodina Etnička karta tadašnje Vojvodine 1,624,000 persons 37.8% Serbs 23.2% Hungarians 20.2% Germans 8.2% Croats 3.9% Romanians 3.9% Slovaks
WAR EVENTS IN 1941 and 1944 BÁCSKA DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR BAČKA tokom Drugog svetskog rata HUNGARIAN STATE COLONIZATIONS IN 1941 15,500 persons Source: História 2010/1-2.
SERBIAN LOSSES / Srpski GUBICI (1941-42) HUNGARIAN LOSSES /Srpski GUBICI (1944) Died Serbs Escaped, expelled, deported Serbs Died Hungarians Deported Hungarian Jews Escaped, expelled, deported Hungarians
216,306 persons POREKLO KOLONISTA PLACE OF ORIGIN OF THE COLONISTS (1945) Source: Djurdjev, B.S. 1995
THE NEW HOMES OF THE COLONISTS IN VOJVODINA (1945) Nova domovima kolonista u Vojvodini Source: Djurdjev, B.S. 1995
Ethnic map of the present-day territory of Vojvodina Etnička karta tadašnje Vojvodine 1,663,000 persons 36.2% Serbs 28.5% Hungarians 19.1% Germans 6.1% Croats 3.5% Romanians 3.8% Slovaks
Ethnic map of the present-day territory of Vojvodina Etnička karta tadašnje Vojvodine 2,014,000 persons 56.8% Serbs 16.9% Hungarians 0.2% Germans 4.9% Croats 1.9% Romanians 3.2% Slovaks
PERIODIZATION OF EXTERNAL MIGRATION OF VOJVODINA PERIODIZACIJA SPOLJNIH MIGRACIJA VOJVODINE (1941 1981) Source: Djurdjev, B.S. 1995
Srpske izbeglice u Vojvodini - SERBIAN REFUGEES IN VOJVODINA (1996)
Ethnic map of the present-day territory of Vojvodina Etnička karta tadašnje Vojvodine 2,014,000 persons 56.8% Serbs 16.9% Hungarians 0.2% Germans 4.9% Croats 1.9% Romanians 3.2% Slovaks
Ethnic map of the present-day territory of Vojvodina Etnička karta tadašnje Vojvodine 2,032,000 persons 65.0% Serbs 14.3% Hungarians 0.2% Germans 3.8% Croats 1.5% Romanians 2.8% Slovaks
Main waves of colonization in Vojvodina during the 20th century 300000 250000 200000 150000 100000 50000 0 1918-1931 1941-1943 1944-1947 1991-1996 Others Hungarians Croats Montenegrins Serbs Main waves of non voluntary emigration in Vojvodina during the 20th century 350000 300000 250000 200000 150000 100000 50000 0 1918-1931 1941-1943 1944-1947 1991-1996 Others Germans Hungarians Serbs
ETHNIC STRUCTURE OF THE POPULATION OF VOJVODINA (1948-2011) Etnička struktura u Vojvodini Ethnic group / Etničke grupe Population censuses popis stanovništva 1948 1961 1971 1981 1991 2002 2011 Data in thousands podaci u hiljadama Serbs 841,2 1017,7 1089,1 1107,4 1143,7 1321,8 1289,6 Hungarians 428,9 442,6 423,9 385,4 339,5 290,2 251,1 Croats, Bunjevci 134,2 145,3 138,6 109,2 98,0 76,3 63,5 Slovaks 72,0 73,8 72,8 69,5 63,5 56,6 50,3 Montenegrins 30,6 34,8 36,4 43,3 44,8 35,5 22,1 Romanians 59,3 57,3 53,0 47,3 38,8 30,4 25,4 Roma, Sinti 7,6 3,3 7,8 19,7 24,4 29,1 42,4 Rusyns, Ukrainians 22,1 24,5 25,1 24,3 22,2 20,3 18,1 Germans 31,8 11,4 7,2 3,8 3,9 3,2 3,3 Yugoslavs 3,2 46,9 167,2 174,3 49,9 12,2 Regionals 5,3 1,6 2,5 10,2 28,6 No answer, unknown 2,4 7,3 6,6 20,9 78,8 95,8 Others 35,5 38,7 39,1 49,5 37,4 29,7 29,4 In total 1663,2 1855,0 1952,5 2034,8 2013,9 2032,0 1931,8
ETHNIC STRUCTURE OF THE POPULATION OF VOJVODINA (1948-2011) Etnička struktura u Vojvodini u % Ethnic group / Etničke grupe Population censuses popis stanovništva 1948 1961 1971 1981 1991 2002 2011 Data in per cent podaci u procentima % Serbs 50,6 54,9 55,8 54,4 56,8 65,0 66,8 Hungarians 25,8 23,9 21,7 18,9 16,9 14,3 13,0 Croats, Bunjevci 8,1 7,8 7,1 5,4 4,9 3,8 3,3 Slovaks 4,3 4,0 3,7 3,4 3,2 2,8 2,6 Montenegrins 1,8 1,9 1,9 2,1 2,2 1,7 1,1 Romanians 3,6 3,1 2,7 2,3 1,9 1,5 1,3 Roma, Sinti 0,5 0,2 0,4 1,0 1,2 1,4 2,2 Rusyns, Ukrainians 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,2 1,1 1,0 0,9 Germans 1,9 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 Yugoslavs 0,2 2,4 8,2 8,7 2,5 0,6 Regionals 0,3 0,1 0,1 0,5 1,5 No answer, unknown 0,1 0,4 0,3 1,2 3,9 5,0 Others 2,1 2,0 1,9 2,5 1,6 1,4 1,5 In total 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0
Ethnic Structure of the Population of Vojvodina (1910-2011) 2500000 Others Ruthenians, Ukrainians 2000000 Roma (Gypsies) Romanians 1500000 Slovaks Croats, Bunjevci Germans 1000000 Hungarians Non declared, unknow n, regional 500000 Yugoslavs Monteneg. Serbs 0 1910 1921 1931 1941 1948 1953 1961 1971 1981 1991 2002 2011
Ethnic Structure of the Population of Vojvodina (1910-2011) 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% Others Ruthenians, Ukrainians Roma (Gypsies) Romanians Slovaks Croats, Bunjevci Germans Hungarians Non declared, unknow n, regional Yugoslavs Monteneg. Serbs 0% 1910 1921 1931 1941 1948 1953 1961 1971 1981 1991 2002 2011
BORAVAK (rad, učenje) INOSTRANSTVU iz Srbije 2011 STAYING (working, learning) ABROAD FROM SERBIA IN 2011 From SERBIA: 294,000 (3.9% of the total population) From Balkanic Serbia 206,000 (5.4%) From Vojvodina: 46,000 (2.3%) 3 37% From South Banat 4 7% From West Vojvodina (Bač, Apatin, Šid communes) 4% From the zone of attraction of Szeged in Vojvodina (e.g. Palić, Kelebija, Kanjiža, Ada, Senta, Horgoš 3 6% Subotica only 2.4%) 3 8% From the islands of the national minorities (Hungarians, Slovaks, Croats, Romanians, Rusyns)
Szeged Subotica Szabadka Szeged Subotica / Szabadka Temerin Temerin
Ethnic Structure of the Population of Subotica / Szabadka (1910-2011) 120000 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 0 1910 1921 1931 1941 1948 1953 1961 1971 1981 1991 2002 2011 Others Roma Croats, Bunjevci Germans Hungarians Non declared, unknown, regional Yugoslavs Monteneg. Serbs Ethnic Structure of the Population of Subotica / Szabadka (1910-2011) 100% 80% 60% Others Roma Croats, Bunjevci Germans Hungarians 40% 20% 0% 1910 1921 1931 1941 1948 1953 1961 1971 1981 1991 2002 2011 Non declared, unknown, regional Yugoslavs Monteneg. Serbs
Ethnic Structure of the Population of Te me rin (1910-2011) 25000 Others 20000 Germans 15000 Hungarians 10000 Non declared, unknow n, regional 5000 Yugoslavs 0 1910 1921 1931 1941 1948 1953 1961 1971 1981 1991 2002 2011 Serbs Ethnic Structure of the Population of Te me rin (1910-2011) 100% Others 80% Germans 60% Hungarians 40% Non declared, unknow n, regional 20% Yugoslavs Serbs 0% 1910 1921 1931 1941 1948 1953 1961 1971 1981 1991 2002 2011
Hvala vam za vašu pažnju! Köszönöm a figyelmüket! Thank you for your attention!