Queensland Regional Tourism Satellite Accounts Tourism Research Australia

Queensland Regional Tourism Satellite Accounts 2013-14 Tourism Research Australia August 2015

Contents Executive Summary... i 1 Introduction... 1 1.1 Industry context... 1 1.2 Satellite accounting... 1 1.3 Accounting concepts... 3 1.4 Regional context... 4 1.5 Report structure... 5 2 Summary of Results... 6 2.1 Key tourism aggregates... 6 2.2 Tourism consumption... 7 2.3 Tourism output... 9 2.4 Tourism Gross Value Added... 11 2.5 Tourism employment... 15 2.6 Detailed comparison data... 19 3 Key trends in tourism... 25 3.1 Brisbane... 25 3.2 Regional Queensland... 26 3.3 Regional trends... 28 3.4 Relative industry performance... 29 4 Regional profiles... 34 Appendix A : Explanatory Notes... 62 Appendix B : Glossary... 65 Appendix C : Indirect trade flows... 69 References... 70 Limitation of our work... 71 Charts Chart 2.1 : Tourism contribution to Brisbane and Queensland regional economies, 2013-14... 7 Chart 2.2 : Regional tourism consumption at purchasers prices, 2013-14... 7 Chart 2.3 : Domestic and international contribution to tourism consumption, 2013-14... 8 Chart 2.4 : Regional direct tourism output at basic prices, 2013-14... 9 Chart 2.5 : Relative contribution of direct and indirect tourism output, 2013-14... 11 Liability limited by a scheme approved under Professional Standards Legislation. Deloitte refers to one or more of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, a UK private company limited by guarantee, and its network of member firms, each of which is a legally separate and independent entity. Please see www.deloitte.com/au/about for a detailed description of the legal structure of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited and its member firms. 2015 Pty Ltd

Chart 2.6 : Regional direct tourism GVA at basic prices, 2013-14... 12 Chart 2.7 : Domestic and international contribution to direct tourism GVA, 2013-14... 13 Chart 2.8 : Contribution of segments to domestic direct tourism GVA, 2013-14... 13 Chart 2.9 : Source market contribution to direct tourism GVA, 2013-14... 14 Chart 2.10 : Contribution of tourism GVA to each regional economy, 2013-14... 14 Chart 2.11 : Regional direct tourism employed persons, 2013-14... 16 Chart 2.12 : Status breakdown of persons directly employed in tourism industry, 2013-14... 16 Chart 2.13 : Contribution of industries to direct tourism employment, 2013-14... 17 Chart 2.14 : Direct tourism contribution to each regional economy, 2013-14... 20 Chart 2.15 : Indirect tourism contribution to each regional economy, 2013-14... 21 Chart 2.16 : Total tourism contribution to each regional economy, 2013-14... 21 Chart 3.1 : Brisbane comparative GVA growth, 2006-07 to 2013-14 (Indexed: 2006=100)... 25 Chart 3.2 : Brisbane direct tourism GVA and employment, 2006-07 to 2013-14... 26 Chart 3.3 : Tourism s share of GRP and Employment, Brisbane, 2006-07 to 2013-14... 26 Chart 3.4 : Regional Queensland GVA growth, 2006-07 to 2013-14 (Indexed: 2006=100)... 27 Chart 3.5 : Regional Queensland direct tourism GVA and employment, 2006-07 to 2013-14... 27 Chart 3.6 : Tourism s share of GRP and employment, regional Queensland, 2006-07 to 2013-1428 Chart 3.7 : Regional trend growth in tourism GVA and employment... 29 Chart 3.8 : Industry growth comparison (Index: 2006=100)... 30 Chart 4.1 : Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Brisbane, 2013-14... 35 Chart 4.2 : Contribution of tourism to employment, Brisbane, 2013-14... 36 Chart 4.3 : Direct tourism employed persons, Brisbane, 2013-14... 36 Chart 4.4 : Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Bundaberg North Burnett, 2013-1437 Chart 4.5 : Contribution of tourism to employment, Bundaberg North Burnett, 2013-14... 38 Chart 4.6 : Direct tourism employed persons, Bundaberg North Burnett, 2013-14... 38 Chart 4.7 : Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Central Queensland, 2013-14... 39 Chart 4.8 : Contribution of tourism to employment, Central Queensland, 2013-14... 40 Chart 4.9 : Direct tourism employed persons, Central Queensland, 2013-14... 40 Chart 4.10 : Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Fraser Coast, 2013-14... 41 Chart 4.11 : Contribution of tourism to employment, Fraser Coast 2013-14... 42 Chart 4.12 : Direct tourism employed persons, Fraser Coast, 2013-14... 42 Chart 4.13 : Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Gold Coast, 2013-14... 43 Chart 4.14 : Contribution of tourism to employment, Gold Coast, 2013-14... 44 Chart 4.15 : Direct tourism employed persons, Gold Coast, 2013-14... 44 Chart 4.16 : Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Mackay, 2013-14... 45 Chart 4.17 : Contribution of tourism to employment, Mackay, 2013-14... 46

Chart 4.18 : Direct tourism employed persons, Mackay, 2013-14... 46 Chart 4.19 : Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Outback, 2013-14... 47 Chart 4.20 : Contribution of tourism to employment, Outback, 2013-14... 48 Chart 4.21 : Direct tourism employed persons, Outback, 2013-14... 48 Chart 4.22 : Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Southern Great Barrier Reef, 2013-14 49 Chart 4.23 : Contribution of tourism to employment, Southern Great Barrier Reef, 2013-14... 50 Chart 4.24 : Direct tourism employed persons, Southern Great Barrier Reef, 2013-14... 50 Chart 4.25 : Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Darling Downs (SQC), 2013-14.. 51 Chart 4.26 : Contribution of tourism to employment, Darling Downs (SQC), 2013-14... 52 Chart 4.27 : Direct tourism employed persons, Darling Downs (SQC), 2013-14... 52 Chart 4.28 : Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Sunshine Coast, 2013-14... 53 Chart 4.29 : Contribution of tourism to employment, Sunshine Coast, 2013-14... 54 Chart 4.30 : Direct tourism employed persons, Sunshine Coast, 2013-14... 54 Chart 4.31 : Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Northern (Townsville), 2013-14 55 Chart 4.32 : Contribution of tourism to employment, Northern (Townsville), 2013-14... 56 Chart 4.33 : Direct tourism employed persons, Northern (Townsville), 2013-14... 56 Chart 4.34 : Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Tropical North Queensland, 2013-14 57 Chart 4.35 : Contribution of tourism to employment, Tropical North Queensland, 2013-14... 58 Chart 4.36 : Direct tourism employed persons, Tropical North Queensland, 2013-14... 58 Chart 4.37 : Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Whitsundays, 2013-14... 59 Chart 4.38 : Contribution of tourism to employment, Whitsundays, 2013-14... 60 Chart 4.39 : Direct tourism employed persons, Whitsundays, 2013-14... 60 Tables Table 2.1 : Regional economy key aggregates, 2013-14... 19 Table 2.2 : Comparative importance of tourism to local economies, 2013-14... 20 Table 2.3 : Contribution of tourism to Tourism Queensland regions, 2013-14... 23 Table 2.4 : Importance of tourism to Queensland s regions, 2013-14... 24 Table 4.1 : Key tourism aggregates ($ million) - Brisbane... 35 Table 4.2 : Tourism activity summary - Brisbane... 36 Table 4.3 : Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Bundaberg North Burnett... 37 Table 4.4 : Tourism activity summary Bundaberg North Burnett... 38 Table 4.5 : Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Central Queensland... 39

Table 4.6 : Tourism activity summary Central Queensland... 40 Table 4.7 : Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Fraser Coast... 41 Table 4.8 : Tourism activity summary Fraser Coast... 42 Table 4.9 : Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Gold Coast... 43 Table 4.10 : Tourism activity summary Gold Coast... 44 Table 4.11 : Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Mackay... 45 Table 4.12 : Tourism activity summary Mackay... 46 Table 4.13 : Key tourism aggregates ($ million) - Outback... 47 Table 4.14 : Tourism activity summary - Outback... 48 Table 4.15 : Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Southern Great Barrier Reef... 49 Table 4.16 : Tourism activity summary Southern Great Barrier Reef... 50 Table 4.17 : Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Darling Downs (SQC)... 51 Table 4.18 : Tourism activity summary Darling Downs (SQC)... 52 Table 4.19 : Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Sunshine Coast... 53 Table 4.20 : Tourism activity summary Sunshine Coast... 54 Table 4.21 : Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Northern (Townsville)... 55 Table 4.22 : Tourism activity summary Northern (Townsville)... 56 Table 4.23 : Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Tropical North Queensland... 57 Table 4.24 : Tourism activity summary Tropical North Queensland... 58 Table 4.25 : Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Whitsundays... 59 Table 4.26 : Tourism activity summary - Whitsundays... 60 Figures Figure 1.1 : Queensland Tourism Regions... 5 Figure C.1 : Significant supply flows for the retail, accommodation and food sectors... 69

Executive Summary Queensland Regional Tourism Satellite Accounts 2013-14 Tourism is a valuable contributor to the Queensland economy. The latest state Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) published by Tourism Research Australia indicates that in 2013-14 the tourism industry directly contributed $10.7 billion to Queensland s economy and directly employed approximately 130,900 people. As tourism is an industry with strong links to other sectors of the economy, the indirect impacts brought the industry s total contribution to the economy to an estimated $22.6 billion, or 7.6% of gross state product. The findings presented in this report go beyond these state-wide findings to examine the role and contribution of the tourism industry at a regional level. The analysis is underpinned by benchmark industry data sourced from Tourism Research Australia and a modelling framework consistent with that employed in the derivation of the national and state TSA. The contribution of tourism to key economic metrics such as employment and gross regional product is estimated for Queensland tourism regions. Headline findings Table i outlines the modelled estimates for the contribution of the tourism industry to the economies of Brisbane, regional Queensland, and Queensland. Table i: Contribution of tourism in Queensland, 2013-14 Region GRP Employed GRP Employed ($m) ( 000) Share of local economy (%) Direct tourism contribution Brisbane 3,705 42.9 2.4% 3.7% Regional Queensland 7,039 88 4.9% 7.6% Queensland 10,745 130.9 3.6% 5.6% Indirect tourism contribution Brisbane 2,632 21.8 1.7% 1.9% Regional Queensland 8,920 74.6 6.2% 6.5% Rest of Australia 1 267 2.2 Queensland 2 11,820 98.7 4.0% 4.2% Total tourism contribution Brisbane 6,338 64.7 4.2% 5.5% Regional Queensland 15,959 162.7 11.0% 14.1% Rest of Australia 267 2.3 Queensland 2 22,564 229.6 7.6% 9.9% Source: Regional TSA model. 1.) This figure captures the level of indirect tourism activity in Queensland that flows to the rest of Australia (i.e. outside of the Queensland economy.) 2.) These are the published estimates for Queensland in the State Tourism Satellite Accounts 2013-14 by Tourism Research Australia (publicly released in April 2015). The results demonstrate that in 2013-14, the tourism industry contributed, in total: $6.3 billion to Brisbane s GRP (4.2% of total) and employed an estimated 64,700 people in the Brisbane area (5.5% of employment); and $16.0 billion to regional Queensland s GRP (11.0% of total) and employed an estimated 162,700 people in regional Queensland (14.1% of employment). i

Table ii provides detailed regional outcomes for tourism s contribution to GRP and employment. As with the results presented above, the contribution of tourism to a region is measured both in absolute terms (i.e. dollars and persons employed) and in relative terms (i.e. as a share of the regional economy). While the absolute level of tourism s contribution to a given regional economy is valuable in determining the importance of the region to Queensland s overall tourism sector, it is tourism s share of the regional economy that demonstrates the economic importance of the tourism industry to a specific region. In interpreting the results presented on the pages that follow, there are two central comparisons to focus on: 1. The variation in the regional rankings between the absolute contribution of tourism and the relative importance of tourism, as demonstrated by its share of the regional economy. Not surprisingly, the Brisbane region comprises the largest share of the state-wide contribution of tourism; however, due to the capital s large and diverse economy, Brisbane is relatively less reliant on the tourism industry than the non-metropolitan regions. On the other hand, the smaller regional economies are generally characterised by a more centralised or focussed industry structure (e.g. the Whitsundays and the Gold Coast are both iconic tourism destinations, whereas Bundaberg North Burnett is more agricultural, and Mackay and Outback are two examples of regions with a greater focus on mining). 2. The relative importance of direct compared with indirect tourism impacts and how this varies across regions. In this sense, Queensland s regions can be grouped into three broad categories: i iconic tourism destinations that are relatively heavily reliant on direct tourism activity either in absolute terms or relative terms. ii iii regions that are not necessarily tourism focussed, but that have strong links to the tourism industry as suppliers of indirect inputs; and regions that are heavily reliant on both direct tourism and indirect tourism supply. ii

Table ii: Contribution of tourism in Queensland by region, 2013-14 Region GRP Employment GRP Employment ($m) ( 000) Share of economy (%) Direct tourism contribution Brisbane 3,705 42.9 2.4% 3.7% Bundaberg North Burnett 135 2.1 3.2% 5.0% Central Queensland 375 4.6 1.9% 3.9% Darling Downs (SQC) 446 6.9 2.6% 4.7% Fraser Coast 201 2.9 5.8% 8.1% Gold Coast 2,510 30.4 8.6% 11.1% Mackay 207 2.2 1.2% 2.6% Northern (Townsville) 350 4.7 2.5% 4.0% Outback 104 1.0 1.6% 3.0% Sunshine Coast 1,084 15.7 7.0% 10.1% Tropical North Queensland 1,310 14.6 9.1% 11.2% Whitsundays 316 3.0 13.0% 16.9% Regional Queensland 7,039 88.0 4.9% 7.6% Queensland 10,745 130.9 3.6% 5.6% Indirect tourism contribution Brisbane 2,632 21.8 1.7% 1.9% Bundaberg North Burnett 486 4.1 11.6% 9.6% Central Queensland 593 4.9 3.0% 4.2% Darling Downs (SQC) 738 6.1 4.2% 4.2% Fraser Coast 491 4.1 14.2% 11.3% Gold Coast 2,382 20.0 8.1% 7.3% Mackay 458 3.8 2.6% 4.5% Northern (Townsville) 517 4.3 3.7% 3.7% Outback 412 3.4 6.3% 10.7% Sunshine Coast 1,284 10.8 8.2% 6.9% Tropical North Queensland 1,066 9.0 7.4% 6.9% Whitsundays 492 4.1 20.3% 23.0% Regional Queensland 8,920 74.6 6.2% 6.5% Rest of Australia 267 2.2 0.1% 0.1% Queensland 11,820 98.7 4.0% 4.2% Total tourism contribution Brisbane 6,338 64.7 4.2% 5.5% Bundaberg North Burnett 620 6.2 14.8% 14.7% Central Queensland 969 9.5 4.9% 8.0% Darling Downs (SQC) 1,184 13.0 6.8% 8.9% Fraser Coast 692 7.0 20.0% 19.5% Gold Coast 4,892 50.4 16.7% 18.3% Mackay 666 6.0 3.7% 7.0% Northern (Townsville) 867 9.0 6.3% 7.8% Outback 516 4.4 8.0% 13.7% Sunshine Coast 2,368 26.5 15.2% 17.0% Tropical North Queensland 2,376 23.5 16.5% 18.0% Whitsundays 809 7.1 33.3% 40.0% Regional Queensland 15,959 162.7 11.0% 14.1% Rest of Australia 267 2.2 0.1% 0.1% Queensland 22,564 229.6 7.6% 9.9% Source: Regional TSA model. iii

Drivers of indirect trade flows When considering the direct and indirect impacts, upstream trade flows generated by tourism activity have a significant impact on the regional economy. Accordingly, understanding the factors that influence these flows is important to understanding the regional TSA results. Indirect trade flows are driven by demand for inputs to the tourism sector. For example, when a restaurant meal is served, produce, cutlery and plates must be procured. When the tourism sector is analysed at a regional level, the availability of such inputs in different areas determines the level of inter-regional trade that occurs. To again use the restaurant example, if produce can be sourced locally, then the indirect impact of the restaurant meals accrues to the local region. However, if this is not possible e.g. if the region does not have a fresh produce industry then these inputs must be imported from other regions. The overarching drivers of indirect trade from a particular region, therefore, are (1) presence of the industry that produces the input required, and (2) a relatively small trading distance between the supply and demand regions. Reflecting the major areas of tourism expenditure, a significant portion of the indirect flows from regional Queensland is related to tourism spend on the accommodation, food, and retail sectors in Brisbane and the Gold Coast. The model shows a group of four regions Brisbane, Gold Coast, Sunshine Coast and Fraser Coast - have significant interlinkages in indirect flows from tourism industry activity due to their relative proximity, and reasonably sized manufacturing sector. Bundaberg North Burnett and Darling Downs also benefit from indirect trade in the tourism sector due to the prominence of their agriculture sector. The contribution of individual market segments The Tourism Satellite Accounts present the contribution of the tourism industry under three broad visitor groups, based on their place of origin (or source market): same-day visitors, domestic overnight visitors and international visitors. Chart i on the following page shows that international visitors make up 29% of total tourism consumption in Brisbane, compared to an average of 18% for regional Queensland. Tropical North Queensland has the greatest reliance on international visitation, making up 36% of total tourism consumption in the region. The vast majority of all international tourism consumption 83% or $4.8 billion occurs in three regions: Brisbane, the Gold Coast and Tropical North Queensland. Consumption from domestic overnight visitors is less concentrated, with Brisbane, Gold Coast and Tropical North Queensland making up 58% of total consumption. The Sunshine Coast, the Whitsundays and the Fraser Coast are all heavily reliant on domestic overnight tourism, with consumption from these visitors contributing over 70% of all tourism consumption for each region. Brisbane accounts for 31% of all same day travel with Gold Coast being the next highest at 18%. The regions that are most reliant on same day travel are Mackay (31% of total tourism consumption) and Bundaberg North Burnett (29% of total tourism consumption). iv

Chart i: Source market share of tourism consumption Industry focus Source: Regional TSA model. The four most significant industries for tourism contribution are retail trade, accommodation, food services (i.e. cafes, restaurants and takeaways) and transport in total, making up around 65% of all tourism sector output. While the ranking of each industry varies across regions, these four industries generally represent the highest contribution to direct tourism GRP and employment. In terms of direct tourism, the significance of these four industries is not surprising given they represent the products and industries most characteristic of tourism. As noted above, this also has important implications for tourism s indirect contribution, as these industries are the major drivers of demand for intermediate inputs (and hence flow on activity). Accordingly, the indirect links to the tourism sector are strongest with industries such as processed foods and agriculture and to the regions where these industries are prominent. Implications for policy and strategy The findings of this analysis have a range of implications for tourism industry strategy and policy in Queensland. These include: The important role played by non-traditional tourism supply industries and regions in indirectly supporting the tourism industry Queensland. Ensuring sufficiently strong links and coordination between these critical suppliers and tourism operators will be essential to the continued fostering of growth. The relative significance of the tourism industry at a regional level (as measured by tourism s share of GRP and employment) indicates the extent to which fluctuations in industry growth (either positive or negative) will impact Queensland s regional economies. The direct significance of the major tourism subsectors retail trade, accommodation, food services and transport and, as noted above, the strategic importance of the key industries v

which support tourism indirectly especially the agriculture and processed food sectors. It is through the coordinated fostering of growth in both of these groups of industries that the fortunes of the tourism sector will most effectively be advanced. As the Australian tourism industry continues its pursuit of the 2020 Stretch Goal (Industry Potential), information and analysis such as that presented in this regional TSA report will provide important evidence to inform policy and industry decision making and, ultimately, to ensure the industry is appropriately positioned to continue to grow its contribution to the Queensland economy. vi

1 Introduction 1.1 Industry context Tourism is a valuable contributor to the Queensland economy. The latest state Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) published by Tourism Research Australia indicates that in 2013-14 the tourism industry directly contributed $10.7 billion to Queensland s economy and directly employed approximately 130,900 people. As tourism is an industry with strong links to other sectors of the economy, the indirect impacts brought the industry s total contribution to the economy to an estimated $22.6 billion, or 7.6% of gross state product. Brisbane accounts for approximately 44% of all international visitor nights. The Gold Coast and Tropical North Queensland are also popular destinations for international visitors, accounting for 19% and 14% of total international visitor nights respectively. The remaining portion is distributed relatively evenly among the other regions. In terms of domestic visitation, Brisbane accounts for 22% of domestic nights to the State, and 34% of day trips to the State. Other popular regions for domestic visitors are the Gold Coast, Sunshine Coast, and Tropical North Queensland. In general, while those regions closer to Brisbane typically attract more visitors, Queensland differs from most other Australian states and territories, as it has a relatively equal share of visitors between the Capital and key tourism regions. From the north of the State Tropical North Queensland to the south the Gold Coast Queensland has an array of iconic attractions for both international and domestic visitors. Although most tourism consumption in the State is spent in Brisbane, tourism is comparatively more important to regional Queensland. While the total quantum of tourism activity in Brisbane is significant, the city has a large and diverse economy. In contrast, many of Queensland s regional economies are significantly smaller and activity is more focused around fewer industries, including tourism. That said, for those parts of regional Queensland that have a stronger focus on agricultural and mining, tourism makes up a smaller proportion of the total economy than Brisbane. Going forward, there is growing demand for developing a consistent and reliable set of regional level tourism contribution estimates to improve the information flow for local investment, planning and policy. This is the second time has used this approach to measuring the contribution of tourism at a regional level and while this methodology is fairly well developed, the process of calculating tourism s contribution to regions should form an ongoing discussion. Thus, the analysis and content presented in this publication should act as a spring board for the ongoing evaluation of the impact of tourism on the regional economies in Queensland and the other Australian States and Territories. This information will be critical in guiding tourism development, investment, planning and policy in Queensland, and Australia more broadly. 1.2 Satellite accounting Tourism is a unique industry. Unlike most sectors which are characterised by the nature of production (e.g. mining, manufacturing, agriculture), tourism is characterised by the origin of the consumers. That is, there exists a range of goods and services that are consumed by both locals and visitors, with the portion that is consumed by visitors being defined as tourism industry expenditure. Thus, while all the goods that are produced and consumed in meeting tourism demand are embedded in the System of National Accounts, they are not readily apparent because 'tourism' is not identified as a conventional production industry. 1

Queensland Regional Tourism Satellite Accounts 2013-14 Satellite accounts are an expansion of the national accounts for selected areas of interest (while still maintaining the concepts and structures of the core accounts). Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSAs) evaluate tourism industry performance within a national accounting framework, by combining the contribution of each of the products and services that make up the industry. Adherence to national accounting techniques makes it possible for TSA estimates to be compared against conventional industries such as mining and manufacturing. The current State and National TSA estimates are based on an internationally recognised and standardised methodology that has been set by the United Nations World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO) and endorsed by global peak economic and tourism entities. This approach ensures that Australian tourism statistics are reliable, relevant and comparable with the tourism statistics of other nations. The regional estimates presented in this report also adhere to the international framework. Put simply, a TSA measures the direct and indirect impact of tourism on the economy and includes metrics such as Gross Value Added (GVA), Gross Regional Product (GRP) and employment. It also provides information about tourism consumption, output, taxation and the composition of the tourism industry and its interaction with other industries. The 'direct' impact of tourism refers to the contribution generated by trade between the visitor and producer for a good or service that involves a direct physical or economic relationship (e.g. room rates and additional services provided to visitors staying in a hotel). 'Indirect' impacts represent the flow-on effects created by the demand for inputs from those industries directly supplying goods and services to visitors (e.g. the hotel industry requirement for fresh and processed food produce for inhouse restaurants, as well as bed linen, towels and room furnishings). 1.2.1 State Tourism Satellite Account The latest State TSAs were produced by TRA (released in April 2015), is the fourth time TRA has produced State TSA since it took over from Centre for Economics and Policy (CEP), in 2010, as the primary reporting agency on State TSAs. understands that the data sources and techniques used by TRA have been consistent over the three reporting years. However, prior to 2009-10 the CEP and the Cooperative Research Centre for Sustainable Tourism (STCRC) produced the State TSAs. The modelling techniques employed by the CEP and STCRC differ to those adopted by TRA. Thus, pre 2009-10 State TSAs are not directly comparable to current day issues prepared by TRA. TRA State TSAs go beyond the scope of the National TSA by measuring both the direct and indirect contribution of the tourism industry. The direct contribution of tourism is strictly measured according to TSA framework defined by UNWTO. However, because the national framework is not designed to measure the indirect contribution of tourism, TRA has introduced a second tier to TSA technical standards by estimating the economic impacts of indirect effects using input-output (I-O) benchmark modelling techniques. 1.2.2 Regional Tourism Satellite Accounts The new suite of Regional TSA measures for each of Queensland s tourism regions complements both the national and state technical standards by ensuring consistency with current TSA practices in direct and indirect quantification. The regional nature of the exercise, however, requires a third tier to be introduced to TSA technical standards in order to appropriately determine cross region and cross border trade flows. Simply applying an economic multiplier to direct tourism value added at a regional level would overstate the sector s role in some regions and understate it in others. For example, it would 2

overstate the indirect impacts and therefore the size of the sector in regions that do not or cannot supply intermediate tourism industry inputs locally, but rather source them from other regions. Effectively and accurately accounting for cross-region trade flows is challenging as reliable data on inter-regional trade arrangements is not currently maintained. Economic models known as gravity models are typically employed and currently regarded as a best practice approach. Gravity modelling is a widely applied and empirically tested economic technique to estimating crossregional trade flows when confronted with incomplete data. The framework is based on economic demand and supply theory for each commodity, and is impacted by the distance between two regions as a barrier to trade (e.g. regions with an oversupply of processed foods are more likely to provide these goods to bordering or closely proximate regions with an excess demand for processed foods). employed a gravity modelling technique to develop a concise set of benchmark multipliers that reflect bi-lateral trade flows between Queensland s regions. 1.3 Accounting concepts There are a number of complex steps required to calculate the tourism industry's contribution to a regional economy. Each step is briefly summarised in the following: 1. Derive estimated domestic and international tourism consumption by tourism characteristic expenditure item. The richest source of data relating to economic activity in the tourism sector is the expenditure patterns of visitors in terms of how much they spend and what they purchase. The gap in the information is where in Australia the good was purchased. Thus, some manipulation of the available data is required to develop robust regional expenditure profiles. 2. Isolate taxes and subsidies, imports and margins to derive a clean profile of tourism consumption at basic prices. The ABS National Accounts: Input-Output Tables (Product Details) (Cat. No. 5215.055.001) contains household final consumption by product information, at purchasers prices and basic prices, and includes details on net taxes, imports and margins at this level. This Input-Output Product Classification (IOPC) can be directly (oneto-one) mapped to tourism characteristic and connected products. 3. Link each of the tourism characteristic (and connected) products to conventional, production-defined industries. That is, to effectively estimate the size of the tourism industry s contribution to the economy at a given geographical level requires mapping each consumption item to ABS ANZSIC defined production industries. In some cases this is clear cut (e.g. expenditure on hotel accommodation); in others it is not (e.g. expenditure on entertainment and recreation is often poorly defined). 4. Exclude the supply of goods by producers who do not have a direct relationship with consumers (i.e. cost to retailers of domestic goods sold directly to visitors) using benchmark ratios (derived from ABS input-output (I-O) tables) to derive direct tourism output. 5. Distribute direct tourism output across related supply industries using regional input-output multiplier tables, to derive direct tourism value added, regional product and employment. The direct tourism contribution is summed across all industries to calculate the tourism industry s contribution to the regional economy. 6. Finally, indirect impacts must also be appropriately represented. At the regional level this is a complex issue due to the need to account for cross-region trade flows. Simply applying an economic multiplier to direct tourism consumption at a regional level would overstate the sector s role in some regions and understate it in others. To account for these system 3

dynamics, has employed a gravity modelling approach to define a matrix of benchmark ratios for deriving indirect effects. For consistency and assurance, the regional results are calibrated against the reported 2013-14 State TSA data for each key output. Caveat: in order to produce estimates at such a detailed level of granularity, a number of data manipulations and assumptions are made. The assumptions underlying the model may have some effect on the quality of the outputs. To limit the potential impact, has employed best practice accounting techniques and the best available data to provide a robust set of TSA estimates. For a more detailed understanding of the underlying methodology and concepts to regional tourism satellite accounting, please refer to the Regional Tourism Satellite Account: Specification Document and the glossary of terms at the back of this report. 1.4 Regional context The regional TSA report provides details for Queensland s 12 regions in accordance with the regional boundaries determined by TRA. The contribution of each primary source market s (i.e. day-trippers, domestic overnight visitors, and international visitors) tourism activity to each region is presented in the main body of the report. Figure 1.1 below provides the geographical layout of each Queensland tourism region. 4

Figure 1.1: Queensland Tourism Regions 1 Brisbane 2 Bundaberg North Burnett 3 Central Queensland 4 Darling Downs (SQC) 5 Fraser Coast 6 Gold Coast 7 Mackay 8 Northern (Townsville) 9 Outback 10 Sunshine Coast 11 Tropical North Queensland 12 Whitsundays Source: mapping 1.5 Report structure The remainder of the report is structured as follows: Section 2: Summary of results: Summarises the key economic aggregates for tourism industry activity in Queensland s regions, and provides a ranking of the relative importance of tourism s contribution to each of the regions. Section 3: Key trends in tourism: presents the key historical trends in tourism s contribution to Queensland s tourism regions, between 2006-07 and 2013-14. Section 4 Regional profiles: presents regional profiles for each of the State s regions. Each regional profile draws together the key outcomes for tourism s contribution to the economy in a succinct, standalone report. Appendices: Provides supporting information for the TSA methodology, concepts and definitions of economic terms. 5

2 Summary of Results The primary goal of the research is to quantify the economic contribution of tourism, both direct and indirect, to each region in Queensland for the 2013-14 financial year. The estimates of tourism contribution presented in this report are in 2013-14 prices. The key indicators presented are: Gross Regional Product (GRP); Gross Value Added (GVA); Employment (both part time and full time employed persons); and Tourism consumption and output. For further information on how these indicators are defined, refer to the glossary at the back of this report. 2.1 Key tourism aggregates In 2013-14 tourism consumption in Queensland totalled $27.2 billion, with Brisbane contributing 26% or $7.1 billion and regional Queensland contributing the remaining 74 % or $20.0 billion. This consumption generated: $7.0 billion and $5.5 billion in direct and indirect tourism output, producing $12.5 billion in total contribution to Brisbane; and $12.8 billion and $18.6 billion in direct and indirect tourism output, producing $31.4 billion in total contribution to regional Queensland; $3.4 billion and $2.3 billion in direct and indirect tourism GVA, producing $5.7 billion in total contribution to Brisbane; and $6.4 billion and $7.7 billion in direct and indirect tourism GVA, producing $14.1 billion in total contribution to regional Queensland $3.7 billion and $2.6 billion in direct and indirect tourism GRP, producing $6.3 billion in total contribution to Brisbane; and $7.0 billion and $8.9 billion in direct and indirect tourism GRP, producing $16.0 billion in total contribution to regional Queensland; and 42,900 jobs for people employed directly by the tourism industry in Brisbane, with 21,800 indirect jobs and a total employment impact in Brisbane of 64,700people; plus 88,000 jobs for people employed directly by the tourism industry in regional Queensland, with 74,600 indirect jobs and a total employment impact in regional Queensland of 162,700 people. As Brisbane is a large and diverse economy, it is less reliant on any one industry (see Chart 2.1). This contrasts with regional Queensland where activity is often clustered around a few industries that are critical to the area. While the State s iconic tourism regions, such as the Whitsundays and Tropical North Queensland, are heavily relatively reliant on the tourism industry, the emerging narrative of the contribution tourism makes to regional economies is more complex. This is a result of the strong links between tourism and the industries, such as agriculture and food manufacturing, which supply intermediate inputs. 6

Chart 2.1: Tourism contribution to Brisbane and Queensland regional economies, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. 2.2 Tourism consumption Tourism consumption is the total value of goods and services consumed by domestic and international visitors in Queensland s regions 1. It is measured in purchasers prices the price the visitor pays, including all taxes, subsidies and sales margins. Chart 2.2: Regional tourism consumption at purchasers prices, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. 1 This includes imputed non-market transactions such as the estimated rental value of accommodation in self-owned holiday homes; the cost to households of food and alcohol in hosting visiting friends and relatives; and non-market services provided by governments, such as entry to museums and galleries. 7

Chart 2.2 presents Queensland s regional tourism consumption profile in 2013-14. In 2013-14, tourism consumption in Queensland totalled $27.2 billion, of which consumption in Brisbane accounted for 26% ($7.1 billion). Other top tourism destinations, such as the Gold Coast (23% or $6.3 billion), Tropical North Queensland (14% or $3.7 billion), and the Sunshine Coast (12% or $3.4 billion) made up the bulk of the remaining consumption. Chart 2.3 provides details of the domestic and international visitor contribution to tourism consumption. In Brisbane, domestic travel accounted for $5.0 billion (71%) of tourism consumption, and international travel the remaining $2.1 billion (29%). Of the domestic tourism contribution, overnight tourism is the biggest contributor (at $3.7 billion), with day trips making up the remaining $1.3 billion. In regional Queensland, on the other hand, domestic travel is more significant, accounting for $16.4 billion (82%) of tourism consumption, and international travel the remaining $3.7 billion (18%). For all regions, domestic overnight travel was the biggest contributor to total consumption, making up an average of 67%, with same-day travel contributing an average of 15%. Chart 2.3: Domestic and international contribution to tourism consumption, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. Around a third (36% or $2.1 billion) of all international tourism consumption and a quarter of total domestic tourism consumption (24% or $5.0 billion) occurs in Brisbane. Considering the relative importance of domestic tourism to regional Queensland (making up 82% of total tourism expenditure versus 71% for Brisbane), there is: (a) potential to attract more international tourism to regional Queensland, and (b) the need to foster and grow domestic tourism participation in Queensland s non-metropolitan regions. Indeed, in 2013-14, a notable portion of consumption in regional destinations such as the Bundaberg North Burnett, Mackay, and Darling Downs (SQC) was contributed by same-day visitors (ranging between 25% and 35% of all tourism consumption). Geographically, each of these regions either lies in close proximity to Brisbane, or serve as gateways to popular destinations. For instance, Bundaberg 8

North Burnett is an access point to the Great Barrier Reef, while Mackay is an access point to the Whitsundays. At the sectoral level, the tourism characteristic and connected products that tended to contribute most to tourism consumption in Queensland s regions in 2013-14 were: Takeaway and restaurant meals (around 15% of consumption for all regions); Long distance passenger transportation (with a high of 19% of consumption in Tropical North Queensland; 15% for Brisbane and 16% regional Queensland); and Shopping (a high of 15% of consumption in Mackay; 13% in Brisbane and 12% in regional Queensland); Along with fuel retail and accommodation services, these tourism characteristic and connected products were the most prominent across all of Queensland s tourism sub-regions. However, the ranking of these sectors varied from region to region. 2.3 Tourism output Tourism industry output is the total value of goods and services produced to meet visitor consumption. It is measured in basic prices, so it excludes net taxes on tourism products and reallocates any associated margins to the producing industries (e.g. retail margins are allocated to the retail industry and transport margins are allocated to the transport industry). Overall, in 2013-14, direct tourism output in Queensland totalled $19.8 billion (refer Chart 2.4 below) and the regions that contributed most to direct tourism output in Queensland were: Brisbane - $7.0 billion (35%); Gold Coast - $4.5 billion (23%); and Tropical North Queensland - $2.5 billion (13%) Chart 2.4: Regional direct tourism output at basic prices, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. 9

Domestic travel made the largest contribution to direct tourism output in the Sunshine Coast ($1.7 billion or 86%) and Darling Downs (SQC) ($0.7 billion or 85%). In contrast, over the same period, domestic tourism contributed relatively less to output in Tropical North Queensland ($1.7 billion or 69%) and Brisbane ($5.0 billion or 72%). Overall, regional Queensland is more reliant on domestic tourism, with on average 76% of total output sourced from domestic visitors. Of the domestic tourism contribution, Bundaberg North Burnett and South Queensland Country were most reliant on same-day travel, making up 19% ($44 million) and 18% ($143 million) of total tourism output in the respective regions. This is most likely due to a combination of their relative proximity to Brisbane and their function as a gateway between Brisbane and the Great Barrier Reef. In contrast, domestic overnight tourism contributed more to the Outback ($138 million or 75%), the Sunshine Coast ($1.4 billion or 73%), and Whitsundays ($433 million or 73%) direct tourism output. At the industry level, the tourism industries that tended to contribute most to total direct tourism output in Queensland s regions in 2013-14 were: Air, water and other transport (ranging from 32% of direct output in Brisbane to 3% in Bundaberg North Burnett; 14% for regional Queensland on average); Accommodation (ranging from over 30% of direct output in Whitsundays, Outback and Mackay to 9% in Brisbane; 23% in regional Queensland on average); and Cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services (ranging from 21% of direct output in Sunshine Coast to 10% in Outback; 16% for regional Queensland on average). Along with retail trade, these tourism characteristic and connected industries were the most prominent across all Queensland tourism regions. However, the ranking of these industries varied from region to region. Of note is that the air, water and other transport sector ranked well above cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services in Whitsundays and Tropical North Queensland; a result of the regions reliance on air and sea travel to visit popular islands or the Great Barrier Reef. Indirect output from tourism spend in Queensland s regions contributed a further $24.0 billion in Queensland and $0.6 billion to the Rest of Australia in 2013-14. Brisbane ($5.5 billion or 23%), Gold Coast ($5.0 billion or 21%), Sunshine Coast ($2.7 billion or 11%), and Tropical North Queensland ($2.2 billion or 9%) were the highest contributors to indirect tourism output. Interestingly, while Brisbane contributed 35% to tourism output directly, the region s contribution indirect output was just 23%. This contrasts to regional Queensland where indirect tourism output (77%) was a greater share of total output than their direct contribution 65%. This highlights the importance of secondary industries to the contribution of tourism in regional Queensland. Chart 2.5 below shows that the direct tourism contribution to total tourism output was largest for Brisbane (56%), followed by Tropical North Queensland (53%), Gold Coast 48%), and Sunshine Coast (42%). On average, regional Queensland recorded a direct contribution to total tourism output of 41%. Outback s indirect contribution as a share of its total output was 82% followed closely by Bundaberg North Burnett (81%); this is driven by the regions high agricultural sector concentration and the relatively smaller size of these regions visitor economies. Other regions with a relatively high weighting on indirect contribution to tourism output include Northern (Townsville) and Whitsundays. While both are traditional tourism destinations, the regions also have significant transport industries that serve as intermediate inputs to the tourism industry. Refer to Appendix C for supporting information regarding these dynamics. 10

Chart 2.5: Relative contribution of direct and indirect tourism output, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. 2.4 Tourism Gross Value Added Tourism GVA is considered the most accurate measure of the contribution of tourism to an economy. It includes the total labour income and revenue the industry receives, less net taxes paid on products. Tourism GVA is measured in basic prices. Direct tourism GVA in Queensland was $9.8 billion in 2013-14 (see Chart 2.6 below), representing 3.5% of Queensland s total GVA. Brisbane contributed $3.4 billion or 34% of Queensland s direct tourism GVA, with the remaining $6.4 billion or 66% contributed by regional Queensland. The regions that contributed most to regional Queensland s direct tourism GVA were: Gold Coast ($2.3 billion or 23% of direct tourism GVA); Tropical North Queensland ($1.2 billion or 12% of direct tourism GVA); and Sunshine Coast ($1.0 billion or 10% of direct tourism GVA). 11

Chart 2.6: Regional direct tourism GVA at basic prices, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. Chart 2.7 displays the domestic and international visitor contribution to direct tourism GVA. In 2013-14, Queensland s direct tourism GVA was made up of: Domestic travel - $7.4 billion (75%), of which same-day and domestic overnight travel contributed $0.9 billion and $6.4 billion respectively. International tourism - $2.4 billion (25%). Domestic travel made the most significant contribution to direct tourism GVA in the Sunshine Coast ($0.8 billion or 85%), Darling Downs (SQC) ($0.3 billion or 83%), and Central Queensland ($0.3 billion or 82%) in 2013-14. In contrast, over the same period, the domestic travel contribution to direct tourism GVA for Brisbane was only 70% or $2.4 billion. Domestic travel was also relatively less important to direct tourism GVA for Tropical North Queensland ($0.8 billion or 68%) and the Whitsundays ($0.2 billion or 76%). Regional Queensland as a whole averaged 78% direct tourism GVA contribution from domestic travel. 12

Chart 2.7: Domestic and international contribution to direct tourism GVA, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. Chart 2.8 shows the contribution of source markets to the domestic tourism generated direct tourism GVA, while Chart 2.9 shows the contribution of all source markets to direct tourism GVA. Direct tourism GVA contribution attributable to same-day travel was highest for Bundaberg North Burnett (18%) and Darling Downs (SQC) (18%). In contrast, the contribution of overnight domestic travel was highest in Outback, Sunshine Coast, and the Whitsundays, each at 73%. Chart 2.8: Contribution of segments to domestic direct tourism GVA, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. 13

Chart 2.9: Source market contribution to direct tourism GVA, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. The relative contribution of direct and indirect tourism GVA to total tourism GVA is shown in Chart 2.10 below. Direct tourism GVA contributed most significantly to total regional GVA in the Whitsundays (12.7%), Tropical North Queensland (8.9%), Gold Coast (8.4%), Sunshine Coast (6.8%), and Fraser Coast (5.7%); the more iconic tourism regions of regional Queensland. In contrast, direct tourism s contribution to regional GVA was smallest in Mackay (1.1%), Outback (1.6%), Central Queensland (1.9%), and Brisbane (2.4%). On average, direct tourism in regional Queensland contributed 4.7% to regional GVA. Chart 2.10: Contribution of tourism GVA to each regional economy, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. 14

The tourism related industries that contributed most to direct tourism GVA in Queensland s regions in 2013-14 were: Accommodation (ranging from 36% of direct GVA in Whitsundays to 10% in Brisbane; 24% in regional Queensland on average); Retail trade (contributing between 24% of direct GVA in in Bundaberg North Burnett, with a low of 8% in Outback; 13% in Brisbane and 14% in regional Queensland on average); Air, water and other transport (ranging from 24% in Tropical North Queensland to a low of 2% of direct GVA in Bundaberg North Burnett; 23% in Brisbane and 11% in regional Queensland on average); and Cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services (a low of 7% of direct GVA in Outback to a high of 16% in Sunshine Coast, and an average of 12% in regional Queensland) These tourism characteristic and connected industries were prominent across all Queensland s tourism sub-regions, although the ownership of dwellings industry also featured prominently in a number of regions. Indirect Queensland tourism GVA contributed a further $10.2 billion nationwide in 2013-14 (with $10.0 billion being contributed to the internal Queensland economy). Brisbane ($2.3 billion or 23%), Gold Coast ($2.1 billion or 21%), Sunshine Coast ($1.1 billion or 11%), and Tropical North Queensland ($0.9 billion or 9%) contributed the most to indirect tourism GVA. Overall, regional Queensland recorded a total indirect tourism GVA of $7.7 billion. 2.5 Tourism employment The TSAs define tourism employment as the number of part-time and full-time tourism employed persons. In 2013-14, there were 130,900 persons directly employed in tourism in Queensland. As Chart 2.11 shows, Brisbane contributed 42,900 persons or 33% of state-wide direct tourism employment, with the remaining 88,000 persons contributed by regional Queensland. The Tourism Queensland regions that contributed most significantly to direct tourism employment were: Gold Coast (30,400 persons or 23% of direct tourism employment); Sunshine Coast (15,700 persons or 12% of direct tourism employment); and Tropical North Queensland (14,600 persons or 11% of direct tourism employment). 15

Chart 2.11: Regional direct tourism employed persons, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. Chart 2.12 shows the share of full time employed persons working directly in the tourism industry was highest in the Whitsundays (67%), followed by the Sunshine Coast (65%) and Tropical North Queensland (60%). Overall, 53% of employed persons working directly in the regional Queensland tourism economy were full time workers, compared to 54% for Brisbane. In general, capital cities have a higher concentration of tourism employment in the transport sector that has a higher proportion of full time jobs compared to traditional tourism sectors such as accommodation, food services, and retail. That said, some parts of regional Queensland have a higher proportion of full time jobs than the average for traditional tourism sectors due to their remote location. Chart 2.12: Status breakdown of persons directly employed in tourism industry, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. 16

By industry, the tourism industries that contributed most to direct tourism employment in Queensland s regions in 2013-14 were: Cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services (ranging from 16% of direct employment in Outback and 20% in Whitsundays to 30% in the Sunshine Coast; 26% for regional Queensland on average); Retail trade (contributing from 14% of direct employment in Outback and Whitsundays to 28% in Bundaberg North Burnett, and averaging 18% for regional Queensland); and Accommodation (ranging from 7% of direct employment in Brisbane to 24% for Whitsundays and 26% for Outback; and 15% for regional Queensland on average). Chart 2.13: Contribution of industries to direct tourism employment, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. In contrast to the absolute number of employed persons, direct tourism regional employment was most important to: Whitsundays (3,000 persons or 16.9% of the total regional employment); Tropical North Queensland (14,600 persons or 11.2% of the total regional employment); and Gold Coast (30,400 persons or 11.1% of the total regional employment). While employment in the following economies was relatively less reliant on the tourism industry: Mackay (2,200 persons or 2.6% of the total regional employment); Outback (1,000 persons or 3.0 % of the total regional employment); and Central Queensland (4,600 persons or 3.9% of the total regional employment). Although Brisbane was not among the top three regions least reliant on tourism, as a metropolitan centre with a diverse economy, it also has a low reliance, with the 42,900 persons employed directly in tourism making up 3.7% of total employed persons. Overall, a further 21,800 and 74,600 people were employed indirectly in Brisbane and regional Queensland respectively with an additional 2,200 indirectly employed throughout the Rest of Australia - as a result of supply services to tourism industry activity in 2013-14. Combined with direct tourism employment, this represented total employment from tourism of 64,700 or 5.5% of 17

total employment in Brisbane and 162,700 or 14.1% of total employment in regional Queensland. In regional Queensland, the regions where the tourism industries contributed the most to total employment were: Gold Coast (50,400 persons or 31% of regional Queensland direct and indirect tourism employment); Sunshine Coast (26,500 persons or 16% of regional Queensland total tourism employment); and Tropical North Queensland (23,500 persons or 15% of regional Queensland total tourism employment). 18

2.6 Detailed comparison data Queensland Regional Tourism Satellite Accounts 2013-14 The following statistics provide the detailed outcomes for the comparative importance of tourism and the level of tourism s contribution to each sub-regional and Tourism Queensland regional economy in 2013-14. For context, the total across all industries for each of the key aggregates is shown in Table 2.1. Table 2.1: Regional economy key aggregates, 2013-14 Region GVA GRP Employment $ million Persons ( 000) Tourism Queensland regions Brisbane 142,179 151,708 1,172 Bundaberg North Burnett 3,929 4,192 42 Central Queensland 18,475 19,713 118 Darling Downs (SQC) 16,316 17,410 147 Fraser Coast 3,240 3,457 36 Gold Coast 27,441 29,280 275 Mackay 16,770 17,894 85 Northern (Townsville) 12,961 13,830 116 Outback 6,086 6,494 32 Sunshine Coast 14,585 15,563 156 Tropical North Queensland 13,470 14,373 130 Whitsundays 2,277 2,430 18 Source: DAE derivation using ABS National Accounts and Census data. Table 2.2 shows that the sub-regions that contributed most to the state-wide direct contribution of tourism were Brisbane and Gold Coast. In contrast, regions most heavily reliant on the tourism industry were Whitsundays and Tropical North Queensland 19

Table 2.2: Comparative importance of tourism to local economies, 2013-14 Region Direct GVA Direct GRP Direct GVA Direct GRP ($ million) Share of local economy Tourism Queensland regions Brisbane 3,383 3,705 2.4% 2.4% Bundaberg North Burnett 123 135 3.1% 3.2% Central Queensland 343 375 1.9% 1.9% Darling Downs (SQC) 409 446 2.5% 2.6% Fraser Coast 184 201 5.7% 5.8% Gold Coast 2,294 2,510 8.4% 8.6% Mackay 189 207 1.1% 1.2% Northern (Townsville) 321 350 2.5% 2.5% Outback 96 104 1.6% 1.6% Sunshine Coast 994 1,084 6.8% 7.0% Tropical North Queensland 1,194 1,310 8.9% 9.1% Whitsundays 289 316 12.7% 13.0% Regional Queensland 6,436 7,039 4.7% 4.9% Queensland 9,818 10,745 3.5% 3.6% Source: Regional TSA model. As previously highlighted, the economic contribution of direct tourism was most important for Whitsundays, Tropical North Queensland, and the Gold Coast. Conversely, while tourism is important to Mackay, Outback, Northern (Townsville), and Brisbane, these regions are relatively less reliant on tourism s contribution to the structural regional economy. Chart 2.14: Direct tourism contribution to each regional economy, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. The regional economies most heavily reliant on indirect tourism flows are Whitsundays, Fraser Coast, and Bundaberg North Burnett. Refer to Appendix C for more information regarding the significant scale of the indirect effects for select regional economies. 20

Chart 2.15: Indirect tourism contribution to each regional economy, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. Chart 2.16 shows the total contribution of tourism for each region (i.e. the sum of the direct and indirect contributions of tourism). The economic contribution of tourism and its associated supply industries is most important to the Whitsundays, Fraser Coast, the Gold Coast, Tropical North Queensland, and the Sunshine Coast. Chart 2.16: Total tourism contribution to each regional economy, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. 21

Table 2.3 and Table 2.4 below contain the detailed regional estimates for each of the key economic aggregates. While the level of tourism s contribution is valuable for determining the importance of the region to the overall tourism sector, tourism contribution to the regional economy demonstrates the importance of tourism to local economies. 22

Table 2.3: Contribution of tourism to Tourism Queensland regions, 2013-14 Region Output GVA GRP Employment Basic prices - $ million ( 000) Direct tourism contribution Brisbane 7,016 3,383 3,705 42.9 Bundaberg North Burnett 232 123 135 2.1 Central Queensland 672 343 375 4.6 Darling Downs (SQC) 793 409 446 6.9 Fraser Coast 361 184 201 2.9 Gold Coast 4,499 2,294 2,510 30.4 Mackay 365 189 207 2.2 Northern (Townsville) 629 321 350 4.7 Outback 184 96 104 1.0 Sunshine Coast 1,975 994 1,084 15.7 Tropical North Queensland 2,510 1,194 1,310 14.6 Whitsundays 595 289 316 3.0 Regional Queensland 12,816 6,436 7,039 88.0 Queensland 19,831 9,818 10,745 130.9 Indirect tourism contribution from consumption in Queensland Brisbane 5,460 2,275 2,632 21.8 Bundaberg North Burnett 1,015 420 486 4.1 Central Queensland 1,238 512 593 4.9 Darling Downs (SQC) 1,529 637 738 6.1 Fraser Coast 1,013 424 491 4.1 Gold Coast 4,965 2,057 2,382 20.0 Mackay 952 395 458 3.8 Northern (Townsville) 1,091 447 517 4.3 Outback 853 356 412 3.4 Sunshine Coast 2,680 1,109 1,284 10.8 Tropical North Queensland 2,237 921 1,066 9.0 Whitsundays 1,017 424 492 4.1 Regional Queensland 18,589 7,701 8,920 74.6 Rest of Australia 564 231 267 2.2 Queensland 24,050 9,976 11,552 98.7 Total tourism contribution Brisbane 12,476 5,657 6,338 64.7 Bundaberg North Burnett 1,247 543 620 6.2 Central Queensland 1,910 855 969 9.5 Darling Downs (SQC) 2,322 1,046 1,184 13.0 Fraser Coast 1,373 608 692 7.0 Gold Coast 9,465 4,351 4,892 50.4 Mackay 1,318 583 666 6.0 Northern (Townsville) 1,719 768 867 9.0 Outback 1,037 452 516 4.4 Sunshine Coast 4,655 2,103 2,368 26.5 Tropical North Queensland 4,747 2,115 2,376 23.5 Whitsundays 1,612 713 809 7.1 Regional Queensland 31,405 14,137 15,959 162.7 Rest of Australia 564 231 267 2.2 Queensland 44,445 20,025 22,564 229.6 23

Table 2.4: Importance of tourism to Queensland s regions, 2013-14 Region GVA GRP Employment Share of regional economy (%) Direct tourism contribution Brisbane 2.4% 2.4% 3.7% Bundaberg North Burnett 3.1% 3.2% 5.0% Central Queensland 1.9% 1.9% 3.9% Darling Downs (SQC) 2.5% 2.6% 4.7% Fraser Coast 5.7% 5.8% 8.1% Gold Coast 8.4% 8.6% 11.1% Mackay 1.1% 1.2% 2.6% Northern (Townsville) 2.5% 2.5% 4.0% Outback 1.6% 1.6% 3.0% Sunshine Coast 6.8% 7.0% 10.1% Tropical North Queensland 8.9% 9.1% 11.2% Whitsundays 12.7% 13.0% 16.9% Regional Queensland 4.7% 4.9% 7.6% Queensland 3.5% 3.6% 5.6% Indirect tourism contribution Brisbane 1.6% 1.7% 1.9% Bundaberg North Burnett 10.7% 11.6% 9.6% Central Queensland 2.8% 3.0% 4.2% Darling Downs (SQC) 3.9% 4.2% 4.2% Fraser Coast 13.1% 14.2% 11.3% Gold Coast 7.5% 8.1% 7.3% Mackay 2.4% 2.6% 4.5% Northern (Townsville) 3.4% 3.7% 3.7% Outback 5.9% 6.3% 10.7% Sunshine Coast 7.6% 8.2% 6.9% Tropical North Queensland 6.8% 7.4% 6.9% Whitsundays 18.6% 20.3% 23.0% Regional Queensland 5.7% 6.2% 6.5% Queensland 3.7% 4.0% 4.2% Total tourism contribution Brisbane 4.0% 4.2% 5.5% Bundaberg North Burnett 13.8% 14.8% 14.7% Central Queensland 4.6% 4.9% 8.0% Darling Downs (SQC) 6.4% 6.8% 8.9% Fraser Coast 18.8% 20.0% 19.5% Gold Coast 15.9% 16.7% 18.3% Mackay 3.5% 3.7% 7.0% Northern (Townsville) 5.9% 6.3% 7.8% Outback 7.4% 8.0% 13.7% Sunshine Coast 14.4% 15.2% 17.0% Tropical North Queensland 15.7% 16.5% 18.0% Whitsundays 31.3% 33.3% 40.0% Regional Queensland 10.4% 11.0% 14.1% Queensland (internal contribution) 7.2% 7.6% 9.9% Source: Regional TSA model. 24

3 Key trends in tourism 3.1 Brisbane Chart 3.1 shows the growth in tourism s direct GVA from 2006-07 to 2013-14, as compared to growth in GVA for the whole of Brisbane s economy. Tourism grew at a faster pace than the Brisbane economy from 2006-07 until 2008-09 but declined significantly in the wake of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC). From 2009-10 tourism has grown steadily, averaging 3.7% p.a and reaching a GVA of $3.4 billion by 2013-14. More recently however, there has been a marginal decline in tourism activity, with GVA falling by 1.0% from 2012-13 to 2013-14. Chart 3.1: Brisbane comparative GVA growth, 2006-07 to 2013-14 (Indexed: 2006=100) Chart 3.2 graphs the absolute values for direct tourism GVA and employment in Brisbane, from 2006-07 to 2013-14. The profile for GVA is the same as that in Chart 3.1, direct GVA grew from $2.6 billion in 2006-07 to $3.3 billion in 2008-09. Tourism GVA fell to $2.9 billion in 2009-10 but has since recovered to $3.4 billion in 2013-14. Employment as a result of direct activity from tourism has had a similar growth pattern, increasing to 45,900 in 2007-08 and falling to 42,800 in 2009-10 post-gfc. More recently employment has declined more significantly than GVA, falling from 48,900 in 2012-13 to 42,900 in 2013-14. 25

Chart 3.2: Brisbane direct tourism GVA and employment, 2006-07 to 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. Tourism s share of GRP and employment in Brisbane has remained steady across the modelling period, averaging 2.5% of economy wide GRP and 4.0% of total employment. As shown in Chart 3.3, tourism s share of employment declined in 2009-10 to 3.8% but recovered to 4.0% in 2013-14. Tourism s share of GRP has also fallen marginally, decreasing from 2.6% in 2006-07 to 2.4% in 2013-14. Chart 3.3: Tourism s share of GRP and Employment, Brisbane, 2006-07 to 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. 3.2 Regional Queensland Growth in direct tourism GVA for regional Queensland is compared to economy wide GVA in Chart 3.4. Tourism grew at in line with GVA in regional Queensland from 2006-07 to 2008-09. However, between 2008-09 and 2010-11, the tourism sector got hit by a combination of the GFC and extreme weather events more acutely than other industries, declining at an average rate of 7.9% p.a. Since then tourism has grown at 3.9% p.a., faster than the average GVA growth (2.4% p.a.) for regional Queensland over the same time period. 26

Chart 3.4: Regional Queensland GVA growth, 2006-07 to 2013-14 (Indexed: 2006=100) Source: Regional TSA model. Chart 3.5 shows the level of GVA and employment induced in regional Queensland as a result of direct tourism expenditure from 2006-07 to 2013-14. Tourism GVA grew from $5.2 billion for regional Queensland in 2006-07 to $6.5 billion in 2008-09. While activity declined after the GFC, it has since recovered to $6.4 billion. Employment has had a similar growth profile to GVA, however there has been less variance, averaging around 87,000 employed persons from 2006-07 to 2013-14. Chart 3.5: Regional Queensland direct tourism GVA and employment, 2006-07 to 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. Tourism s share of employment and GRP in regional Queensland has declined since 2006-07, with the share of GRP and employment falling by 0.6 and 1.0 percentage points respectively. As shown in Chart 3.6, tourism s share of GRP had its most significant decline in 2008-09, falling from 5.5% to 4.7%. Tourism s share of employment increased from 7.2% in 2010-2011 to 7.7% in 2012-13 but then declined to 7.3% in 2013-14. 27

Chart 3.6: Tourism s share of GRP and employment, regional Queensland, 2006-07 to 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. 3.3 Regional trends Chart 3.7 compares growth rates in GVA and employment for direct tourism activity. The top panel looks at the compound average growth rate from 2006-07 to 2013-14 and the bottom panel looks at the growth in the most recent year. From 2006-07 to 2013-14, tourism GVA grew most significantly in South Queensland Country (6.7%), Bundaberg North Burnett (5.7%), Central Queensland (4.4%) and Brisbane (4.1%). While tourism GVA grew across all regions, there was a fall in employment fell in some areas. This was most significant in the Fraser Coast (-1.7%) and Gold Coast (-0.8%). For Queensland as a whole, direct tourism GVA grew by 3.5% p.a and employment grew by 0.1% p.a. More recently, there has been a decline in tourism activity, with almost all regions experiencing a decline in tourism employment from 2012-13 to 2013-14. The largest falls occurred in Bundaberg North Burnett, experiencing a fall of 9.5% in GVA and 16.0% in employment in the most recent year. Northern (Townsville) and Fraser Coast were the only regions to see an increase in direct tourism GVA, growing by 6.0% and 3.2% respectively. Queensland s overall direct tourism GVA fell by 1.3% and employment fell by 5.7%. 28

Chart 3.7: Regional trend growth in tourism GVA and employment Source: Regional TSA model. 3.4 Relative industry performance Industry growth comparisons for all of Queensland are shown in Chart 3.8. While direct tourism GVA grew from 2006-2007 to 2013-14, it performed modestly compared to other industries, with the growth rate of GVA from tourism (3.5%) less than half the average industry growth (7.2%) from 2006-07 to 2013-14. This modest growth is a result of the shocks from the GFC, major floods and Cyclone Yasi. Prior, tourism GVA was marginally higher than the average industry growth, increasing at 8.3% p.a. compared to the industry average of 7.6% p.a. 29

Chart 3.8: Industry growth comparison (Index: 2006=100) Source: Regional TSA model, ABS The following three tables show the historical levels of GVA, GRP and employment from 2006-07 to 2013-14. They provide the direct, indirect and total impact of tourism activity. 30

Table 3.1: Tourism GVA by region ($ million), 2006-07 to 2013-14 Region 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Direct contribution Brisbane 2,556 2,853 3,308 2,922 3,019 3,325 3,418 3,383 Bundaberg North Burnett 84 104 123 104 105 111 136 123 Central Queensland 254 294 326 297 281 334 359 343 Darling Downs (SQC) 260 286 341 318 325 382 410 409 Fraser Coast 163 163 230 177 174 203 178 184 Gold Coast 1,824 1,980 2,354 2,053 1,941 2,226 2,279 2,294 Mackay 147 171 185 171 157 194 207 189 Northern (Townsville) 243 277 293 287 259 297 303 321 Outback 80 87 99 81 80 118 104 96 Sunshine Coast 803 915 1,053 858 891 927 1,059 994 Tropical North Queensland 1,050 1,111 1,227 1,093 1,057 1,184 1,202 1,194 Whitsundays 254 275 279 273 254 267 294 289 Regional Queensland 5,164 5,662 6,511 5,712 5,523 6,243 6,532 6,436 Queensland 7,720 8,515 9,818 8,634 8,543 9,568 9,950 9,818 Indirect contribution Brisbane 1,786 1,980 1,931 1,927 2,029 2,274 2,311 2,275 Bundaberg North Burnett 331 369 360 361 366 401 443 420 Central Queensland 420 466 430 450 428 504 529 512 Darling Downs (SQC) 455 481 482 508 516 601 642 637 Fraser Coast 378 388 411 388 389 444 423 424 Gold Coast 1,933 1,943 1,878 1,938 1,748 1,993 2,024 2,057 Mackay 332 361 337 352 339 398 416 395 Northern (Townsville) 374 406 362 405 369 419 427 447 Outback 306 325 312 310 312 372 367 356 Sunshine Coast 1,020 1,099 1,029 979 1,003 1,026 1,184 1,109 Tropical North Queensland 916 923 853 861 815 912 927 921 Whitsundays 389 408 361 394 375 401 429 424 Regional Queensland 6,854 7,170 6,816 6,944 6,659 7,472 7,811 7,701 Rest of Australia 191 206 200 201 204 229 235 231 Queensland 8,831 9,356 8,947 9,073 8,892 9,975 10,357 10,207 Total contribution Brisbane 4,342 4,834 5,239 4,849 5,049 5,599 5,729 5,657 Bundaberg North Burnett 414 474 483 465 471 512 579 543 Central Queensland 674 759 757 746 709 838 888 855 Darling Downs (SQC) 716 767 823 826 840 983 1,053 1,046 Fraser Coast 542 551 641 565 563 647 601 608 Gold Coast 3,757 3,923 4,232 3,990 3,689 4,220 4,304 4,351 Mackay 479 532 522 523 496 592 623 583 Northern (Townsville) 617 683 656 692 628 715 730 768 Outback 386 412 412 391 391 491 471 452 Sunshine Coast 1,824 2,013 2,081 1,837 1,893 1,953 2,242 2,103 Tropical North Queensland 1,967 2,034 2,080 1,954 1,871 2,096 2,129 2,115 Whitsundays 643 684 640 667 629 669 723 713 Regional Queensland 12,018 12,832 13,327 12,656 12,182 13,715 14,343 14,137 Rest of Australia 191 206 200 201 204 229 235 231 Queensland 16,552 17,872 18,765 17,706 17,434 19,543 20,307 20,025 Source: Regional TSA model. 31

Table 3.2: Tourism GRP by region ($ million), 2006-07 to 2013-14 Region 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Direct contribution Brisbane 2,794 3,144 3,112 3,208 3,312 3,654 3,737 3,705 Bundaberg North Burnett 92 113 115 113 114 120 149 135 Central Queensland 281 324 306 324 309 365 392 375 Darling Downs (SQC) 287 314 320 347 354 416 448 446 Fraser Coast 180 180 215 193 190 222 195 201 Gold Coast 2,023 2,181 2,201 2,242 2,120 2,435 2,498 2,510 Mackay 164 187 174 187 174 213 227 207 Northern (Townsville) 267 303 274 314 283 324 330 350 Outback 89 95 93 88 88 129 113 104 Sunshine Coast 896 1,009 982 936 970 1,012 1,157 1,084 Tropical North Queensland 1,150 1,223 1,160 1,194 1,160 1,299 1,319 1,310 Whitsundays 282 304 263 298 279 293 322 316 Regional Queensland 5,712 6,233 6,103 6,238 6,041 6,826 7,150 7,039 Queensland 8,506 9,377 9,215 9,446 9,353 10,480 10,887 10,745 Indirect contribution Brisbane 2,041 2,245 2,202 2,217 2,322 2,627 2,665 2,632 Bundaberg North Burnett 378 419 411 415 419 463 511 486 Central Queensland 481 530 492 519 491 583 611 593 Darling Downs (SQC) 520 546 550 585 590 695 741 738 Fraser Coast 433 440 468 447 446 513 488 491 Gold Coast 2,210 2,204 2,142 2,231 2,001 2,304 2,336 2,382 Mackay 380 411 386 406 389 462 481 458 Northern (Townsville) 427 460 413 466 422 484 492 517 Outback 349 369 356 356 357 430 423 412 Sunshine Coast 1,166 1,246 1,173 1,127 1,148 1,186 1,366 1,284 Tropical North Queensland 1,047 1,047 973 991 933 1,054 1,069 1,066 Whitsundays 445 464 413 455 430 465 496 492 Regional Queensland 7,838 8,135 7,777 7,998 7,626 8,638 9,015 8,920 Rest of Australia 219 234 228 231 233 264 270 267 Queensland 10,098 10,614 10,207 10,447 10,181 11,528 11,951 11,820 Total contribution Brisbane 4,835 5,390 5,314 5,425 5,634 6,281 6,403 6,338 Bundaberg North Burnett 470 532 525 529 533 584 660 620 Central Queensland 762 853 798 843 800 948 1,003 969 Darling Downs (SQC) 808 860 870 932 944 1,110 1,190 1,184 Fraser Coast 613 620 684 640 636 735 683 692 Gold Coast 4,233 4,385 4,343 4,474 4,122 4,739 4,833 4,892 Mackay 544 599 560 594 563 674 708 666 Northern (Townsville) 695 763 687 779 705 807 822 867 Outback 438 463 449 445 445 559 537 516 Sunshine Coast 2,063 2,255 2,156 2,063 2,118 2,198 2,523 2,368 Tropical North Queensland 2,197 2,270 2,133 2,186 2,093 2,353 2,387 2,376 Whitsundays 727 768 675 752 710 757 818 809 Regional Queensland 13,550 14,368 13,881 14,236 13,667 15,464 16,165 15,959 Rest of Australia 219 234 228 231 233 264 270 267 Queensland 18,604 19,991 19,423 19,893 19,535 22,009 22,838 22,564 Source: Regional TSA model. 32

Table 3.3 Tourism employment by region ( 000), 2006-07 to 2013-14 Region 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Direct contribution Brisbane 42 46 46 43 45 49 49 43 Bundaberg North Burnett 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Central Queensland 4 5 4 4 4 5 5 5 Darling Downs (SQC) 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 Fraser Coast 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Gold Coast 31 31 30 30 28 30 30 30 Mackay 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Northern (Townsville) 4 5 4 5 4 5 5 5 Outback 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Sunshine Coast 16 17 16 15 15 15 17 16 Tropical North Queensland 16 16 15 15 14 15 15 15 Whitsundays 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Regional Queensland 88 90 85 85 82 87 90 88 Queensland 130 136 131 128 127 136 139 131 Indirect contribution Brisbane 17 19 19 19 20 22 22 22 Bundaberg North Burnett 3 4 3 3 4 4 4 4 Central Queensland 4 5 4 4 4 5 5 5 Darling Downs (SQC) 4 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 Fraser Coast 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Gold Coast 19 19 19 19 17 20 20 20 Mackay 3 4 3 3 3 4 4 4 Northern (Townsville) 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Outback 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 Sunshine Coast 10 11 10 10 10 10 12 11 Tropical North Queensland 9 9 8 8 8 9 9 9 Whitsundays 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 Regional Queensland 67 69 66 66 64 72 75 75 Rest of Australia 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Queensland 86 91 87 86 86 97 99 99 Total contribution Brisbane 60 65 65 61 64 71 71 65 Bundaberg North Burnett 5 6 5 5 5 6 7 6 Central Queensland 8 9 8 9 8 10 10 10 Darling Downs (SQC) 10 10 10 11 11 13 13 13 Fraser Coast 7 7 7 7 7 8 7 7 Gold Coast 49 50 48 49 45 50 50 50 Mackay 5 6 5 6 5 6 7 6 Northern (Townsville) 8 9 8 9 8 9 9 9 Outback 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 4 Sunshine Coast 26 27 26 25 25 25 28 27 Tropical North Queensland 24 25 23 23 22 24 24 24 Whitsundays 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 7 Regional Queensland 154 160 151 151 146 159 165 163 Rest of Australia 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Queensland 216 227 218 215 212 233 238 230 Source: Regional TSA model. 33

4 Regional profiles The following regional profiles present and rank the economic contribution of tourism to each of the 12 tourism regions in Queensland (as well as the aggregate region, Southern Great Barrier Reef), both in absolute level terms and as a share of the regional economy. Each profile is designed to be a standalone factsheet that could be readily interpreted independently from the main consolidated report. For this reason, some components of the text are repeated for each regional profile.. 34

Regional Tourism Satellite Account Brisbane 2013-14 In 2013-14, the tourism industry contributed an estimated $6.3 billion to the Brisbane regional economy (4.2% of gross regional product) and directly employed approximately 42,900 people (3.7% of regional employment). Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSA) evaluates the tourism industry activity and performance within a national accounting framework. The regional TSA measures both the direct and indirect impacts of tourism on the economy and includes metrics such as Gross Value Added (GVA), Gross Regional Product (GRP) and employment. It also provides information about tourism consumption, output, taxation and the composition of the tourism industry and its interaction with other industries. This Brisbane regional profile ranks the economic contribution of tourism to the region both in absolute level terms and as a contribution to the regional economy. These measures are directly comparable to State, National, and indeed, international Tourism Satellite Accounts. Key aggregates In 2013-14, the tourism activity in Brisbane generated: Tourism output $7.0 billion and $5.5 billion in direct and indirect tourism output, and $12.5 billion in total tourism output. Gross Value Added (GVA) $3.4 billion and $2.3 billion in direct and indirect tourism GVA, and $5.7 billion in total tourism GVA. Gross Regional Product (GRP) $3.7 billion and $2.6 billion in direct and indirect tourism GRP and $6.3 billion in total tourism GRP; and Employment 42,900 jobs for people employed directly by the tourism industry, 21,800 indirect jobs and a total employment impact of 64,700 people. Economic importance of tourism in the region The ratio of Brisbane s direct tourism contribution to the total regional economy aggregates provides a point of reference snapshot for the importance of tourism to the region. In 2013-14, it is estimated that tourism directly represented 2.4% of the total Brisbane economy (in GRP terms), compared to 4.9% for regional Queensland. Due to the region s large and diverse economy, Brisbane is relatively less reliant on the tourism industry than regional Queensland. However, in level terms, Brisbane's total value of tourism is the highest in the state (supplying about 35% of the state-wide contribution of tourism). Chart 4.1: Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Brisbane, 2013-14 Table 4.1: Key tourism aggregates ($ million) - Brisbane Visitor segment Consumption Output GVA GRP Employed ( 000) Day-trippers 1,324 783 382 430 Domestic overnight 3,723 4,237 2,000 2,164 International 2,070 1,996 1,001 1,111 Direct 7,117 7,016 3,383 3,705 42.9 Indirect 5,460 2,275 2,632 21.8 Total impact 12,476 5,658 6,337 64.7 Total economy 142,179 151,708 1,171.5 Source: Regional TSA model. 35

Research factsheet - Value of tourism to Brisbane Tourism related industry profile At the industry level, the tourism products that contributed the most to tourism consumption in Brisbane in 2013-14 were: (1) $1.1 billion on long distance passenger transportation; (2) $1.0 bn on takeaway restaurants and meals; and (3) $0.9 bn on shopping. In terms of overall economic contribution, the tourism industries that generated the highest economic benefit to Brisbane in 2013-14 were: Air, water and other transport with $792 million in direct GVA and $862 million in direct GRP; Other retail trade with $454 million in direct GVA and $498 million in direct GRP. Cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services with $363 million in direct GVA and $404 million in direct GRP The tourism related industries that contributed most to regional tourism employment in Brisbane in 2013-14 were: Cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services (3,690 full time and 7,510 part time employed persons); Retail trade (3,840 full time and 3,750 part time employed persons); and Air, water and other transport (3,640 full time and 1,340 part time employed persons). Chart 4.3: Direct tourism employed persons, Brisbane, 2013-14 Tourism employment The TSAs define tourism employment as the number of tourism employed persons. In 2013-14 there were 42,900 persons (made up of 23,300 full-time and 19,600 part-time) directly employed in tourism in Brisbane. Chart 4.2: Contribution of tourism to employment, Brisbane, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. Regional tourism profile In 2013-14, visitors to Brisbane contributed a total of $7.1 billion in tourism consumption to the Brisbane economy. The majority of visitor consumption in the region was contributed by domestic overnight visitors ($3.7 billion). In relative terms, domestic overnight visitors to Brisbane spend the most per night ($225) on average. Table 4.2: Tourism activity summary - Brisbane Source: Regional TSA model. Visitor segment Nights ( 000) Nights (%) Consumption ($ million) Consumption (%) $ per night Day-trippers 11,871 24.4 1,323 18.6 112 Domestic overnight 16,541 34.0 3,723 52.3 225 International 20,199 41.6 2,070 29.1 103 Source: Tourism Research Australia Visitor Surveys and Deloitte Access Economics Regional TSA model. 36

Regional Tourism Satellite Account Bundaberg North Burnett 2013-14 In 2013-14, the tourism industry contributed an estimated $620 million to the Bundaberg North Burnett regional economy (14.8% of gross regional product) and directly employed approximately 2,100 people (5.0% of regional employment). Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSA) evaluates the tourism industry activity and performance within a national accounting framework. The regional TSA measures both the direct and indirect impacts of tourism on the economy and includes metrics such as Gross Value Added (GVA), Gross Regional Product (GRP) and employment. It also provides information about tourism consumption, output, taxation and the composition of the tourism industry and its interaction with other industries. This Bundaberg North Burnett regional profile ranks the economic contribution of tourism to the region both in absolute level terms and as a contribution to the regional economy. These measures are directly comparable to State, National, and indeed, international Tourism Satellite Accounts. Key aggregates In 2013-14, the tourism activity in Bundaberg North Burnett generated: Tourism output $0.2 billion and $1.0 billion in direct and indirect tourism output, and $1.2 billion in total tourism output. Gross Value Added (GVA) $0.1 billion and $0.4 billion in direct and indirect tourism GVA, and $0.5 billion in total tourism GVA. Gross Regional Product (GRP) $0.1 billion and $0.5 billion in direct and indirect tourism GRP and $0.6 billion in total tourism GRP; and Employment 2,100 jobs for people employed directly by the tourism industry, 4,100 indirect jobs and a total employment impact of 6,200 people. Economic importance of tourism in the region The ratio of Bundaberg North Burnett s direct tourism contribution to the total regional economy aggregates provides a point of reference snapshot for the importance of tourism to the region. In 2013-14, it is estimated that tourism directly represented 3.2% of the total Bundaberg North Burnett economy (in GRP terms), compared to 4.9% for regional Queensland. Bundaberg North Burnett ranked 6 th overall in the comparative importance of tourism across Queensland s regions. However, Bundaberg North Burnett ranked 11 th in overall industry size; supplying 1% of the state-wide contribution of tourism. Chart 4.4: Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Bundaberg North Burnett, 2013-14 Table 4.3: Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Bundaberg North Burnett Visitor segment Consumption Output GVA GRP Employed ( 000) Day-trippers 146 44 23 26 Domestic overnight 300 147 77 81 International 55 41 24 27 Direct 500 232 123 135 2.1 Indirect 1,015 420 486 4.1 Total impact 543 621 6.2 Total economy 3,929 4,192 42.1 Source: Regional TSA model. 37

Research factsheet - Value of tourism to Bundaberg North Burnett Tourism related industry profile At the industry level, the tourism products that contributed the most to tourism consumption in Bundaberg North Burnett in 2013-14 were: (1) $77m on takeaway and restaurant meals; (2) $72m on shopping; and (3) $66m on long distance transport. cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services (190 full time and 340 part time employed persons); and accommodation (110 full time and 120 part time employed persons). Chart 4.6: Direct tourism employed persons, Bundaberg North Burnett, 2013-14 In terms of overall economic contribution, the tourism industries that generated the highest economic benefit to Bundaberg North Burnett in 2013-14 were: Other retail trade with $30 million in direct GVA and $32 million in direct GRP; Accommodation with $23 million in direct GVA and $25 million in direct GRP; and Cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services with $17 million in direct GVA and $18 million in direct GRP. Tourism employment The TSAs define tourism employment as the number of tourism employed persons. In 2013-14 there were 2,100 persons (made up of 1,100 full-time and 1,000 part-time) directly employed in tourism in Bundaberg North Burnett. Chart 4.5: Contribution of tourism to employment, Bundaberg North Burnett, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. Regional tourism profile In 2013-14, visitors to Bundaberg North Burnett contributed a total of $0.5 billion in tourism consumption to the Bundaberg North Burnett economy. The majority of visitor consumption in the region was contributed by international visitors ($0.3 billion). In relative terms, domestic overnight visitors to Bundaberg North Burnett spend the most per night ($182) on average. Table 4.4: Tourism activity summary Bundaberg North Burnett Source: Regional TSA model. The tourism related industries that contributed most to regional tourism employment in Bundaberg North Burnett in 2013-14 were: retail trade (310 full time and 290 part time employed persons); Visitor segment Nights ( 000) Nights (%) Consumption ($ million) Consumption (%) $ per night Day-trippers 910 25.5 146 29.1 160 Domestic 1,646 46.1 300 59.9 182 overnight International 1,016 28.4 55 10.9 54 Source: Tourism Research Australia Visitor Surveys and Deloitte Access Economics Regional TSA model. 38

Regional Tourism Satellite Account Central Queensland 2013-14 In 2013-14, the tourism industry contributed an estimated $1.0 billion to the Central Queensland regional economy (4.9% of gross regional product) and directly employed approximately 4,600 people (3.9% of regional employment). Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSA) evaluates the tourism industry activity and performance within a national accounting framework. The regional TSA measures both the direct and indirect impacts of tourism on the economy and includes metrics such as Gross Value Added (GVA), Gross Regional Product (GRP) and employment. It also provides information about tourism consumption, output, taxation and the composition of the tourism industry and its interaction with other industries. This Central Queensland regional profile ranks the economic contribution of tourism to the region both in absolute level terms and as a contribution to the regional economy. These measures are directly comparable to State, National, and indeed, international Tourism Satellite Accounts. Key aggregates In 2013-14, the tourism activity in Central Queensland generated: Tourism output $0.7 billion and $1.2 billion in direct and indirect tourism output, and $1.9billion in total tourism output. Gross Value Added (GVA) $0.3 billion and $0.5 billion in direct and indirect tourism GVA, and $0.9 billion in total tourism GVA. Gross Regional Product (GRP) $0.4 billion and $0.6 billion in direct and indirect tourism GRP and $1.0 billion in total tourism GRP; and Employment 4,600 jobs for people employed directly by the tourism industry, 4,900 indirect jobs and a total employment impact of 9,500 people. Economic importance of tourism in the region The ratio of Central Queensland s direct tourism contribution to the total regional economy aggregates provides a point of reference snapshot for the importance of tourism to the region. In 2013-14, it is estimated that tourism directly represented 1.9% of the total Central Queensland economy (in GRP terms), compared to 4.9% for regional Queensland. Due to its large and diverse economy, Central Queensland ranked 10 th overall in the comparative importance of tourism across Queensland s regions. However, Central Queensland ranked 6 th in overall industry size; supplying 3.4% of the state-wide contribution of tourism. Chart 4.7: Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Central Queensland, 2013-14 Table 4.5: Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Central Queensland Visitor segment Consumption Output GVA GRP Employed ( 000) Day-trippers 271 79 40 46 Domestic overnight 894 479 241 258 International 74 113 63 72 Direct 1,239 672 343 375 4.6 Indirect 1,238 512 593 4.9 Total impact 1,910 855 969 9.5 Total economy 18,475 19,713 118.4 Source: Regional TSA model. 39

Research factsheet Value of tourism to Central Queensland Tourism related industry profile At the industry level, the tourism products that contributed the most to tourism consumption in Central Queensland in 2013-14 were: (1) $201m on takeaway and restaurant meals; (2) $178m on long distance transport; and (3) $163m on shopping. In terms of overall economic contribution, the tourism industries that generated the highest economic benefit to Central Queensland in 2013-14 were: Accommodation with $103 million in direct GVA and $113 million in direct GRP; Other retail trade with $47 million in direct GVA and $51 million in direct GRP; and Café, restaurants and takeaway food services with $39 million in direct GVA and $43 million in direct GRP. The tourism related industries that contributed most to regional tourism employment in Central Queensland in 2013-14 were: cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services (390 full time and 750 part time employed persons); accommodation (500 full time and 450 part time employed persons); and Retail trade (440 full time and 440 part time employed persons). Chart 4.9: Direct tourism employed persons, Central Queensland, 2013-14 Tourism employment The TSAs define tourism employment as the number of tourism employed persons. In 2013-14 there were 4,600 persons (made up of 2,400 full-time and 2,200 part-time) directly employed in tourism in Central Queensland. Chart 4.8: Contribution of tourism to employment, Central Queensland, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. Regional tourism profile In 2013-14, visitors to Central Queensland contributed a total of $1.2 billion in tourism consumption to the Central Queensland economy. The majority of visitor consumption in the region was contributed by domestic overnight visitors ($0.9 billion). In relative terms, domestic overnight visitors to Central Queensland spend the most per night ($183) on average. Table 4.6: Tourism activity summary Central Queensland Source: Regional TSA model. Visitor segment Nights ( 000) Nights (%) Consumption ($ million) Consumption (%) $ per night Day-trippers 1,814 22.6 271 21.9 150 Domestic 4,878 60.9 894 72.2 183 overnight International 1,319 16.5 74 5.9 56 Source: Tourism Research Australia Visitor Surveys and Deloitte Access Economics Regional TSA model. 40

Regional Tourism Satellite Account Fraser Coast 2013-14 In 2013-14, the tourism industry contributed an estimated $690 million to the Fraser Coast regional economy (20% of gross regional product) and directly employed approximately 2,900 people (8.1% of regional employment). Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSA) evaluates the tourism industry activity and performance within a national accounting framework. The regional TSA measures both the direct and indirect impacts of tourism on the economy and includes metrics such as Gross Value Added (GVA), Gross Regional Product (GRP) and employment. It also provides information about tourism consumption, output, taxation and the composition of the tourism industry and its interaction with other industries. This Fraser Coast regional profile ranks the economic contribution of tourism to the region both in absolute level terms and as a contribution to the regional economy. These measures are directly comparable to State, National, and indeed, international Tourism Satellite Accounts. Key aggregates In 2013-14, the tourism activity in Fraser Coast generated: Tourism output $0.4 billion and $1.0 billion in direct and indirect tourism output, and $1.4 billion in total tourism output. Gross Value Added (GVA) $0.2 billion and $0.4 billion in direct and indirect tourism GVA, and $0.6 billion in total tourism GVA. Gross Regional Product (GRP) $0.2 billion and $0.5 billion in direct and indirect tourism GRP and $0.7 billion in total tourism GRP; and Employment 2,900 jobs for people employed directly by the tourism industry, 4,100 indirect jobs and a total employment impact of 7,000 people. Economic importance of tourism in the region The ratio of Fraser Coast s direct tourism contribution to the total regional economy aggregates provides a point of reference snapshot for the importance of tourism to the region. In 2013-14, it is estimated that tourism directly represented 5.8% of the total Fraser Coast economy (in GRP terms), compared to 4.9% for regional Queensland. Fraser Coast ranked 5 th overall in the comparative importance of tourism across Queensland s regions but 10 th in overall industry size; supplying just 1.8% of the state-wide contribution of tourism. Chart 4.10: Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Fraser Coast, 2013-14 Table 4.7: Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Fraser Coast Visitor segment Consumption Output GVA GRP Employed ( 000) Day-trippers 90 41 20 23 Domestic overnight 370 254 128 138 International 66 65 36 41 Direct 526 361 184 201 2.9 Indirect 1,013 424 491 4.1 Total impact 1,373 608 692 7.0 Total economy 3,240 3,457 35.9 Source: Regional TSA model. 41

Research factsheet - Value of tourism to Fraser Coast Tourism related industry profile At the industry level, the tourism products that contributed the most to tourism consumption in Fraser Coast in 2013-14 were: (1) $82m on long distance transport; (2) $82m on takeaway and restaurant meals; and (3) $65m on shopping. In terms of overall economic contribution, the tourism industries that generated the highest economic benefit to Fraser Coast in 2013-14 were: Accommodation with $40 million in direct GVA and $44 million in direct GRP; Other retail trade with $30 million in direct GVA and $32 million in direct GRP; and Cafes, restaurants, taverns and pubs with $25 million in direct GVA and $28 million in direct GRP. The tourism related industries that contributed most to regional tourism employment in Fraser Coast in 2013-14 were: cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services (280 full time and 520 part time employed persons); and retail trade (280 full time and 320 part time employed persons); and accommodation (230 full time and 170 part time employed persons). Chart 4.12: Direct tourism employed persons, Fraser Coast, 2013-14 Tourism employment The TSAs define tourism employment as the number of tourism employed persons. In 2013-14 there were 2,920 persons (made up of 1,460 full-time and 1,460 part-time) directly employed in tourism in Fraser Coast. Chart 4.11: Contribution of tourism to employment, Fraser Coast 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. Regional tourism profile In 2013-14, visitors to Fraser Coast contributed a total of $0.5 billion in tourism consumption to the Fraser Coast economy. The majority of visitor consumption in the region was contributed by domestic overnight visitors ($0.4 billion). In relative terms, domestic overnight visitors to Fraser Coast spend the most per night ($155) on average. Source: Regional TSA model. Table 4.8: Tourism activity summary Fraser Coast Visitor segment Nights ( 000) Nights (%) Consumption ($ million) Consumption (%) $ per night Day-trippers 729 20 90 17 124 Domestic overnight 2,378 66 370 70 155 International 486 14 66 12 135 Source: Tourism Research Australia Visitor Surveys and Deloitte Access Economics Regional TSA model. 42

Regional Tourism Satellite Account Gold Coast 2013-14 In 2013-14, the tourism industry contributed an estimated $4.9 billion to the Gold Coast regional economy (16.7% of gross regional product) and directly employed approximately 30,400 people (11.1% of regional employment). Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSA) evaluates the tourism industry activity and performance within a national accounting framework. The regional TSA measures both the direct and indirect impacts of tourism on the economy and includes metrics such as Gross Value Added (GVA), Gross Regional Product (GRP) and employment. It also provides information about tourism consumption, output, taxation and the composition of the tourism industry and its interaction with other industries. This Gold Coast regional profile ranks the economic contribution of tourism to the region both in absolute level terms and as a contribution to the regional economy. These measures are directly comparable to State, National, and indeed, international Tourism Satellite Accounts. Key aggregates In 2013-14, the tourism activity in Gold Coast generated: Tourism output $4.5 billion and $5.0 billion in direct and indirect tourism output, and $9.5 billion in total tourism output. Gross Value Added (GVA) $2.3 billion and $2.1 billion in direct and indirect tourism GVA, and $4.4 billion in total tourism GVA. Gross Regional Product (GRP) $2.5 billion and $2.4 billion in direct and indirect tourism GRP and $4.9 billion in total tourism GRP; and Employment 30,400 jobs for people employed directly by the tourism industry, 20,000 indirect jobs and a total employment impact of 50,400 people. Economic importance of tourism in the region The ratio of Gold Coast s direct tourism contribution to the total regional economy aggregates provides a point of reference snapshot for the importance of tourism to the region. In 2013-14, it is estimated that tourism directly represented 8.6% of the total Gold Coast economy (in GRP terms), compared to 4.9% for regional Queensland. Due to the region s reputation as a tourism hotspot, Gold Coast ranked 3 rd overall in the comparative importance of tourism across Queensland s regions, and 2 nd in overall industry size; supplying 23.4% of the state-wide contribution of tourism. Chart 4.13: Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Gold Coast, 2013-14 Table 4.9: Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Gold Coast Visitor segment Consumption Output GVA GRP Employed ( 000) Day-trippers 798 391 186 211 Domestic overnight 4,174 3,145 1,597 1,716 International 1,356 962 510 583 Direct 6,328 4,499 2,294 2,510 30.4 Indirect 4,965 2,057 2,382 20.0 Total impact 9,465 4,351 4,892 50.4 Total economy 27,441 29,280 274.9 Source: Regional TSA model. 43

Research factsheet - Value of tourism to Gold Coast Tourism related industry profile At the industry level, the tourism products that contributed the most to tourism consumption in Gold Coast in 2013-14 were: (1) $1,034m on long distance transport; (2) $979m on takeaway and restaurant meals; and (3) $789m on shopping. In terms of overall economic contribution, the tourism industries that generated the highest economic benefit to Gold Coast in 2013-14 were: Accommodation with $509 million in direct GVA and $561 million in direct GRP; Ownership of dwellings with $304 million in direct GVA and $332 million in direct GRP; and Cafes, restaurants, taverns and pubs with $289 million in direct GVA and $319 million in direct GRP. The tourism related industries that contributed most to regional tourism employment in Gold Coast in 2013-14 were: cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services (2,830 full time and 5,190 part time employed persons); retail trade (2,480 full time and 2,590 part time employed persons); and accommodation (2,770 full time and 1,690 part time employed persons). Chart 4.15: Direct tourism employed persons, Gold Coast, 2013-14 Tourism employment The TSAs define tourism employment as the number of tourism employed persons. In 2013-14 there were 30,390 persons (made up of 15,850 full-time and 14,500 part-time) directly employed in tourism in Gold Coast. Chart 4.14: Contribution of tourism to employment, Gold Coast, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. Regional tourism profile In 2013-14, visitors to Gold Coast contributed a total of $6.3 billion in tourism consumption to the Gold Coast economy. The majority of visitor consumption in the region was contributed by domestic overnight visitors ($4.2 billion). In relative terms, domestic overnight visitors to Gold Coast spend the most per night ($293) on average. Source: Regional TSA model. Table 4.10: Tourism activity summary Gold Coast Visitor segment Nights ( 000) Nights (%) Consumption ($ million) Consumption (%) $ per night Day-trippers 6,710 23 798 13 119 Domestic overnight 14,256 48 4,174 66 293 International 8,599 29 1,356 21 158 Source: Tourism Research Australia Visitor Surveys and Deloitte Access Economics Regional TSA model. 44

Regional Tourism Satellite Account Mackay 2013-14 In 2013-14, the tourism industry contributed an estimated $666 million to the Mackay regional economy (3.7% of gross regional product) and directly employed approximately 2,200 people (2.6% of regional employment). Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSA) evaluates the tourism industry activity and performance within a national accounting framework. The regional TSA measures both the direct and indirect impacts of tourism on the economy and includes metrics such as Gross Value Added (GVA), Gross Regional Product (GRP) and employment. It also provides information about tourism consumption, output, taxation and the composition of the tourism industry and its interaction with other industries. This Mackay regional profile ranks the economic contribution of tourism to the region both in absolute level terms and as a contribution to the regional economy. These measures are directly comparable to State, National, and indeed, international Tourism Satellite Accounts. Key aggregates In 2013-14, the tourism activity in Mackay generated: Tourism output $0.4 billion and $1.0 billion in direct and indirect tourism output, and $1.4 billion in total tourism output. Gross Value Added (GVA) $0.2 billion and $0.4 billion in direct and indirect tourism GVA, and $0.6 billion in total tourism GVA. Gross Regional Product (GRP) $0.2 billion and $0.5 billion in direct and indirect tourism GRP and $0.7 billion in total tourism GRP; and Employment 2,200 jobs for people employed directly by the tourism industry, 3,800 indirect jobs and a total employment impact of 6,000 people. Economic importance of tourism in the region The ratio of Mackay s direct tourism contribution to the total regional economy aggregates provides a point of reference snapshot for the importance of tourism to the region. In 2013-14, it is estimated that tourism directly represented 1.2% of the total Mackay economy (in GRP terms), compared to 4.9% for regional Queensland. Due to the region s large and diverse economy, Mackay is relatively less reliant on the tourism industry than regional Queensland. Mackay ranked 9 th in overall industry size; supplying 2.0% of the state-wide contribution of tourism. Chart 4.16: Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Mackay, 2013-14 Table 4.11: Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Mackay Visitor segment Consumption Output GVA GRP Employed ( 000) Day-trippers 176 47 24 28 Domestic overnight 350 248 127 136 International 42 70 38 43 Direct 568 365 189 207 2.2 Indirect 952 395 458 3.8 Total impact 1,318 583 666 6.0 Total economy 16,770 17,894 85.2 Source: Regional TSA model. 45

Research factsheet - Value of tourism to Mackay Tourism related industry profile At the industry level, the tourism products that contributed the most to tourism consumption in Mackay in 2013-14 were: (1) $90m on takeaway and restaurant meals; (2) $84m on shopping; and (3) $74mn on long distance transport. In terms of overall economic contribution, the tourism industries that generated the highest economic benefit to Mackay in 2013-14 were: accommodation with $63 million in direct GVA and $69 million in direct GRP; The tourism related industries that contributed most to regional tourism employment in Mackay in 2013-14 were: accommodation (320 full time and 200 part time employed persons); cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services (180 full time and 300 part time employed persons); and retail trade (220 full time and 200 part time employed persons). Chart 4.18: Direct tourism employed persons, Mackay, 2013-14 other retail trade with $24 million in direct GVA and $26 million in direct GRP; and cafes, restaurant and takeaway food services with $18 million in direct GVA and $20 million in direct GRP. Tourism employment The TSAs define tourism employment as the number of tourism employed persons. In 2013-14 there were 2,190 persons (made up of 1,220 full-time and 970 part-time) directly employed in tourism in Mackay. Chart 4.17: Contribution of tourism to employment, Mackay, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. Regional tourism profile In 2013-14, visitors to Mackay contributed a total of $568 million in tourism consumption to the Mackay economy. The majority of visitor consumption in the region was contributed by domestic overnight visitors ($350 million). In relative terms, domestic overnight visitors to Mackay spend the most per night ($125) on average. Source: Regional TSA model. Visitor segment Table 4.12: Tourism activity summary Mackay Nights ( 000) Nights (%) Consumption ($ million) Consumption (%) $ per night Day-trippers 853 20 176 31 207 Domestic overnight 2791 64 350 62 125 International 716 16 42 7 58 Source: Tourism Research Australia Visitor Surveys and Deloitte Access Economics Regional TSA model. 46

Regional Tourism Satellite Account Outback 2013-14 In 2013-14, the tourism industry contributed an estimated $516 million to the Outback regional economy (8.0% of gross regional product) and directly employed approximately 1,000 people (3.0% of regional employment). Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSA) evaluates the tourism industry activity and performance within a national accounting framework. The regional TSA measures both the direct and indirect impacts of tourism on the economy and includes metrics such as Gross Value Added (GVA), Gross Regional Product (GRP) and employment. It also provides information about tourism consumption, output, taxation and the composition of the tourism industry and its interaction with other industries. This Outback regional profile ranks the economic contribution of tourism to the region both in absolute level terms and as a contribution to the regional economy. These measures are directly comparable to State, National, and indeed, international Tourism Satellite Accounts. Key aggregates In 2013-14, the tourism activity in Outback generated: Tourism output $0.2 billion and $0.9 billion in direct and indirect tourism output, and $1.1 billion in total tourism output. Gross Value Added (GVA) $0.1 billion and $0.4 billion in direct and indirect tourism GVA, and $0.5 billion in total tourism GVA. Gross Regional Product (GRP) $0.1 billion and $0.4 billion in direct and indirect tourism GRP and $0.5 billion in total tourism GRP; and Employment 1,000 jobs for people employed directly by the tourism industry, 3,400 indirect jobs and a total employment impact of 4,400 people. Economic importance of tourism in the region The ratio of Outback s direct tourism contribution to the total regional economy aggregates provides a point of reference snapshot for the importance of tourism to the region. In 2013-14, it is estimated that tourism directly represented 1.6% of the total Outback economy (in GRP terms), compared to 4.9% for regional Queensland. Outback is relatively less reliant on the tourism industry than regional Queensland; rather it acts as a supply region for indirect inputs to tourism activity elsewhere in the State. In level terms, the total value of tourism in Outback is 0.9% of the state-wide contribution of tourism. Chart 4.19: Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Outback, 2013-14 Table 4.13: Key tourism aggregates ($ million) - Outback Visitor segment Consumption Output GVA GRP Employed ( 000) Day-trippers 26 11 6 7 Domestic overnight 274 138 70 75 International 23 35 19 21 Direct 322 184 96 104 1.0 Indirect 853 356 412 3.4 Total impact 1,037 452 516 4.4 Source: Regional TSA model. Total economy 6,086 6,494 31.9 47

Research factsheet - Value of tourism to Outback Tourism related industry profile At the industry level, the tourism products that contributed the most to tourism consumption in Outback in 2013-14 were: (1) $54m on long distance transport; (2) $53m on takeaway and restaurant meals; and (3) $42m on accommodation services. In terms of overall economic contribution, the tourism industries that generated the highest economic benefit to Outback in 2013-14 were: accommodation with $35 million in direct GVA and $39 million in direct GRP; Air, water and other transport with $8 million in direct GVA and $9 million in direct GRP; and travel agency and tour operator services with $8 million in direct GVA and $9 million in direct GRP. The tourism related industries that contributed most to regional tourism employment in Outback in 2013-14 were: accommodation (150 full time and 100 part time employed persons); cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services (80 full time and 70 part time employed persons); and retail trade (80 full time and 50 part time employed persons). Chart 4.21: Direct tourism employed persons, Outback, 2013-14 Tourism employment The TSAs define tourism employment as the number of tourism employed persons. In 2013-14 there were 960 persons (made up of 630 full-time and 330 part-time) directly employed in tourism in Outback. Chart 4.20: Contribution of tourism to employment, Outback, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. Regional tourism profile In 2013-14, visitors to Outback contributed a total of $322 million in tourism consumption to the Outback economy. The majority of visitor consumption in the region was contributed by domestic overnight visitors ($274 million). In relative terms, domestic overnight visitors to Outback spend the most per night ($139) on average. Table 4.14: Tourism activity summary - Outback Source: Regional TSA model. Visitor segment Nights ( 000) Nights (%) Consumption ($ million) Consumption (%) $ per night Day-trippers 180 7 26 8 142 Domestic overnight 1,966 77 274 85 139 International 393 15 23 7 58 Source: Tourism Research Australia Visitor Surveys and Deloitte Access Economics Regional TSA model. 48

Regional Tourism Satellite Account Southern Great Barrier Reef 2013-14 In 2013-14, the tourism industry contributed an estimated $1.6 billion to the Southern Great Barrier Reef regional economy (6.6% of gross regional product) and directly employed approximately 6,700 people (4.2% of regional employment). Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSA) evaluates the tourism industry activity and performance within a national accounting framework. The regional TSA measures both the direct and indirect impacts of tourism on the economy and includes metrics such as Gross Value Added (GVA), Gross Regional Product (GRP) and employment. It also provides information about tourism consumption, output, taxation and the composition of the tourism industry and its interaction with other industries. This Southern Great Barrier Reef regional profile ranks the economic contribution of tourism to the region both in absolute level terms and as a contribution to the regional economy. These measures are directly comparable to State, National, and indeed, international Tourism Satellite Accounts. Key aggregates In 2013-14, the tourism activity in Southern Great Barrier Reef generated: Tourism output $0.9 billion and $2.3 billion in direct and indirect tourism output, and $3.2 billion in total tourism output. Gross Value Added (GVA) $0.5 billion and $0.9 billion in direct and indirect tourism GVA, and $1.4 billion in total tourism GVA. Gross Regional Product (GRP) $0.5 billion and $1.1 billion in direct and indirect tourism GRP and $1.6 billion in total tourism GRP; and Employment 6,700 jobs for people employed directly by the tourism industry, 9,000 indirect jobs and a total employment impact of 15,700 people. Economic importance of tourism in the region The ratio of the Southern Great Barrier Reef s direct tourism contribution to the total regional economy aggregates provides a point of reference snapshot for the importance of tourism to the region. In 2013-14, it is estimated that tourism directly represented 2.1% of the total Southern Great Barrier Reef economy (in GRP terms), compared to 4.9% for regional Queensland. Chart 4.22: Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Southern Great Barrier Reef, 2013-14 Table 4.15: Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Southern Great Barrier Reef Visitor segment Consumption Output GVA GRP Employed ( 000) Day-trippers 417 123 62 71 Domestic overnight 1,194 626 318 339 International 128 154 87 99 Direct 1,739 904 467 510 6.7 Indirect 2,253 931 1,079 9.0 Total impact 3,157 1,398 1,589 15.7 Total economy 22,404 23,905 160.5 Source: Regional TSA model. 49

Research factsheet Value of tourism to Southern Great Barrier Reef Tourism related industry profile At the industry level, the tourism products that contributed the most to tourism consumption in Southern Great Barrier Reef in 2013-14 were: (1) $278m on takeaway and restaurant meals; (2) $244m on long distance transportation; and (3) $235m on shopping. In terms of overall economic contribution, the tourism industries that generated the highest economic benefit to Southern Great Barrier Reef in 2013-14 were: accommodation with $125 million in direct GVA and $138 million in direct GRP; other retail trade with $77 million in direct GVA and $83 million in direct GRP; and cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services with $56 million in direct GVA and $62 million in direct GRP. cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services (580 full time and 1,090 part time employed persons); retail trade (750 full time and 730 part time employed persons); and accommodation (610 full time and 570 part time employed persons). Chart 4.24: Direct tourism employed persons, Southern Great Barrier Reef, 2013-14 Tourism employment The TSAs define tourism employment as the number of tourism employed persons.. In 2013-14 there were 6,690 persons (made up of 3,480 full-time and 3,210 part-time) directly employed in tourism in the Southern Great Barrier Reef. Chart 4.23: Contribution of tourism to employment, Southern Great Barrier Reef, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. Regional tourism profile In 2013-14, visitors to Southern Great Barrier Reef contributed a total of $1.7 billion in tourism consumption to the Southern Great Barrier Reef economy. The majority of visitor consumption in the region was contributed by domestic overnight visitors ($1.2 billion). In relative terms, domestic overnight visitors to Southern Great Barrier Reef spend the most per night ($183) on average. Table 4.16: Tourism activity summary Southern Great Barrier Reef Source: Regional TSA model. The tourism related industries that contributed most to regional tourism employment in Southern Great Barrier Reef in 2013-14 were: Visitor segment Nights ( 000) Nights (%) Consumption ($ million) Consumption (%) $ per night Day-trippers 2,725 24 417 24 153 Domestic overnight 6,523 56 1,194 69 183 International 2,334 20 128 7 55 Source: Tourism Research Australia Visitor Surveys and Deloitte Access Economics Regional TSA model. 50

Regional Tourism Satellite Account Darling Downs (SQC) 2013-14 In 2013-14, the tourism industry contributed an estimated $1.2 billion to the Darling Downs (SQC) regional economy (6.8% of gross regional product) and directly employed approximately 6,900 people (4.7% of regional employment). Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSA) evaluates the tourism industry activity and performance within a national accounting framework. The regional TSA measures both the direct and indirect impacts of tourism on the economy and includes metrics such as Gross Value Added (GVA), Gross Regional Product (GRP) and employment. It also provides information about tourism consumption, output, taxation and the composition of the tourism industry and its interaction with other industries. This Darling Downs (SQC) regional profile ranks the economic contribution of tourism to the region both in absolute level terms and as a contribution to the regional economy. These measures are directly comparable to State, National, and indeed, international Tourism Satellite Accounts. Key aggregates In 2013-14, the tourism activity in Darling Downs (SQC) generated: Tourism output $0.8 billion and $1.5 billion in direct and indirect tourism output, and $2.3 billion in total tourism output. Gross Value Added (GVA) $0.4 billion and $0.6 billion in direct and indirect tourism GVA, and $1.0 billion in total tourism GVA. Gross Regional Product (GRP) $0.4 billion and $0.7 billion in direct and indirect tourism GRP and $1.2 billion in total tourism GRP; and Employment 6,900 jobs for people employed directly by the tourism industry, 6,100 indirect jobs and a total employment impact of 13,000 people. Economic importance of tourism in the region The ratio of Darling Downs (SQC) s direct tourism contribution to the total regional economy aggregates provides a point of reference snapshot for the importance of tourism to the region. In 2013-14, it is estimated that tourism directly represented 2.6% of the total Darling Downs (SQC) economy (in GRP terms), compared to 4.9% for regional Queensland. Due to the region s large and diverse economy, Darling Downs (SQC) is relatively less reliant on the tourism industry than regional Queensland. In level terms, the total value of tourism is 4% of the state-wide contribution of tourism. Chart 4.25: Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Darling Downs (SQC), 2013-14 Table 4.17: Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Darling Downs (SQC) Visitor segment Consumption Output GVA GRP Employed ( 000) Day-trippers 421 143 73 83 Domestic overnight 1,033 530 266 283 International 96 120 71 80 Direct 1,550 793 409 446 6.9 Indirect 1,529 637 738 6.1 Total impact 2,322 1,046 1,184 13.0 Total economy 16,316 17,410 146.7 Source: Regional TSA model. 51

Research factsheet Value of tourism to Darling Downs (SQC) Tourism related industry profile At the industry level, the tourism products that contributed the most to tourism consumption in Darling Downs (SQC) in 2013-14 were: (1) $248m on takeaway and restaurant meals; (2) $217m on shopping; and (3) $208m on long distance transport. retail trade (830 full time and 740 part time employed persons); and accommodation (400 full time and 440 part time employed persons). Chart 4.27: Direct tourism employed persons, Darling Downs (SQC), 2013-14 In terms of overall economic contribution, the tourism industries that generated the highest economic benefit to Darling Downs (SQC) in 2013-14 were: Other retail trade with $86 million in direct GVA and $92 million in direct GRP; accommodation with $83 million in direct GVA and $91 million in direct GRP; and cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services with $59 million in direct GVA and $65 million in direct GRP. Tourism employment The TSAs define tourism employment as the number of tourism employed persons. In 2013-14 there were 6,900 persons (made up of 3,500 full-time and 3,400 part-time) directly employed in tourism in Darling Downs (SQC). Chart 4.26: Contribution of tourism to employment, Darling Downs (SQC), 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. Regional tourism profile In 2013-14, visitors to Darling Downs (SQC) contributed a total of $1.6 billion in tourism consumption to the Darling Downs (SQC) economy. The majority of visitor consumption in the region was contributed by domestic overnight visitors ($1.0 billion). In relative terms, domestic overnight visitors to Darling Downs (SQC) spend the most per night ($177) on average. Table 4.18: Tourism activity summary Darling Downs (SQC) Visitor segment Nights ( 000) Nights (%) Consumption ($ million) Consumption (%) $ per night Day-trippers 2,805 27 421 27 150 Source: Regional TSA model. The tourism related industries that contributed most to regional tourism employment in Darling Downs (SQC) in 2013-14 were: cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services (620 full time and 1,300 part time employed persons); Domestic overnight 5,848 57 1,033 67 177 International 1,612 16 96 6 60 Source: Tourism Research Australia Visitor Surveys and Deloitte Access Economics Regional TSA model. 52

Regional Tourism Satellite Account Sunshine Coast 2013-14 In 2013-14, the tourism industry contributed an estimated $2.4 billion to the Sunshine Coast regional economy (15.2% of gross regional product) and directly employed approximately 15,700 people (10.1% of regional employment). Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSA) evaluates the tourism industry activity and performance within a national accounting framework. The regional TSA measures both the direct and indirect impacts of tourism on the economy and includes metrics such as Gross Value Added (GVA), Gross Regional Product (GRP) and employment. It also provides information about tourism consumption, output, taxation and the composition of the tourism industry and its interaction with other industries. This Sunshine Coast regional profile ranks the economic contribution of tourism to the region both in absolute level terms and as a contribution to the regional economy. These measures are directly comparable to State, National, and indeed, international Tourism Satellite Accounts. Key aggregates In 2013-14, the tourism activity in Sunshine Coast generated: Tourism output $2.0 billion and $2.7 billion in direct and indirect tourism output, and $4.7 billion in total tourism output. Gross Value Added (GVA) $1.0 billion and $1.1 billion in direct and indirect tourism GVA, and $2.1 billion in total tourism GVA. Gross Regional Product (GRP) $1.1 billion and $1.3 billion in direct and indirect tourism GRP and $2.4 billion in total tourism GRP; and Employment 15,700 jobs for people employed directly by the tourism industry, 10,800 indirect jobs and a total employment impact of 26,500 people. Economic importance of tourism in the region The ratio of Sunshine Coast s direct tourism contribution to the total regional economy aggregates provides a point of reference snapshot for the importance of tourism to the region. In 2013-14, it is estimated that tourism directly represented 7.0% of the total Sunshine Coast economy (in GRP terms), compared to 4.9% for regional Queensland. Sunshine Coast ranked 4 th overall in the comparative importance of tourism across Queensland s regions. Sunshine Coast also ranked 4 th in overall industry size; supplying 9.8% of the state-wide contribution of tourism. Chart 4.28: Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Sunshine Coast, 2013-14 Table 4.19: Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Sunshine Coast Visitor segment Consumption Output GVA GRP Employed ( 000) Day-trippers 603 241 117 132 Domestic overnight 2,455 1,450 724 775 International 325 284 153 178 Direct 3,383 1,975 994 1,084 15.7 Indirect 2,680 1,109 1,284 10.8 Total impact 4,655 2,103 2,368 26.5 Total economy 14,585 15,563 155.6 Source: Regional TSA model. 53

Research factsheet - Value of tourism to Sunshine Coast Tourism related industry profile At the industry level, the tourism products that contributed the most to tourism consumption in Sunshine Coast in 2013-14 were: (1) $544m on takeaway and restaurant meals; (2) $518m on long distance transport; and (3) $428m on shopping. In terms of overall economic contribution, the tourism industries that generated the highest economic benefit to Sunshine Coast in 2013-14 were: accommodation with $223 million in direct GVA and $245 million in direct GRP; The tourism related industries that contributed most to regional tourism employment in Sunshine Coast in 2013-14 were: cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services (1,630 full time and 3,070 part time employed persons); retail trade (1,470 full time and 1,570 part time employed persons); and accommodation (1,130 full time and 950 part time employed persons). Chart 4.30: Direct tourism employed persons, Sunshine Coast, 2013-14 cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services with $158 million in direct GVA and $174 million in direct GRP; and other retail trade with $162 million in direct GVA and $173 million in direct GRP. Tourism employment The TSAs define tourism employment as the number of tourism employed persons. In 2013-14 there were 15,720 persons (made up of 7,610 full-time and 8,110 part-time) directly employed in tourism in Sunshine Coast. Chart 4.29: Contribution of tourism to employment, Sunshine Coast, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. Regional tourism profile In 2013-14, visitors to Sunshine Coast contributed a total of $3.4 billion in tourism consumption to the Sunshine Coast economy. The majority of visitor consumption in the region was contributed by domestic overnight visitors ($2.5 billion). In relative terms, domestic overnight visitors to Sunshine Coast spend the most per night ($234) on average. Source: Regional TSA model. Table 4.20: Tourism activity summary Sunshine Coast Visitor segment Nights ( 000) Nights (%) Consumption ($ million) Consumption (%) $ per night Day-trippers 5,325 29 603 18 113 Domestic overnight 10,508 57 2,455 73 234 International 2,708 15 325 10 120 Source: Tourism Research Australia Visitor Surveys and Deloitte Access Economics Regional TSA model. 54

Regional Tourism Satellite Account Northern (Townsville) 2013-14 In 2013-14, the tourism industry contributed an estimated $867 million to the Northern (Townsville) regional economy (6.3% of gross regional product) and directly employed approximately 4,700 people (4.0% of regional employment). Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSA) evaluates the tourism industry activity and performance within a national accounting framework. The regional TSA measures both the direct and indirect impacts of tourism on the economy and includes metrics such as Gross Value Added (GVA), Gross Regional Product (GRP) and employment. It also provides information about tourism consumption, output, taxation and the composition of the tourism industry and its interaction with other industries. This Northern (Townsville) regional profile ranks the economic contribution of tourism to the region both in absolute level terms and as a contribution to the regional economy. These measures are directly comparable to State, National, and indeed, international Tourism Satellite Accounts. Key aggregates In 2013-14, the tourism activity in Northern (Townsville) generated: Tourism output $0.6 billion and $1.1 billion in direct and indirect tourism output, and $1.7 billion in total tourism output. Gross Value Added (GVA) $0.3 billion and $0.4 billion in direct and indirect tourism GVA, and $0.7 billion in total tourism GVA. Gross Regional Product (GRP) $0.3 billion and $0.5 billion in direct and indirect tourism GRP and $0.8 billion in total tourism GRP; and Employment 4,700 jobs for people employed directly by the tourism industry, 4,300 indirect jobs and a total employment impact of 9,000 people. Economic importance of tourism in the region The ratio of Northern (Townsville) s direct tourism contribution to the total regional economy aggregates provides a point of reference snapshot for the importance of tourism to the region. In 2013-14, it is estimated that tourism directly represented 2.5% of the total Northern (Townsville) economy (in GRP terms), compared to 4.9% for regional Queensland. Northern (Townsville) ranked 8 th overall in the comparative importance of tourism across Queensland s regions and 7 th in overall industry size; supplying 3.1% of the state-wide contribution of tourism. Chart 4.31: Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Northern (Townsville), 2013-14 Table 4.21: Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Northern (Townsville) Visitor segment Consumption Output GVA GRP Employed ( 000) Day-trippers 185 72 36 41 Domestic overnight 783 442 221 237 International 120 115 64 72 Direct 1,087 629 321 350 4.7 Indirect 1,091 447 517 4.3 Total impact 1,719 768 867 9.0 Total economy 12,961 13,830 116.2 Source: Regional TSA model. 55

Research factsheet Value of tourism to Northern (Townsville) Tourism related industry profile At the industry level, the tourism products that contributed the most to tourism consumption in Northern (Townsville) in 2013-14 were: (1) $172m on takeaway and restaurant meals; (2) $168m on long distance transport; and (3) $133m on shopping. retail trade (450 full time and 450 part time employed persons); and accommodation (300 full time and 250 part time employed persons). Chart 4.33: Direct tourism employed persons, Northern (Townsville), 2013-14 In terms of overall economic contribution, the tourism industries that generated the highest economic benefit to Northern (Townsville) in 2013-14 were: accommodation with $55 million in direct GVA and $60 million in direct GRP; other retail trade with $50 million in direct GVA and $53 million in direct GRP; and cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services with $42 million in direct GVA and $46 million in direct GRP. Tourism employment The TSAs define tourism employment as the number of tourism employed persons. In 2013-14 there were 4,700 persons (made up of 2,460 full-time and 2,230 part-time) directly employed in tourism in Northern (Townsville). Chart 4.32: Contribution of tourism to employment, Northern (Townsville), 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. Regional tourism profile In 2013-14, visitors to Northern (Townsville) contributed a total of $1.1 billion in tourism consumption to the Northern (Townsville) economy. The majority of visitor consumption in the region was contributed by domestic overnight visitors ($0.8 billion). In relative terms, domestic overnight visitors to Northern (Townsville) spend the most per night ($197) on average. Table 4.22: Tourism activity summary Northern (Townsville) Visitor segment Nights ( 000) Nights (%) Consumption ($ million) Consumption (%) $ per night Day-trippers 1,127 18 185 17 164 Source: Regional TSA model. The tourism related industries that contributed most to regional tourism employment in Northern (Townsville) in 2013-14 were: cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services (440 full time and 880 part time employed persons); Domestic overnight 3,969 63 783 72 197 International 1,217 19 120 11 98 Source: Tourism Research Australia Visitor Surveys and Deloitte Access Economics Regional TSA model. 56

Regional Tourism Satellite Account Tropical North Queensland 2013-14 In 2013-14, the tourism industry contributed an estimated $2.4 billion to the Tropical North Queensland regional economy (16.5% of gross regional product) and directly employed approximately 14,600 people (11.2% of regional employment). Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSA) evaluates the tourism industry activity and performance within a national accounting framework. The regional TSA measures both the direct and indirect impacts of tourism on the economy and includes metrics such as Gross Value Added (GVA), Gross Regional Product (GRP) and employment. It also provides information about tourism consumption, output, taxation and the composition of the tourism industry and its interaction with other industries. This Tropical North Queensland regional profile ranks the economic contribution of tourism to the region both in absolute level terms and as a contribution to the regional economy. These measures are directly comparable to State, National, and indeed, international Tourism Satellite Accounts. Key aggregates In 2013-14, the tourism activity in Tropical North Queensland generated: Tourism output $2.5 billion and $2.2 billion in direct and indirect tourism output, and $4.7 billion in total tourism output. Gross Value Added (GVA) $1.2 billion and $0.9 billion in direct and indirect tourism GVA, and $2.1 billion in total tourism GVA. Gross Regional Product (GRP) $1.3 billion and $1.1 billion in direct and indirect tourism GRP and $2.4 billion in total tourism GRP; and Employment 14,600 jobs for people employed directly by the tourism industry, 9,000 indirect jobs and a total employment impact of 23,500 people. Economic importance of tourism in the region The ratio of Tropical North Queensland s direct tourism contribution to the total regional economy aggregates provides a point of reference snapshot for the importance of tourism to the region. In 2013-14, it is estimated that tourism directly represented 9.1% of the total Tropical North Queensland economy (in GRP terms), compared to 4.9% for regional Queensland. Due to the region s reputation as a tourism hotspot, Tropical North Queensland ranked 2 nd overall in the comparative importance of tourism across Queensland s regions, and 3 rd in overall industry size; supplying 12.5% of the state-wide contribution of tourism. Chart 4.34: Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Tropical North Queensland, 2013-14 Table 4.23: Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Tropical North Queensland Visitor segment Consumption Output GVA GRP Employed ( 000) Day-trippers 242 131 62 68 Domestic overnight 2,089 1,596 754 817 International 1,336 783 378 424 Direct 3,667 2,510 1,194 1,310 14.6 Indirect 2,237 921 1,066 9.0 Total impact 4,747 2,115 2,376 23.5 Total economy 13,470 14,373 130.3 Source: Regional TSA model. 57

Research factsheet Value of tourism to Tropical North Queensland Tourism related industry profile At the industry level, the tourism products that contributed the most to tourism consumption in Tropical North Queensland in 2013-14 were: (1) $714m on long distance transport; (2) $539m on takeaway and restaurant meals; and (3) $490m on accommodation services. In terms of overall economic contribution, the tourism industries that generated the highest economic benefit to Tropical North Queensland in 2013-14 were: accommodation with $303 million in direct GVA and $335 million in direct GRP; air, water and other transport with $287 million in direct GVA and $311 million in direct GRP; and other retail trade with $123 million in direct GVA and $135 million in direct GRP. Tourism employment cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services (1,300 full time and 1,590 part time employed persons); accommodation (1,620 full time and 870 part time employed persons); and retail trade (1,110 full time and 1,010 part time employed persons). Chart 4.36: Direct tourism employed persons, Tropical North Queensland, 2013-14 The TSAs define tourism employment as the number of tourism employed persons. In 2013-14 there were 14,570 persons (made up of 8,750 full-time and 5,810 part-time) directly employed in tourism in Tropical North Queensland. Chart 4.35: Contribution of tourism to employment, Tropical North Queensland, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. Regional tourism profile In 2013-14, visitors to Tropical North Queensland contributed a total of $3.7 billion in tourism consumption to the Tropical North Queensland economy. The majority of visitor consumption in the region was contributed by domestic overnight visitors ($2.1 billion). In relative terms, domestic overnight visitors to Tropical North Queensland spend the most per night ($239) on average. Table 4.24: Tourism activity summary Tropical North Queensland Visitor segment Nights ( 000) Nights (%) Consumption ($ million) Consumption (%) $ per night Source: Regional TSA model. The tourism related industries that contributed most to regional tourism employment in Tropical North Queensland in 2013-14 were: Day-trippers 1,985 12 242 7 122 Domestic overnight 8,739 52 2,089 57 239 International 6,232 37 1,336 36 214 Source: Tourism Research Australia Visitor Surveys and Deloitte Access Economics Regional TSA model. 58

Regional Tourism Satellite Account Whitsundays 2013-14 In 2013-14, the tourism industry contributed an estimated $809 million to the Whitsundays regional economy (33.3% of gross regional product) and directly employed approximately 3,000 people (16.9% of regional employment). Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSA) evaluates the tourism industry activity and performance within a national accounting framework. The regional TSA measures both the direct and indirect impacts of tourism on the economy and includes metrics such as Gross Value Added (GVA), Gross Regional Product (GRP) and employment. It also provides information about tourism consumption, output, taxation and the composition of the tourism industry and its interaction with other industries. This Whitsundays regional profile ranks the economic contribution of tourism to the region both in absolute level terms and as a contribution to the regional economy. These measures are directly comparable to State, National, and indeed, international Tourism Satellite Accounts. Key aggregates In 2013-14, the tourism activity in Whitsundays generated: Tourism output $0.6 billion and $1.0 billion in direct and indirect tourism output, and $1.6 billion in total tourism output. Gross Value Added (GVA) $0.3 billion and $0.4 billion in direct and indirect tourism GVA, and $0.7 billion in total tourism GVA. Gross Regional Product (GRP) $0.3 billion and $0.5 billion in direct and indirect tourism GRP and $0.8 billion in total tourism GRP; and Employment 3,000 jobs for people employed directly by the tourism industry, 4,100 indirect jobs and a total employment impact of 7,100 people. Economic importance of tourism in the region The ratio of Whitsundays direct tourism contribution to the total regional economy aggregates provides a point of reference snapshot for the importance of tourism to the region. In 2013-14, it is estimated that tourism directly represented 13.0% of the total Whitsundays economy (in GRP terms), compared to 4.9% for regional Queensland. Due to the region s reputation as a tourism hotspot, Whitsundays ranked 1 st overall in the comparative importance of tourism across Queensland s regions. However, due to the region s relatively small economy, Whitsundays ranked 8 th in overall industry size; supplying just 3.0% of the state-wide contribution of tourism. Chart 4.37: Tourism s contribution to the regional economy, Whitsundays, 2013-14 Table 4.25: Key tourism aggregates ($ million) Whitsundays Visitor segment Consumption Output GVA GRP Employed ( 000) Day-trippers 49 21 10 11 Domestic overnight 624 433 210 227 International 205 141 69 78 Direct 878 595 289 316 3.0 Indirect 1,017 424 492 4.1 Total impact 1,612 713 809 7.1 Total economy 2,277 2,430 17.8 Source: Regional TSA model. 59

Research factsheet - Value of tourism to Whitsundays Tourism related industry profile At the industry level, the tourism products that contributed the most to tourism consumption in Whitsundays in 2013-14 were: (1) $162m on long distance transport; (2) $138m on takeaway and restaurant meals; and (3) $120m on accommodation services. In terms of overall economic contribution, the tourism industries that generated the highest economic benefit to Whitsundays in 2013-14 were: accommodation with $105 million in direct GVA and $116 million in direct GRP; air, water and other transport with $55 million in direct GVA and $60 million in direct GRP; and The tourism related industries that contributed most to regional tourism employment in Whitsundays in 2013-14 were: accommodation (570 full time and 160 part time employed persons); cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services (310 full time and 290 part time employed persons); and retail trade (240 full time and 190 part time employed persons). Chart 4.39: Direct tourism employed persons, Whitsundays, 2013-14 café, restaurants and takeaway food services with $28 million in direct GVA and $31 million in direct GRP. Tourism employment The TSAs define tourism employment as the number of tourism employed persons. In 2013-14 there were 3,010 persons (made up of 2,020 full-time and 990 part-time) directly employed in tourism in Whitsundays. Chart 4.38: Contribution of tourism to employment, Whitsundays, 2013-14 Source: Regional TSA model. Regional tourism profile In 2013-14, visitors to Whitsundays contributed a total of $0.9 billion in tourism consumption to the Whitsundays economy. The majority of visitor consumption in the region was contributed by domestic overnight visitors ($0.6 billion). In relative terms, domestic overnight visitors to Whitsundays spend the most per night ($305) on average. Table 4.26: Tourism activity summary - Whitsundays Source: Regional TSA model. Visitor segment Nights ( 000) Nights (%) Consumption ($ million) Consumption (%) $ per night Day-trippers 353 9 49 6 138 Domestic overnight 2049 55 624 71 305 International 1354 36 205 23 151 Source: Tourism Research Australia Visitor Surveys and Deloitte Access Economics Regional TSA model. 60

Research factsheet - Notes Methodology Tourism and Events Queensland has worked with to produce consistent and comparable regional Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) estimates of the value of tourism to Queensland s regions. Tourism Satellite Accounts are used to estimate the contribution of tourism to a region by combining the contributions of the various goods and services that make up the industry. The regional, state and national estimates are based on an internationally recognised and standardised framework (although regional TSA methodology has been extended to determine the indirect impact of cross region trade flows). There are a number of steps required to calculate the tourism industry s contribution to Whitsundays economy. To start, a regional tourism consumption bundle is derived from TRA visitor survey data and adjusted to remove any price effects that are not directly attributed to the seller of the good or service (e.g. taxes, transport margins, pre-manufactured inputs etc.). The direct and indirect contributions of tourism are estimated by using regional input-output multiplier tables, derived from ABS data. For consistency and assurance, the regional results are calibrated against the reported 2013-14 state TSA data. Tourism Standard Reporting For consistency in reporting, when referring to the overall size or contribution of the tourism industry in a region, the appropriate measure is GRP. GVA should be used when comparing the tourism industry against another industry within the same region. Glossary Direct contribution of tourism: The contribution generated by transactions between the visitor and producer for a good or service that involves a direct physical or economic relationship. Indirect contribution of tourism: The subsequent flowon effects created by the requirement for inputs from those industries supplying goods and services to visitors. For example, in the case of the hotel industry this might include the fresh produce supplied to a hotel and the electricity used. Input-output table: An input-output table is a means of presenting a detailed analysis of the process of production and the associated use of goods and services and income generated. National input-output tables are produced annually by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Tourism gross regional product: Tourism GRP is tourism GVA plus net taxes on products that are attributable to the tourism industry. As such direct tourism GRP will generally have a higher value than direct tourism GVA. Direct tourism GRP is a satellite account construct to enable a direct comparison with the most widely recognised national accounting aggregate, gross domestic (or regional) product. Tourism gross value added: Considered the most accurate measure of the contribution of the industry to the economy. It includes the total labour income and capital revenue received by the industry and the net taxes that government received from the production. This measure is directly comparable with the value added of conventional industries such as mining and manufacturing and can also be used for comparisons across countries. Tourism output: The total value of goods and services produced in Australia to satisfy visitor consumption. It is measured in basic prices, so it excludes net taxes on tourism products. 61

Appendix A: Explanatory Notes Tourism Satellite Account Framework The Australian Bureau of Statistics supply and use tables for the Australian economy provide the foundation for which data of visitor expenditure (demand) and industry output (supply) are integrated and made consistent with national accounts through benchmarking. The derived regional multipliers provide the means by which direct tourism gross value added, GRP and employment can be calculated. These regional input-output tables provide a robust tool for further analysis and economic modelling of the sub-regional impact of tourism. Direct contribution of tourism A direct impact occurs where there is a direct relationship, both physical and economic, between the visitor and the producer of the good or service. Direct tourism output is essentially tourism consumption at basic prices less the intermediate costs to retailers of domestic goods sold directly to visitors (including wholesale and transport margins for domestic supply). In the case of retail goods purchased by visitors, only the retail margin contributes to direct tourism output, value added and Gross Regional Product. This is because it is deemed that only the retailer has a direct relationship with the visitor and is therefore part of the tourism industry. As a consequence the output, and consequently value added, attributed to other (than retail) industries is excluded from the value of direct tourism output. Direct tourism output is therefore equal to internal tourism consumption at basic prices less the cost to retailers of domestic goods sold directly to visitors. The implication of this treatment is that only the value added generated from retail trade activities provided to visitors will be considered as a direct effect. All other trade flows will form part of the net indirect impacts for each region. Regional tourism activity data from the TRA International Visitor Survey (IVS) and National Visitor Survey (NVS) is used to derive itemised tourism consumption, or demand, in each region. DAE s regional IO database (derived from the ABS national 2006-07 IO tables and data from the Census of Population and Housing) provides the cost structure and all required information to derive the supply side of the tourism sector in the regional TSAs. The aggregate regional supply and demand elements are then calibrated to the state TSA data, such that the summing conditions between regions and State are satisfied. Direct tourism gross value added and direct tourism GRP are the major economic aggregates derived in the regional TSA. Direct tourism gross value added shows only the 'value' which a producer adds to the raw material goods and services it purchases in the process of producing its own output. Direct tourism gross value added is measured as the value of the output of tourism products by industries in a direct relationship with visitors less the value of the inputs used in producing these tourism products. Direct tourism GRP, on the other hand, measures the value added of the tourism industry at purchasers' (market) prices. It therefore includes taxes paid less subsidies associated with the 62

productive activity attributable to tourism. While direct tourism GRP is useful for comparison against the national accounts, it is not comparable across industries or between countries (due to the inclusion of taxes). Indirect contribution of tourism The indirect effect of tourism consumption is a broad notion that covers downstream and supplier effects of tourism demand. Intermediate inputs represent those goods and service which support the supply of the tourism product the cleaning services that are inputted to the hotel sector; the fuel that is inputted to the aviation industry; the fruit and vegetables that are inputted to the restaurant industry. Together with any downstream impacts, it is these flow-on effects which determine the tourism industry s indirect contribution. Whether flow-on economic impacts are captured at the local level hinges on the region s capacity to supply intermediate inputs to the tourism sector. In order to assess this and, therefore, to rigorously quantify the indirect impacts at a regional level DAE has utilised a gravity modelling technique based on parameters that define the intermediate inputs relevant to each tourism characteristic ANZSIC industry and a corresponding analysis of the local industry base in each Tourism Region. The inclusion of indirect effects in the regional TSA framework provides a more complete view of the total contribution of tourism to regional Queensland. Both the direct and indirect effects have been calculated using input-output analysis methods. The IO analysis method provides a breakdown of the supply and demand of commodities in the regional economy. As the tourism sector by nature does not have its own multiplier, a correspondence between the tourism consumption bundle and production industries is used to calculate a weighted tourism industry multiplier. The multipliers measure the individual contribution of the supply industries and thus provide the benchmark for estimating direct and flow-on effects for tourism output, GVA, GRP and employment. Regional expenditure TRA regional tourism profiles are used to inform, where possible, cost indicators (i.e. average expenditure per visitor) for Queensland tourism regions. These cost indicators are used to develop a set of regional cost differentials relative to the state average and are then multiplied out to allow for total annual regional visitation. The itemised expenditure bundles are the foundation of the regional TSA framework. The estimates derived from the regional expenditure allocation show considerable differences in expenditure profiles across regions and are a key contributor in shaping the patterns that individualise the regions. However, in order to produce estimates at such a detailed level of granularity, a number of data manipulations and assumptions must be made. Indeed, some of the data has been stretched to the limits of its intended capability. Statistical variability and confidence issues result in a number of gaps in regional expenditure estimates. It is important to note, that the assumptions underlying the data transformations may have an effect on the quality of the outputs. 63

Tourism consumption Consumption represents the demand side of tourism and thus reflects the visitors payment for goods and services. Thus consumption in tourism satellite accounting is generally measured in purchasers prices to reflect the price impact on visitors. The calibrated regional tourism expenditure bundles are used to measure regional consumption at purchasers prices. This includes components that are not directly related to industries producing goods and services for tourism purposes: Imports Product taxes and subsidies Wholesale and retail margins Therefore in order to measure the indirect effects correctly, it is necessary to adjust purchasers consumption estimates for the non-direct components of the product supply. Only at basic prices is consumption equal to output of the producing industry, as all additional components paid by the consumers are removed. Furthermore, basic price measures allow for comparisons between industries and across countries because they are free of the distorting (and variable) effects of taxes and subsidies on products. Notably, the tax and subsidy component of a product's sale price does not represent value added by the industry producing that product and flow-on effects would be further over-estimated by the inclusion of values such as imports which are not related directly to domestic production. 64

Appendix B: Glossary ABS Australian Bureau of Statistics ANZSIC Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification CEP CGE DAE GFC GRP GSP GVA I-O LGA MMRF STCRC TEQ TRA TSA Centre of Economics and Policy Computable General Equilibrium Global Financial Crisis Gross Regional Product Gross State Product Gross Value Added Input - Output Local Government Area Monash Multi-Regional Forecasting Sustainable Tourism Cooperative Research Council Tourism and Events Queensland Tourism Research Australia Tourism Satellite Account Basic price: The amount receivable by the producer from the purchaser for a unit of a good or service produced as output, prior to any additional costs such as net taxes or margins required to facilitate transfer of the goods and services from the producer to the visitors. These additional costs are paid by consumers but received by other industries (e.g. transport) and government (e.g. tax revenue). Current prices: The estimates of tourism consumption and contribution presented in this report are recorded at current prices (i.e. the prevailing prices in the period to which the observation relates). Therefore, changes over time are a result of changes in prices as well as underlying systemic changes in the real level of economic activity. Direct contribution of tourism: The contribution generated by transactions between the visitor and producer for a good or service that involves a direct physical or economic relationship. For example, the direct effects of an increase in the number of visitors staying in hotel accommodation are the sales and any associated changes in payments for wages and salaries, taxes and supplies and services. Employed person: A person aged 15 years or over who during the reference week worked for one hour or more for pay, profit, commission, or payment in kind in a job or business or on a farm, or work for one hour or more without pay in a family business or on a farm. Direct and indirect tourism employment is measured separately using the TSA framework, and IO and gravity 65

modelling techniques respectively. Combined they provide an estimate of total tourism employment. Imputed tourism consumption: Consists of imputations made for the consumption by visitors of certain goods and services for which they do not make a payment. Imputation is confined to a small number of cases where a reasonably satisfactory basis for the valuation of the implied transaction is available (such as imputed rent on dwellings). Indirect contribution of tourism: The subsequent flow-on effects created by the requirement for inputs from those industries supplying goods and services to visitors. For example, in the case of the hotel industry this might include the fresh produce supplied to a hotel and the electricity used. Input-output table: An input-output table is a means of presenting a detailed analysis of the process of production and the use of goods and services (products) and the income generated in the production process. National input-output tables are produced annually by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. International tourism: Short-term overseas visitors to Australia for a period of less than 12 months. The one year rule for length of stay for an international visitor is consistent with the principle applied in determining residency in the balance of payments, which generally requires the length of stay in an economic territory to be less than one year to qualify as a non-resident. Interstate travel: Domestic overnight travel where a visitor travels to a State or Territory other than that of their usual environment. The usual environment is made up of one or more areas in which a person undertakes their regular activities such as their place of residence, place of work, place of study and other places frequented. Intrastate travel: Domestic overnight travel where a visitor travels to a location within the State or Territory in which they reside. Margin: The margin is the difference between the resale price of a good and the cost to the retailer or wholesaler of the good sold. A transport margin consists of the transport charges invoiced separately by the producer in the delivery of a good. Net taxes on products: The combined taxes and subsidies on a product, payable per unit of a good or service. The tax or subsidy may be a specific amount of money per unit of quantity of a good or service, or it may be calculated ad valorem as a specified percentage of the price per unit or value of the goods or services transacted. A tax or subsidy usually becomes payable when the product is sold or imported but may also become payable in other circumstances such as when a good is exported. Other taxes on production: All taxes that enterprises incur as a result of engaging in product, except taxes on products. These include taxes related to the payroll or workforce numbers; taxes paid by the employees themselves out of their wages or salaries; recurrent taxes on land, buildings or other structures; business and professional licenses where no service is provided by the Government in return; taxes on the use of fixed assets or other activities; stamp duties; taxes on pollution and the environment; and taxes on international transactions. Purchasers price: the amount payable by the purchaser, excluding any deductible tax, to take delivery of a unit of a good or service at the time and place required by the purchaser. This includes any transport charges paid separately to take delivery of the good or service. 66

Same-day travel: Domestic travel involving a round trip distance of at least 50 kilometres and at least four hours, and no nights spent away from home. Same-day travel as part of overnight travel is excluded, as is routine travel such as commuting between work or school and home. Total contribution of tourism: The sum of the direct and indirect effects of tourism consumption (see direct contribution of tourism and indirect contribution of tourism). Tourism characteristic industries: Industries that would either cease to exist in their present form or would be significantly affected if tourism were to cease. Under the international TSA standards, core lists of tourism characteristic industries, based on the significance of their link to tourism in the worldwide context, are recommended to facilitate international comparison. The core list of tourism characteristic industries is consistent with the newly revised international classification of industries, namely the International Standard Industrial Classification, Revision 4 (ISIC Rev. 4), which aligns closely with ANZSIC 2006. In the Australian TSA, for an industry to be a country-specific tourism characteristic industry, at least 25 per cent of its output must be consumed by visitors. Tourism characteristic products: Products that would either cease to exist in meaningful quantity or for which sales would be significantly reduced in the absence of tourism. Under the international TSA standards, core lists of tourism characteristic products, based on the significance of their link to tourism in the worldwide context, are recommended to facilitate international comparison. In the Australian TSA, for a product to be a country-specific tourism characteristic product, at least 25 per cent of the output of the product must be consumed by visitors. Tourism connected industries: Industries, other than tourism characteristic industries, for which a tourism related product is directly identifiable (primary) and where the products are consumed by visitors in volumes which are significant for the visitor and/or the producer. For an industry to be tourism related it must serve the visitor themselves, that is, there must be a direct relationship between the provider of the product and the consumer. All other industries are classified as all other industries, though some of their products may be consumed by visitors and are included in the calculation of direct tourism GVA and GRP. Tourism connected products: Products that are consumed by visitors but are not considered tourism characteristic products. Tourism consumption: The total value of tourism goods and services consumed by residents and visitors from overseas in Australia. It consists of tourism expenditure plus imputed consumption by resident and non-resident visitors on tourism related products. It includes household, business and government tourism consumption. It represents the price paid by the visitor (which therefore includes taxes and subsidies) and is measured in purchasers prices. Tourism expenditure: The amount paid by a visitor or on behalf of a visitor for and during his/her trip and stay at the destination. Tourism gross regional product: Tourism GRP is tourism GVA plus net taxes on products that are attributable to the tourism industry. As such direct tourism GRP will generally have a higher value than direct tourism GVA. Direct tourism GRP is a satellite account construct to enable a direct comparison with the most widely recognised national accounting aggregate, gross domestic (or regional) product. Direct and indirect flow-on GRP are measured separately using the TSA framework, and IO and gravity modelling techniques respectively. Combined they provide an estimate for total tourism GRP. 67

Tourism gross value added: Considered the most accurate measure of the contribution of the industry to the economy. It includes the total labour income and capital revenue received by the industry and the net taxes that government received from the production, and is measured in basic prices. This measure is directly comparable with the value added of conventional industries such as mining and manufacturing and can also be used for comparisons across countries. Direct and indirect GVA are measured separately using the TSA framework, and IO and gravity modelling techniques respectively. Combined they provide an estimate of total tourism GVA. Tourism output: The total value of goods and services produced in Australia to satisfy visitor consumption. It is measured in basic prices, so it excludes net taxes on tourism products. 68

Appendix C: Indirect trade flows Aside from intra-regional supply sources, the primary contributor to indirect impacts from tourism is demand from tourism operations in Brisbane. In 2013-14, Brisbane generated $11.8 billion in tourism consumption, thus indirect supply requirements for this sector have significant flow-on effects for regional Queensland, particularly on smaller sub-regional economies. More specifically, a significant portion of the indirect flows to regional Queensland is from tourism spend on the accommodation, food, and retail sectors in Brisbane; Figure C.1 provides a view on the most significant source of tourism sector supply flows (i.e. agriculture and processed foods products). Figure C.1: Significant supply flows for the retail, accommodation and food sectors Agriculture 20-70% of the direct intermediate inputs to processed food sectors* are from primary agriculture 95% of Queensland employment in primary agriculture occurs in regions outside Brisbane Processed foods 15-35% of the direct intermediate inputs to Retail, Accommodation, and Food and Beverage Services are taken from the processed food sector Other 50% of Queensland employment in processed foods occurs in regions outside Brisbane Other Retail, accommodation and food sectors * Excluding Bakery Product Manufacturing and Soft Drink, Cordials and Syrup Manufacturing, both of which are heavy users of other processed food sectors 69